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Shuttle Surface More Vulnerable Than Suspected

Ant writes "The space shuttle's skin is turning out to be even more fragile than NASA engineers thought, its scientists and engineers say. Impact tests and analysis performed as part of the return-to-flight effort show that pieces of insulating foam that weigh less than half an ounce can cause small cracks and damage to the surface coating on the heat-resistant panels on the leading edge of the wing, agency officials said in interviews this week."

55 comments

  1. Bad Thing(tm) by keiferb · · Score: 1

    Sounds like this could cause another nasty delay in getting the fleet back in orbit. Weren't they supposed to resume flights in the somewhat-near future?

    1. Re:Bad Thing(tm) by Spamsonite · · Score: 1

      That is a really bad thing.

      I've been interviewing for a position in the Neutral Buoyancy Lab at JSC, where for months they have been ramping up to perform mission training for astronauts. The NBL is where the space station and shuttle mockups are submerged under 6.5 million gallons of water to mimick the effects of zero-gravity in EVA, shuttle & station articulating arm, and escape scenarios. While I was there today, one excercise was running, with two astronauts ("suits") in the water. At least one excercise will be running each day for the forseable future, and many days two.

      Needless to say, NASA and all it's subcontractors have invested a lot of time and money with the expectation that shuttle flights will resume as planned. I really want this job, so I hope that there aren't any more program delays!

    2. Re:Bad Thing(tm) by grozzie2 · · Score: 1
      This is all just part of the big 'government funding' game, totally expected. Beaurocrats at Nasa are worried about one thing, maintaining the budget. If they lose another shuttle, the program will end, pure and simple, and that's the end of the vast majority of thier budget. Since the Columbia incident, they have realized an interesting detail, they can maintain the budget, without flying shuttles, and that's a zero risk proposition. The real issue now becomes one of risk management, the longer they go on sucking up the public funds, without actually launching a shuttle, the more risk that the program gets cancelled, and they lose thier precious budget. The key is to find balance in the management of risk. Launching a shuttle involves a 2% chance of mission failure, so to actually launch it, means a 2% chance of losing the entire budget moving forward. The key now then is to manage the 'reasons' for not launching, in such a manner, that there is less risk of program cancellation from not launching, than there is from launching. There will come a time when the risk of program cancellation due to not launching is greater than the risk of a launch. Then and only then, will they finally put the push on, and attempt to launch a shuttle.

      These reports of more insulation problems today are feelers going out into the political community, to see what kind of backlash they are going to get from not launching in May as they currently plan. If the feedback shows the risk of program cancellation due to non launch is greater than the 2% chance of losing the shuttle (historical figures on loss rates), then the launch will proceed. If not, they will delay. they will continue to delay until the risk of program cancellation due to non launch is greater than the risk of actually losing the shuttle during a mission (which will in itself cause program cancellation).

      We are dealing with risk adverse government critters here, this is very predictable. You are going to hear more about problems, and inevitable delays, right up until you hear whispers out of congress to the effect of 'if they dont launch shuttles, why are we giving them all the money for shuttles'. That'll be the day they cast in stone a launch date, and the engineers can say whatever they want, it'll go ahead.

    3. Re:Bad Thing(tm) by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Or maybe there are actual problems and the folks at NASA care about more than just securing funding...

  2. Aging? by Saeed+al-Sahaf · · Score: 1

    Since the skin of the shuttle itself, the tiles, have undergone extensive testing in development, I wonder if this new finding is an original condition, or the result of aging?

    --
    "Who are in control, they are not in control of anything - they don't even control themselves!" - Glen Beck
    1. Re:Aging? by ravenspear · · Score: 3, Informative

      I don't think aging has much to do with it. As I recall, most of the surface components are replaced after each mission and everything is thoroughly inspected for defects/weaknesses.

      It sounds more like a design flaw. The foam issue is something NASA had known about for a while before the Columbia disaster, they just hadn't taken it seriously enough. Kind of the same thing as what happened with Challenger where they knew about the o-ring issue but didn't take it seriously enough either.

