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James Edward Gray II writes "If you have been swept up by the Rails craze or are even just a casual fan, you have probably been waiting for the terrific books to start rolling in. Some early entries, like Agile Web Development with Rails, were very solid but for me greatness arrived with Rails Recipes. For those who are not familiar with it, Rails is a full-stack web application framework, for quickly developing state-of-the-art web applications. Rails Recipes is the latest book on the subject from the Pragmatic Programmers." Read the rest of James's review. Rails Recipes author Recipes pages 299 publisher The Pragmatic Programmers rating Excellent reviewer James Edward Gray II ISBN 0-9776166-0-6 summary A programming cookbook for all things Rails.

Let me tell you how I discovered Rails Recipes. At the Rails shop I work for, we needed a favorites system for our latest application. When I inherited the task of implementing favorites, I had heard just enough to guess that the new polymorphic associations feature of Rails might be just what I needed. Sadly, I had never even seen an example of their usage. Before leaving work that day, I checked the table of contents to make sure a recipe for what I needed was in there and and bought a combo pack, so the PDF would be waiting for me in the morning. The next day I built the entire favorites system and integrated it into our application with only the book as my guide. Total time for implementation, from cracking the book to a complete solution: just over three hours.

Needless to say, the book had completely won me over by that point. I started sneaking in recipe reads whenever I had a free moment or two and had literally devoured the book in no time. I completely expected it to show me cute AJAX tricks and handle common issues like login code and it certainly does these things. It also covers popular plugins, including Acts as Taggable and Acts as Versioned, as it should. What I didn't expect was for the book to include so many excellent low-flash coding recommendations as well. There are terrific recipes for DRYing up your code in various circumstances, building your own output forms for views, how to use models in migrations even if the files are long gone, integration testing as a DSL, routing methods, code generation, and a whole lot more.

The book has some surprising depth to the Rails insights it provides, not because the recipes are long but more because the topics are well chosen. Even the small "Snack Recipes" generally dive right to the heart of a commonly encountered matter. You get typical solutions and often some tips on how to customize the relevant Rails behaviors. For example, the book covers how to add inflections Rails can use in its singular/plural text transformations and how to tie your own form building classes right into the standard Rails helper methods.

I'm a long time Ruby user and I consider myself fairly knowledgeable with regard to the language, but this book taught me new tricks. I've read the Pickaxe, but for some reason IRb sessions never sunk in for me until this book showed the perfect example of using the on an ActiveRecord model to create a Ruby syntax database shell. The book even taught me some great YAML tricks for use in fixtures and configuration files.

Now I realize I've been gushing a little, so let me to balance it with at least some words of caution. First, this book assumes you know Rails. You will not learn Rails here. This should not be the first Rails book you read, though it does make an ideal second read and daily reference. I should also note that the recipe sections seem pretty arbitrary to me. I expected to find the login discussion in the "Big-Picture Recipes" section and the console tips in "Database Recipes", but they are located elsewhere. This might be a minor challenge for those who try to thumb straight to a recipe, but I've found searching the PDF makes this a non-issue. (The paper version of the book does have nice tabs drawn on the edge of pages to lead you to recipe types though, unrelated to the sections.) Finally, I should note that I've gone hunting in the book for about four work projects now, and found all but one. It didn't cover Acts as Threaded usage. Obviously it is impossible for a single book to answer all your questions about Rails, but a 75% ratio seems like a great start to me!

There are 70 recipes in this book split among user interface, database, controller, testing, big-picture, and email categories. I must stress again though how well these recipes pack in the tips. Don't be at all surprised if you learn an applicable view layer or even pure Ruby trick in a database recipe.

If you are a Rails user, I must recommend you pick up this title immediately. I really believe there is something in here for all.

You can purchase Rails Recipes from bn.com. Slashdot welcomes readers' book reviews -- to see your own review here, read the book review guidelines, then visit the submission page.

James Edward Gray II writes "If you've ever wanted to know more about the agile programming methodologies, Integrating Agile Development in the Real World is a fine place to look for the answers to your questions. Various agile methodologies are explained, compared, and contrasted within. A good look is taken at how they work, their strengths and weaknesses, and how they compare to the more traditional approaches of software development. This proves to be a strong introduction and overview to agile programming practices." Read on for the rest of Gray's review. Integrating Agile Development in the Real World author Peter Schuh pages 346 publisher Charles River Media rating 8 reviewer James Edward Gray II ISBN 1584503645 summary An encyclopedia of agile software development practices.

