Slashdot Mirror


Quantum Computing for Dummies

Chillers writes "There seems to be a need for an undergraduate text on Quantum Computing. I've had a go at writing one, but in my opinion, it still needs work. The book is available available online (pdf) and any comments would be greatly appreciated."

60 comments

  1. Slashdot post with link to a pdf via a DSL link? by malakai · · Score: 3, Informative

    here, save this kid from being unable to use his DSL for the next 8 hours:

    http://home.swiftdsl.com.au.nyud.net:8090/~chiller s/TOQCv1_0.pdf [Coral Link]

  2. Dear Slashdot by EnderWigginsXenocide · · Score: 1, Funny

    Please do my homework for me.

    --
    Blessed are the pessimists, for they have made backups. -- 0 1 My two bits
    1. Re:Dear Slashdot by Red+Pointy+Tail · · Score: 1

      Oh come on. All he's asking for is constructive comments on how to improve it. I've just taken a look at the pdf and there had really a lot of serious effort already put into this, and putting it up for free... whooo, it can only be a labour of love. Plus there's a kick-ass Chapter 1 summarizing computational theory from Babbage & Ada through Turing up to when quantum mechanics come into the picture.

      Bearing in mind this is written as an armchair guide for the uninitiated (and should not be bogged down with the complex or minutae), I must say it is a very commendable effort. Very well done, Chillers!

    2. Re:Dear Slashdot by Chillers · · Score: 1

      Why thanks very much,

      We have a subsidised canteen at work, where you can get almost everything for around 2-4 bucks. You can get fish, burgers, salad, pies, pastries, etc. all manner of culinary delights! The food is not great, but it's more than acceptable. It's kind of like the standard you'd get at an independently owned burger store, or a little sandwich store. Anyway, nobody praises the food - all I hear is complaints about how it is crap. People forget (or ignore) that they only paid $2 for their beef stroganoff.

      It's the same with the internet, we get all this stuff for free we forget (or ignore) that someone put in maybe 6 months of solid work to write that document or free piece of software.

      Having said that, I do enjoy reading a well constructed, witty insult that's directed at me - as it requires real effort. So flame away people.

      Thanks also for your comments on chapter 1.

    3. Re:Dear Slashdot by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Anyway, nobody praises the food - all I hear is complaints about how it is crap. People forget (or ignore) that they only paid $2 for their beef stroganoff.

      I used to work at a place that similarly had a subsidized cafeteria. The food was crap, and everybody knew it, yet most ate there. Frequently at lunch you could hear the comment "Geez, this is *terrible*....then again, i only paid two bucks for it".

  3. Dear Slashdot, I have written a book ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Film at 11!

    1. Re:Dear Slashdot, I have written a book ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This is not even a book, just an article, and quite a boring one at that. And why the link to PDF? You would think that when someone has to spam Slashdot with his own articles, he'd at least be intelligent enough to link to a HTML version... As someone once wisely put it: "Do you fuckin speak the mothafackin web?!"

    2. Re:Dear Slashdot, I have written a book ... by rekenner · · Score: 0

      Because it would be a pain in the ass to convert the entire thing to HTML? Just a thought.

    3. Re:Dear Slashdot, I have written a book ... by Chillers · · Score: 1

      Indeed, the result is less than acceptable. Thanks.

  4. There goes his bandwidth. by stealth24 · · Score: 1

    He's about to get Slashdotted to hell... Let's get some more mirrors going. I would, but I'm banished to the land of 56k right now...

    1. Re:There goes his bandwidth. by fm6 · · Score: 1

      Take another look at that URL. That's not his personal machine, is one of those shared hosting machines that ISPs provide. Probably more susceptible to Slashdotting than most servers, but right now it's responding fine.

    2. Re:There goes his bandwidth. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If someone is stupid enough to post a link to PDF (WTF is wrong with HTML???) on his own server while said server is unable to deal with it, then slashdotting is just a TCP/IP version of natural selection, where the stupidest individuals have to die. Get over it.

    3. Re:There goes his bandwidth. by Chillers · · Score: 1

      Thanks for your concern, but SwiftDSL are not reporting any problems (I called them to make sure there would be no bandwidth problems).

