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Europeans Came From Three Ancestry Groupings

Taco Cowboy writes A recent study by researchers at Harvard Medical School and the University of Tübingen in Germany has found that present day Europeans are descendants of three different groups of people — A near east farmer group, an indigenous hunter gatherer group, and an ancient North Eurasian group from Siberia. "Nearly all Europeans have ancestry from all three ancestral groups," said Iosif Lazaridis, a research fellow in genetics in Reich's lab and first author of the paper. "Differences between them are due to the relative proportions of ancestry. Northern Europeans have more hunter-gatherer ancestry — up to about 50 percent in Lithuanians — and Southern Europeans have more farmer ancestry." The most surprising part of the project, however, was the discovery of the Basal Eurasians. Before Australian Aborigines, New Guineans, South Indians, Native Americans and other indigenous hunter-gatherers split, they split from Basal Eurasians. The study also found that Mediterranean groups such as the Maltese, as well as Ashkenazi Jews, had more Near East ancestry than anticipated, while far northeastern Europeans such as Finns and the Saami, as well as some northern Russians, had more East Asian ancestry in the mix.

85 comments

  1. Jews by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

    "Ashkenazi Jews, had more Near East ancestry than anticipated" What!? Off the cuff I'd think they would have 100% Near Eastern ancestry. How much did they anticipate? Apparently a number less than 100.

    1. Re:Jews by anatoli · · Score: 4, Informative

      This is somewhat more complicated. http://www.livescience.com/402...

      --
      Industrial space for lease in Flatlandia.
    2. Re:Jews by Carewolf · · Score: 1

      "Ashkenazi Jews, had more Near East ancestry than anticipated" What!? Off the cuff I'd think they would have 100% Near Eastern ancestry. How much did they anticipate? Apparently a number less than 100.

      I would have expected close to but not quite 100% German and Polish. Considering most Ashkenazi look in every way Polish and German and spoke a German dialect, the original semetic genes are likely thin.

    3. Re:Jews by Attila+Dimedici · · Score: 1

      Well, the thing is that this study did not compare the genetic makeup of Ashkenazi Jews to that of Germans and Poles. It looked at how much of it came from three ancestral groups which Germans and Poles also descended from. I am going to assume that you would have expected Ashkenazi Jews to have the same proportion of those three groups as Germans and Poles. In order to know if that is a reasonable expectation one would need to know if the Germans and Poles have the same, or close to the same, distribution of genes from those three groups. However, even if they do, I would expect Ashkenazi Jews to have at least twice the percentage of DNA from the Near East group as either the Germans or the Poles.
      Having written the above, I just realized that in order to get a decent idea what percentage of the DNA from the Near East group one would expect in the Ashkenazi, one would really need to know what percentage of the DNA of modern Arabs comes from that group. I would expect Ashkenazi Jews to be somewhere between Arabs and Germans or Poles (whichever of the latter is higher), with it being closer to the Arabs than the European(not more than 50% of the distance and not less than 15% of the difference).

      --
      The truth is that all men having power ought to be mistrusted. James Madison
    4. Re:Jews by sillybilly · · Score: 0