The book opens with a couple of chapters exploring exactly what it means to be an agile development team. The author doesn't spoon feed you a definition. Instead, he takes a look at the Manifesto for Agile Software Development and pulls from that a collection of values important to agile software development. A list of agile principles is presented, and each of these aspects is examined from the angle of what it's trying to accomplish and where it can help when building software.

At this point, the book introduces seven methodologies including The Crystal Methodologies, eXtreme Programming, and Scrum. Each approach is defined by their practices and focus. The author does a nice job of telling you where these methodologies excel and even where they don't. The approaches are contrasted, but not with an eye towards finding out who is right and who is wrong. Instead, the author digs for the strengths in each practice.

The next few chapters offer suggestions about what agile practices can do for your development team, and outline how to adopt a few agile practices. This is one of the many places where the book really shines, thanks to its realistic approach. The author knows that not everyone can run out, soak up some eXtreme Programming training, and convert their entire division overnight. If you can, great, but this book is more focused on people who don't meet certain agile requirements and others who just want to test the waters a little. For these groups, there is sensible advice like, "Start by doing X, Y, and Z, because they're great ideas, easy to implement, and will help you a lot." If you like those changes, the author suggests what to try next. Even better, you're told to back away from the changes you don't like, sprinkle in some ideas from other methodologies, and even customize the practices to your needs. That may not be as extreme as some agile developers would prefer you to be, but it is agile programming distilled down to what it can do for you personally. I found that to be a great touch.

With the introduction to this new world of software development covered, the book moves into detailing actual agile practices. Early chapters in this section focus on the programmer, testing, and even the database side of the operation. Later chapters get into management, the project, and an agile development cycle. When a practice is defined, you're warned of prerequisites you should have in place before considering it, offered advice for how to get started with it, and even given a few variations that might work better for your group. I wouldn't say that the detail here is sufficient to teach you all you need to know, instead this section arms you with the knowledge to decide what you should be looking into. To kick-start your research efforts, a practice always ends with a list of further resources, available both online and in print.

The final chapters of the book get more abstract, dealing with customers, communication, and even just people. There's a lot of sound advice hidden away in these pages for some difficult challenges. I personally learned a lot about how agile development deals with customers and I have a few new ideas I'm anxious to try on my clients.

As an added bonus, the book has a very nice layout, filled with intelligent, witty prose and good looking charts. These effects are always subtle but can make a text a lot more approachable. I believe my only complaint was that the author tends to throw around acronyms assuming you know what they stand for. I think he even eventually got around to defining all but a couple, but not always when you first encounter them. A glossary probably could have helped in this case.

In summary, this book is agile programming for everyone. As a one-man operation, common practices like pair programming aren't even an option for me. The author knows that the methodologies aren't one-size-fits-all, and really focus on exactly what they can do for you, whatever your own needs may be. If you don't follow any development strategy (hope that's not true), would like to know more about the agile practices without joining a cult, or even just want to stay sane in your traditional software development company, Integrating Agile Development in the Real World will give you plenty of fresh ideas.

You can purchase Integrating Agile Development in the Real World from bn.com. Slashdot welcomes readers' book reviews -- to see your own review here, read the book review guidelines, then visit the submission page.

James Edward Gray II writes "I'm not an XML junkie and I thought this was a very good book, so I'm betting that XML aficionados will love it. Effective XML covers 50 best practices that all developers should know and use. This amounts to a book of distilled wisdom that will push you a good distance up the chart of XML mastery." Read on for the rest of Gray's review. Effective XML author Elliotte Rusty Harold pages 304 publisher Addison-Wesley rating 8 reviewer James Edward Gray II ISBN 0321150406 summary A guide to the correct use of XML.

Before I tell you what's inside though, let me tell you what you won't find in these pages. Primarily you need to know that this book does not teach XML. I know a lot of books say that, yet still include an introduction or appendix that covers the basics, but this isn't one of them. You're expected to know XML from page one. Even syntax is only covered from a proper usage angle. Personally, I appreciated this. It always bothers me when an obvious non-beginner's book starts off by wasting a chapter on things I should already know. You just need to be aware when you buy that you won't learn XML here. Knowledge of namespaces, DTDs, the W3C's Schema Language, XSLT, and more aren't strictly required to get something out of this book, but they certainly would help you get a lot more out of it.

What you will get here is coverage of fifty miscellaneous topics spread across four sections on "Syntax", "Structure", "Semantics", and "Implementation". In "Syntax", ten topics delve into the details of things like DTDs, entity references and the XML declaration itself. It may sound silly to dig deep into a single line of XML that simply declares the format, but I doubt you will think so after reading that topic. There's a lot going on in that line and you want to be in control of those decisions instead of just copying and pasting. Entity references are an even smaller chunk of XML output, but they too get illuminated by a rare insight on how and when they should be used, and for what. Did you know that it is possible to write a namespace savvy DTD? I do now and I learned that in this section as well.

