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Transpacific Unity Fiber Optic Cable Leaves Japan

JoshuaInNippon writes "The 10,000 km (6,200 mile) long Unity fiber optic cable, funded by Google and five East Asian communication companies, left Japanese shores on November 1st to be laid along the northern Pacific Ocean floor. The Japanese end of the cable is expected to be fused to the American end sometime around November 11th. The cable, which was announced in February of 2008 at a cost of around $300 million USD, has the theoretical capacity of 7.68 Tbps, but will be set at a capacity of about 4.8 Tbps (supposedly equivalent to about 75 million simultaneous phone calls) during its initial use. When Unity begins full operation sometime early next year, it is projected to increase internet traffic capacity between the two regions by over 20%, a wonderful boost to transpacific relations!"

136 comments

  1. Yes! by SalaSSin · · Score: 5, Funny

    Woohoo! Faster Hentai downloads :-)

    --
    Any sufficiently advanced incompetence is indistinguishable from malice - Grey's Law
    1. Re:Yes! by Wowsers · · Score: 1

      $300m, isn't that the cost of a few US senators "campaign contributions"? :(

      More fiber please, money that's more wisely spent. Now how about tackling the problem of fiber to the home.

      --
      Take Nobody's Word For It.
    2. Re:Yes! by ZarathustraDK · · Score: 3, Funny

      American women beware! There's a loooong tentacle coming your way!

      --
      If you quote this signature there'll be 72 copies of Windows ME waiting for you in Heaven.
    3. Re:Yes! by houghi · · Score: 3, Funny

      That would be the case if one part would still be in Japan. However the cable left Japan, which must mean both sides (and everything in the middle) is ouside of Japan.

      (Yes, I only read the subject, why?)

      --
      Don't fight for your country, if your country does not fight for you.
    4. Re:Yes! by adnonsense · · Score: 4, Funny

      That maybe fine for you, but here in Japan the Internet is basically one big LAN.

      So basically we have so much of the stuff tentacles are poking out of our USB ports.

      What that does mean for us, here in the land of Hello Kitty, is faster access to a range of porn featuring fewer celaphods and more girls with non-pixelized genitals.

    5. Re:Yes! by Hurricane78 · · Score: 1

      It will be the longest tentacle ever to be related to porn! :D

      --
      Any sufficiently advanced intelligence is indistinguishable from stupidity.
    6. Re:Yes! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Now how about tackling the problem of fiber to the home.

      Houseboat?

  2. Anonymous Coward by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    this article gave me a real boast

  3. Yeah but by TreyGeek · · Score: 1, Troll

    "it is projected to increase internet traffic capacity between the two regions by over 20%, a wonderful boast to transpacific relations!"

    That is until a ship drops anchor on top of it.

    1. Re:Yeah but by TheKidWho · · Score: 4, Funny

      Or Godzilla decides he is hungry.

    2. Re:Yeah but by dontmakemethink · · Score: 1

      Maybe he just needs to floss.

      --

      War as we knew it was obsolete
      Nothing could beat complete denial
      - Emily Haines
  4. Mostly Crap by pcjunky · · Score: 0, Flamebait

    With all the crap that comes in via Asia, hacks SPAM, etc Maybe it would be better to cut the cables that are there now. I already null route most of china anyway.

    1. Re:Mostly Crap by dwinks616 · · Score: 0

      Most? I'm all for most cable between here and Asia. Blocking China (or all of Asia) via HOSTS is a good idea, but also letting them connect to US servers and hopefully spend money on our crap is also good.

  5. Dam by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Even fiber optic cable is getting laid...

    1. Re:Dam by Chrisq · · Score: 1

      Even fiber optic cable is getting laid...

      Never mind. Your turn will come someday.

    2. Re:Dam by courteaudotbiz · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Your turn will come someday

      Not

    3. Re:Dam by Darth+Sdlavrot · · Score: 1

      Even fiber optic cable is getting laid...

      Never mind. Your turn will come someday.

      His turn will come when he learns how to spell, damn it.

    4. Re:Dam by courteaudotbiz · · Score: 0, Offtopic

      I don't think women look at how guys spell as a factor for whether or not they're going to have sex. You seriously think that being a "good guy" will get you any sex? Think twice! :-)

    5. Re:Dam by Darth+Sdlavrot · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I don't think women look at how guys spell as a factor for whether or not they're going to have sex. You seriously think that being a "good guy" will get you any sex? Think twice! :-)

      No I don't actually.

      On the other hand I do, somewhat belatedly, realize that I should have added some kind of sarcasm tags for the benefit of those who couldn't figure out that "when he learns how to spell" was a euphemism for "never."

    6. Re:Dam by Ant+P. · · Score: 4, Funny

      Never mind. Your turn will come someday.

      ...IN SEA BED!

