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Bacteria Propel Themselves with Slime Jets

galactic_grub writes "Scientists have discovered that some bacteria propel themselves along using tiny jets of slime. According to this story on NewScientistTech, the researchers previously thought the slime was a lubricant. They believe the same technique could be used to move nano-devices around."

50 comments

  1. Eating nanobots? by fbjon · · Score: 3, Interesting
    Is it just me or are there no comments in this story?

    In any case, how would the nanobots produce the propellant fluid, they'd have to be able to consume something? Perhaps they're counting taking in and storing some available fluid while passing through, like in the human blood stream, or somesuch.

    --
    True confidence comes not from realising you are as good as your peers, but that your peers are as bad as you are.
    1. Re:Eating nanobots? by Forbman · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Well, most animal slime is a mix of sugars and water. The sugars hold a large amount of water, relatively speaking, so if it's the same with bacteria, then the bacteria does not have to expel much of the sugar mix, so the metabolic demands are gonna be relatively small.

    2. Re:Eating nanobots? by jdray · · Score: 1

      Beautiful. Now, how would nanobots produce the slime? Where do they get the sugar? The water? How do they assemble the stuff? Maybe a biologic component to them? Seems like a lot of machinery to me, no matter what. If we have nanomotors, I think nanopropellers would produce motive force for any machine large enough to take advantage of liquid jet propellant.

      --
      The Spoon
      Updated 6/28/2011
    3. Re:Eating nanobots? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      You're assuming propellers work the same at nano scale. They don't.

      Remember, this is a realm of counter-intuitive phenomena that you can't just "gut feel" your way around.

      Odds are good that if bacteria do it, then it's an extraordinarily efficient way to do things, and we should seriously consider it. Remember that
      a) they evolve much faster than we do
      b) are much older (predating eukaryotes by 2 billion years or so)
      c) they live at the micro/nano scale boundary.

      Call me when you've got that kind of experience under your belt ;)

    4. Re:Eating nanobots? by Short+Circuit · · Score: 3, Informative

      If I recall correctly, some bacteria, such as salmonella, do use propellors...tiny little screw-like hairs that the bacteria rotate.

  2. With Apologies To Bill Watterson by American+AC+in+Paris · · Score: 4, Funny

    Apparently, scientific progress goes "Ew."

    --

    Obliteracy: Words with explosions

    1. Re:With Apologies To Bill Watterson by binford2k · · Score: 0, Offtopic

      The hover effects on your web page are annoying and make it almost unreadable. I wouldn't have even bothered reading it except that I have a bookmarklet to remove all colors for pages like that.

    2. Re:With Apologies To Bill Watterson by American+AC+in+Paris · · Score: 0, Offtopic

      Thanks--I'd botched my CSS. It's fixed now.

      --

      Obliteracy: Words with explosions

    3. Re:With Apologies To Bill Watterson by Eric+Giguere · · Score: 1

      Yeah, but this is the way to really get kids interested in science. Sell some slime-propulsed bacteria with a copy of Science Made Stupid and Scientific Progress Goes 'Boink' and pack them into the classrooms.

      Don't know what should accompany Culture Made Stupid, though... The Revenge of the Baby-Sat?

      Eric
      So which is it: no debt is good or debt is great?

    4. Re:With Apologies To Bill Watterson by simcop2387 · · Score: 0, Offtopic

      Would you be willing to provide a link to that bookmarklet? it'd be a wonder thing to have.

  3. Nanobots by Eightyford · · Score: 3, Funny

    They believe the same technique could be used to move nano-devices around."

    Would that really be the most efficient way of moving a nano-device? I doubt it. I think we'll see little sperm bots first.

    1. Re:Nanobots by linzeal · · Score: 4, Funny

      I want women to have little anti-sperm nano robot defenses so I can get like mecha-suit sperm bots that tries to invade her womb like little futuristic crusaders to implant my seed. Also they could walk around and under people's doors to impregnante women while they sleep. This is what scientific progress means to me.