    2. Re:Aging? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So you are saying ALL the tiles get replaced???

    3. Re:Aging? by ravenspear · · Score: 1

      I don't remember if it's all or just the ones that they suspect might not be at 100% reliability. I do know that the entire surface is analyzed for a period of weeks and that substantial work on it occurs.

    4. Re:Aging? by Cecil · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I don't think aging has much to do with it. As I recall, most of the surface components are replaced after each mission and everything is thoroughly inspected for defects/weaknesses.

      My question would be whether the replacement tiles are actually new, or whether they've just been sitting in a warehouse for 40 years like most of the other shuttle spare parts.

      The foam issue is something NASA had known about for a while before the Columbia disaster, they just hadn't taken it seriously enough. Kind of the same thing as what happened with Challenger where they knew about the o-ring issue but didn't take it seriously enough either.

      It's easy to say in hindsight that they didn't take it seriously enough. But in reality, it's hard to tell which things need to be taken seriously and which are trivial. And you can't just assume everything is serious -- if you take everything seriously, you're never going to get *anything* done. NASA is and always was way, way, way on the 'better safe than sorry' end of the spectrum, even at the time of the O-ring and foam problems. But they have to draw the line at some point, due to the law of diminishing returns. I think they've gone beyond that line in the aftermath of Columbia, personally.

    5. Re:Aging? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Sounds to me like there talking about the carbon fiber insulation that is on the edges and not the tiles on the wings.

    6. Re:Aging? by ComputerSlicer23 · · Score: 3, Informative
      I don't know about the Columbia accident (it might be a freakish thing), but from the review I've read of the Challenger accident. Two things come to mind:

      Political pressure was put upon NASA to lauch a vehicle during this launch window. I forget the details behindwhat it was. If I remember right, there wasn't another window for several weeks if they missed this one.

      Second, the O-Ring was blantantly known. There's a reason the demonstration the NASA Engineer put on, where he pulled the O-Ring out of water and pulled on it was so blantantly bad. It's my understanding from reading Richard Feynmann's comments that he insisted be added as an appendix to the report, that essentially the right people in NASA knew it was going to blow up. However, they justified it, with "Well the O-Ring is three times as thick as it needs to be, so the problem it is showing where it has a 1/3rd erosion is not a problem". You can read up on it here

      Feynman essesstially accuses them of using previous success as a evidence that all future launches will be a success. That's not good science or good Engineering. I think Columbia was screwed from the moment they made orbit (they might have been able to abort pre-orbit, post foam collision. I'm not sure on that). However, Challenger, they KNEW, they had an important piece behaving oddly in a way they didn't understand, while launching under extreme conditions. That's not being particularly safe.

      While I agree with you on Columbia, I strongly disagree with your characterization of Challenger.

      Also, I'm absolutely positive those parts haven't been sitting in a warehouse since 1965. We were fairly busy with the Mecury and Gemini missions in that time frame. My guess is they got invented no earlier then 1975, and made no early then 1980 or so. I'd have to go look into the history, but I'm reasonable sure the drawing hadn't even been brought out before 1972 or 1973, screw making parts to a specification.

      Kirby

    7. Re:Aging? by Odo · · Score: 2, Informative
      My question would be whether the replacement tiles are actually new, or whether they've just been sitting in a warehouse for 40 years like most of the other shuttle spare parts.

      Yes, they are new. One can't stock spare tiles since each is tile different. Not only are the tiles not interchangable, the orbiters don't have compatible tile layouts. So they are custom built as needed. Until recently they were manufactured by the original facility in Palmdale, California. This made sense since the shuttles were built there. A couple of decades after they stopped building shuttles, Nasa realised that it would make sense to move the tile manufacturing facility to Florida, right next to the orbiter processing facililties. As soon as they completed this new facility, hurricane Frances swept through Florida and ripped the roof off. So Nasa is currently considering whether to reopen the old Palmdale facility.

      Note that "tiles" != "RCC panels". The former are cheap, the latter cost nearly $1m each. Nasa has spares of these (at least they are interchangable between shuttles), but new ones can still be built by Lockeed Martin. Though the staff are starting to look a little old...

    8. Re:Aging? by MeanMF · · Score: 1

      It's not the tiles that have this problem, it's the reinforced carbon-carbon (RCC) pieces on the leading edges of the wings.