    7. Re:Dam by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So, does this qualify as cybersex?

    8. Re:Dam by StripedCow · · Score: 2

      Yes but it is 10,000 km long.

      Size matters, you know :-)

      --
      If Pandora's box is destined to be opened, *I* want to be the one to open it.
    9. Re:Dam by Hurricane78 · · Score: 1

      But, as a friend of mine described fucking a girl: It's like throwing a salami in a corridor!

      --
      Any sufficiently advanced intelligence is indistinguishable from stupidity.
    10. Re:Dam by treeves · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Yeah, I've certainly found that my superior spelling abilities have given me great success with the ladies!
      Not.

      --
      ...the future crusty old bastards are already drinking the Kool-Aid.
    11. Re:Dam by Chrisq · · Score: 1

      Yeah, I've certainly found that my superior spelling abilities have given me great success with the ladies! Not.

      As long as all you want to do is play scrabble your superior spelling skills will do fine.

  6. How does that work, exactly? by wandazulu · · Score: 4, Interesting

    So I've got a bunch of cable laying around, figure I'll run my own line from Japan to California. How does that work, exactly? I assume the cable is protected in some extremely strong waterproof and snag-proof sheath, but do they really just roll it off the ship, let it fall to the ocean floor, and there it sits? Do they have to occasionally throw a repeater overboard as well? I've always been curious how we're actually able to have these outrageously long cables under the sea and that it works, and works well enough that I believe cables are still the preferred method of data movement, with satellites being a distant second.

    1. Re:How does that work, exactly? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So I've got a bunch of cable laying around, figure I'll run my own line from Japan to California. How does that work, exactly? I assume the cable is protected in some extremely strong waterproof and snag-proof sheath, but do they really just roll it off the ship, let it fall to the ocean floor, and there it sits? Do they have to occasionally throw a repeater overboard as well? I've always been curious how we're actually able to have these outrageously long cables under the sea and that it works, and works well enough that I believe cables are still the preferred method of data movement, with satellites being a distant second.

      i would think the rediculously long distance across the ocean is a fraction of the distance to the closest satellite... wouldn't you ?

    2. Re:How does that work, exactly? by UnHolier+than+ever · · Score: 4, Informative

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine_communications_cable#Optical_telephone_cables

      Yes, you need repeaters every 100km or so, which are powered through the cable by DC current.

      Other than that, I think it just lays in the bottom, yes. These are sturdy cable, they weigh about 10 kg/m.

    3. Re:How does that work, exactly? by BradleyUffner · · Score: 1

      Wikipedia has some great pictures of the different layers of undersea cables.
      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine_communications_cable

    4. Re:How does that work, exactly? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Store-and-forward satellite repeaters could be as close as 400 miles from the ground stations. Either ground station. Of course, the up to 90 minute ballistic segment does increase the lag somewhat.

    5. Re:How does that work, exactly? by John+Hasler · · Score: 3, Interesting

      I believe that the cable is plowed in close to shore where possible to protect it against nets, anchors, etc.

      --
      Warning: this article may contain humor, sarcasm, parody, and perhaps even irony. Read at your own risk.
    6. Re:How does that work, exactly? by TBoon · · Score: 3, Interesting

      with satellites being a distant second.

      Have you ever used satellite internet/phones? I have at sea. And disregarding the much lower speeds, the lag makes it highly unsuitable for some usages. We had VOIP phones on our connection. With geostationary satellites the signal take about 200ms just to get from your local point on earth and back down to the other ground-based point. That's very noticable when talking with someone on the phone. Especially when adding a bit more delays at the VOIP-stage and PSTN side too... On the other hand, you can get to pretty much anywhere on the planet within 50ms with a cable. (In theory, disregarding delay at routing, and non-direct routes.)

    7. Re:How does that work, exactly? by jeffmeden · · Score: 5, Informative

      Wikipedia, pfffft. I learned all I need to know about Trans Oceanic Fiber Optic cables in 56 short pages thanks to Neal Stephenson... http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/4.12/ffglass.html

    8. Re:How does that work, exactly? by sponga · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Yeah screw the article, here is a video and they speak a thousand words. Very cool to actually see the cable being pulled out and what the repeater looks like.

      http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dOyKdJWPlZY

      SEACOM
      http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LgKezSWuAGE&feature=related

      Construction of East Africa's undersea fibre optics cable
      http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dW0Fp-bbKWI

      Alaska Communications Systems Undersea Fiber Optic Projects
      http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YJt0sh1d-H0

    9. Re:How does that work, exactly? by michael_cain · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Don't forget sharks, that seem to be fooled by the electric field that results from the DC current powering the repeaters, and occasionally attack the cables. I believe newer cables include upgraded armor that is more shark-resistant.

    10. Re:How does that work, exactly? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes, but can the "upgraded armor" handle the sharks with lasers?