      Being a Jew is not about having semitic genes, though it usually originates as an intermarriage. It's about being in the gang.
      Jews will seek out to blend with people that are "good", "healthy", even if they look different. Especially, they like to keep every single one of their members married and reproduced, but the ones that are, say, "weaker", with say really skinny legs, hereditary diseases that require constant medication, etc, they are the most likely candidates for an interracial or outside of gang marriage, to someone with good muscles, good immune system, no hereditary diseases, and even good intelligence - though that's really hard to measure sometimes -, to improve bloodlines, so to speak, like horses are bred or like any other farm animal, they breed themselves, to where you get semitic Jews that look aryan Greek, or black African, and recently, a really difficult quest, to look asian. Jews are present in every population and control the world, and without them you get issues like you did with the Roman Empire. The citizen's of Rome's main daily preoccupation was the gladiator and lion fights at the Colosseum, like people talk sports today, and they were often very cruel to the people they conquered, which is true of almost anyone who gains power - see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S... the Stanford prison experiment, that inevitably affects any human being, and it needs active training against, - true they had excellent engineers that built roads, aqueducts, and officials that controlled foreign policy of cities and states they conquered without getting much involved in the internal affairs of the people, in a Pontius Pilate style, give the people what they want, even to the point of failing to defend an innocent man within themselves, Jesus, and being under Roman protectorate also meant safety as nobody dare attack you compared to feuding cities and states before. However it leads to issues where perversions that did interfere with essential, core internal issues of a people, such as mandatory introduction of the statue of Caligula the Caesar as a God to be worshiped in all the polytheistic temples around the empire, including the monotheistic temple of Jerusalem, which of course was something that could not be tolerated. The Romans also had a lot of maffiozo gansta style murders in their senate and their leadership, even during the democracy before crossing of the Rubicon and the first Caesar, Augustus. Often these murdered senators would be left on the steps of the public buildings, for weeks, and rotting, and would not be properly buried. What kind of people don't bury their dead? Even the Native Americans take special care of such things, but maybe not their enemies' bodies. So after the destruction of the Temple of Jerusalem by the Romans, the ruins of which are still used as the most important prayer site in Jerusalem, the Jews sort of conquered Rome through Pope Leo that talked Attila out of sacking Rome, and created the Vatican there, and cathedrals to the Jewish one and only God, and have maintained control, so to speak, or much of the European world, except some aberrations here and there, such as Karl Wojtila's, (aka. John Paul the 2nd.) open field Sunday masses in the first metropolis the commies built purposely without a church. That got him to be the first non French or Italian pope ever, Italian popes being exclusive for like the last 500 years before him. Since him being a Polish pope, we had a German Pope, Benedict, and now an Argentinian one, Francis, though they are all Eurasian descent, and then you can debate the degree of European, middle eastern and even far eastern in their genetic makeup. As Europe used to dominate the world, including India and China through colonies and trade, world control was simple, but these days it's becoming difficult with China being the most populous country with the highest GDP, and even India rising, and neither follows Abrahamic Monotheisms, though India suffered greatly, so to

    5. Re:Jews by luis_a_espinal · · Score: 1

      "Ashkenazi Jews, had more Near East ancestry than anticipated" What!? Off the cuff I'd think they would have 100% Near Eastern ancestry. How much did they anticipate? Apparently a number less than 100.

      After living in Eastern Europe for so many centuries as a minority, with continuous gene flows, no, I would expect them to have a significant amount of Northwestern Eurasian genes in them. I mean, just look at them (and I don't mean it in a derogatory manner) and compare them with some other ancient-yet-living Middle Eastern populations (Assyrians, Chaldean, Samaritans, Yemenite Jews, Arabs, and pretty much any other Semitic group that has not migrated out of the Levant, Mesopotamia and/or the Arabic Peninsula.)

      OTH, I (we) have to acknowledge that outward, superficial looks do not equate pure genetic profiles.

    6. Re:Jews by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Dude. Get.Back.On.Your.Meds. Please!!!

    7. Re:Jews by shokk · · Score: 1

      Is this a bot posting?

      --
      "Beware of he who would deny you access to information, for in his heart, he dreams himself your master."
    8. Re:Jews by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No.

  2. Finnish by phantomfive · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Maybe Finnish really is related to Korean, then

    --
    "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
    1. Re:Finnish by colordev · · Score: 1

      Another study suggest finns are mostly related to... finns

    2. Re:Finnish by phantomfive · · Score: 1

      It's a question I don't claim even begin to understand, and I doubt I will ever learn all the languages needed to understand it.

      --
      "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
    3. Re:Finnish by grouchomarxist · · Score: 2

      You don't need to learn languages to do linguistics. You need to learn about languages. It helps to know the languages involved, but if that was required comparative linguistics would get nowhere. Comparative linguistics works by building on the data gathered about the target languages, often by researchers who went to study them.

    4. Re:Finnish by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Maybe Finnish really is related to Korean, then

      I don't spend much time pondering where the Finns came from, I'm just glad they're here. They make mobile phones with awesom cameras, sturdy rubber boots, fine rifles and excellent Vodka although the last two don't necessarily go well to gether. And then there's Finnish women ... mmmmmmmm.......

