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Interesting Planet Apparently Heating Its Star

T. Panimaesh writes "A Canadian graduate student has discovered a planet which is heating the star it rotates around. 'Evgenya Shkolnik detected a spot on HD179949 that was 700 degrees warmer than the surrounding areas and circled the star at the same pace as the planet's orbit, once every three days. First seen in 2001, it also appeared in two sets of observations in 2002. It is probably not an intrinsic feature of the star, which takes nine days to rotate. Instead, the planet appears to possess a magnetic field that interacts with the star's magnetic field.' The 'roaster' planet being studied is almost as big as Jupiter, a gas giant planet in our solar system, and has 270 times the mass of Earth. It moves at 150 Kilometres per second, completing it's orbit in just 3.5 days."

59 comments

  1. New York Times registration required by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Could anyone post the contents of the article "just in case it's slashdotted"?

    Thanks

    1. Re:New York Times registration required by Sklivvz · · Score: 1, Redundant

      Here you go: "New Clues Are Detected About Planets of Other Stars
      By KENNETH CHANG

      Published: January 8, 2004

      ATLANTA, Jan. 7 -- For the first time, astronomers have detected a magnetic field around a planet around a distant star, offering one of the first clues to the properties of any planet outside the solar system.

      Over the past decade, astronomers have found 119 planets around other stars. But because the planets are detected indirectly -- by their gravitational tug on the stars -- almost nothing is known about any of them beyond a lower limit of their masses.

      Advertisement

      Using the Canada France Hawaii Telescope on Mauna Kea in Hawaii, Evgenya Shkolnik, a graduate student at the University of British Columbia, looked at the star HD179949, 88 light-years away in the constellation Sagittarius. Its planet, nearly the size of Jupiter, falls in the class of "roasters," a large planet that orbits very close to its star, in this case 4 million miles. (The Earth, by contrast, is 93 million miles from the Sun.)

      Ms. Shkolnik detected a spot on HD179949 that was 700 degrees warmer than the surrounding areas and circled the star at the same pace as the planet's orbit, once every three days. First seen in 2001, it also appeared in two sets of observations in 2002. It is probably not an intrinsic feature of the star, which takes nine days to rotate.

      Instead, the planet appears to possess a magnetic field that interacts with the star's magnetic field.

      "The hot spot is slightly ahead of the planet and appears to be moving across the surface of the star," Ms. Shkolnik said. "The best explanation for this is that it's an interaction between the planet of the star."

      The findings were presented Wednesday at a meeting of the American Astronomical Society here and have also been published in The Astrophysical Journal.

      "The observations look legitimate to me," said Dr. Gibor B. Basri of the University of California at Berkeley, who was not involved with the research. However, the theoretical understanding is "very insufficient to be able to judge whether how such a thing would happen," he said.

      The presence of a magnetic field implies metal at the core of the planet. Jupiter, which possesses a strong magnetic field, is believed to contain a core of metallic hydrogen. HD179949's planet may be inducing a hot spot on the star similar to how the magnetic fields of Io and Europa, two moons of Jupiter, induce hot spots on Jupiter.

      Others have suspected that "roasters" must have strong magnetic fields or that they would have been destroyed by the winds of particles ejected from the star. A magnetic field acts as a shield that diverts electrically charged particles around the planet.
      ".

    2. Re:New York Times registration required by JediDan · · Score: 1
      CNN has the story as well.

      ATLANTA (AP) -- Stars usually heat up their family of planets, but in an amazing reversal, an astronomer has found a planet that is actually heating up its sun.

      --
      - Dan
  2. Not to flame, but "NO SHIT!" by goldspider · · Score: 1, Insightful
    "The 'roaster' planet being studied is almost as big as Jupiter, a gas giant planet in our solar system"

    If ANYBODY here did not know that... well, kill yourself. You have no right to be anywhere near a computer, let alone a "News for Nerds" site.

    --
    "Ask not what your country can do for you." --John F. Kennedy
    1. Re:Not to flame, but "NO SHIT!" by Randolpho · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Actually, I'm surprised it's almost as big as Jupiter.

      It should probably be much much larger.

      --
      "Times have not become more violent. They have just become more televised."
      -Marilyn Manson
    2. Re:Not to flame, but "NO SHIT!" by Sklivvz · · Score: 1

      Why should it be much larger? It probably has a metallic hydrogen core, which creates the strong magnetic field. This field interacts with the star's outer shell and magnetic field (say by compressing parts of the outer shell) and thus creating the hotspot on the star.