    4. Re:There goes his bandwidth. by Teancum · · Score: 1

      Since this wasn't posted on the "main" page, he might have a little bit of salvation here. Still, even with those that know to check different sections and are into "science" would still provide a huge load on any server. The PDF file comes in at about 2 Megs of data... not huge but enough to cause some problems if it is downloaded 1000+ times.

    5. Re:There goes his bandwidth. by fm6 · · Score: 1

      Still, most decent web servers can handle a load like that. Nowadays when you see a server brought down by the Slashdot effect, it's usually because there's an amateur running it.

    6. Re:There goes his bandwidth. by Chillers · · Score: 1

      Well it's not my own server and the HTMLized version looks lame. Initially I would have said that you were lame, but on reflection the comment about TCP/IP and natural selection is pretty funny.

  5. Do I get college credit.... by elecngnr · · Score: 3, Informative

    is my first response after looking at the PDF.

    Seriously though, giving it a quick look, it seems that is it thorough. As I know something about Shannon and his work, I am interested to see what the implications of quantum computing are wrt channel capacity, entropy, and error correcting codes in general. I have a feeling that will take a more involved reading that I have time for at this moment.

    --
    Having done so much with so little for so long, I now can do anything with nothing at all.
    1. Re:Do I get college credit.... by erichill · · Score: 3, Interesting
      Thorough indeed.

      I was looking at the math section and glad to find an introduction to unitarity, but I wonder if someone who needs an introduction to complex numbers, polynomials, matrices, etc., is going to be able to absorb quantum mechanics in the same read. However, since my mathematical background only covers the first n, where n < page_count, pages of that chapter, it's probably a good call not to make assumptions and start from the beginning. Besides many of us with mathematical backgrounds, like me, get rusty after years of work which doesn't call for much math.

      I heartily agree with other posts that this stuff looks like good wikipaedia fodder, probably across many entries. I also wonder if some of this might be able to contribute to Eric Weisstein's sites. He still has quite a few entries that can be added to.

      --
      Credo sim. - I think I am.
    2. Re:Do I get college credit.... by Chillers · · Score: 1

      Thanks, the chapter on Info. Theory needs work. I've heard some recent work has been done with quantum entropy which would suggest that von Neumann (and von Neumann entropy) is/was at least partially wrong.

    3. Re:Do I get college credit.... by Chillers · · Score: 1

      Thanks, my math was a little rusty too and I had to revise. The idea was to have a 'self contained' volume, for people who don't like getting off the couch to consult other texts. Obviously it still needs work, this first attempt is more of a 'framework'.

      As for wikipaedia the entries on QC could do with a little 'dumbing down'.

  6. Why don't you... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    ...upload it as a Wiki, and let the entire world take a crack at it?

    This process, akin to the open source development process, is how Wikipedia has accumulated so many factually accurate, well researched, and well written articles.

    1. Re:Why don't you... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Score:5, Funny

    2. Re:Why don't you... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Stupid mods. I was trolling. TROLLING.

    3. Re:Why don't you... by Chillers · · Score: 1

      Good idea - I thought I'd let my fellow slashdotters have a look first and give me some comments before releasing it to a wider audience. It's hard to get people to actually proof read something like this, and I knew (hoped) that it'd get slammed constructively if I put it on /. first.

      So after scraping up the shards of my shattered ego I can fix all the issues and with help (hopefully) release v1.1 to something like Wiki.

    4. Re:Why don't you... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Original poster here. Dude, don't bother putting it up as a Wiki. I guess the mods didn't notice the sarcasm, or haven't tried to use Wikipedia. "Factually accurate, well researched, and well written" indeed.

  7. More Mirrors? by BinaryLobster · · Score: 1
    Don't bother. Just mention somewhere that it is 250 pages.

    At that length I doubt most /.ers will actually read before commenting.

    --

    insert some trivial link here

    1. Re:More Mirrors? by stealth24 · · Score: 1

      You say this like it's a bad thing. The text is huge and in-depth; this topic wouldn't have any posts for quite a while if we all didn't post until we read it.

  8. Acknowledgements by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

    Are you going to acknowledge all of us in the Preface of the completed work?

