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Kyoto Prize Laureate Unsnarls Electronic Networks

An anonymous reader writes "Electronic networks — from wireless cellular to the Internet — are often too big to simulate node-by-node, but new uses of graph theory are unsnarling them, according to former Microsoft Research fellow and electronics-guru Laszlo Lovasz, who spoke at the Kyoto Prize Symposium this week. 'We are identifying what is common to these networks—mathematically—so that even very large networks can be accurately modeled,' said Lovasz. He also showed some very cool methods that anybody can use to make any network--even simple organizational charts--easier to read. And even if you don't use them for real work, they are just fun to play with (his app, for instance, allows you to input a random network, which it then redraws right before your eyes so no connections cross over each other, making them extremely legible)."

36 comments

  1. "so no connections cross over each other" by SquirrelDeth · · Score: 1

    Never cross streams dudes.

    1. Re:"so no connections cross over each other" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Informative

      There is something wrong with the summary. An elementary result of graph theory is that some graphs are not planar, i.e. that some graphs cannot be drawn in a plane without any edges crossing.

    2. Re:"so no connections cross over each other" by degeneratemonkey · · Score: 1

      That fact would indeed be relevant if the claim here had anything to do with graphs being drawn in a plane without any edges crossing. Granted, TFS is misleading in this regard; but RTFA.

    3. Re:"so no connections cross over each other" by Zerth · · Score: 2

      Indeed, the sample program even comes with at least one graph that forms a star because it can't be uncrossed.

    4. Re:"so no connections cross over each other" by Jurily · · Score: 1

      An elementary result of graph theory is that some graphs are not planar,

      Don't bring math into a discussion about math. This is Slashdot.

    5. Re:"so no connections cross over each other" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes, but for those that are... it's a gplanarity bot!

  2. asda by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    > (his app, for instance, allows you to input a random network, which it then redraws right before your eyes so no connections cross over each other, making them extremely legible)."

    Isn't that kind of thing ANCIENT? Decades old?

    1. Re:asda by pjt33 · · Score: 2

      I know Tarjan published a paper on it in the 70s because I once tried to implement it.

    2. Re:asda by OeLeWaPpErKe · · Score: 2, Informative

      TFA is not all that useful in actually mentioning what this guy did. It only mentions Lovazs' local lemma (a way to create existential proofs, which is a proof that something exists that does not show the thing whose existence it proves).

      Lovasz on wikipedia

      And the guy has an Erdos number of 1, so he's probably a good mathematician.

      Existential proofs are sometimes frustrating things as they do not answer the obvious question "well it exists, so what the bloody hell is it ?". Sometimes hundreds of year pass between the finding of an existential proof and a constructive one, meaning that constructive math is generally perceived to be more limited in scope than non-constructive mathematics. But this has not been proven, and over the years constructivist math has sometimes caught up, sometimes lost ground. An example is that there has been long disagreement between constructivist and non-constructivists about whether the square root of 2 existed. An existential proof of irrationality is easy to come by, in dozens of versions, and only much later it became known how to represent the actual number.

    3. Re:asda by gilleain · · Score: 2

      I know Tarjan published a paper on it in the 70s because I once tried to implement it.

      He did (Hopcroft and Tarjan, 1973). There are some more recent approaches, too. I've read, and should try implementing, one by Boyer and Myrvold (2004). I really suffer from "not-invented-here" syndrome as I know of at least one implementation in the language I want it in :)

    4. Re:asda by gilleain · · Score: 2

      Ha! Also, on actually RTFA, I notice that the link to the "rubber band" software is called "Tutte.zip" - presumably it is this Tutte. I think it involves fixing a cycle of the graph as an outer face, and applying a kind of simulated annealing (optimisation) approach to layout the other vertices.

  3. Interesting... by thefun · · Score: 2

    in 2008 Laszlo Lovasz was awared the biggest annual award in computer science

  4. Auto-ordering graphs? yed has done this for years. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

    As the subject says: yed does not only allow you to lay the connections (I don't like the term "edges". It's counter-intuitive to me.) so that they do not cross
      It allows you do set a buttload of parameters and use different algorithms like organic, hierarchical, orthogonal, circle, tree for the nodes and the connections. You can even make it change the laying of connections separately.
    It's a fairly mature program too.

  5. Killer app for this tech by Yoik · · Score: 1

    I hope someone over at Eve Maps codes this in to make more sense of the galaxy.