    11. Re:How does that work, exactly? by Nadaka · · Score: 1

      but if they start putting armor on the fiber optic repeaters, how will the next generation of sharks get the lasers they so desperately need?

    12. Re:How does that work, exactly? by TooMuchToDo · · Score: 1

      Correct. Jets of water are used to bury the cable near shore to protect it, although it sits unprotected at depth.

    13. Re:How does that work, exactly? by Hurricane78 · · Score: 1

      How about... you know... shielding the the freaking fields?? ...and not make the animals go nuts. It's cheaper too.

      --
      Any sufficiently advanced intelligence is indistinguishable from stupidity.
    14. Re:How does that work, exactly? by djrok212 · · Score: 1

      How do you figure you can get anywhere on the planet in 50ms?

    15. Re:How does that work, exactly? by TooMuchToDo · · Score: 1

      THIS! Thanks for posting this, I've read this before and it's a fantastic resource.

    16. Re:How does that work, exactly? by DriedClexler · · Score: 1

      You know, we do so much to protect undersea cables from sharks. Why can't we spend the same effort protecting marriage from sharks?

      --
      Information theory is life. The rest is just the KL divergence.
    17. Re:How does that work, exactly? by petermgreen · · Score: 1

      On the other hand, you can get to pretty much anywhere on the planet within 50ms with a cable. (In theory, disregarding delay at routing, and non-direct routes.)
      Lets assume that light in a fiber travels at 2x10^8 m/s (light travels slower in fiber than in free space though i'm not sure how much slower offhand), according to wikipedia the earths cicumfrence is about 4x10^7 m, so halfway round the world would be 2x10^7 m.

      so to get halfway arround the world would take about 100ms minimum, the round trip time (the mopst common means of measuring latency in the IT field) will be double that figure (e.g. 200ms minium).

      Still much better than satelite though, a link via geostationary sattelite will add a minimum of about 400ms to the round trip time and in practice it may be much worse depending on how media access control is handled. Non geostationary satalites can avoid this but they have other problems.

      --
      note: i'm known as plugwash most places but i screwd up registering that here somehow in the past and now can't register
    18. Re:How does that work, exactly? by fortyonejb · · Score: 1

      On the satellite question, why are satellites a distant second? Well, the answer is right there, distance. Geostationary satellites orbit at 35,000 KM above the earth. So, if you wanted to send a signal from california to the satellite and have the satellite send it to Japan (assuming one satellite positioned perfectly could hit both locations) you'd at a MINIMUM have to travel 70,000 KM. that is 7 times the distance that a signal travels on the undersea line. I think it is pretty self explanatory from there.

    19. Re:How does that work, exactly? by buchner.johannes · · Score: 1

      Don't forget sharks, [...] and occasionally attack the cables.

      With their lasers!

      --
      NB: The message above might reflect my opinion right now, but not necessarily tomorrow or next year.
    20. Re:How does that work, exactly? by TheRaven64 · · Score: 1

      Speed of light. The diameter of the Earth is about 40,041.47km, which is about 0.13 light seconds. The maximum distance of two points on the Earth's surface is therefore 65 light milliseconds, so the one-way trip time is a bit over 50ms. The round trip time is closer to 100ms, and there is some switching overhead and extra overhead to take into account network topologies, but even factoring that in you can get a packet almost anywhere in the world in less time than you can get it to a satellite and back. This is one of the reasons why we should be using QoS flags in packets. For big downloads, there is no problem using a satellite link. If you're downloading a 500MB file then you don't care if you have a 500ms latency as long as the throughput is high, but for VoIP you want to be routing your packets via terrestrial connections.

      --
      I am TheRaven on Soylent News
    21. Re:How does that work, exactly? by david.given · · Score: 1

      This is a perfect opportunity to plug Neal Stephenson's excellent essay on fibre-optic cables: Mother Earth, Mother Board. It's well worth reading, being gripping, easy to get into, endlessly fascinating, and funny --- all the qualities that essays on cable laying usually aren't. He answers all your questions and more. (It also turned into research for Cryptonomicon.)

      The short answers to your questions, though, are yes, yes, and by being very clever, respectively.

    22. Re:How does that work, exactly? by Sepodati · · Score: 1

      For commercial networks, you're probably right. On a private network where your users are used to delay on phone networks, it makes more sense to route your voice traffic over the satellite links, though. Within the specific networks I've worked on, the satellite links are often more reliable. A 5 minute phone call isn't going to be finished any faster because you put it over a low-latency, high-bandwidth terrestrial link. That email attachment or map download will be significantly faster over the terrestrial link, though. It all depends on your customers and their needs. :)

      -John

    23. Re:How does that work, exactly? by sootman · · Score: 2, Informative

      One of my favorite things Wired ever published. I liked it so much I made a map to go along with it since Neal was kind enough to supply GPS coordinates in the article. http://visualcompanion.org/Map_-_Mother_Earth_Mother_Board.php

      Particularly neat (to me) was to see the cove of the Museum of Submarine Telegraphy, Porthcurno, Cornwall exactly as he described it.