    "The author also acknowledges slashdot users 'CaptButtPlug', 'PsychoticPenguin', and 'SqlPrincess' for their comments on an earlier draft of this work."
    1. Re:Acknowledgements by Chillers · · Score: 1

      hehe, sure - any handles, pseudonyms, nics, etc. are acceptible. Anything but 'Anonymous Coward'.

    2. Re:Acknowledgements by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Anything but 'Anonymous Coward'.
      *sniff* (Btw, this is a different AC.) Anyway, you might want to fix the following grammatical errors at the bottom of page 27:
      4. The fast particles end up on the left hand side , the slow on the right. The demon make a temperature difference without doing any work (which violates [the] second law of thermodynamics).
    3. Re:Acknowledgements by Chillers · · Score: 1

      Awesome! You found an error. Thanks bud, i'll fix that asap.

  9. Really? by Pan+T.+Hose · · Score: 1

    More Mirrors? Don't bother. Just mention somewhere that it is 250 pages. At that length I doubt most /.ers will actually read before commenting.

    Are you seriously suggesting that anyone would comment an article without reading it when it is 250 pages? I hope those lazy slashdotters would read at least 50 pages. (By the way, please let me introduce myself. I am new here.)

    --
    Sincerely,
    Pan Tarhei Hosé, PhD.
    "Homo sum et cogito ergo odi profanum vulgus et libido."
    1. Re:Really? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

      Dont worry, by the third time this thing gets posted someone will have read it.

    2. Re:Really? by EnderWigginsXenocide · · Score: 1

      (By the way, please let me introduce myself. I am new here.) No you're not....he is New Here

      --
      Blessed are the pessimists, for they have made backups. -- 0 1 My two bits
  10. Posted to Other Groups? by runningoutofnickname · · Score: 3, Informative

    Impressive!! Did you also post your request through Google Groups and perhaps some Yahoo! groups? I have found these groups to be excellent sources of advice and resources. For example, one reference was to http://www.rocketscientists.ca, which just happens to keep me within one click of most of the links I happen to like (including links to stories also posted here).

    --
    Regards, Robert Miller http://www.rocketscientists.ca/
    1. Re:Posted to Other Groups? by Chillers · · Score: 1

      Thanks, I have not tried google groups yet but it is available @

      QC4Dummies

      This is a nice little group whose members have been very helpful.

  11. comments... by s/nemisis · · Score: 2, Interesting

    ok well i have to admit that i haven't read the entire text, but here is what i've noticed so far. you seem to be a little light on information across the entire book. lets take an example. You discuss how fo fine sin(x) in 3.4.1 which is fine, i would not have, its a bit trivial, but then when you were discussing complex numbers in 3.6, you didn't discuss the rather troublesome third quadrant, and show z* and e^i(pi) in like one line, right after a shaded box at the bottom of the page, asking for students to read over it without absorbing them. also there are no self test questions, no example questions, nothing. this book needs work, but is an awesome start. now you need to work on getting the subtle details that students will miss, get them either in questions, examples, or complete explanation.

    that's just how i feel though,
    yel02

    --
    -=gabe2=- macbook dual 2.0
    1. Re:comments... by s/nemisis · · Score: 2, Interesting

      i read further and chapters 4 to 6 were very good giving history and lots of good information. and above i stated no example questions, that wasn't fully correct there are example questions, i meant more like .... review questions (question with answer but you have to arrive at it yourself). or like self test questions. I would like to see some complex or moderate questions placed in that test if you understand the concepts. i further didn't see shrodingers eq explicitly written. i didn't see probability densaties and potential barriers. they may not be important to understanding concepts, but could be if you decide to try to build one. like say you want to trap two particals and entangle them, and confine them. you need to know about potential barriers. ok i'm just babbeling now. but great work..

      --
      -=gabe2=- macbook dual 2.0
    2. Re:comments... by Chillers · · Score: 1

      Agreed - rather than leaving out some of the easier parts of chapter 3 (as some people have suggested), more should go in. It was hard to know where to stop with stuff like complex numbers. It seems to me that the coverage of basics is still a bit superficial.

