Hubble Discovers Water Plumes Over Europa

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Hubble Discovers Water Plumes Over Europa

Posted by samzenpus on Thursday December 12, 2013 @12:05PM from the thar-she-blows dept.

astroengine writes "Scientists using the Hubble Space Telescope have found plumes of water vapor shooting off the southern pole of Europa, an ice-covered moon of Jupiter that is believed to have an underground ocean. If confirmed — so far the plumes have only been spotted once — the finding could have implications for the moon's suitability for life and help explain why its surface appears relatively young and crater-free. "The plumes are incredibly exciting, if they are there. They're bringing up material from in the ocean, perhaps there's organic material that will be laying on the surface of the south pole. Those are the things that we want to know about," James Green, head of NASA's planetary science programs, told reporters at the American Geophysical Union conference in San Francisco on Thursday."

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Hmmm by MightyMartian · 2013-12-12 12:11 · Score: 4, Interesting

Presuming these plumes are not one off events, couldn't we send an orbiter there to sample the plumes to at least get some idea of the chemistry of Europa's ocean, if not possibly outright detect signs of life?

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The world's burning. Moped Jesus spotted on I50. Details at 11.
1. Re:Hmmm by noh8rz10 · 2013-12-12 12:31 · Score: 2
  
  If there's organic matter on the surface, maybe it's a source of foods?i would be concerned that it would be too high in carbs.
2. Re:Hmmm by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-12 12:39 · Score: 2, Funny
  
  Sorry!
  All these worlds
  are yours except
  Europa
  Attempt No
  Landing there
3. Re:Hmmm by ackthpt · 2013-12-12 12:45 · Score: 1
  
  Sorry!
  All these worlds
  are yours except
  Europa
  Attempt No
  Landing there
  All we'd find is a bunch of surfing apes.
  
  --
  
  A feeling of having made the same mistake before: Deja Foobar
4. Re:Hmmm by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-12 13:03 · Score: 0
  
  Yeah, we could do that, and with an orbiter we'd technically be attempting no landing there!
5. Re:Hmmm by erice · 2013-12-12 13:32 · Score: 4, Informative
  
  Presuming these plumes are not one off events, couldn't we send an orbiter there to sample the plumes to at least get some idea of the chemistry of Europa's ocean, if not possibly outright detect signs of life?
  Yes, and according to the BBC article NASA researchers hope to do just that. However, Europa Clipper is expensive and long way off. They are hoping that a European probe due to launch in 2022 (like that is close) will do the job even though is not intended to go over the poles, which is where the plumes were seen.
6. Re:Hmmm by green+is+the+enemy · 2013-12-12 13:51 · Score: 4, Insightful
  
  The radiation environment around Europa most likely breaks apart any complex molecules that came from the ocean. The best possibility is a lander that would dig into the regolith. Unfortunately, looks like the Juno mission will not help even with locating landing spots on Europa. Its camera is too wide-angle.
7. Re:Hmmm by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-12 18:18 · Score: 0
  
  Perhaps the US could ask China to kindly run the mission to Europa for the good of mankind. They might just be viewed as worthy of being the future greatest nation on Earth. Nope. Not gonna happen unless the US borrows the money from China first.
8. Re:Hmmm by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-12 20:28 · Score: 0
  
  Presuming these plumes are not one off events, couldn't we send an orbiter there to sample the plumes to at least get some idea of the chemistry of Europa's ocean, if not possibly outright detect signs of life?
  I think there are similar plumes in some places on Earth. Couldn't we let ISS sample one of those?
  I don't think sampling plumes from an orbiter is reasonable.
9. Re:Hmmm by Pino+Grigio · 2013-12-12 23:51 · Score: 1
  
  I would think that having liquid water may or may not be a necessary condition for life, but it certainly isn't sufficient. At least for Abiogenesis, I would have thought a vibrant chemical and energy environment, such as that provided by hydrothermal vents from an active core, were far more important within certain ranges. Although it would be exciting and interesting to send subs down there to see what there is, my expectation would be that it's sterile.
10. Re:Hmmm by daem0n1x · 2013-12-13 00:03 · Score: 1
  
  I live in the south of Europe and haven't noticed any plumes. But the signs of life are abundant.
11. Re:Hmmm by newcastlejon · 2013-12-13 00:31 · Score: 1
  
  Plumes on Earth tend not to be anywhere near 125 miles high.
  