    5. Re:Finnish by ilguido · · Score: 2

      I did a bit of work on the Altaic language page of wikipedia in the past and I can say it's utter garbage, thanks to the pet theory of one user.

    6. Re:Finnish by jc42 · · Score: 2

      You don't need to learn languages to do linguistics. You need to learn about languages.

      While working on a linguistics minor for my CS degree, I heard a number of versions of the quip that a linguist is someone who knows 100 words in each of 100 different languages. Of course, this should be followed with the observation that the main focus of linguistics is understanding the structures of languages, and vocabulary is interesting only in that it shows relations between languages. This doesn't generally require having a large enough vocabulary to be fluent. Most of the actual linguists I've met are fluent in only a few languages. These are often languages that are radically different from each other, though, since radical differences in how to express something would be interesting to a linguist.

      --
      Those who do study history are doomed to stand helplessly by while everyone else repeats it.
    7. Re:Finnish by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I did a bit of work on the Altaic language page of wikipedia in the past and I can say it's utter garbage, thanks to the pet theory of one user.

      Welcome to Wikipedia.

      The most monomaniacally insane rule over it, because nobody else can match their (literally) mad devotion to their individual obsessions. 24 hours a day, all their remaining lives, they will work to retain authority over their topics. They'll create and burn on-line personalities endlessly, or drive for hours to reach a new IP address that they'll only use for a few minutes.

      These disturbed minds are often recruited by political and economic powers in order to shape public perception of national or corporate entities. But sometimes (as in the case of Israel, or Macedonia, or Sanskrit) the obsessives actually recruit themselves.

      No sane person can match the devotion of one of these poor fools, because they will forgo family, friendship, hygiene, and even food in order to "win" whatever war they are fighting inside their own heads.

    8. Re:Finnish by phantomfive · · Score: 1

      What is wrong with it?

      --
      "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
    9. Re:Finnish by phantomfive · · Score: 1

      They make mobile phones with awesom cameras,

      Used to......

      --
      "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
    10. Re:Finnish by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Stop it right there, or I'll Finnish too soon!

    11. Re:Finnish by ilguido · · Score: 1

      It tends to support more some fringe theories than the mainstream theory and it's written in a slightly misleading way. As an example, the Korean and Japanese languages are generally _not_ included in the Altaic family, while they're overwhelmingly considered isolated languages, but the article fails to emphasize that their inclusion is frowned upon by the experts of both languages. Another fact that is almost overlooked by the article is that many proponents of this language family think that it is a useful classification, but are agnostic about its origin: apart a small hardcore group, most linguists think that the similarities between Turkic, Mongol and Tungusic dialects are adequately explained by their historical proximity and are very dubious about the possibility to even demonstrate their genealogical relations. Here comes the pet theory: the hardcore proponents of the Macro-Altaic language family need the inclusion of some other language to demonstrate that genealogical link, some language that is both old and distant, so to hint at an ancient relation and to discard the idea of a more recent mutual influence; if you can demonstrate that Mongol/Tungusic are related to Japanese and Korean you can say that their relations, not only between those two groups, but even between Mongol, Turkic and Tungusic are probably due to an ancient genesis and not to documented centuries of common life in the steppe. The problem is that none, so far, has given an accepted demonstration of that link, while many have given reasons to believe it's not valid (the more you go back in Japanese and Korean, the more those languages diverge). All these difficulties are overlooked in the article, so to lean toward a Macro-Altaic point of view.

    12. Re:Finnish by phantomfive · · Score: 1

      Interesting, thanks

      --
      "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
  3. Didn't we already know this? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Shem, Ham, and Japheth, of course!

    1. Re:Didn't we already know this? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The bible: proof that even the most ridiculous mythology can be coincidentally correct, sometimes.

    2. Re:Didn't we already know this? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The bible: proof that even the most ridiculous mythology can be coincidentally correct, sometimes.