  3. space witches by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
    `` I wonder if this new finding is an original condition, or the result of aging? WiccaWeb.com ``

    space witches have been putting hexes on the shuttle. Bibbidy bobbidy boo!

  4. Scratch that idea by MerryGoByeBye · · Score: 1

    Well, so much for that asteroid-womprat-bullseyeing mission they were planning for April, then...

  5. Fly it anyway! by FuturePastNow · · Score: 1, Insightful

    I think it's time to get this shuttle show back on the road. NASA will never be able to fix all of the problems; there are just too many ways a shuttle can explode on launch or burn up on re-entry. Somehow, I don't think that's ever caused NASA any problems with recruiting new astronauts.

    Meanwhile, there's an unfinished space station up there, a dying orbital observatory, and a lot of scientific research that has been put on hold. The shuttle should be returned to flight ASAP and it should be used until NASA or private industry can build an adequate replacement.

    --
    Give a man fire, and you warm him for the night. Set a man on fire, and you warm him for the rest of his life.
    1. Re:Fly it anyway! by tsotha · · Score: 1
      Meanwhile, there's an unfinished space station up there, a dying orbital observatory, and a lot of scientific research that has been put on hold. The shuttle should be returned to flight ASAP and it should be used until NASA or private industry can build an adequate replacement.

      We can do these things more safely and cheaply by buying Soyuz from the Russians. NASA has done quite enough damage to the idea of manned spaceflight. Let them go back to the drawing board and build something that isn't such a kluge.

  6. new materials by fearanddread · · Score: 1

    Sounds like it's time to look for a better material for the wing edges. Something less brittle. Of course, I'm sure they haven't thought of that option already :)

    1. Re:new materials by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      How about slashdotter's skulls.

      Thicker and more resistant to external forces than most man-made materials.

    2. Re:new materials by grozzie2 · · Score: 1

      They need something more heat resistant than that. /. skulls tend to need tin foil for shielding when it gets even slightly warm...

  7. Quick Physics Reminder by ReciprocityProject · · Score: 2, Informative
    Keep in mind that the space shuttle is kind-of tall, and that it accelerates at several Gs, that wind resistance is accelerating the insulation downward, and that this isn't necessarily your household pink-panther fiberglass insulation, and that these tiles are designed to resist heat and pressure, not impact, and that the shuttle is designed to be able to lose several tiles and survive reentry (we assume that Columbia lost more than that many tiles). So if the tiles seem remarkably fragile, just keep those facts in mind.


    Let me say again, this is NOTHING like dropping the pink-panther stuff out of your second story window and breaking a ceramic dinner plate that you left on the ground.

    1. Re:Quick Physics Reminder by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Columbia's leading edge was damaged. It's not covered with tiles. It's made of reinforced carbon-carbon (RCC) composite.

    2. Re:Quick Physics Reminder by ReciprocityProject · · Score: 1

      Oops. So, this is NOTHING like dropping the pink-panther stuff from your second story window onto some reinforced carbon-carbon composite that you left on the ground. I apologize for my failure to fully research that point.

  8. More vulnerable than suspected? by Pan+T.+Hose · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    Does it have windows?

    --
    Sincerely,
    Pan Tarhei Hosé, PhD.
    "Homo sum et cogito ergo odi profanum vulgus et libido."
  9. Only found this out now?! by Andy+Gardner · · Score: 1

    This would imply over 80 missions have been flown without informaton as to what extent impacts to the tiles would damage them?
    I know the shuttle flies with the engines facing prograde while on orbit to minimise the risk of orbital debris, so you would expect the chance of impact to be small. Still I would have thought if there is a chance an analysis would have been done.
    Come on! You're NASA for Christ's sake! You're the ones who come up with this shit! Why I bet you have a bunch of guys sitting around somewhere right now just thinking shit up, and somebody backing them up.