  --
  If God forks the Universe every time you roll a die, he'd better have a damned good memory.
12. Re:Hmmm by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-13 05:41 · Score: 0
  
  I don't think the surface of Europa qualifies as regolith. I'd say the best possibility would be a lander that could melt (into) the surface.
13. Re:Hmmm by mcgrew · 2013-12-13 05:53 · Score: 1
  
  So, we really DID dig a big trench on the moon and send humans to Jupiter ten years ago?
  *shakes head in wonder*
  
  --
  Free Martian Whores!
In europa, by TechnoCore · 2013-12-12 12:17 · Score: 2

No rain today, just snow
1. Re:In europa, by alphonse23 · 2013-12-12 12:45 · Score: 3, Funny
  
  Not just snow, giant chunks of ice crashing into the ground. "Aww, snow -- how pretty -- (then) -- KABOOOM!"
No Subject by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-12 12:30 · Score: 0, Funny

all these worlds
are yours except
europa
attempt no
landing there
Meanwhile, SETI has decoded a message . . . by PolygamousRanchKid+ · 2013-12-12 12:32 · Score: 4, Funny

. . . "Have Leak! Send Plumber!" . . .
. . . believed to have originated from Europa . . .

--
Schroedinger's Brexit: The UK is both in and out of the EU at the same time!
1. Re:Meanwhile, SETI has decoded a message . . . by Guppy06 · 2013-12-12 13:22 · Score: 3, Funny
  
  The only space-faring plumbers we have spend most of their time saving princesses.
2. Re:Meanwhile, SETI has decoded a message . . . by IrquiM · 2013-12-12 22:24 · Score: 1
  
  I've seen the need for space-faring ROVs and AUVs for a few years now. Not convinced the management yet though.
  
  --
  This is blinging
3. Re:Meanwhile, SETI has decoded a message . . . by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-12 23:28 · Score: 1
  
  If it is an air-condition issue, Harry Tuttle is the best heating engineer around (as long as the job does not involve PAPERWORK!)
4. Re:Meanwhile, SETI has decoded a message . . . by mcgrew · 2013-12-13 05:58 · Score: 1
  
  Nonsense, they fixed this leak.
  
  --
  Free Martian Whores!
old news by Charliemopps · 2013-12-12 12:39 · Score: 3, Informative

We've known about the plumes for a long time:
http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/LPSC99/pdf/1603.pdf
This is just direct confirmation of what we already knew about.
It's pretty clear Europa probably has some form of life under the ice. The odds are definitely in it's favor. It's just a matter of confirming it, just like these plumes. The really exciting bit will be if it's multicellular or even fish like animals. I really hope I live long enough to see it.
1. Re:old news by MightyMartian · 2013-12-12 12:47 · Score: 3, Funny
  
  Perhaps they've evolved a better congressman.
  
  --
  The world's burning. Moped Jesus spotted on I50. Details at 11.
2. Re:old news by amaurea · 2013-12-12 13:00 · Score: 4, Insightful
  
  We've known about the plumes for a long time:
  http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/LPSC99/pdf/1603.pdf
  This is just direct confirmation of what we already knew about.
  That paper talks about the possility that one might observe plumes, as one of several possible explanations for the terrain features seen on Europa. Actually observing such plumes is something else entirely.
  
  It's pretty clear Europa probably has some form of life under the ice. The odds are definitely in it's favor. It's just a matter of confirming it, just like these plumes. The really exciting bit will be if it's multicellular or even fish like animals. I really hope I live long enough to see it.
  How is that clear? On what do you base the claim that the odds are so good that "it's just a matter of confirming it"? I don't think you would find anybody working in that field willing to make that bold claims.
3. Re:old news by icebike · 2013-12-12 13:13 · Score: 4, Insightful
  
  It's pretty clear Europa probably has some form of life under the ice. The odds are definitely in it's favor.
  I don't see how you can get from plumes to life so glibly.
  Plumes can be strictly physical effects of tidal activity.
  