    3. Re:Not to flame, but "NO SHIT!" by noselasd · · Score: 1

      1. Why
      2. Do you have any idea how big jupiter is ? it BIG. e.g the orange spot/storm commonly seen on jupiter images is the size of earth

    4. Re:Not to flame, but "NO SHIT!" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I was, of course, refering to the informative clarification that Jupiter is a gas giant in our solar system.

    5. Re:Not to flame, but "NO SHIT!" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      If ANYBODY here did not know that... well, kill yourself.
      I was, of course, refering to the informative clarification that Jupiter is a gas giant in our solar system.
      Yeah, I suppose that's a valid reason for suicide. ;)
    6. Re:Not to flame, but "NO SHIT!" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

      Actually, the "great red spot" is about 3 times the size of the Earth.

    7. Re:Not to flame, but "NO SHIT!" by kalidasa · · Score: 1

      Because it's very, very hard to identify a planet as small as Jupiter. Jupiter is big for our system, but small compared to some of the behemoths that have been discovered (like HD 168443 c). However, if he looked at the list I just linked to, he'd know that a few rather small planets (probably still Jovians, but smallish ones) have been identified.

  3. Re:If this is not the first post... by borroff · · Score: 0, Troll

    Here, doggy, doggy!

  4. Re:If this is not the first post... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    It's not, so where are the pictures? :-P

  5. In other news by Sklivvz · · Score: 3, Funny

    A hacker from Canada has been wardriving in said area and reported that the star's hotspot is IEEE 802.11 compliant.

    I wonder what use it would be with a 176yr ping time! DOH!

    1. Re:In other news by Arjuna · · Score: 1

      Cute .sig, though I spell it differently.
      Teehee you said 'anal'

    2. Re:In other news by Alsee · · Score: 1

      I wonder what use it would be with a 176yr ping time!

      Data storage?

      With a 56,000 modem you'd have over 34,000 Gig of data in-flight at any moment.

      -

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      - - You can't take something off the Internet! That's like trying to take pee out of a swimming pool.
  6. Why? by Randolpho · · Score: 1

    Well, just your basic law of averages. Most of the planets we've been able to find have been much larger than Jupiter. We've only recently been able to detect Jupiter-size planets.

    It's not a difficult extrapolation.

    --
    "Times have not become more violent. They have just become more televised."
    -Marilyn Manson
  7. Not so strange for a Star Trek episode by displague · · Score: 1

    Is anyone else thinking that this gas giant houses a hyper intelligent race of celestial beings? Perhaps there is a satellite array which mantains the strange orbit and prevents the large planet from colliding with the star and destroying the system. Perhaps this array has an advanced energy system which creates the heat bursts we have detected!! AHA!!! Perhaps!!!

    --
    Marques Johansson
    1. Re:Not so strange for a Star Trek episode by Patrik_AKA_RedX · · Score: 1
      Perhaps this array has an advanced energy system which creates the heat bursts we have detected!!
      Nah, I think they've discovered the Planet of the Overclockers.
  8. Earthlink by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

    I wonder what use it would be with a 176yr ping time! DOH!

    Obviously, you aren't an Earthlink user.

  9. Star Trek explanation by AtariAmarok · · Score: 1
    You want the Star Trek explanation?

    TOS: A scientist (who lives alone except for his beautiful daughter) is conducting dangerous energy experiments.

    TNG: Don't worry, it will be figured out in the last 15 minutes. Data and Geordi right now are trying to trace the source of unknown photocron emissions that were detected at the beginning of the episode.

    DS9: You already mentioned the race of celestial beings.

    Voyager: Whoever it is, I wonder if they want to eat some of Neelix's leftover burnt Antarean alpha-truffles

    Enterprise: It's gotta be the Xindi.

    --
    Don't blame Durga. I voted for Centauri.
    1. Re:Star Trek explanation by Ophidian+P.+Jones · · Score: 1

      TNG: Don't worry, it will be figured out in the last 15 minutes.

      Maybe, but to be fair, you should have said that there was some moral dilemma involved: for example, another planet in the system needed the extra heat from the sun to live, and the people on the planet mentioned in this story were threatening to turn it off.

      Remember, TNG was a drama first, and sci-fi second. It was the ethical dilemmas around which the viewers needed to wrap their heads that kept the audience interested.

    2. Re:Star Trek explanation by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      TOS: A scientist (who lives alone except for his beautiful daughter) is conducting dangerous energy experiments.

      Go Captain! Go Captain!
      It's your birthday!
      Gonna do her!
      Go Captain!