      My main incentive for doing this was that it hadn't (from what I'd seen) been done before. Coming from a Com Sci background myself I find it useful, even now, to have the elementary math close at hand to use as a reference.

    3. Re:comments... by Chillers · · Score: 1

      I agree again. A textbook needs review questions. This I'd like to do, the trouble is that the answers need to be provided! In an email from Michael Nielsen (of QC and QI fame) he stated that he is bombarded with requests for answers to the review questions in his book (QC and QI). Coming up with questions, and answers is hard. It's time consuming and someone needs to check them thoroughly (so I'd need help). I'm sure there must be some mistakes in the grey boxes in the current text.

      As for your other point, yeah, stuff like Shroedinger's equation is missing. But it needs calculus... imagine how large chapter 3 would have to become.

    4. Re:comments... by s/nemisis · · Score: 1

      yeah the math review for shrodingers eq would be intense, but i think simply exposing the readers to it, and giving a nice qualatative explination of it and what implications there are due to it.

      --
      -=gabe2=- macbook dual 2.0
  12. Re:Slashdot post with link to a pdf via a DSL link by Chillers · · Score: 2, Informative

    Thanks, It's not hosted by me personally. The SwiftDSL servers themselves are copping the hits. My DSL link is not affected.

  13. Wikibooks by FleaPlus · · Score: 2, Interesting

    There's actually a Wikipedia-related project called Wikibooks, dedicated to using the wiki process to collaboratively create textbooks. I think the OP's work would be an excellent contribution to this project.

    1. Re:Wikibooks by Teancum · · Score: 2, Interesting

      I've actually written some stuff on Wikibooks. A book like this would be a huge win for Wikibooks, and I want to add my voice to suggest this approach.

      If not that, then at least look at Light and Matter by Benjamin Crowell This is an excellent undergraduate Physics textbook that is released under the GFDL. At the time he created the textbook, Wikibooks wasn't available, so he created his own infrastructure to get it going. Mr. Crowell is very approachable as well. If the author of this Quantum Computing textbook wants to go it alone, at least register this book with Crowell's free book registry and review guide.

      I am not so sure that /. is the best forum for something like this, due to the fact that it takes some time to grok this book, and unfortunately is a little above the heads of far too many /. readers. In addition, the nitpicking that needs to be done to get something like this going should at least be done chapter by chapter.

      For example, in Chapter One there is an incorrect remark about Gordon Moore's Law. He originally proposed a doubling every year, then suggested in a subsequent talk it would slow to double chip density (and much else) every two years. Some biographers and industry journalists were the ones that split the difference and made it 18 months. It is stuff like this that in a textbook situation can help to prepetuate misinformation, not to mention how this can open a can of worms if you are not careful, even though the discussion of Moore's Law is appropriate for the subject matter.

  14. Mirror of PDF by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    Posted anonymously to prevent karma-whoring:

    http://www.its.caltech.edu/~neilh/TOQCv1_0.pdf

  15. Exactly why... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    ... would an undergraduate student that prepares for his work in the field need to study an obscure, completely irrelevant, and virtual method of programming things that can barely count to 10?

    1. Re:Exactly why... by NonSequor · · Score: 1

      Because some undergraduates are preparing for theoretical work.

      Other students may benefit as well. Before the end of a college graduate's career this may be relevent, even if it is a long way down the road. Having some basic understanding of it can't hurt.

      --
      My only political goal is to see to it that no political party achieves its goals.
  16. not a review, but some thoughts by SurG · · Score: 2, Interesting
    I have my doubts about this book. I just can't quite figure out what is the target audience here. First 100 pages or so (which is almost half) are dedicated to overview of elementary math and physics. I would certainly agree that it is necessary to reiterate through some fundametals like Turing Machine, but one that is unfamiliar with simlpe basics like eigenvalues or complex numbers should probably stay away from not obvious topics like quantum computing.

    I know you this issue is addressed in the introduction, even more, it is kind of the point of the book, however, I have serious doubts about how well it is going to work out. People who are so unfamiliar with basic math, even after becoming somewhat familiar with it after first chapters of the book, probably still are not going to be able to apply that math or even comprehend chapters, in which that math is used. The book is pretty much iterating through about two years of full-time studies of student majoring in physics, so I don't think there are so many people who are able to soak that information up quickly and then be able to use that knowledge. If one wants to write Hamiltonians, he must know linear algebra, complex numbers, etc. There is no way around it.