  --
  Sig Battery depleted. Reverting to safe mode.
4. Re:old news by ColdWetDog · 2013-12-12 13:23 · Score: 4, Informative
  
  Better article (with sort of a picture of the phenomenon)
  
  --
  Faster! Faster! Faster would be better!
5. Re:old news by Charliemopps · 2013-12-12 13:23 · Score: 0
  
  That paper talks about the possility that one might observe plumes, as one of several possible explanations for the terrain features seen on Europa. Actually observing such plumes is something else entirely.
  Isn't that
  
  This is just direct confirmation of what we already knew about.
  What I said?
  
  How is that clear? On what do you base the claim that the odds are so good that "it's just a matter of confirming it"? I don't think you would find anybody working in that field willing to make that bold claims.
  Google is your friend:
  
  "I'd be shocked if no life existed on Europa," said Shank, of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
  http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/11/091116-jupiter-moon-life-europa-fish.html
  You don't seem to understand the difference between evidence and proof. We've plenty of evidence, just not the proof.
  I've even go so far as to say I'm relatively sure we'll find life on every planetary body in our solar system. Even the moon. It may only be a few microbes in a lot of cases, but I seriously doubt life is nearly as unique as some believe.
6. Re:old news by Wireless+Joe · 2013-12-12 14:47 · Score: 2
  
  Isn't it obvious? That's not tidal activity, those plumes are breaching moon-whales.
7. Re:old news by khallow · 2013-12-12 15:03 · Score: 1
  
  I've even go so far as to say I'm relatively sure we'll find life on every planetary body in our solar system.
  So what? You have no basis for your surety.
8. Re:old news by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-12 15:08 · Score: 0
  
  There is currently zero evidence of life on Europa. What we have is evidence of water and an often-repeated belief that the presence of water is a precursor to life. There's a huge leap from that to the assumption of life.
9. Re:old news by gl4ss · 2013-12-12 16:58 · Score: 1
  
  a few fossilized microbes on one piece of rock that came from another planet is hardly "finding life".
  
  --
  world was created 5 seconds before this post as it is.
10. Re:old news by cusco · 2013-12-12 18:34 · Score: 2
  
  I don't think they could have evolved a worse one.
  
  --
  "Think about how stupid the average person is. Now, realise that half of them are dumber than that." - George Carlin
11. Re:old news by MichaelSmith · 2013-12-12 21:39 · Score: 1
  
  It's pretty clear Europa probably has some form of life under the ice.
  Got a citation for that? Evidence rather than supposition?
  
  --
  http://michaelsmith.id.au
12. Re:old news by MichaelSmith · 2013-12-12 21:41 · Score: 1
  
  I've even go so far as to say I'm relatively sure we'll find life on every planetary body in our solar system. Even the moon. It may only be a few microbes in a lot of cases, but I seriously doubt life is nearly as unique as some believe.
  Life on Earth is obvious. Why are other planets different?
  
  --
  http://michaelsmith.id.au
13. Re:old news by TapeCutter · 2013-12-13 00:14 · Score: 1
  
  I don't think anyone is claiming the plumes are a result of life.
  
  We don't know what's under the ice but we can make an educated guess and say things like, it's almost certain it will have organic compounds, it's highly probable it will have simple cells if what we understand about the origins of life on Earth and deep sea volcanic vents is correct, if the ocean is oxygenated via some process, protein chains such a colognes (that bind cells together) can exist so it may have multi-cellular life, it's very unlikely to have nuclear submarines. No oxygen and no sunlight is not a problem to extremophile bacteria that can extract energy directly from minerals in the rock such as sulphur and uranium.
  
  Of course at the end of the day, it's just speculation. If your own informed speculation leads you to think (single celled) life under Europa's ice is unlikely then you hold the minority scientific view. Still it's a Schrodinger Moon, you can't know if what is inside is alive or dead until you open it up and observe it, personally I hope I live to see a autonomous submarine rover trying to outrun a giant Europan squid, but I doubt I will live that long.
  
  --
  And did you exchange a walk on part in the war for a lead role in a cage? - Pink Floyd.
14. Re:old news by GameboyRMH · 2013-12-13 01:23 · Score: 1
  
  Sure they could. They could have venomous stingers or acid blood or longer lifespans.
  