  10. Data and Geordi by AtariAmarok · · Score: 1

    Yet, you have to admit that the show had too many of the "Data and Geordi try to figure out strange particles/emissions/transmissions/apparitions" type.

    --
    Don't blame Durga. I voted for Centauri.
    1. Re:Data and Geordi by Ophidian+P.+Jones · · Score: 1

      Yet, you have to admit that the show had too many of the "Data and Geordi try to figure out strange particles/emissions/transmissions/apparitions" type.

      Yeah, I'll give you that. It's too bad. These were most apparent in the early seasons, and in seasons 6 and 7 after a) Gene had passed away and b) most of the writing talent had moved to DS9.

  11. Grav/Mag effects on solar convection by redelm · · Score: 3, Insightful
    The title is a misnomer. I very much doubt the planet is heating it's star or it would be losing energy and be very unstable.

    Most likely, either tidal or mag.field effects are changing the convection patterns inside the star. All stars are _much_ hotter in the core than on the surface, it wouldn't take much to influence these boundary-condition dependant internal convective flows.

    1. Re:Grav/Mag effects on solar convection by Usquebaugh · · Score: 1

      Most likely they're right and you're wrong.

    2. Re:Grav/Mag effects on solar convection by rpresser · · Score: 3, Informative

      There are serious theoretical reasons to believe magnetism AND tidal interactions are a factor. Related articles here, here (postscript) and here (postscript). (Can't read postscript? Get ghostscript, or read the text versions.

  12. A what, now? by duggy_92127 · · Score: 0, Offtopic
    ...is almost as big as Jupiter, a gas giant planet in our solar system, and has...

    Woah, back up there. This 'Jupiter' you speak of, it's a what, now? A planet, here in our solar system? Wow! Please, tell me more!

    Doug

    1. Re:A what, now? by Associate · · Score: 1

      Jupiter, a gas giant planet in our solar system

      Did anyone else think they were talking about the other Jupiter?

      --
      Someone hates these cans.
    2. Re:A what, now? by OptimoosePrime · · Score: 0

      Yea, I think they are right on this one because I seem to remember something about a planet called Jupiter...wait, maybe it was Juno....My Very Educated Mother Just Ser....yea, the planet is Juno. These guys are REALLY flying in the face of modern astronomy by claiming that its name is Jupiter.

      --
      796F75617265616E65726400
  13. Jupiter by Finuvir · · Score: 2

    Is it really necessary to tell us that Jupiter is a planet in our own solar system? I'm not from the USA , but I assume your educational system isn't that bad!

    --
    Why is anything anything?
    1. Re:Jupiter by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      eat shit and die eurotrash.

    2. Re:Jupiter by SB9876 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      I dunno about that. I went to a fairly decent high school near Seattle and remember when our Biology teacher gave us an impromptu geography test to satisfy his own curiosity about the state of our geography knowledge. It was a world map with no country borders drawn in and we had to roughly draw in and label something like 20 countries and the oceans.

      I was fairly happy that I got everything correct except to put Mongolia on the South side of China. My friend managed to put Britain where France is. Most of the class got fewer than 1/3 of the countries right. Several people didn't know where the PACIFIC OCEAN was. (Hint: if you're living in Seattle, it's the big bunch of water next to you on the map)

      Even worse, about 1/2 of the class didn't know where Canada was. (Somebody put Vietnam where Canada is at, seriously) 5 people DIDN'T KNOW WHERE THE US WAS on a map. I'm sorry but if you can't even find your own country on a map, you need to be beaten.

      I''m not sure if that was more depressing than when I was doing writing tutoring as an undergrad at the University of Washington (a fairly selective 4 year public university, or so I thought) and I regularly had to show people how to write a sentence.

      Yes, you read that right. Several times, I had to show people enrolled at a university the basics of subject-verb-predicate. Oh yeah, most of them didn't know what a paragraph was either - as in they'd never heard of one.

      During a brief stint at a community college, I had a geography teacher that didn't know how orbits worked. He was somehow under the impression that as soon as you left the atmosphere, you just kinda hovered in space as if it were made of Velcro or something. Nice old guy, crap teacher though.

      So yes, it's probably not a bad idea to reiterate that Jupiter is one of the planets.

    3. Re:Jupiter by Finuvir · · Score: 2, Funny

      I stand both corrected and deeply appalled. But anyone could have missed Canada, all tucked away down there.