    2. Re:Nanobots by Thud457 · · Score: 1

      I think "bacterial slimejets" is almost as good a name for a nerdcore band as "titanium spork".

      --

      the preceding comment is my own and in no way reflects the opinion of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

  4. Nice, but by nem75 · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    How will they teach the bacteria to move the devices where they want them to be?

  5. Bacteria, too? by jcr · · Score: 4, Funny

    Gee, I thought it was just politicians...

    -jcr

    --
    The only title of honor that a tyrant can grant is "Enemy of the State."
    1. Re:Bacteria, too? by HolyCrapSCOsux · · Score: 1

      and lawyers, and Car Dealers, and Adware Makers, and....

      --
      0xB315AA8D852DCD3F3DCA578FD2E0BF88
    2. Re:Bacteria, too? by grub · · Score: 1


      and lawyers, and Car Dealers, and Adware Makers, and...

      and Ron Jeremy ...

      --
      Trolling is a art,
    3. Re:Bacteria, too? by maelstrom · · Score: 1

      That's not slime!

      --
      The more you know, the less you understand.
  6. Nick by deanj · · Score: 3, Funny

    I think the implication of this are obvious. Let me be the first to say:

    I, for one, welcome our Nickelodeon overlords.

    1. Re:Nick by wondafucka · · Score: 1
      I, for one, welcome our Nickelodeon overlords.

      I wonder what they meant by that?

      I don't know (*gasp* flesh eating bacteria attack!!!!)

  7. Funny you should mention that... by Glog · · Score: 3, Funny

    "Self-propelled through slimy jets" is also part of the job credentials of any current and/or future RIAA president. And yes, many many bacteria have suffered and died in order to perfect this method of propulsion.

    1. Re:Funny you should mention that... by Expert+Determination · · Score: 1

      Um...no. It's the credentials of the intern working for the RIAA president.

      --
      "The White House is not an intelligence-gathering agency," -- Scott McClellan, Whitehouse spokesman.
  8. The DETAILS may be new, the idea isn't! by maubp · · Score: 5, Interesting

    "Scientists have discovered that some bacteria propel themselves along using tiny jets of slime".

    No - that has been known for a long time. This research mearly elucidates the mechanism. Which is nice. But, in addition to the slime nozzles at the back end, .

    Did you know that at the front end Myxo bacteria have "grappling hooks" which that can extend and then retract? Search for pilus retraction...

    Or that they are pack hunters? Or that they will commits suicide to save their buddies?

    Myxobacteria - they're great!

    1. Re:The DETAILS may be new, the idea isn't! by darkmeridian · · Score: 1

      From TFA:
      "Myxobacteria are micrometre-scale filament-shaped organisms that glide along surfaces, leaving a trail of slime in their wake. Biologists were convinced the bugs produced the slime as lubricant, but couldn't explain how they generated the force to move."

      That second phrase, "couldn't explain how they generated the force to move" seems to contradict your statement that scientists already knew how they moved.

      --
      A NYC lawyer blogs. http://www.chuangblog.com/
    2. Re:The DETAILS may be new, the idea isn't! by maubp · · Score: 1

      It was the submitter's line I objected to: "Scientists have discovered that some bacteria propel themselves along using tiny jets of slime." And the tone of the New Scientist article also suggested this was all new research.

      By the same group as this report, but last year:
      J Jeon and AV Dobrynin. Polymer confinement and bacterial gliding motility. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter. 2005 Jul;17(3):361-72. Epub 2005 Jul 5. http://www.springerlink.com/link.asp?id=n842206512 0101v4">link

      I can't find you a citation right now (this would be easier from a Univeristy machine with journal access), but its long been know they extrude polysaccharides based slime which was thought to hydrolyse and therefore expand - generating the propulsion.

    3. Re:The DETAILS may be new, the idea isn't! by maubp · · Score: 2, Informative

      Link should be this, and I have noticed at least one spelling error in my above post.

      I should really learn which button is "submit" and which is "preview" ;)

    4. Re:The DETAILS may be new, the idea isn't! by Dachannien · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Or that they will commit suicide to save their buddies?