  --
  "When information is power, privacy is freedom" - Jah-Wren Ryel
15. Re:old news by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-13 03:15 · Score: 0
  
  They already do, its called a pen.
16. Re:old news by mcgrew · 2013-12-13 06:00 · Score: 1
  
  It's pretty clear Europa probably has some form of life under the ice.
  Really? Just because there's water? You do realize that we found indications that Mars was once warm and wet, with salt and fresh water, yet still no indication there was ever life there?
  It doesn't seem that clear to me. Seems to me that life is pretty damned improbable and is likely really, really rare. We haven't been able to produce it on purpose so it HAS to be a really rare coincidence for it to happen accidentally. I'd wager that the fiction in Nobots is probably right, that life is rare and "found in few galaxies."
  
  --
  Free Martian Whores!
17. Re:old news by rochrist · 2013-12-13 06:44 · Score: 1
  
  Or all three.
18. Re:old news by rosencreuz · 2013-12-13 07:05 · Score: 1
  
  Enough with this already. There's no single fricking day where scientists doesn't find water somewhere outside earth. no wait, they actually found some evidence that there was water somewhere in the distant past. No single actual water molecule so far. Wake me up when water is really found. btw, i don't remember the origin of the saying but very relevant, human mind is very creative, one can look at frosted glass and see whatever he wants to see.
beta by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-12 13:06 · Score: 0

If this is a beta, how do I opt out?
Re:Obligatory. by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-12 13:33 · Score: 0

It's also not obligatory to post the first quote from a movie that pops into your head. Yes, we've seen that movie. Grow the hell up.
Another Hubble story by bob_super · 2013-12-12 13:42 · Score: 2

Can you remind me why a 12th aircraft carrier is a better use of taxpayer money than a bunch of space telescopes?
1. Re:Another Hubble story by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-12 13:53 · Score: 2
  
  Can you remind me why a 12th aircraft carrier is a better use of taxpayer money than a bunch of space telescopes?
  I was going to post a snide comment about congresscritters getting a higher ROI with aircraft. Turns out it isn't so.
  Lockheed (LMT) built Hubble, up 182% in the last decade
  Northrop Grumman (NOC) owns the company that builds aircraft carriers, up 131% in the same time period
  Ignoring other factors, it really is a better investment to fund more space telescopes.
2. Re:Another Hubble story by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-12 14:53 · Score: 2, Interesting
  
  Lockheed Martin also secured a contract for the F-35 and F-22 which is going to be worth over 2 trillion dollars.
  I don't think Hubble had much to do with it.
3. Re:Another Hubble story by wbr1 · 2013-12-12 16:15 · Score: 0
  
  Because fuck you^H^H^H^H^H^H^H^Hterrorists, that's why.
  
  --
  Silence is a state of mime.
4. Re:Another Hubble story by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-13 04:13 · Score: 0
  
  Because building space telescopes requires a lot of skill. Aircraft carrier building mostly uses blue-collar labor. We need more jobs for the America's Got Wife Swap crowd.
5. Re:Another Hubble story by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-18 01:57 · Score: 0
  
  Well... we could weld airlocks to all the hatches stick it on top of a giant steel plate and send it into space.
Re:Obligatory. by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-12 13:43 · Score: 0

Oh, for God's sake, this is Slashdot today. The mature-ish Slashdot you're trumpeting died a long time ago. Get the hell with the program.
Re:Obligatory. by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-12 13:47 · Score: 0

Especially after it's been posted 3 times already.
Re:Obligatory. by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-12 14:14 · Score: 0

Oh so mature ;) Btw, that quote is from the book, not the movie.
Re:Obligatory. by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-12 14:35 · Score: 0

I've been here for 15 years; Ogg the caveman, the penis-bird, and naked and petrified Natalie Portman with hot grits all tell me that Slashdot was never mature.
Re:We could by Froboz23 · 2013-12-12 15:00 · Score: 2

You have been drinking your whiskey from Kentucky!