  10. Another reason it should be scrapped. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

    Materials science, airframe design, computational testing and avionics have come a very long way since the shuttles were first conceived, designed and flown (the shuttle program was started in 1972, and it first flew in 1981). And then it was designed by commitee - it had so many goals that it didn't hit any of them. If I remember correctly: NASA wanted it to carry cargo to space stations (practical and forward-thinking), the government wanted it to carry people (manned space travel is glamorous), the military wanted it to be self-sustained and able to launch military payloads (what else?) with no external help on top-secret missions - which also means able to launch payloads to geosyncronous orbits, etc.

    And it all adds up to something that's more of a compromise than a solution. Even when it was new, the shuttle wasn't very good at anything. It was too heavy, too complicated and had capabilities that were too limited.

    It's the sort of complications cause by simply maintaining the shuttle (such as the tiles) that make a strong case for simply scrapping the existing shuttle. The efforts, energy and money should be spent on a replacement - and a sane replacement.

    For example, modern metal alloys and fabrication techniques can construct spacecraft hulls that are light, strong, and can directly withstand the heat of re-entry. No ceramic tiles are needed - it's inefficient to keep fixing them when they should be replaced and the shuttles retired to a museum

    (Or the slightly mad Star Trek solution: re-fit them, then send them up as salvage barges for an orbital dockyard, never to re-enter the atmosphere again).

  11. Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Bob_Robertson · · Score: 2, Interesting

    This is a kluge, made by the lowest bidder that would build facilities in favored politicians districts, hamstrung by bureaucrats and inane regulation at every turn. The design was loaded with "everything for everyone" until it was a miracle that if flew at all.

    I admire the individual scientists and engineers that could make progress in this environment. No wonder they burn out at such a rate.

    Scrap the entire system, sell off NASA to the highest bidders, and have done with it. Putting more lives at risk on those craft is pointless. Any private effort wouldn't be able to afford the liability insurance for craft like those, aren't you glad it's your tax money being spent to kill people instead?

    If there is overwhelming support for such efforts, there is no need for taxes to taken at gun point to fund them. If the programs do not have such public support, there is no mandate for government to be doing it in the first place.

    Bob-

    --
    The Ludwig von Mises Institute. The reasoning individuals economics
    1. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Profane+MuthaFucka · · Score: 1

      Sure the shuttle needs to be retired, but not because it was built cheaply. That's because it *wasn't* built cheaply.

      Do you know for a fact that the sole selection criteria for the contract was lowest price? Or are you just embellishing the punchline for an old joke?

      If anything, the shuttle needs to retired not because it's cheap, but because it's too expensive. NASA on the other hand needs more money. More money from taxpayers. Public money, in bucketloads, for NASA, is what I will vote for.

      --
      Fascism trolls keeping me up every night. When I starts a preachin', he HITS ME WITH HIS REICH!
    2. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Bob_Robertson · · Score: 0, Flamebait

      You are more than welcome to give all your money to NASA if that is what you want to do.

      I resent that you think it's ok to hold a gun to my head, taking my money to pay for something merely because you approve of it. Were I to do the same, you would object and call it "theft". Hypocrite.

      Taxation is a perfect example of the ends justifying the means.

      Bob-

      --
      The Ludwig von Mises Institute. The reasoning individuals economics
    3. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Profane+MuthaFucka · · Score: 1

      Most of your wealth that you have you owe to others. I resent that you take from the public pool, use public services, and don't want to pay for them. Yes, that's you. Pay for what you use. If you're thinking that you're not using, then you need to look a little harder.

      --
      Fascism trolls keeping me up every night. When I starts a preachin', he HITS ME WITH HIS REICH!
    4. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Bob_Robertson · · Score: 0, Offtopic

      I owe NOTHING to others. I carry no debt. Your argument is one of greed and averace for things that others produce that you want. Envy.

      Freedom also means that no one is required to trade with me. They choose to buy what I sell, and sell to me what I wish to buy. I neither demand that they give me something just because I want it, nor does anyone (except leaches like you) demand that I give to them merely because they want it.

      Rather than deligate the act to others, you try going to people and robbing them like an honest thief. Voting away other peoples money is cowardice in the extreme, because you don't have to soil your hands with the collection.

      Bob-

      --
      The Ludwig von Mises Institute. The reasoning individuals economics
    5. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Profane+MuthaFucka · · Score: 0, Troll

      Yes, You owe much much more than you think. For example, the very reason that you're sitting in front of a computer instead of on your front porch with a shotgun is that the government keeps track of who owns what property. You don't have to chase everyone who steps on your land off, because you don't have to occupy your land around the clock to keep it.