      Mythology is sometimes based on observations. For example the old testament dietary rules that you might consider silly actually represent a fairly good survival manual with respect to what is safe to consume and what is not in the regions where the old testament developed. It wasn't a coincidence, it was how some knowledge was preserved and passed on. Through culture and religion.

    3. Re:Didn't we already know this? by Your.Master · · Score: 1

      I almost wonder if it was ever knowledge... Consider that the most effective way of spreading religion is to have children and indoctrinate them into the same religion.

      You can imagine 10 different sects popping up with different versions of the dietary rules. The ones that happened to align with health and reduced death would have an evolutionary advantage, and ultimately become dominant.

    4. Re:Didn't we already know this? by Half-pint+HAL · · Score: 1

      You can imagine 10 different sects popping up with different versions of the dietary rules. The ones that happened to align with health and reduced death would have an evolutionary advantage, and ultimately become dominant.

      That's possible, but it involves a very weird assumption: that human intelligence only evolved about 2000 years ago, and before that we were utterly moronic.

      Dangerous foods become painfully obvious painfully quickly. Nowadays we may have a sophisticated understanding of why they are dangerous, but "Montezuma is unhappy you ate the day old prawn" is still a theory based on the observation of the guy doubling over and vomiting his guts up.

      Some of the weirder laws are clearly born out of coincidence, the same as any other superstition. But that doesn't mean that the ban on pork isn't down to seeing what pig-borne diseases can do to humans.

      --
      Got them moderator blues I blieve I walk out the do', With these mod-points I been gettin', I 'most never post no mo'
  4. Of course by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    What did they expect? There are only three types of Euros: Nazi, Fascist and Communist.

    1. Re:Of course by Tablizer · · Score: 1

      What if those 3 interbreed?

    2. Re:Of course by Sique · · Score: 1, Flamebait

      Luckily, most US-Americans are in one way or another descendants of the Euros, thus they fall in the same categories.

      --
      .sig: Sique *sigh*
    3. Re:Of course by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      something that paints well & kills alot

    4. Re:Of course by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      What if those 3 interbreed?

      Socialists are produced.

    5. Re:Of course by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      David Cameron.

    6. Re:Of course by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The communists seem to be under-represented though.

    7. Re:Of course by haruchai · · Score: 1

      Tell that to Mitt Romney and the "47 percent who are with him(Obama), who are dependent upon government, who believe that they are victims, who believe the government has a responsibility to care for them, who believe that they are entitled to health care, to food, to housing, to you-name-it"

      --
      Pain is merely failure leaving the body
    8. Re:Of course by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      gave birth to the U.S(paranoia)

  5. Honkiology? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    -5 biggotry, -3 spelling

  6. Hmmm by Tablizer · · Score: 1

    Is there a connection with the adjacent story?

    1. Re:Hmmm by jc42 · · Score: 1

      Is there a connection with the adjacent story?

      Yeah; if you look back a couple of million years, we're all related to chimpanzees.

      --
      Those who do study history are doomed to stand helplessly by while everyone else repeats it.
    2. Re:Hmmm by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes.

      A near east farmer group, an indigenous hunter gatherer group, and an ancient North Eurasian

      The farmers and hunter/gatherers have always been at war with the North Eurasians.

  7. French are from by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Aliens.

    1. Re: French are from by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yet another piece of French bashing. Boring.

    2. Re:French are from by Half-pint+HAL · · Score: 1

      Aliens.

      Great film. Well written, and very cleverly avoided the trap many monster-stalker sequels fall into whereby they attempt to be monster-stalker again when the monster's already been seen. The switch to "monster horde" was well judged and well executed.

      --
      Got them moderator blues I blieve I walk out the do', With these mod-points I been gettin', I 'most never post no mo'
  8. Not only in Midgard by KiloByte · · Score: 1

    We know that warlike once-nomadic Aesir mingled with settled farmer Vanir.

    Which speaks heaps about their worshippers.

    --
    The creatures outside looked from Alt-Right to Antifa; but already it was impossible to say which was which.
    1. Re:Not only in Midgard by skine · · Score: 1

      Not to mention the peredhil.