The second section of the book covers "Structure", and to me it was the best part. This collection of seventeen topics is loaded with good advice about how to build an XML document that will be ideal for anyone who needs to work with it. Here you see how metadata should be stored in XML, get tips on embedding binary content, learn which schema language is better for which tasks, and finally understand rare XML constructs like processing instructions and exactly what they are for. Additionally, there's a lot of general advice on the right way to mark up content that's really worth its weight in gold. Just one example of what I learned here is that I under appreciate mixed content for great constructs like <name><given>John</given> <family>Doe</family>, <title>Ph.D.</title></name>. If you like that, you'll enjoy this whole section.

Section three, "Semantics", deals primarily with parsers and their APIs. Again, you won't learn any APIs here. What's covered is their strengths and weaknesses and why you should choose a given API for a given task. SAX and DOM are the main focus of these ten topics, but there are other details sprinkled in, like XPath.

The fourth and final section is all about "Implementation". The thirteen topics here address client-side XML styling, server-side transformations, signatures, encryption, compression, and more. My favorite topic here was a terrific coverage of Unicode and how it affects XML. All developers should know at least as much about Unicode as what's printed here and this is a fine source to learn it from.

One thing that really stands out in the whole text is that the author isn't afraid to cover the dark side of XML. He will tell you where the design process was less than perfect, which tools have little practical value, and some of the problems with where XML technologies are headed. This isn't complaining though. All of this is targeted at how it affects XML developers today. You learn what you can safely skip and what should be outright avoided. The author even tells you what XML is bad at and gives you advice about when you shouldn't use it. That's the mark of a man who knows his subject, if you ask me.

All told, I think the author failed to completely convince me his way is perfect on only 2 topics. That means I learned 48 expert XML tricks. Surely that's worth the cost of the book in time and money. This isn't the first XML book you need, but I think it is the second XML book everyone should read.

You can purchase Effective XML from bn.com. Slashdot welcomes readers' book reviews -- to see your own review here, read the book review guidelines, then visit the submission page.

James Edward Gray II writes "Beginning Perl (Second Edition) is a well named text that starts exactly where it claims. It assumes no prior knowledge of Perl or of programming in general. If that describes your needs, this book is a fine place to start." Read on for the rest of Gray's review. Beginning Perl (Second Edition) author James Lee with Simon Cozens and Peter Wainwright pages 429 publisher Apress rating 7 reviewer James Edward Gray II ISBN 159059391X summary A Solid First Perl Tutorial.

Beginning Perl is a conversational-style tutorial that will guide you through your first steps into the Perl world and even a little beyond. The first two-thirds of the book cover the basics of programming with Perl including data types, flow control and IO.

The casual flow through here will help prevent fledgling programmers from suffering information overload. The authors handle the need to provide enough information, though, by revisiting topics repeatedly, going a little deeper each time. Unfortunately, this hurts the volume's use as a reference, as it's quite a challenge to go right to something. (Example: The built-in join() is covered in the chapter on "Regular Expressions," which is certainly not the first place I would look.) The index is decent and can guide you through these problems, if you remember to start there.

In keeping with the book's tone, side-trips and diversions are fairly common. Early on, these center around topics like "How to Think Like a Programmer" and "What Exactly is a Binary Number." I mention this because I know some readers appreciate this level of detail, while the interruptions annoy others. I found many of the discussions insightful, but it did occasionally get carried away with itself. (Example: There is a whole page on Perl's versioning scheme that goes so far as to discuss what a "patch pumpkin" is. Interesting or not, it seems out of place in here.)

One of Beginning Perl's real strengths is its constant encouragement of the programmer in training to experiment as a means of further learning. The text often suggests things to try and each chapter ends with a set of exercises. Answers to exercises are provided in an appendix. The only way to really learn programming is to program, so I was glad to see this push in the right direction.

The final third of the book digs a little deeper, examining references, object oriented programming, the CGI protocol and interfacing with an external database. Make no mistake, these are only introductions, but they are a nice addition to a beginner's book that will have you doing a little practical programming quickly. The "Introduction to CGI" and "Perl and DBI" (database interface) chapters really stood out here.

Two chapters were rocky enough to mention. "Regular Expressions" does not handle its content well, I'm afraid. You spend most of the chapter seeing if a pattern matched, but not what it matched. That's an important distinction for me. Learning regular expressions can be tricky and you need to see exactly what's going on. This issue is finally address near the end of the chapter, but it needed to come sooner. True beginners will likely need considerable experimentation of another book to really catch on to regular expressions.