    Let me illustrate what I mean. There is, for example, conservation of energy, which is quite clear and intuitive concept that can be grasped by any high school student. Quite a lot of things can be explained or illustrated by applying it and it will still be easy to understand. However, if one would attempt to go deeper and try to approach teaching it from the invariant principles, that's going to bring quite a lot of complicated things with it, including math (symmetry, Hamiltonians, 3j symbols, you name it). Not only high school students, but majority of undergrads will be simply overwhelmed and confused, not educated.

    The way I see it there are probably only two choices. One is to assume certain knowledge possessed by reader. However, the idea of the book is quite opposite. That pretty much leaves the author with second option, which is qualitative, conceptual discussion with possible references to more detailed, quantative analysis sources. Unfortunately, that is outstandingly hard task. Book like that would be terrific and would probably boost the interest for the field from a lot of students (GEB, anyone?)

    I certainly appreciate the effort though. As soon as the never-ending crunch-time at work is over, I will try to read the book and provide some more feedback (of somewhat dubious value).

    1. Re:not a review, but some thoughts by Chillers · · Score: 1
      Thanks for your thoughts, here are some responses:
      I have my doubts about this book. I just can't quite figure out what is the target audience here. First 100 pages or so (which is almost half) are dedicated to overview of elementary math and physics. I would certainly agree that it is necessary to reiterate through some fundametals like Turing Machine, but one that is unfamiliar with simlpe basics like eigenvalues or complex numbers should probably stay away from not obvious topics like quantum computing.

      I know you this issue is addressed in the introduction, even more, it is kind of the point of the book, however, I have serious doubts about how well it is going to work out. People who are so unfamiliar with basic math, even after becoming somewhat familiar with it after first chapters of the book, probably still are not going to be able to apply that math or even comprehend chapters, in which that math is used. The book is pretty much iterating through about two years of full-time studies of student majoring in physics, so I don't think there are so many people who are able to soak that information up quickly and then be able to use that knowledge. If one wants to write Hamiltonians, he must know linear algebra, complex numbers, etc. There is no way around it.
      There seems to be 2 distinct groups here - the physicists and the computer scientists. In my experience there are individuals from both groups that would like to know about QC. The physicists have a distinct advantage over the computer scientists as they generally have the math and the physics to quite easily break through that intellectual barrier which separates most of us from understanding quantum parallelism. The computer scientists on the other hand are stuffed! I come from the latter group. Having done an undergraduate degree in Com Sci (some time ago now) I had some of the math (some linear algebra - NOT complex vector spaces), and a little physics (with only Pop-Sci and self taught QM). But I'd forgotten most of this stuff anyway! So I wrote down everything as I learnt, or revised it - basically starting right from the start. I then attempted to also fill in the 'Com Sci' gaps so that there was no bias toward my group.
      The way I see it there are probably only two choices. One is to assume certain knowledge possessed by reader. However, the idea of the book is quite opposite. That pretty much leaves the author with second option, which is qualitative, conceptual discussion with possible references to more detailed, quantative analysis sources. Unfortunately, that is outstandingly hard task. Book like that would be terrific and would probably boost the interest for the field from a lot of students (GEB, anyone?)
      Agreed, the second option is the holy grail - what we should be aiming for. I don't think that's been achieved with my work, but it's what I want us to achieve. So the text that been presented is more of a 'rough draft' or prototype for a lay-oriented uber text.
      I certainly appreciate the effort though. As soon as the never-ending crunch-time at work is over, I will try to read the book and provide some more feedback (of somewhat dubious value).
      Likewise, it's hard to find the time to work on the next version (work issues also). Anyhow, thanks for your comments.

      p.s. I should add that I didn't do it all myself, on my own steam as I may have implied. Brain Lederer helped me with almost every aspect of it - he has a PHD in QM and is an expert in information theory - one of the lucky members of both groups.
    2. Re:not a review, but some thoughts by Fnkmaster · · Score: 1

      To stand up for Mr. Perry - he has a good point, which is that QC is very much at the intersection of theoretical computation and physics, and doing work in it requires a decent amount of knowledge in both areas (as a former QC research assistant at MIT, I can state this with some authority). I was a physics major with a decent background in computer science, and even so getting started in quantum computing research was a real bitch (this was back in '98/'99 - there were just very few "getting started" resources at the time).