  6. Lovasz is better know for his mathematics... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Lovasz is a famous mathematician working in areas of combinatorics at the edge of computer science, but describing him as an "electronics guru" is simply weird...

  7. The app's a little beside the point by kevinatilusa · · Score: 4, Informative

    After all, it deals with a graph whose nodes and connections are already known exactly.

    The more interesting part comes when you move to a graph like the link structure or underlying router structure of the internet, which is both orders of magnitude larger and changing rapidly -- even if you could take a perfect snapshot of it, by the time you finished analyzing that snapshot the network would have changed quite a bit in the meantime.

    What Lovasz has been doing recently with his work on "graph limits" is providing a framework for analyzing such graphs. You can imagine global properties of the network approaching some sort of fixed equilibrium and hope to analyze that equilibrium without actually knowing the details of how the network is changing. I don't actually know if the work has been used in practical applications yet, but the concept goes far beyond just redrawing planar graphs.

    1. Re:The app's a little beside the point by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      After all, it deals with a graph whose nodes and connections are already known exactly.

      The more interesting part comes when you move to a graph like the link structure or underlying router structure of the internet, which is both orders of magnitude larger and changing rapidly -- even if you could take a perfect snapshot of it, by the time you finished analyzing that snapshot the network would have changed quite a bit in the meantime.

      Check out the P2P connections in Vuze sometime. :)

  8. Re:Could that be applied to our brain? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Goatse Alert!

  9. Re:Auto-ordering graphs? yed has done this for yea by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Informative

    Another great piece of graphing software: Cytoscape.

  10. 10 years late is cutting edge at MS by emeade · · Score: 1

    CASE tools could untangle graphs in 1999.

    1. Re:10 years late is cutting edge at MS by mevets · · Score: 3, Informative

      dot,dotty (now graphvis) beats that by another 10 years....

  11. Graphviz by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I wonder how graphviz's algorithms stand up in comparison and whether it could benefit from this work.

    1. Re:Graphviz by homey+of+my+owney · · Score: 1

      I wonder where we can take a look at this app. Anybody know?

    2. Re:Graphviz by ZipK · · Score: 4, Informative

      I wonder where we can take a look at this app. Anybody know?

      You can find yEd at http://www.yworks.com./ You can find Graphviz at http://www.graphviz.org./

  12. Re:nobel math; how many versions of the truth by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    The genuine Native-American elders' rising Bird-of-Prey leadership initiative (Teepeeleakes Etchings)

    Brilliant prose. Who knew, the native Indians were the inspiration for the Wikileaks organization.

  13. Well it sounds like ok stuff by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Before I studied CS (and graph theory) in university, I had gone to college and studied Electronics Engineering for 2 years, then got a job for an electronics design and manufacturing company building industrial control equipment (RTU's, SCADA controllers, magnetic amplifiers (mag amps) for very high power control for petrochemical manufacturers (5000V at 10000 Amps), etc.). One of the bigger problems when laying out a printed circuit board with many chips is where to put the chips so that you have the least number of circuit lines crossing from one side of the board to the other (so as not to short out other lines, etc). Thru holes cost money, and shorter circuit trace lines are more efficient in terms of signal time and current, especially if the fan out of one chip is very close to (but less than) the fan in of another. Some graph theory algorithms are useful for solving this problem, and I wonder if these findings can help make that process faster. Graph Theory: its not just for shortest path ambulance routing, internet packet routing, ship, rail, plane and truck routing, machine tool path efficiency, and shortest set of chemical steps to create medicine anymore!

  14. Now we only need by bugs2squash · · Score: 4, Informative

    Single layer PCBs. The free copy of Eagle is much more useful.

    --
    Nullius in verba
  15. Buffer Bloat by seifried · · Score: 1

    Will it simulate buffer bloat accurately?

  16. Re:Auto-ordering graphs? yed has done this for yea by tgv · · Score: 1

    And OmniGraffle does this too, but they most likely all derive their functionality from GraphViz.

  17. great by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Now we need something that can make the history tree of operating systems legible.

  18. Autoroute? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    "his app, for instance, allows you to input a random network, which it then redraws right before your eyes so no connections cross over each other, making them extremely legible"

    Sounds like what autoroute does when you're laying out a PCB.

  19. The armchair QB big talker spouting drivel again? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Man, shut the hell up already you big talking goof. You're not amusing and you offer zero valid advisement in any and all of your posts. Please, don't waste our time on this forums anymore with your drivel.