      --
      Dear Slashdot: next time you want to mess with the site, add a rich-text editor for comments.
    24. Re:How does that work, exactly? by djrok212 · · Score: 1

      Further, the speed of light through fiber is not the speed of light. Light only propagates through fiber at 2/3 of the speed of light.

    25. Re:How does that work, exactly? by Matt_R · · Score: 2, Informative

      take a look at http://www.pipeinternational.com/ - a blog site by the company that recently laid a cable from Sydney to Guam

    26. Re:How does that work, exactly? by John+Hasler · · Score: 1

      The engineers who design these things never thought of that. They just aren't as smart as you are.

      --
      Warning: this article may contain humor, sarcasm, parody, and perhaps even irony. Read at your own risk.
    27. Re:How does that work, exactly? by rdnetto · · Score: 1

      Page 1 of 56

      OK, this is starting to get ridiculous...

      --
      Most human behaviour can be explained in terms of identity.
  7. Faster Access To Hulu! by corsec67 · · Score: 5, Funny

    Sweet, this will give me faster access to Hulu, Slacker, and all of the nice American websites.

    --
    If I have nothing to hide, don't search me
    1. Re:Faster Access To Hulu! by camperdave · · Score: 1, Funny

      Yes. You will be able to see the "This content available only in the US" error pages in a fraction of the time it would take you now.

      --
      When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
    2. Re:Faster Access To Hulu! by icebraining · · Score: 1

      Thank you, Captain Obvious!

  8. Surprisingly small sounding numbers by Ginger+Unicorn · · Score: 2, Interesting

    For some reason 4.8 terabits/s doesn't sound like that much to me. Obviously it must be since it's boosting traffic by 20% but intuitively I would have imagined another 2 or 3 orders of magnitude for an inter-continental link.

    --
    (1.21 gigawatts) / (88 miles per hour) = 30 757 874 newtons
    1. Re:Surprisingly small sounding numbers by Idiomatick · · Score: 2, Interesting

      The 20% figure is based on the 7.5tb/s speed not the initial 4.8 but still. The % value is the important one to your or I anyways, the actual tb/s figure is meaningless aside from getting a nerd hard on for the bandwidth.

    2. Re:Surprisingly small sounding numbers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Tell that to Law enforcement - the tapping eqipments farm is going to blow someones budget.

    3. Re:Surprisingly small sounding numbers by dingen · · Score: 1

      Yeah, I was thinking the same thing. With all of the megabit and gigabit links being thrown around, surely a major line like this should have more bandwith than a mere few terabits?

      I suppose not.

      --
      Pretty good is actually pretty bad.
    4. Re:Surprisingly small sounding numbers by Shados · · Score: 1

      Traffic between east asian regions and the americas has always been extremely limited, and expensive. Honestly, as soon as you leave your own ISP's territory, traffic starts being very limited. This is helped by the fact that ISPs have deals between them to even out the cost, and that the vast majority of traffic stays in house, on top of having bigger content providers replicate their stuff around the world (google, youtube, microsoft, akamai...), but if it wasn't for that, Google or Microsoft alone would saturate many international pipes, nevermind the whole internet.

    5. Re:Surprisingly small sounding numbers by bored_lurker · · Score: 1

      The reason it is smaller than you would think is a thing called reachability. While I do not work with submarine cables I have been doing fiber optic equipment for about 20 years. From a metro perspective the numbers seem small given DWDM systems that can achieve many channels of 40G and 100G but there are limitations particularly related to distance. I really am not sure what the amps are (I would guess mostly EDFAs and RAMAN amps plus some back to back amps for regen to clean the signal up) but the higher the speeds the shorter the distance and more amps are needed. All of this adds complexity in an inhospitable environment and greatly adds to the cost.

      If anything surprises me about this article is the cost - $300 million seems a bit cheap for the fiber (in an armored submarine cable), transmission equipment, and labor to lay a 10,000 km cable.

      --
      --- Tolerance is the axiomatic "virtue" of those without convictions ---
    6. Re:Surprisingly small sounding numbers by Shatrat · · Score: 1

      I work in Fiber.
      10gbit/s is the standard for high speed links, that'd be OC-192 or 10G Ethernet. 40gbit/s is out there for early adopters.
      From some quick math I'm guessing it's 256 fiber cable with 122 40gbit/s links using repeaters and a half dozen pairs held in reserve for when a link goes bad.
      It could be a few hundred 10gbit/s links over some form of WDM with amplifiers, though I doubt it because of the dispersion problems over this kind of distance.
      I don't work with undesea fiber but I can assure you that this is a ton of capacity.
      4.8 terabit/s will actually easily carry over 80 million 64kbit/s T0 voice lines, TFSummary is actually on the conservative side.