      --
      Why is anything anything?
    4. Re:Jupiter by squiggleslash · · Score: 2, Funny

      Jupiter is also a city just north of West Palm Beach in Florida. It's quite conceivable that someone, somewhere, would have thought "You mean the city? Well of course this planet's going to be larger, I mean, Jupiter's just the usual collection of stripmalls and closed condo communities you get all over Florida, it isn't that big. It's quite hot though, perhaps that's the reason they're mentioning it."

      --
      You are not alone. This is not normal. None of this is normal.
    5. Re:Jupiter by Finuvir · · Score: 1

      I would like to meet the person who thought that. I don't know what I'd do to them though. Bemused handshake, or piledriver? Perhaps that's what caused the problem?

      --
      Why is anything anything?
    6. Re:Jupiter by some+guy+I+know · · Score: 1

      Whilst discussing with a colleague a mutual acquaintance with unconventional views, I joked that he was probably from Venus.
      Her response: "Where's Venus?"
      I answered, "It's a planet."
      She replied "Oh." in a puzzled tone that left me with the distinct impression that she wasn't quite sure what a planet was.

      --
      Those who sacrifice security to condemn liberty deserve to repeat history or something. - Benjamin Santayana
  14. Of Course it is going to affect the star by Slick_Snake · · Score: 2, Insightful
    Think how close the planet must be to the star to make a complete rotation in 3.5 days.
    A year on Mercury takes 87.97 Earth days; it takes 87.97 Earth days for Mercury to orbit the sun once.

    Logicly the planet must be closer much closer than Mercury is to our Sun. I could just be a phenomenon similar to the tides caused by the moon.

    1. Re:Of Course it is going to affect the star by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I could just be a phenomenon similar to the tides caused by the moon.

      You are?

  15. Imagine a planet completely populated by women by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    Obviously it's completely populated by women and with no one to stop them they keep cranking the thermostat up...

  16. US Educational System by notcreative · · Score: 0, Troll

    There was a NYT article yesterday about how the US National Park Service is "re-evaluating" plaques that it placed in the Grand Canyon expressing the theory that the canyon was created during the Biblical Flood and is only a few thousand years old. Apparently the Bush Administration wants the plaques to be kept in the park, and other (read "sane") people are shocked and awed by the ignorance involved. If a number of US citizens REALLY believe that the Grand Canyon was formed when Noah was on an ark, then there is no logical limit to their ignorance. It may be hard to understand if you don't live here, but the scientific method is no longer taught in public schools. The idea of subjecting a hypothesis to tests conflicts with the value of "faith-based education" which gives us more in common with Iran than anywhere else. Oh well, I guess we'll always need gas station attendents. They can believe that the Grand Canyon came from the tears of Quarnog the World Unicorn if it makes them happy.

    1. Re:US Educational System by Valdrax · · Score: 1

      Actually, according the LA Times the issues of Creationist theories and Bush-supported religious plaques are seperate. There is a book sold in the gift shops at the Grand Canyon that advances the Creationist theory of the canyon, written by a canyon guide. It has been moved from the science section to the inspirational section. As fas as I know, the Bush administration has no stance on this issue.

      Seperately, there are a few religious plaques in the canyon with inspirational Bible verses on them, but with no mention of creationism, that were ordered to be taken down since it's a public park and there is supposed to be a seperation of church and state. The Bush administration objects to that.

      Two issues -- one of ignorance and one of state support of religion -- not one.

      --
      If it's for-profit but free, you're not the customer -- you're the product (e.g., the Slashdot Beta's "audience").
  17. Gas Planet Formation by ajax0187 · · Score: 1

    Most of the planets we've discovered outside our solar system are gas giants orbiting very close to their parent stars. Is there any theories to how these planets formed? I remember reading somewhere that the gas giants formed in our solar system because they were so FAR away from the sun (something to do with ice crystals, and how they weren't vaporized becuase they were so far away from the sun). So how is it that gas giants in another solar system can be so close? And really close, I mean - the article says this planet is only 4 million miles away from the sun. I'd like to know how stable this solar system is, and if it will rip itself apart in a few thousand years.

    --
    "By and large, language is a tool for concealing the truth." - George Carlin
    1. Re:Gas Planet Formation by Squiffy · · Score: 1
      The prevailing idea is that gas giants form at a distance and migrate inward, due either to hydrodynamic drag or a more complex mechanism that somehow binds the planet to the migration pattern of free material in the disk.

      You might also want to check this out.

      In answer to your other question, this system isn't likely to rip itself apart anytime soon.