    2. Re:Not only in Midgard by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That their story of origin is reasonably accurate?

  9. Not True, I Saw It Online: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    There's no measurable genetic differences. There's only one race: the human race, and that's all that ever was and ever will be.

    1. Re:Not True, I Saw It Online: by jc42 · · Score: 3, Interesting

      There's no measurable genetic differences. There's only one race: the human race, and that's all that ever was and ever will be.

      It's not an all-or-nothing situation. There are statistical genetic differences between various groups of people (though superficial features like skin color are often not closely related to ancestral groupings). One of my favorite such statistics was the calculation that some time in the late 1980s, the US population passed the mixing point where more than 50% of Americans now have sub-Saharan African ancestors. Most such people look "white", of course, since they have only a small fraction of African genes.

      I recently read that the accumulated DNA data shows that between 20% and 25% of the US population has "Native American" genes, though again in most of that population is primarily "white". I'm part of that population, with an Ojibwa great-grandmother, though nobody would ever guess by looking at me that I'm not of pure European ancestry.

      One thing I've found difficult to discover is what fraction of the US is purely European. If you try googling the topic, it mostly teaches you one thing: Most people don't understand even such simple statistics. You find lots of matches for the part of the population that's "white" or "of European ancestry", but the phrasing implies that they're talking about people who are predominantly European. There's data on the small populations that are purely African or purely Asian or whatever, but it's hard to find any information on the (probably small) population that's purely European.

      Of course, for most purposes this all qualifies as idle curiosity. But there are at least a few medical reasons for studying it, in addition to general curiosity about where we all came from.

      --
      Those who do study history are doomed to stand helplessly by while everyone else repeats it.
    2. Re:Not True, I Saw It Online: by mjm1231 · · Score: 1

      One thing I've found difficult to discover is what fraction of the US is purely European.

      I don't think you read the article. Since 0% of Europeans are purely European, it seems unlikely the fraction of the US that is purely European would be any larger than that. In general, the only cases where there are persons who are 100% purely a member of any genetic group are identical twins (and triplets, etc.)

      --
      Ideology: A tool used primarily to avoid the bother of thinking.
    3. Re:Not True, I Saw It Online: by Half-pint+HAL · · Score: 1

      There's no measurable genetic differences. There's only one race: the human race, and that's all that ever was and ever will be.

      Nope, there's no race... because it's not a competition.

      --
      Got them moderator blues I blieve I walk out the do', With these mod-points I been gettin', I 'most never post no mo'
    4. Re:Not True, I Saw It Online: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The thing is you are mixing up race with species - there is only one human sapiens species, but there are 3 main reasons, why there are races:
      1. plain human sapiens without any hybridization - they are currently represented by bantu, pygmy and bushmen races
      2. human sapiens + Denisovans(also with occasional mix of neanderthals) - all the rest of puny hunams, who went out of Africa
      2. human sapiens + neanderthals - mainly so called europeids, that were developed in neanderthalian inhabitated space in southern part of ice free Europe and Near East.

    5. Re:Not True, I Saw It Online: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      One of my favorite such statistics was the calculation that some time in the late 1980s, the US population passed the mixing point where more than 50% of Americans now have sub-Saharan African ancestors.

      Well, that explains why IQ every generation feels like its going down the tubes. But I bet it's your favorite stat because you imagine your mom being railed by a monkey, and then you coming to the rescue to suck the jism out of het twat, acting as her birth control. Then, by the scientific principle of you are what you eat, you can finally be the native american wigger you always wanted to be and high five Elizabeth Warren.

  10. Fair and darker skin by loufoque · · Score: 0

    People with fair skin are from the North, people with darker skin are from the Soutb (or, as said here, the Near East).
    Is that supposed to be surprising?

    1. Re:Fair and darker skin by Sique · · Score: 3, Informative

      Supposed to be surprising is that there is a third component, people from the Northeast, who are directly related to Native Americans.

      --
      .sig: Sique *sigh*
    2. Re:Fair and darker skin by jandersen · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Did you read the original article rather than just skim over it? One of the surprises is that there is a third component in European ancestry. Another surprise is that the blue eyes apparently came with dark skin and the lighter skin colour came with brown eyes.