--
Take off every Sig. For great justice.
Rocket liftoff from Europa. by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-12 16:10 · Score: 0

Maybe an intelligent alien life form under the ocean just sent a spaceship to outerspace.
1. Re:Rocket liftoff from Europa. by mysidia · 2013-12-12 16:14 · Score: 1
  
  Maybe an intelligent alien life form under the ocean just sent a spaceship to outerspace.
  Or a test fire of a new ballistic missile, with the capacity to destroy a planet.
  Its effectiveness to be determined, after it hits the third planet, and they determine whether they see a planet with no intelligent life on it incinerated.
longevity and mass production by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-12 17:27 · Score: 0

American aircraft carriers last for 50 years, and have a lower incremental cost. It costs a LOT of money to develop a good aircraft carrier, and to get the infrastructure in place to build one. Having a single shipyard in steady production has a lower per unit cost. If America didn't already have the expertise and infrastructure to build aircraft carriers, I would not build any.
pretty clear? by pr100 · 2013-12-12 19:29 · Score: 1

Odds definitely in favour? How do you even go about assigning odds to something like life on Europa?
Plumes don't "confirm" the existence of life. It could be that water makes life more likely - if we're assuming that other life has somewhat similar processes to life on Earth - but we knew there was water on Europa anyway.
1. Re:pretty clear? by TapeCutter · 2013-12-13 00:30 · Score: 1
  
  The "excitement" is about the possibility of sampling the water as was done by the Cassini probe for one of Saturn's moons (Hyperion?) that has similar plumes. Cassini detected organic compounds in those plumes, so the "building blocks of life" are in the sub-surface ocean of that moon. Hardly surprising since the universe is chock full of organic compounds, the most interesting bit with these moons is that the organics are dissolved in liquid water beneath the surface and tidal forces are strong enough to created deep sea volcanic vents (the convection currents and lipid rich water around these vents is where "rock eating" single celled organisms almost certainly first emerged on Earth).
  
  --
  And did you exchange a walk on part in the war for a lead role in a cage? - Pink Floyd.
2. Re:pretty clear? by Maritz · 2013-12-13 06:05 · Score: 1
  
  Water under 100km of ice is a problem for life, because you want to have some cycling of materials from the surface down to the ocean. In 'Unmasking Europa' Richard Greenberg makes a very compelling (in my opinion) case that the icy crust is much thinner than this, as can particularly be seen in melt-through features such as the Connemara Chaos. This, combined with the likelihood that Europa's environment has been stable for billions of years, makes me think it by far the most likely body in the solar system to have life, and indeed even multicellular life. I'm perfectly willing to bet on it but I guess I'd be waiting a loooong time...
  Though with or without these plumes, it would still seem sensible to try to collect some of the icy material sharing Europa's orbit, as this ought to have been ejected from impacts (or perhaps these plumes) - a lot easier to find little (dead of course) critters there than trying to melt through 10km or more of ice.
  
  --
  I do not want your cheap brainburning drugs. They are useless for work. And I am a working man today.
Re:Obligatory. by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-12 21:23 · Score: 0

There are plenty of us who've been here for over 15 years. It's like we're all Peter Pan - we never grew up. Hopefully there aren't too many of us sneaking around kids' bedrooms at night like Peter Pan, though.
Re:Obligatory. by Scarletdown · 2013-12-12 21:25 · Score: 1

Oh so mature ;) Btw, that quote is from the book, not the movie.
Really?

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This space unintentionally left blank.
Whales? by RivenAleem · 2013-12-13 01:34 · Score: 1

This is clearly indicative of the presence of whales under the ice.
Yawn by Junior+J.+Junior+III · 2013-12-13 02:18 · Score: 1

Someone wake me when the Hubble is sending us images of the nude beaches of Europa.

--
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Re:We could by Maritz · 2013-12-13 05:54 · Score: 1

Richard Hoagland..! I wondered if you posted on Slashdot. ;)

--
I do not want your cheap brainburning drugs. They are useless for work. And I am a working man today.
Europa Report by almitydave · 2013-12-13 08:46 · Score: 1

I didn't see anyone else mention it, but there's a decent low-budget sci-fi movie about the first manned mission to Europa where they're looking for life under the ice: Europa Report. I thought it was quite good.

--
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I'm, you're, he's/she's/it's, we're, you're, they're
Obligatory by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-13 09:57 · Score: 0

"Attempt no landing there."
What an original joke by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-14 06:23 · Score: 0

yawn
Does anyone know a link to proper image material? by Anonymous Coward · 2013-12-14 06:26 · Score: 0

I am getting a bit sick of those bullshit artist's impressions...