      The fact that you think you're an island unto yourself is just silly. You wouldn't even be posting here if you lived in the same region of Pakistan that OBL is running around in. That's because you wouldn't have all your fellow citizens giving you a leg up in life. You owe us, all of us. You take, well, you gotta pay.

      I think that your taxes should double, and it would be the most moral thing to happen to you. We demand because you owe it. It's not services that you might use, it's for services that you already used up, and you have to pay for. A MAN pays for what he uses, don't you agree?

      --
      Fascism trolls keeping me up every night. When I starts a preachin', he HITS ME WITH HIS REICH!
    6. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Bob_Robertson · · Score: 1

      "We demand because you owe it."

      Who is "we"? Let me guess, the folks with the biggest guns?

      Allow me a prophecy: You're going to scream like a stuck pig about your "rights" and your "innocence" when those same guns are pointed at you to take your property against your will. I suggest you do not come crawling to me for help when it happens.

      Your use of defense of property is as a justification for government is curious, because the government expropriates property at will. They are indeed the foxes left, by such cowards as yourself, to supposedly guard the chicken coop. If this is your idea of proof of the importance of intrusive government, your logic and rhetoric instructors must be turning over in their graves. Unless, of course, they were government employees. In that case, they did their job perfectly.

      "A MAN pays for what he uses, don't you agree?"

      Indeed. Which is why you only demonstrate your own cowardice and impotence by deligating the messy task of collecting the stolen property of your neighbors to others.

      Your whole social debt thing is demonstrably false. By its own premise, everyone cancels everyone else out. If I owe you, you also owe me. A logical zero.

      So even using your own argument, the only thing left to civilized men is to not initiate force against each other. That is a concept you would be well served to meditate upon.

      Bob-

      --
      The Ludwig von Mises Institute. The reasoning individuals economics
    7. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Profane+MuthaFucka · · Score: 1

      OK, let's get this straight.

      You put yourself forward as a man unto himself, responsible for his own destiny, owing nothing to anybody but himself. Yet, you fall so easily into a troll. Seems like when push comes to shove, you're going to be one of the first to get duped and wind up in a government bread line.

      Yep, taxing people like you is BETTER than sex.

      --
      Fascism trolls keeping me up every night. When I starts a preachin', he HITS ME WITH HIS REICH!
    8. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Bob_Robertson · · Score: 1

      There have been many such people, such as you state you are, for which power over others is their highest, or only, pleasure. Rapists, for instance.

      I repeat my statement: Stand up for your beliefs and do the dirty work yourself. Rob your neighbors face to face like an honest thief instead of cowardly hiding behind faceless bureaucracy.

      All I ask is that you be honest in your averice. Your refusal only further demonstrates what kind of coward you are.

      Bob-

      --
      The Ludwig von Mises Institute. The reasoning individuals economics
    9. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Profane+MuthaFucka · · Score: 0, Troll

      And I repeat my statement. Someone who is as easily trolled as you will very quickly lose everything to the first scam artist that comes along.

      You, with your big man talk, are the first candidate for the welfare line.

      And pay your taxes, you fucking deadbeat.

      --
      Fascism trolls keeping me up every night. When I starts a preachin', he HITS ME WITH HIS REICH!
    10. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Bob_Robertson · · Score: 1

      Someone who is as easily trolled as you...

      Are you calling yourself a liar, a deliberate fool, or a con artist?

      Do tell, what do you think you've won by demonstrating your ability to make stupid and infuriating statements?

      Getting very serious, have you thought about what you're doing with your time? Your time is all you have, and the idea that your jollies are made by "trolling" is sad. Very sad.

      I pity you. I really do.

      Bob-

      --
      The Ludwig von Mises Institute. The reasoning individuals economics
    11. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Profane+MuthaFucka · · Score: 0, Flamebait

      Liar? Fool? Con artist? I am all three. And, I just shot a load of cum in your wife's eye. NOW who is the fool?