      --
      09 F9 11 02 9D 74 E3 5B D8 41 56 C5 63 56 88 C0
    7. Re:Surprisingly small sounding numbers by Matt_R · · Score: 1

      I bet they do use DWDM. Pipe's PPC1 uses 2 pairs over 6900km with a capacity of 2.56Tb/s, and Telstra's Endeavour is 2 pair over 9100km with a capacity of 1.28Tb/s

    8. Re:Surprisingly small sounding numbers by Shatrat · · Score: 1

      I wish there was a networking equivalent of top500.org
      I've never worked with anything longer than 160km without 3R regen or more than 40ch per pair.
      Undersea stuff is a little out of my element. I would have thought DWDM would be handicapped by dispersion, unless they have optical MDUs and transponders built into the regen nodes to 3R regen each channel. That seems a little complex for a system that would require a boat to repair.
      Thanks for the info, at any rate.

      --
      09 F9 11 02 9D 74 E3 5B D8 41 56 C5 63 56 88 C0
    9. Re:Surprisingly small sounding numbers by Matt_R · · Score: 1

      Take a look at this post on the Pipe PPC-1 cable laying blog. It explains the repeaters.

  9. SHIT by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Funny

    I can "lay" a "cable" faster than that...

    1. Re:SHIT by zero.kalvin · · Score: 1

      I can "lay" a "cable" faster than that...

      A slashdotter? I seriously doubt our ability to even lay ourselves!

  10. You know how these things go by Chrisq · · Score: 1, Offtopic

    You know how these things go. They will wake Godzilla by laying the cable, but later run into a mysterious mist cover island with a giant ape who will defeat the monster.

    1. Re:You know how these things go by TheKidWho · · Score: 1, Offtopic

      What happens to the Ape after Godzilla is taken care of?

      Apes are too hairy to just freeze to death you know... You should really think your plans through!

    2. Re:You know how these things go by Canazza · · Score: 1, Offtopic

      need a giant snake... that'll freeze to death in winter, and make excellent handbags

      --
      It pays to be obvious, especially if you have a reputation for being subtle.
    3. Re:You know how these things go by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      I would have thought it was obvious what happens to the giant ape.

      It grabs a random female in skimpy clothing, climbs the Empire State Building, and gets shot down by bi-planes.

    4. Re:You know how these things go by TheKidWho · · Score: 2

      Pshh, that only happens in movies you unrealistic clod!

    5. Re:You know how these things go by nanoflower · · Score: 1

      So it will probably grab Britney Spears or Paris Hilton since they always seem to be seen in skimpy clothes... That way we all win.

  11. More reduncancy is good... by John+Hasler · · Score: 1

    ...but it would be nice to have the landings more widely distributed, especially on the US Atlantic coast.

    --
    Warning: this article may contain humor, sarcasm, parody, and perhaps even irony. Read at your own risk.
    1. Re:More reduncancy is good... by adnonsense · · Score: 1

      Yes, but then they'd have to route the cable through the Panama Canal.

    2. Re:More reduncancy is good... by John+Hasler · · Score: 1

      No, they'd just have to not route 75% or so of them through New York.

      --
      Warning: this article may contain humor, sarcasm, parody, and perhaps even irony. Read at your own risk.
  12. Woo Hoo! by Cornwallis · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    A faster and more direct tube to receive Chinese spam.

    1. Re:Woo Hoo! by buchner.johannes · · Score: 1

      A faster and more direct tube for Chinese to receive US spam.

      44u. http://www.spamhaus.org/statistics/countries.lasso

      --
      NB: The message above might reflect my opinion right now, but not necessarily tomorrow or next year.
  13. Wow! by kurt555gs · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    Asian bathroom pron, without buffering!

    --
    * Carthago Delenda Est *
  14. Great Firewall... by garatheus · · Score: 1

    Surely the firewalls and censorship that happens in China kind of defeats the purpose of faster connections between the Far East and the USA?

    1. Re:Great Firewall... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Perhaps that's why the cable between Japan and the US is being laid in the ocean, rather than through China...

    2. Re:Great Firewall... by Yvan256 · · Score: 1

      I don't know which parallel universe you're from, but in this one Japan isn't part of China.

    3. Re:Great Firewall... by The+Cisco+Kid · · Score: 1

      You seem to assume that it is impossible that a Chinese ISP might interconnect with a Japanese ISP for transit to the US.

    4. Re:Great Firewall... by Yvan256 · · Score: 1

      The way the summary says it, it's a Japan-America optic cable. I guess one goal would be to route around such problems.