      There may be some better summary papers available these days, but I still think there's a need for a book that can provide enough background in physics for a computer scientist to understand quantum computing (though that's a tough order), or enough computer science to a physicist to understand QC (this is less hard).

      Nonetheless, it would be tough to teach an undergraduate class that caters to both these students simultaneously. A physics major who's already taken q. mech. will just be bored with the first 40% of the course material. And a computer science major may find it difficult to sufficiently grok the quantum mechanics and math rapidly enough to get to the good material (I may be biased here as a physics major, hehe).

      Anyway, I'll try to post some actual useful feedback on this book at some point in the next few days when I get a chance to at least skim it in some detail.

    3. Re:not a review, but some thoughts by SurG · · Score: 1

      I can't even disagree with you. However, I just felt that the text was quite heavy on basic math. Your post is yet another reason to shift focus to physics way more, which should not necessary require going into heavy math. I believe Born used to say: "Mathematical formalism is a great help in describing complex things, but useless in understanding of real processes." (approximate quote) Once again, that's just my perception of approach to subject. My impression of math overload might even be wrong since I didn't spend much time with the text.

  17. Perhaps another introductory... by Kiriwas · · Score: 2, Informative

    A pair of professors at my university are also working on a very similar book. When I first saw this one on slashdot I thought someone may have tried to rip them off. Some of you may want to check out this one too. It looks as though it may be a bit more formal (with both notation and language tone).

    1. Re:Perhaps another introductory... by Chillers · · Score: 1

      Nah - no rip off.

      I like your link tho' - this text looks fantasic. Sigh... Now I have to read 274 pages! The similarity is a good thing. There is a need for a book like this as an introductory text. It seems that various people's work is covering pretty much the same ground, in fact this is the 2nd! book I've seen that is remarkably similar. Does this mean that people are getting it right in terms of informative books on QC for the lay audience?

  18. Let the typo hunt begin: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I start with the second step of the continued fractions example on page 207 (217 of the PDF). 1 + 2/9 is not equal to 1 + 1/2/9.

    In all seriousness, very solid book. I like the way you start from the basics, but don't dumb down the final algorithms (much). It's a good progression for the book, all the way from right triangles to Shor's algorithm. Bravo.

    1. Re:Let the typo hunt begin: by Chillers · · Score: 1

      Thanks for your comments. Thanks also for finding that error.

      Yeah - it's hard to know where to 'stop' (or start for that matter) when explaining QC algs. Shor's and Grover's in particular could do with a bit of work. Anyway, thanks again.

  19. Mirror by Sholmas · · Score: 1

    Uploaded the file to:
    http://www.stud.ntnu.no/~stianbor/shared/TOQCv1_0. pdf

    the university server should be able to take a slashdot or two.

  20. Interesting by Sholmas · · Score: 1

    I found this book really intersting, as I'm a MiT Computer Science student. Allthough I've taken courses in parts of what's described in the book (CS, information theory & math), it was interesting to see it from a different view. I will definitely recommend this paper to my fellow students.

  21. Typo page 11 (PDF page 21) by birdie1013 · · Score: 1

    In the Example-box the output should be 110 in stead of 100.

  22. www.lulu.com by Rufus88 · · Score: 1

    You might want to try selling print copies yourself on www.lulu.com. They have a print-on-demand service that works pretty well. (I've used it, but I am not affiliated with them in any way.) You can make your work available electronically, or in print, or both, and you can set the amount of royalty you want to charge. Lulu adds a 20% commission, plus a base cost that's a function of page count. You can design your own cover and upload that too.

  23. For those interested in the field... by 4lex · · Score: 1

    ...we have a slash site called QubitNews which could use some of your comments. In fact, we talked about this book some days ago. Feel free to drop by and participate (get quonnected!).

    --
    My journal. Mainly about freedom.