      As far as what I do with my time... it may take YOU three days to come up with your "witty" replies, but it seriously takes me 3 seconds to reply to you.

      Cock suck. Pay your taxes, bitch. You're going to need the welfare system to prop you up when the roof on your trailer caves in and wipes out your savings.

      You can't even avoid a troll, so why should anyone believe your macho talk that you don't need welfare and the government is stealing your money from you. Boo Hoo, suck it up, loser.

      --
      Fascism trolls keeping me up every night. When I starts a preachin', he HITS ME WITH HIS REICH!
    12. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Bob_Robertson · · Score: 1

      My, you are so fierce. Lions must quake at your approach.

      And your command of the English language? Sufficiently descriptive words elude me. I'm in awe.

      I have no wish for you to believe me, I merely ask that you be honest in your thievery by not deligating the dirty work of collecting the spoils of piracy you call "taxes" to fund the programs you like.

      Rob me face to face, instead of hiding behind the courage of others. Is it really so much to ask?

      Bob-

      --
      The Ludwig von Mises Institute. The reasoning individuals economics
    13. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Profane+MuthaFucka · · Score: 0, Offtopic

      OK, I'll rob you face to face. But I won't fuck you that way, sorry.

      Here's what you have to do: pay your taxes. If you have to sell your trailer and whore out your daughters, then do so. But you aren't going to freeload on the rest of us, you lazy motherfucker.

      --
      Fascism trolls keeping me up every night. When I starts a preachin', he HITS ME WITH HIS REICH!
    14. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Bob_Robertson · · Score: 1

      So you think someone who doesn't rob their neighbors at gun point is a "freeloader"?

      I looked up "freeloader", and it actually means people like you who live off of the labor of others. Your advocacy of coercion of others to your benefit is a perfect example of "freeloading".

      Have you ever seen a dictionary? It is a way to look up the meaning of words. I recommend you get one. Your lack of literacy is causing you to make a laughing stock of yourself.

      Bob-

      --
      The Ludwig von Mises Institute. The reasoning individuals economics
    15. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Profane+MuthaFucka · · Score: 0, Troll

      You know what? I can do this all day long. I'll cum in your eye, then cum again.

      I am trolling you, and you are too stupid to know it. I'm even telling you that I am trolling you.

      Who is laughing at who? Haha, you are amusing.

      Now, pay your fucking taxes, you ignorant lazy son of a bitch. April 15th, don't forget.

      --
      Fascism trolls keeping me up every night. When I starts a preachin', he HITS ME WITH HIS REICH!
    16. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      NASA, like the national park service, all social services, Public Education, public Transportation, welfare, government owned Colleges such as Ivy Tech, IU, Michigan State, etc are all unconstitutional and must be abolished. The Social Security surplus needs to be put into paying off the national debt, after that, sell all of the national parks that will take better care than the fucking government, NASA, any equipment, buildings and land from abolishing all of the unconstitutional government programs and services and put the money into the national debt. Once that happens and there is a surplus, give all citizens that work for a living a tax refund, not to the worthless freeloaders such as yourself.

      Going by your profile name, I think that's why you don't want to vote Libertarian, because you depend on the government to give you money. In the bible, it says "If you don't work, you don't eat" , of which "can't work" falls under "don't work". Translation "If you don't work, you don't eat, if you can't work, you don't eat, you die" That's one thing that the atheists agree with on the bible "because that's describes social Darwinism"

    17. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Profane+MuthaFucka · · Score: 1

      Bob Robertson, pay your fucking taxes, you fucking deadbeat.

      --
      Fascism trolls keeping me up every night. When I starts a preachin', he HITS ME WITH HIS REICH!
    18. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Why, so the worthless trash such as yourself can live off of Bob's sweat and tears without working yourself? Are you afraid that once the unconstitutional programs stop, that you will have to live under a bridge somewhere until the day you die? Remember, the way to utopia is Survival of the Fittest, not Survival of the Worthless

      You see, NASA, and almost all government programs and services are unconstitutional. Don't believe me? Just take a look at the 9th and 10th ammendments of the constitution.

    19. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Profane+MuthaFucka · · Score: 1

      If you didn't bite on every troll I post, then you could earn some money to pay your tax bill like a real man.