    5. Re:Great Firewall... by FreakyGreenLeaky · · Score: 1

      :D Don't be too hard on the poor chap. garatheus is probably from the USA, so he also believes the Far East is New York, and Australia is part of Africa, or something.

  15. intercontinental railway by tverbeek · · Score: 1

    Will there be a ceremonial connection of a golden coupler when the cables meet in the middle?

    --
    http://alternatives.rzero.com/
  16. Obligatory Stephenson Wired article by Max+Romantschuk · · Score: 1

    Back in 1996 Neal Stephenson wrote a really excellent article, "Mother Earth Mother Board" in Wired. If you're curious about what it actually takes to wire the world it's a really excellent read.

    Paged:
    http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/4.12/ffglass.html

    Single-page:
    http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/4.12/ffglass_pr.html

    --
    .: Max Romantschuk :: http://max.romantschuk.fi/
    1. Re:Obligatory Stephenson Wired article by CrashNBrn · · Score: 2, Funny

      So I generally have a pretty good attention span...
      But 56 pages, is there a diploma afterwards?

    2. Re:Obligatory Stephenson Wired article by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      I was just purging a bunch of old Wired magazines. And I found this issue. I will save this one for ever!
      The issue is a stark contrast to the wimpy magazine that Wired has become. That issue, with Stephenson's long superb article, is almost 300 pages long, more than twice the current issues. The November issue before it was also 300 pages with Bruce Sterling's Burning man article. Such great writing, such massive content. Where is it now?

        Oh how the mighty have fallen !

    3. Re:Obligatory Stephenson Wired article by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      C'mon, look at the guy's other books. Cryptonomicon is about 10000 pages. You expect him to fit a conversation about cable into less than 50 pages?

    4. Re:Obligatory Stephenson Wired article by Max+Romantschuk · · Score: 1

      No, but the writing really is so good it's worth reading.

      Whoever said it had to be done in one sitting? ;)

      --
      .: Max Romantschuk :: http://max.romantschuk.fi/
  17. 10,000 km in 10 days! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    That's a fair clip. No wonder fiber beats satellite. A ton of bandwidth, low latency and only ten days to install. A satellite must still take the better part of a day to install from launch at least.

  18. More Asian spam volume? by swb · · Score: 1

    Is that what this is for?

  19. How much of that cost is the cable? by TheSunborn · · Score: 2, Interesting

    How much of that cost is the cable?

    1. Re:How much of that cost is the cable? by vlm · · Score: 3, Informative

      How much of that cost is the cable?

      http://www.isp-planet.com/business/fiber_price_bol.html

      On land rural jobs cost about $15K/mile. On land super-urban jobs cost about $500K/mile. The difference is permits, corruption, kickbacks, etc. Also scaling is important, "one job in Montana" may be hundreds of miles, and "one job in Manhatten" may be measured in feet, but the fixed costs are... fixed... so the cost per mile seems higher on the short jobs.

      If you assume underwater fiber costs around as much as the total cost of cheap rural route, the 6200 mile route times 16K/mile equals about $100M. That makes sense, since the whole job is only supposed to cost about $300M.

      Repairing fiber is somewhat more difficult than laying fiber because it's time sensitive. But then again they probably charge by the hour anyway. Since a "several day" repair job approaches $10M, if you assume that is 4 days at $10M total, that would be about $2.5M per day. The little row boat they're using is going to take about 40 days to paddle across the pond, 40 days * $2.5M a day conveniently works out to about $100M. That makes sense, since the whole job is only supposed to cost about $300M.

      Add in the usual admin overhead, several multimillion dollar executive bonuses, engineering work, station gear at each endpoint, marketing and sales upfront expenses including slashvertisements, booze, coke, etc, I think they could blow somewhat less than $100M on that.

      My labor estimate is probably about right for overtime repair work and a bit high for contracted construction work. My estimate for overhead may be a bit high. That means the cost of the cable itself probably is about $125M to $150M.

      --
      "Science flies us to the moon. Religion flies us into buildings." - Victor Stenger
    2. Re:How much of that cost is the cable? by DarthVain · · Score: 1

      Sounds pretty cheap to me, particularly when you consider the specialized ships and expertise and whatnot you require for this type of work. Perhaps the got a volume discount.

      300 Million / 10,000 Km = 30,000$/Km

      That is everything, including the cable.

      I know it isn't the same thing but I know of underwater electrical cable that cost something like 10,000$/Foot... just to put it in perspective. (That was for a wind power project located on an island that had to run a power cable from their substation to the grid, only a couple of kilometers away, running the cable was a major part of the overall cost of the wind farm)

  20. Megalodon by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They better watch out while laying that cable or they're going to attract the Megalodon.

  21. Copper by LtGordon · · Score: 1

    "The cable ... has the theoretical capacity of 7.68 Tbps, but will be set at a capacity of about 4.8 Tbps (supposedly equivalent to about 75 million simultaneous phone calls) during its initial use."