      The third interesting thing is that two of our lineages are very old, but a third contribution came in around 7000 years ago, just at the same time as agriculture. It makes sense, IMO - agriculture meant that this particular group became dominant and thus contributed disproportionately more to the gene pool in a relatively short time.

    3. Re:Fair and darker skin by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      please explain how "agriculture meant that this particular group became dominant and thus contributed disproportionately" People fucked the farmers?

    4. Re:Fair and darker skin by Sique · · Score: 2

      Farmers are more productive, given a certain amount of land, as they exclusively breed those plants and animals they are actually using, and throw everything else out. Hunterer and gatherers need much more vast lands to get the same amount of food. (As an example: The territory of the indigenous Yamomami in South America is comparable to Austria and Switzerland in size, but only about 25,000 persons live there, compared with the several millions living in Austria or Switzerland.)

      --
      .sig: Sique *sigh*
    5. Re:Fair and darker skin by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      people with fair skin are from the North, people with darker skin are from the Soutb

      .... and people like you are idiots instead. You have understood NOTHING of the article.

    6. Re:Fair and darker skin by theVarangian · · Score: 1

      Did you read the original article rather than just skim over it? One of the surprises is that there is a third component in European ancestry. Another surprise is that the blue eyes apparently came with dark skin and the lighter skin colour came with brown eyes.

      The third interesting thing is that two of our lineages are very old, but a third contribution came in around 7000 years ago, just at the same time as agriculture. It makes sense, IMO - agriculture meant that this particular group became dominant and thus contributed disproportionately more to the gene pool in a relatively short time.

      I did and it is interesting, especially the part where it says that Northern Europeans are more strongly related to the original European hunter gatherers who presumably were the population that absorbed the original eurasian Neandertahl and Densiovian populations. It's gotten me even more interested in getting my DNA analyzed for archaic human ancestry. It would be ever so cool to find out I'm in the high range with 4-5% or more Neanderthal DNA or perhaps even coolest of all, Neandertahl mtDNA.

    7. Re:Fair and darker skin by tomhath · · Score: 1

      It makes sense, IMO - agriculture meant that this particular group became dominant and thus contributed disproportionately more to the gene pool in a relatively short time.

      That's one possibility. Another is that raiding parties captured and raped their women. That worked pretty well for Genghis Khan.

    8. Re:Fair and darker skin by Anne+Thwacks · · Score: 1
      Here in the UK, hunter-gatherers would have to leave in the winter, and would probably have the good sense not to come back, or else they died*. Farmers might manage to store food to last them through the winter.

      * This was before the Romans brought chimneys and window glass.

      --
      Sent from my ASR33 using ASCII
    9. Re:Fair and darker skin by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      Because all wildlife dies in winter? No? I guess you are wrong then.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    10. Re:Fair and darker skin by Half-pint+HAL · · Score: 1

      Horde nuts (like a squirrel) then throw a few spears at deer and geese. I don't see the problem.

      --
      Got them moderator blues I blieve I walk out the do', With these mod-points I been gettin', I 'most never post no mo'
    11. Re:Fair and darker skin by jandersen · · Score: 1

      But that is perhaps less likely - a farming culture is more sedentary, and therefore less like to go out on raids - although they could be looking for more farming land, of course. Interesting. Good point.

  11. Re:fuck a bgn^aa by jandersen · · Score: 1

    If you want to post goatses as a surprise to people, don't do it in slashdot, because

    1. We have all seen him enough times to find him a bit trivial,
    2. The way slashdot presents links gives it away by attaching [goat.cx]

  12. Study says... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Europeans product of menage a trois.

  13. Re:fuck a bgn^aa by righteousness · · Score: 1

    I have personally never seen that goatse image I keep reading about. Either that, or my mind has been extremely successful at repressing those particular memories of seeing the goatse images, gruesome as they are based on the descriptions I've read.