      The amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum will also sacrifice itself to help propagate the species when food supplies are dwindling. Rather than just die and release protective substances, however, the individual cells actually form a multicellular slug capable of locomotion. Once the slug has migrated, it sends up a stalk with a spore-laden "fruiting body". The cells in the stalk die, while the spores are able to travel through the air to an environment where food is hopefully more plentiful.

      Of course, being an amoeba, Dicty can locomote without the need for slime jets.

    5. Re:The DETAILS may be new, the idea isn't! by maubp · · Score: 1

      Yeah - Myxo and Dicty both have lots of cool tricks.

      The Myxo and Dicty spore formation process (with most cells dying and releasing their nutrients for the good of the minority which form spores) is very similar.

      As a family the myxo bacteria have a whole range of lovely fruiting bodies.

      Did you know they where first mis-classified as fungi when they were spotted down a microscope?

    6. Re:The DETAILS may be new, the idea isn't! by DeadChobi · · Score: 1

      Does it mean I'm a nerd if I'm sitting in a college computer lab reading slashdot and wondering if the person next to me would be offended if I started Wiki'ing for Myoxobacteria so that I can read about all the neat stuff they do?

      --
      SRSLY.
  9. In the spirit of comments that must be made... by aphoenix · · Score: 1

    In Soviet Russia, bacteria slimes you!

    Actually, in Soviet Russia, I think the bacteria probably killed a lot of people. They don't have the best medical facilities over there.

    I feel so dirty.

    1. Re:In the spirit of comments that must be made... by maubp · · Score: 1

      On the other hand, they have done some rather interesting work with Phage Therapy.

    2. Re:In the spirit of comments that must be made... by aphoenix · · Score: 1

      In Soviet Russia, slime bacteria heals you?

      I like the sound of that much better. Although then the dirty communists don't get it in the end...

    3. Re:In the spirit of comments that must be made... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Bacteria kill tons of people everywhere. And, ultimately, they dispose of the bodies.

  10. Shhhh! by misleb · · Score: 1

    Shhhhh! We're already being replaced by mechanical penises. The last thing we need are mechanical sperm to completely remove us from the equation!

    -matthew

    --
    "THERE IS NO JUSTICE, THERE IS ONLY ME." -Death
  11. Well, it's like this... by Mille+Mots · · Score: 1
    In any case, how would the nanobots produce the propellant fluid, they'd have to be able to consume something? Perhaps they're counting taking in and storing some available fluid while passing through, like in the human blood stream, or somesuch.

    Once they reduce everything to grey goo, they'll have plenty of fuel for their slime jets.

    Err, tha'td be goo jets, I guess.

    --
    This sig intentionally left blank

  12. Ghostbusters by Tisha_AH · · Score: 1

    I feel slimed.

    I wondered how Peter Venkman and Igon used to move so fast.

    --
    Tisha Hayes
  13. Slime Jets? by mgabrys_sf · · Score: 1

    That's what I've been calling Southwest Airlines. Greyhound busses of the sky baby!

    Amazing that bacteria can book a reservation on SouthWest with such tiny appendages.

    And how do you distribute frequent flier miles through a colony of millions?

    1. Re:Slime Jets? by blackraven14250 · · Score: 1

      Some hell of a group discount.

  14. Hmmmm... by David+Munch · · Score: 1

    Doesnt that sound a bit too much?

    The slime is probably composed almost entirely of proteins, carbohydrates and water, and it is probably about the same that covers many bacteria. (No idea about this specific one though, but since it has developed a propulsion system based on it, I would guess it is) And the slime ususally works as a glue, so it can stick to surfaces - Which also means it holds it back. So for this propulsion system to work, it needs to deliver quite a 'splat' so to say..

    But hey, just guessing - Can anyone fill more out?

  15. A better method would be using flagellum by WillAffleckUW · · Score: 0

    If you were to look into any human cell, you would see that flagellum motor mechanisms exist in virtually all of them, as they are a particularly effective method of propulsion.