    We've come a long way from copper telegraph lines.

    1. Re:Copper by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Iron. Not copper. The first ones were iron.

    2. Re:Copper by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yeah, but I don't get the "supposedly equivalent to about 75 million..." in the summary. About? Supposedly? A standard phone line is a DS0; 64kbps. That would fit EXACTLY 75 million times in a 4.8Tbps link!

  22. More fiber by Yvan256 · · Score: 2, Funny

    Isn't that also what the bread companies keep trying to sell us?

  23. Relations by Blakey+Rat · · Score: 1

    it is projected to increase internet traffic capacity between the two regions by over 20%, a wonderful boost to transpacific relations!

    Man, I hate those Japanese! And they hate us too!

    (More internet bandwidth)

    Suddenly we both love each other! Awww...

  24. yay! by Lord+Ender · · Score: 1

    More people who don't speak English will be on my team in L4D! That's great for teamwork, right?

    --
    A slashdotter who didn't build his own computer is like a Jedi who didn't build his own lightsaber.
  25. I need easier to understand units by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    How many Library of Congress per second does it equal?

  26. Not really by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    that firewall can be used 2 ways. While today, it keeps citizens from seeing the truth, what everybody is missing is that someday down the road, that same 'firewall' will be used to protect China, while they will launch massive cyber attacks against EU, Canada, US, Australia, Mexico, and the rest of the western nations.

  27. BitTorrent by bernywork · · Score: 2, Funny

    And the cable will be full of BitTorrent traffic in 5..4..3...2.. There we go!

    Upgrade time again!

    --
    Curiosity was framed; ignorance killed the cat. -- Author unknown
  28. 20% more spam by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Fantastic, now we'll see 20% more spam as a result of this too. Thanks Google.

  29. be careful by pak9rabid · · Score: 1

    Let's just hope this cable doesn't get run by any dolphins or whales, er I mean cows or chickens.

    1. Re:be careful by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      love the south park reference!

  30. This is Google's Glomar Explorer by turtleshadow · · Score: 1

    I think this is just Google's Glomar Explorer. I'm sure they are not interested at all to be mining all those data packets for intel. This is a complete altruistic - do no evil - venture to improve transatlantic relations

    1. Re:This is Google's Glomar Explorer by John+Hasler · · Score: 1

      Sure. They have no interest at all in reducing their costs.

      --
      Warning: this article may contain humor, sarcasm, parody, and perhaps even irony. Read at your own risk.
  31. In related news... by proc_tarry · · Score: 1

    In related news, outsourcing from US to East Asia has increased by 20%!

  32. How 70s! let's use hdls instead of 64 voice links by Madman · · Score: 1

    surely using uncompressed telephone calls as a measure of bandwidth is a bit outdated? 4.8Tb is 75 million 64K uncompressed telephone calls. c'mon, get real!

    Instead let's measure bandwidth by hdls units, 1 High Definition Lost Season is a pretty impressive measure of bandwidth, and by my reckoning 4.8Tb is about 100 hdls/second. That's a big pipe!

  33. Yea! Faster Far East Outsourcing!!!! by mediis · · Score: 1

    I can't wait for the job postings once this mother is turned up to full!

  34. Can't wait by raju1kabir · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Looking forward to this here in Malaysia. Global Transit's HQ is just 200m from my house. When I see the truck pulling the final bit of cable wet and dripping from its long sea voyage, I'll slip the dudes a few bucks to tap a slice off for me.

    Seriously, though, this is a country where almost all content of interest is foreign: unlike Japan or Thailand, say, there's no significant local-language content industry. Everyone reads English and/or Chinese and therefore skips straight past the homegrown small-potatoes sites, on to the major international sites (in fact I think most Americans would be surprised how well-integrated Malaysians are into the American view of the web). Every little bit of overseas capacity makes a big difference. Most Malaysian users' home broadband is capped to a measly maximum 4mbps because demand for bandwidth so far outstrips supply.

    --
    "Patriotism is your conviction that this country is superior to all other countries because you were born in it." -- GBS
    1. Re:Can't wait by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      malaysia boleh!

    2. Re:Can't wait by phantomcircuit · · Score: 1

      Most Malaysian users' home broadband is capped to a measly maximum 4mbps because demand for bandwidth so far outstrips supply.

      Sadly that is higher than many Americans.

    3. Re:Can't wait by raju1kabir · · Score: 1

      Yeah, but our neighbours across the southern bridge can get 100mbps, plus look at how happy they are in that photo. I mean, I understand why he's happy, but why are the girls so thrilled? Dude set up their 100mpbs service with a Linksys b/g router that can't push half that speed.