"Object-Oriented Perl" was also problematic. Frankly the chapter bit off more than it could chew and doesn't really manage to teach much because of it. (Example: Inheritance isn't even addressed.) I think a better use of the chapter would have been to outline only the use of objects as a setup for later chapters, leaving the creation of objects to a volume that could spare the space to do the topic justice. Again, beginners will definitely need more material to be comfortable with object oriented programming.

To summarize, if you've wanted to learn Perl but haven't yet taken the plunge, you could do a lot worse than to start with this book. It's a casual tour of the basics with a few teasers for further study opportunities.

You can purchase Beginning Perl, 2nd Ed. from bn.com. Slashdot welcomes readers' book reviews. To see your own review here, carefully read the book review guidelines, then visit the submission page.

James Edward Gray II writes "Apress sent me a copy of Holub on Patterns for review, and for that I'm extremely grateful, because this is a gem of a book I would not have liked to miss. Odds are, most object-oriented programmers will feel the same, so allow me to share the highlights." Read on for the rest of Gray's review. Holub on Patterns: Learning Design Patterns by Looking at Code author Allen Holub pages 414 publisher Apress rating 9 reviewer James Edward Gray II ISBN 159059388X summary Design Patterns taught through Real World Programs.

If I can level any complaint against this book, it's probably that the title doesn't properly convey the goodness locked within. Holub on Patterns is short for Allen Holub on Design Patterns. Allen Holub is a long time expert on Design and Design Patterns, so he's the man you want to learn it from. Still, if I could name this book, it would be Object Oriented Design Voodoo. (Note: This is probably why I don't work for Apress or any other publisher.)

The book's subtitle is "Learning Design Patterns by Looking at Code." That probably conveys the work's focus a little better and it also gives away one of the book's best features: sensational examples. (These examples are in Java, another area where Holub is a well-known authority, but the concepts taught apply to Object Oriented Programming in any language.)

Titles aside, this book really is the best work I've read on design patterns. If you don't already know, design patterns are the recurring patterns of object-oriented software implementations. Luckily, you don't have to know anything about them to read this book. The author covers many patterns in rich detail from the beginning. Even if you do know your design patterns well, I'll wager Holub still has a trick or two to impress you with.

Holub discusses patterns in their ideal pure form, but much more importantly he shows them as they occur "in the wild," with multiple variations. He covers the downside of each pattern, weights the trade-offs of using them, and even gives a handful of cases where he felt they were impractical. He does all this right in the middle of complex real-world examples so you can see each point he's making. That's actual programming, folks. The good, the bad and the choices we programmers make are well presented, and that's rare in a programming text.

The book opens with two chapters that more or less cover why we need design patterns at all. Did you know getters/setters are bad? Did you know that subclassing is dangerous? If you said No to either question, you need this book and these two chapters in particular will get you up to speed on good OO practices. This section of the book is mostly theory, light on examples.

The next two chapters (covering over 250 pages) make up the heart of the book. Holub examines two examples in exhaustive detail. The first is his implementation of The Game of Life. You've probably implemented that on your TI calculator, but Holub sure didn't. He admits that his implementation is "Toy Code," but it's a robust example that involves eleven design patterns. The second example is production code, a mini database complete with SQL interpreter. This code is also swimming in pattern usage, and Holub gives you the guided tour.

I've already said these examples are great, but that claim begs some elaboration. First, we're talking about hundreds of lines of code in many of these listings. These aren't the usual contrived junk. What's more, one class may be participating in multiple patterns. Making any sense of these examples would be almost impossible if the author wasn't flawless in explaining the key points and always dropping hints about what you need to notice. This isn't light reading. It's work, but the rewards are there and it'll pay off if you really spend the effort to understand how the code works.

Finally, the book closes with an appendix that gives more typical recipe-card style listings of all the design patterns discussed throughout the text. This is a nice reference after you've finished the tricky stuff. If you're new to design patterns, you might start here, before the book throws you into the lion's den with its massive examples.

Just in case I haven't sold you on this title yet, I better mention the gorgeous hard back binding. Brilliant and sexy. How can you beat that?

Holub on Patterns is a very approachable way to learn a lot about design patterns. If you already know how much patterns can improve your object-oriented programming, you'll really enjoy Holub's presentation of the topic. If you don't yet grasp Design Patterns or haven't enjoyed other works on the subject, you'll just have to trust me: You want this book.