    --
    -- Tigger warning: This post may contain tiggers! --
    1. Re:A better method would be using flagellum by nasch · · Score: 1

      Make sure to tell the bacteria that, so they can un-evolve these clearly inferior mechanisms they've developed. What's the emoticon for rolling eyes?

    2. Re:A better method would be using flagellum by WillAffleckUW · · Score: 1

      Evolution presumes that they find them useful in the environment they are - or were - in.

      As I stated, the mechanisms are still inside every human cell, you can even see them with a microscope in the brain.

      But, if we're talking nanobots, we need to consider mobility and utility. How much should we devote to mobility, if a flagellum design is easier to maintain and adapt?

      Perhaps if we were designing nanobots that worked in a specific environment, we might find slime propulsion is more effective in:

      a. cost of transport in design payload;
      b. cost of transport in materials requirements (e.g. slime used);
      c. cost of transport in effective reuse of local materials (e.g. oil less effective use than coal in coal-rich environment).

      But, given the size of the likely nanobots, I'm not convinced this is the case, especially based on the work in progress I've seen here at the UW in microbiology and related fields.

      --
      -- Tigger warning: This post may contain tiggers! --
  16. This may seem inefficient... by san · · Score: 5, Informative

    This may seem a very inefficient way to move about, but things work very differently on the lengthscale of bacteria.

    For example, most moving bacteria use propellor-like objects (flagellae) to propel themselves, but the way they work is very different from propellors.

    Propellors use Bernouilli's principle to create a pressure difference between the front and the rear of the propellor, thereby 'sucking' themselves forward.

    Bacteria, because they're so small, live in a surrounding where water has an effective viscosity higher than molasses on our lengthscale (it has to do with a dimensionless number for friction in hydrodynamics called the Reynold's number, that scales with inverse length).

    Bacteria have to push themselves forward in something that really doesn't want to move and creates a lot of friction; all kinds of movements that we would think of intuitively possible are impossible under these circumstances. For example, some hydrodynamics people talk about the 'scallop theorem', which states that at these conditions it's impossible something to move forward like a scallop: rapidly closing its shell and opening it again.

    Most flagellae are either spiral structures or stiff rods that get swayed back and forth; none use Bernoulli's effect, but tend to make use of the high viscosity by pushing against the fluid.

    These bacteria make a starch gel to propel themselves: the sugar concentration doesn't need to be very high to get a decent gel, and the speeds they obtain sound incredible (usually we're talking 10 microns per minute, not per second).

    1. Re:This may seem inefficient... by skywire · · Score: 1

      Propellors use Bernouilli's [sic] principle to create a pressure difference between the front and the rear of the propellor, thereby 'sucking' themselves forward.

      Baloney. This is not true of airplane wings, and it is not true of propellers. If you believe it, then ask yourself how airplanes fly inverted, toy planes with flat wings fly, toy helicopters with flat propeller blades rise, and fans with flat blades blow air.

      --
      Those who would give up essential liberty to purchase a little temporary safety, deserve neither liberty nor safety.
    2. Re:This may seem inefficient... by san · · Score: 1

      I've just looked it up (here) and you're mostly right. The main lift comes from the pressure obtained by deflecting the airflow; something that stops working as viscosity increases.

      In practice, an airfoil does make of Bernoulli's effect to help deflect air downwards, thus increasing the lift (I'd guess that that's the reason why airplane wings 'bulge' upwards).

  17. wakka, wakka, wakka by PhYrE2k2 · · Score: 1

    Anyone else picturing PacMan?

    --

    when you see the word 'Linux', drink!
  18. Would that be bacterium flagellum? by geoffrobinson · · Score: 1

    I believe that is the term for what you are thinking about.

    --
    Except for ending slavery, the Nazis, communism, & securing American independence, war has never solved anything.
    1. Re:Would that be bacterium flagellum? by Short+Circuit · · Score: 1

      Yup. Thanks.

      Been years since I took a biology class...I think I learned that tidbit in in high school.