    --
    Don't fornicate. Seriously, just don't do it.
  14. Re:fuck a bgn^aa by mister_playboy · · Score: 1

    Speaking of things we've "seen enough times"... these markov chain posts appear at least once in nearly every single /. story and have done so for my entire time on the site, surely you've noticed them before?

    If they stopped appearing then we could truly say the site had died. :)

    --
    Do what thou wilt shall be the whole of the Law ::: Love is the law, love under will
  15. This study generates more questions than answers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    First of all, what about the highly confirmed hypothesis of the Indo-Europeans' migrations from the Caucasus since the 5th millennium BC, that later split into several groups (italic tribes, greek tribes, celts, slavs, germanic tribes, etc...) ? Most modern-day europeans have been supposed to descend from them. How does this study renconcile with it? Maybe the Indo-Europeans carried the genes of what the study calls "farmers from the Near East"?

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

    Secondly, the study says that there is a new, extremely ancient group, that it calls "basal eurasians", of "non-African ancestry". Oh, really? Are they really saying that mankind, AKA "Homini Sapientes Sapientes", didn't come from modern-day Ethiopia? This is either a massive revolution in the history of anthropology, or a huge, embarrassing error.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

    I think that AT LEAST the wording used in the study (and in the article) is quite confused and imprecise.

  16. Re:This study generates more questions than answer by Sique · · Score: 1

    Look at the time frames! The article talks about the genetic influences until 7000 years ago, while the spread of the indo-european tribes started about 5000 years ago. So we are talking about populations in different times eras. And then it's quite sure that the spread of the Indo-Europeans was not so much a complete elimination of the old Europeans but rather an assimilation. The Indo-Europeans came with new social structures and technologies, intermixing with the local population and assimilated them into their indo-european clans and tribes. Thus the local languages died out, but the genetic traits were preserved in their descendants.

    --
    .sig: Sique *sigh*
  17. Teaching/Learning machanism by DrYak · · Score: 4, Insightful

    You can imagine 10 different sects popping up with different versions of the dietary rules. The ones that happened to align with health and reduced death would have an evolutionary advantage, and ultimately become dominant.

    That's basically how teaching/learning mechanism on the whole did evolve. That's why lot of mammal have youngs observe the adult and copy behavious. That's why in some mammal species, the parent actively teach the young. That's why some mammals (humans, dogs, etc.) from very strictly hierarchical societal organisation, with the underling strongly following the alpha, etc.
    That's also why memes work on the internet.

    "Religion" itself, is just a side phenomenon, that happens to hi-jack this transmission of knowledge methode and packs together useful information ("Things to avoid eating not to get sick") with complete non-sensical mythology/legends. That all still gets perpetuated because "that what we've always been doing".

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    "Sufficiently advanced satire is indistinguishable from reality." - [Tips: 1DrYakQDKCQ6y52z6QbnkxHXAocMZJE61o ]
    1. Re:Teaching/Learning machanism by NemoinSpace · · Score: 1

      I am certainly willing to observe the continuing evolution of science as well as religion. I don't hold contempt for a people that used to worship the Sun, nor do I despise the idea that we used to think the Sun was made of coal. What I find irreconcilable are pseudo intellectuals whose entire mathematical model of the universe depends on discounting 1/0. Especially, as I have been told by every instructor i ever had, there is no way to justify infinity, (or undefined). You just have to accept the answer and "take it on faith" Look, Mr. Neil i-have-two-last-names-Tyson, any man that hates God AND Pluto has got an axe to grind in my book. Stick to physics, and leave metaphysics to the experts. ok?
      Now, science is not all bad, I happen to think the double slit experiment is one of the coolest things I've ever done and that is about as empirical AND mystical as it gets. See, if you can believe in a photon that exists outside of your light cone, God is not that much of a leap.

    2. Re:Teaching/Learning machanism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Religion" itself, is just a side phenomenon, that happens to hi-jack this transmission of knowledge methode and packs together useful information ("Things to avoid eating not to get sick") with complete non-sensical mythology/legends.

      You are way off the mark to think that religion's mythology/legends are completely non-sensical. Religious myths would not survive without meaning. Of course, many religious myths did not survive. My take is that the myths created to support selfish power structures or superstitious rituals were likely to evolve or go extinct, while those that are more hopeful are more appealing and more likely to survive.