You can purchase Holub on Patterns: Learning Design Patterns by Looking at Code from bn.com. Slashdot welcomes readers' book reviews -- to see your own review here, read the book review guidelines, then visit the submission page.

James Edward Gray II writes " Programming Ruby: The Pragmatic Programmers' Guide (Second Edition), known as the Pickaxe II to its fans, is an extremely current view of the Ruby programming language. Revised primarily by Dave Thomas, a founding father of the English Ruby community, Programming Ruby is distilled expertise from a reliable source. In the past, quality English documentation of Ruby has been in short supply, but if any one volume could solve that problem, this is it." Read on for the rest of Gray's review. Programming Ruby: The Pragmatic Programmers' Guide author Dave Thomas with Chad Fowler and Andy Hunt pages 830 publisher Pragmatic Bookshelf rating 9 reviewer James Edward Gray II ISBN 0974514055 summary The definitive source for all things Ruby.

If you're not familiar with it, Ruby is a very fun and elegant scripting language that has been described as "more powerful than Perl and more object oriented than Python." I won't start a language war by defending that statement, but I will tell you what makes Ruby very attractive to me: Extremely object oriented, super clean syntax, and a smooth blending of iterators and code blocks for straightforward, concise solutions. If that sounds like a language you would like to know more about, Programming Ruby is the book for you.

At 830 pages, this edition is considerably larger than the first. It represents an expansion on many topics originally covered, in addition to all new coverage on topics like unit testing, RDoc documentation for Ruby source code, and more. Better still, "Duck Typing," a topic central to Ruby philosophy, receives its own enlightening chapter. This volume covers the very latest release of the language, often highlighting new features and even giving tips for things to watch for in future versions.

Programming Ruby is divided into four distinct sections. "Part I - Facets of Ruby" is a tutorial on the Ruby Programming Language. It's very effective, but I probably better give a warning here: This book teaches you how to program in Ruby, not how to program. You likely won't feel comfortable, even in this tutorial section, unless you have some experience with other programming languages. As an example, Ruby is object oriented on a scale with languages like Smalltalk, so you'll need to know object oriented programming. This book makes no attempt to teach such concepts, excepting how they apply to Ruby. As long as you come with the proper background, this section will get you on your feet with Ruby in under 200 pages. It's very well thought out.

"Part II - Ruby in its Setting" is a mixed-bag tour on the many places Ruby sees use. Web programming, command-line hacking, using TK to build GUIs, and Windows programming are just some of the covered topics. Other chapters in here focus on elements unique to Ruby, like the earlier mentioned RDoc or "irb," the interactive Ruby shell. There's even a chapter in here on package management with RubyGems.

When you're ready, "Part III - Ruby Crystallized" will take you deep into the core of Ruby syntax and functionality. This section tells you all the details about how Ruby reads your code, and how it runs. I think few people could soak in all the tidbits in here in one scan. I've read it twice now and learned about as much both times. There's a lot of great Ruby knowledge waiting to be mined out of here.

Finally, "Part IV - Ruby Library Reference" is the best Ruby reference I've yet run across. It covers every class, module, method and constant in core Ruby. The descriptions for these entities tell you exactly what you need to know, the examples, though short, are inspiring, and the comments sneak in subtle hints that are more than useful. Following this, the book gives an overview of all Standard Libraries included with Ruby. This section really opened my eyes to the tools I've been missing out on simply because I didn't know they were there. Be warned: These Standard Library summaries won't teach you every feature available. They just tell you what they're for so you'll know where to look for the information you need. The last great feature in this section is a terrific index. I care about the index and a book that has a bad one will really bother me. Luckily, that couldn't be further from the truth here.

Programming Ruby isn't perfect, of course. Some of the chapters are not as thorough as you wish they could be, simply because of the amount of information that needs to be covered. The chapter on threads is probably the biggest example of this, but remember that entire volumes have been written on threading. Another minor point is that some of the examples are quite contrived. This bothers some people, but I don't feel it's too much trouble for the book's target audience. As I've said, you're expected to know how to program going into this book, just not how to program in Ruby.

Programming Ruby at least touches on most things central to the Ruby Programming Language, and goes into considerable detail more often than not. There's something for all levels here. You can learn Ruby from the tutorial, as I did with the first edition, but you'll keep coming back to the wonderful reference and to go deeper into specific areas of interest. That's a lot of great mileage for one book. I'm willing to bet most Ruby Gurus keep it in arm's reach, because Ruby wouldn't be half as much fun without it.

You can purchase Programming Ruby from bn.com. Slashdot welcomes readers' book reviews -- to see your own review here, read the book review guidelines, then visit the submission page.