  18. Yes, they'd both be a factor... by leonbrooks · · Score: 1

    ...and if it's interacting with the star at all, then the changes must be dragging energy out of the planet, ergo, the planet's orbit will decay and probably swiftly. Magnetism is going to be a huge effect if the range is short enough for a 3.5-day orbit. Think dynamo. Think closer, and faster.

    --
    Got time? Spend some of it coding or testing
    1. Re:Yes, they'd both be a factor... by Alsee · · Score: 1

      and if it's interacting with the star at all, then the changes must be dragging energy out of the planet, ergo, the planet's orbit will decay

      Not ture. The moon is interacting with the Earth - causing tides - yet that interaction is actually feeding energy into the moon and moving it further away.

      On the other hand the planet almost certainly did get that close by drifting in. Most likely it is accelerating in, but it is possible this effect has stabilized its position.

      and probably swiftly

      Only if you interpret "swiftly" on a geological timescale. Any planet (expecially a Jovian) will have a monsterously large amount of inertial energy in its orbit. Any remote interaction would resemble a butterfly flapping at a hurricane. Given a million years the hurricane will move a few miles.

      -

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  19. Re:Corporate hegemony in America by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I'm a white man. I'd like to ask you to suck my cock. Unless your a man, then I'd ask you to go fuck yourself. On the freeway, in the middle of the night.

    Thanks.

  20. In a word, by Morologous · · Score: 1

    No.

  21. If you're thinking strictly in terms of gravity... by leonbrooks · · Score: 1

    ...then you'll be several orders of magnitude out in your forces. If you run into a "squared" or similar factor anywhere in your terms, the butterfly can suddenly morph to StarGlider size.

    --
    Got time? Spend some of it coding or testing
  22. Re:If you're thinking strictly in terms of gravity by Alsee · · Score: 1

    This planet is 270 times the mass of Earth, or 1.6x10^27 kg.
    The velocity of the planet is 150 km/sec.
    Kinetic energy = 1/2 * mass * velocity^2.
    This planet's kenetic energy = 1.82*10^37 kg(m/sec)^2.

    E=mc^2.
    1.82*10^37 kg * (m/sec)^2 = mc^2.
    1.82*10^37 kg * (m/sec)^2 = m(3*10^8)^2.
    The kinetic energy of this planet is equal to 2^20 kg of pure mass.

    The entire energy output of our sun is 1.4 * 10^17 kg per year.

    You could take our sun and mount it as a (perfect efficency) rocket engine on this planet and it would still take nearly 1,500 years to kill its orbital momentum.

    That is what I meant when I said "Any planet (expecially a Jovian) will have a monsterously large amount of inertial energy in its orbit."

    Any attempt to pour the entire energy output of our sun into a planet would obviously vaporize it almost immediately. The order of magnitue is so monsterously large that any force attempting to do so in less than geological time scales would vaporize the planet first.

    -

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  23. I stand corrected... by leonbrooks · · Score: 1

    ...and awed at the effort you put in against my simple answer. I wasn't thinking of slowing it rocket-style but using magnetic braking. If it had been so braked, one would expect the planet's spin to be magnetically "tide locked" to the primary (like our own Moon) to a much greater extent than could be explained by gravity alone, and one would expect heating of the primary side of the planet in considerably greater degree than could be explained by radiation. I wonder if doppler on the limbs of the planet and/or the planet's spectrum as a whole would be accurate enough to tell us anything about that.

    I would like to try taking lots of spectra at fixed intervals and looking for a wavy set of hot-but-not-stellar hydrogen lines alongside the star's more-or-less invariant stellar hydrogen.

    --
    Got time? Spend some of it coding or testing
    1. Re:I stand corrected... by Alsee · · Score: 1

      I wonder if doppler on the limbs of the planet and/or the planet's spectrum as a whole would be accurate enough to tell us anything about that.

      An excellent idea, except I'm pretty sure it's beyond our capability at the moment. It would be like trying to study the sound spectra of a mosquito orbiting a jet engine. The signal is there, but the engine just too loud and too random.

      There is hope with new interferometer telescopes. They get two simultaneous images and subtract one from the other down below the level of a single wavelength of light. The star noise zeroes itself out leaving just the weak planet signal. Once we get interfereometer telescopes into space we are going to have an amazing rush of planetary studies exacly like you suggest. Spectrocopic analysis might just pick up a biosphere somewhere :) The chemical signal would be clear and unmistakable.

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  24. Aaron Dragushan's gay lover hider. SuperTAF sucks! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Aaron Dragushan's relationship with that Evganja chick is just a front to hide his gay love affair with that liberal moron Adrian / DJ Mischiff.

    And SuperTAF sucks ass...