    3. Re:Teaching/Learning machanism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      God, in general, no. Yahweh, the narcissistic Canaanite Genocide Fairy, yes. I am a deist, so I won't make fun of any non-specific deist/theist belief, but Yahwism in various forms is undermined by the very books that propound and support it. ...plus, good proof that Yahweh isn't God is the fact that there was never a lightning storm centered on Cornelius van Til's head with a peal of thunder that sounded suspiciously like "STOP MAKING ME LOOK BAD, ME-DAMMIT!"

  18. Re:This study generates more questions than answer by dreamchaser · · Score: 1

    I think the wording is just off. The 'basal Europeans' are most likely descendants of the Cro Magnon with a sprinkling of Neaderthal. The original stock most likely was from an earlier migration out of Africa.

  19. Re:This study generates more questions than answer by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Wrong explanation, the time frames are actually the same. Indo-Europeans started migrating in the 5th millennium BC, as the linked Wikipedia article says. Hopefully you know what "BC" means.

    I think my previous guess was right: the authors of the study imply that Indo-Europeans carried the genes of the so-called "farmers from the Near East", even if, while in the Caucasus, they developed a completely different civilization and culture.

  20. Re:This study generates more questions than answer by Sique · · Score: 1

    According to my sources (e.g. the german version of Wikipedia), the first sources of an indoeuropean language date much later, between 3000 and 2500 BC.

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    .sig: Sique *sigh*
  21. Pan-Racial Future by retroworks · · Score: 1

    On an evolutionary time scale, this is a snapshot. "Europeans" meant something for several thousand years, but the intermarriage and population growth and travel will commingle DNA in a century or two (evolutionarily known as an "instant"). I'm white and have native American DNA, most black / African Americans are dark skinned and have loads of European DNA, etc etc. These DNA results are interesting but it's like trying to follow a weather pattern, the geographical barriers are toast.

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    Gently reply
  22. Re:This study generates more questions than answer by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The english wikipedia says 5000 BC. Furthermore, if it were 3000 BC and indo-europeans didn't have the genes of "the farmers from the near east", then modern europeans would descend from FOUR groups, not three: the hunter-gatherers, the farmers from the near east, the indo-europeans, and these "new" north eurasians that the article mentions. And this would be an entirely new theory that I've never heard of.

  23. > A near east farmer group, an indigenous hunter gatherer group, and an ancient North Eurasian group from Siberia

    I knew German Summer Glau had some Asian in her!

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    (-1: Post disagrees with my already-settled worldview) is not a valid mod option.
  24. Please do not rely too much on projection by Taco+Cowboy · · Score: 3, Interesting

    ... but the intermarriage and population growth and travel will commingle DNA in a century or two ...

    Here we are, in year 2014, talking about a society some 7,000 to 8,000 years ago, and we project the society then, using what we have now

    Dear Sir, I would hope you realize that even in our society today we still have barbarians enjoying slitting other people's throats and cutting off people's heads, and in societies 7 to 8 millennia before us, I reckon there would be even bigger proportion of human population who enjoyed cutting off other people's heads

    In other words, the so-called "intermarriage", if occurred at all, did not happen like what we are enjoying today

    Most of the events that led to the "exchange of genetic materials" and the "commingle of DNA sequences" most probably happened via brutal wars and gang rapes

    In other words, all of us, no matter which racial background we came from, we are the descendants of those who were strong, intelligent, or lucky, or the combination of 2 or even all three of the above, for the weak, the low-minded and/or the unlucky, didn't get the chance to pass on their genetic material down through the millennia

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    Muchas Gracias, Señor Edward Snowden !
    1. Re:Please do not rely too much on projection by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Enough with this super-race bullocks. To think that the descendants of man were all strong, intelligent, and "lucky". It grows even more irrelevant with time.

  25. 1984 by BlackHawk-666 · · Score: 1

    Eurasia is at war with Oceania. Eurasia has always been at war with Oceania.

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    All those moments will be lost in time, like tears in rain.