      --
      "Patriotism is your conviction that this country is superior to all other countries because you were born in it." -- GBS
  35. 75 million? by adenied · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The article submitter seems skeptical of 4.8 Tbps being 75 million simultaneous calls.

    So is 4.8 Tbps really 75 million simultaneous phone calls? Let's do some simple calculations. If we want to go with exactly 4.8 Tbps we can say that's 480 OC-192 circuits. An OC-192 is equivalent to 192 DS3s. So that gives us 92,160 DS3s. Each DS3 carries 28 T1s. So that's 2,580,480 T1 circuits. Ignoring signaling channels and going with a standard DS0 signal of 64 kbps you have 24 channels per T1. Uh oh, that only gets us 61,931,520 voice circuits.

    So where do we get 75 million from? Bad math actually, at least as far as any telecom geek is concerned. If you take 4,800,000,000,000 bps and divide that by 64,000 bps you get exactly 75,000,000. This is very simplified though no matter what the technology being used is. It ignores any overhead in framing and other signaling. Be it traditional telecom circuits like DS3s or packet type networks, you're always going to have overhead. You also need signaling channels to control your voice traffic (unless you want to be old school and use in-band MF or DTMF or something, but I digress). If that's SIP or SS7 or Q.931 ISDN D-channels, you're still taking up space with it.

    I guess all this says is what most people on Slashdot probably already know. Bandwidth is just a number. What you can do with it is an entirely different question.

    1. Re:75 million? by phantomcircuit · · Score: 1

      Voice conversations are 64 kbps? That seems pretty high, is that assuming fixed bitrate and not variable bitrate?

    2. Re:75 million? by petermgreen · · Score: 1

      That is the traditional standard for void calls, 8 bits per sample (though the sampling scale isn't linear giving a wider dynamic range), 8KHz sampling rate, no compression (phone network digitisation came before data compression of realtime voice was considered cost effective)

      --
      note: i'm known as plugwash most places but i screwd up registering that here somehow in the past and now can't register
    3. Re:75 million? by adenied · · Score: 1

      This goes to the core of digital telephony. Analog circuits have a bandwidth of about 4 kHz since human voice falls into a pretty narrow band of audible frequencies between 300 and 3400 Hz. The Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem (usually just called the Nyquist Theorem) states that sampling rate needs to be at least twice the highest frequency, hence an 8 kHz sample rate (note, I'm summarizing here big time). The original digital voice circuits used an 8-bit sample. 8000 * 8 = 64,000.

      ITU-T G.711 is the codec standard for all of this. There's a lot of other codecs out there that can be used in the VOIP world, however they are generally at a cost of quality. Some are better than others though. All TDM telephony is 64 kbps though.

      Except of course when it's not. Historically some voice circuits were 56 kbps due to an encoding system called Robbed-bit signaling (RBS). RBS is well beyond the scope of this discussion though. I'd suggest picking up an introductory book on digital telephony or reading some easy to find webpages if you want further information.

  36. Re:How 70s! let's use hdls instead of 64 voice lin by Locke2005 · · Score: 1

    4.8Tb is about 100 hdls/second. That's a big pipe! Put it in units everyone can understand: 4.8Tbps is about 100 XXX DVDs per second!

    --
    I've abandoned my search for truth; now I'm just looking for some useful delusions.
  37. Re:paging Neal Stephenson by Stupendoussteve · · Score: 1

    Stop trolling, gawd!
    Obviously someone is not very well read.

    Lets keep the gold for ourselves.

  38. I thought... by SnarfQuest · · Score: 1

    I thought all these things went TO Japan, not from it. you know, Godzilla, Mothra, etc.
    Have thay gotten pissed off enough that their sending out their own Transpacific Unity Fiber Optic Cable? Couldn't they have thought of a better and shorter name, like Transpa? It sounds like it doesn't even have atomic breath. What kind of a cheap monster is this, anyway?

    --
    Who would win this election: Andrew Weiner vs Andrew Weiner's weiner.
  39. Wii games by wed128 · · Score: 1

    Great, now the asians can kick my ass at mario kart with less impact on global bandwidth...

  40. Higher capacity fiber... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Does this mean we will upgrade to Haiku v2.0?

  41. Hello Kitty! by Geotopia · · Score: 1

    Are these dates real? The leave Japan on 1 November and get to the US by 11 November?! I waited 5 years for 1Mbps DSL in my neighborhood and that was only 20,000 feet from the CO, and these guys can move 4.8Tbps a thousand miles in 10 days?!

    The cost is pretty good too. $300M is only 3/100 of 1% of the $787B stimulus package. I think Google got a much better deal all around that the American tax payer.

  42. How does this stuff _work_? by RichiH · · Score: 1

    Has anyone a good link that explains, in some depth, how they do this? You have a ship (or more) and they haul the cable to the surface. OK. But what _exactly_ is involved?