      A suggestion: start charging by the cumshot.

      --
      Fascism trolls keeping me up every night. When I starts a preachin', he HITS ME WITH HIS REICH!
    20. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So, apparently we no only have a lazy bum here, but we also have a coward. Run, little boy, run, go to the government to protect your worthless ass. Oh, wait, Republicans are gaining in strength and so are Libertarians.

      The reason why they are is because people are getting tired of worthless scum such as yourself freeloading off of others. Here in a few years, we will go from a country that relies on Social Services to a nation that relies on Social Darwinism. That will be a glorious day. Not only will you have to find a job, you will also have to compete for the job because Affirmative Action and the EEoC will both be abolished. So looks like you will have to get yourself get an education somehow on your own. Oh, wait, you're so stupid that your spell like a 6 year old child, a 7 year old could read even better than you, and your math skills probably couldn't even use a calculator let alone possess any basic math skills. Looks like the day has just about come where you are going to have to sink or swim, before that time comes, best if you just kindly go jump off a bridge somewhere so you won't have to suffer in the future. "and so we, the tax payer wount have to pay for you being in prison somewhere, again freeloading off of someone."

    21. Re:Public Choice raises its ugly head. by Profane+MuthaFucka · · Score: 1

      Bob, if I were having a party, I'd definitely invite you to stand by the punch bowl and annoy all the other guests with your constant gum flapping.

      Now pay your taxes, bitch. April 15th, don't forget.

      BTW, your little game of getting me to post in order to mod me down won't work. My karma is still great. It is, in fact, still ME who is trolling YOU.

      --
      Fascism trolls keeping me up every night. When I starts a preachin', he HITS ME WITH HIS REICH!
  12. Paint the Tank? by bill_mcgonigle · · Score: 1

    Wouldn't painting the main fuel tank (like they used to do) create a smoother surface and make it less likely for ice to stick to the craft in the first place? If you have less ice falling on the craft it's probably healthier.

    I know, the paint weights 600 pounds... but at least it survives. Spray it down with lard, even, if that works better, something to smooth and hydrophob the surface.

    --
    My God, it's Full of Source!
    OUTSIDE_IP=$(dig +short my.ip @outsideip.net)
    1. Re:Paint the Tank? by Hack+Jandy · · Score: 1

      I used to have a professor who was an ex-NASA engineer. When the paint thing came up in class one day he gave us this explanation:

      The reason why the paint was scrapped was not because it was 600lbs lighter, but beccause NASA came under pressure from environmental agencies to reduce the amount of toxic chemicals in the air as the rocket went into orbit and also when it blissfully burns up in the atmosphere.

  13. What about bird? Baloon? Micrometeor? by marat · · Score: 1
    Limiting foam piece size does not seem to be a solution: micrometeor collisions happen quite often, there said to be several occurences with Mir station. Probably systems like shuttle should be tolerant to a single pointary fail or damage.

    Also this part was quite funny:
    NASA has been firing pieces of foam from a nitrogen-powered cannon into reinforced carbon carbon.

    In fact, Dr. Curry said, NASA has not been able to conduct impact tests on pieces of foam lighter than six-hundredths of a pound, because the cannon destroys the foam, and so the potential damage caused by the lighter, smaller pieces has been extrapolated from computer models.
    What about just dropping them on? This was the problem after all.
    1. Re:What about bird? Baloon? Micrometeor? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The foam wasn't dropped onto the shuttle. The shuttle was accelerating into the foam with a few G's. Just dropping the foam isn't going to work.

    2. Re:What about bird? Baloon? Micrometeor? by lachlan76 · · Score: 1

      Dropping them on the tile...at 800km/h.

  14. Questions by pipingguy · · Score: 1


    - what is Aerogel

    - where is the foam used and why. Is evacuated perlite used in the annular space for the cryo tanks?

    Basic ignorant questions, I'm just asking.

    1. Re:Questions by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      I believe most of the Aerogel in the Stardust mission shattered when the craft crashed.

      The foam is used on the outside of the main fuel tank to prevent ice from forming on it (the tank is extremely cold due to the liquid hydrogen and oxygen).