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SpaceShipTwo Pilot Named; Branson Vows To 'Move Forward Together'

astroengine writes Virgin Galactic founder Richard Branson has arrived in the Mojave Desert, Calif., in the wake of the tragic explosion and crash of the company's SpaceShipTwo vehicle. The rocket-propelled space plane was completely destroyed Friday morning during a test flight. One of the two test pilots, employed by SpaceShipTwo development company Scaled Composites, was killed and the second pilot was rushed to a local hospital where he is described as having "major injuries." A spokeswoman for Kern's County Coroner's Office told the Los Angeles Times that project engineer and test pilot Michael Alsbury died in the accident. Alsbury was 39-years-old and had been working with Scaled for 14 years. The second pilot, who was able to parachute to safety, has not been named.

112 comments

  1. Branson Vows To 'Move Forward Together' by xxxJonBoyxxx · · Score: 1, Insightful

    >> Branson Vows To 'Move Forward Together'

    "You know...without the guy that died...but other than THAT. (Awkward.)"

    1. Re:Branson Vows To 'Move Forward Together' by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 1

      Perhaps he vowed to wear some of the ashes in a necklace from now on?

      --
      Ezekiel 23:20
    2. Re:Branson Vows To 'Move Forward Together' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Maybe they'll name a ship after him.

    3. Re:Branson Vows To 'Move Forward Together' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Or a landing crater.

    4. Re:Branson Vows To 'Move Forward Together' by pushing-robot · · Score: 2

      But there's no sense crying over every mistake.

      --
      How can I believe you when you tell me what I don't want to hear?
    5. Re:Branson Vows To 'Move Forward Together' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You just keep on trying 'til you run out of cake

    6. Re:Branson Vows To 'Move Forward Together' by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 2, Interesting

      >> Branson Vows To 'Move Forward Together'

      "You know...without the guy that died...but other than THAT. (Awkward.)"

      Quickly. Get to your safe room in your gated community, for there are dangers everywhere. Thugs, automobiles, trucks, ebola, avian flu, tainted food, airplanes.

      Because life is scary, safety is more important than anything else, and no exceptions. So take your maintenance meds, and try to live as long as possible in safety.

      It's pathetic that in the USA today, agoraphobia is becoming a recommended lifestyle.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    7. Re:Branson Vows To 'Move Forward Together' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No risk, no reward.

    8. Re: Branson Vows To 'Move Forward Together' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      and the science gets done and you make a neat gun

    9. Re:Branson Vows To 'Move Forward Together' by JimMcc · · Score: 2

      Oh no, can't sit on the living room couch. An engine might fall off a passing jetliner, crash through your roof, and kill you. Better get in your bomb shelter in the basement. Or, since you will need to remove all joy and sensation from life in order to be "safe", just skip to the end game instead.

    10. Re:Branson Vows To 'Move Forward Together' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The over-compensating rant of every basement warrior. Well played.

    11. Re: Branson Vows To 'Move Forward Together' by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 3, Funny

      It would be really awkward if that one crashed as well. :-/

      --
      Ezekiel 23:20
    12. Re:Branson Vows To 'Move Forward Together' by penguinoid · · Score: 1

      Yeah yeah, what about all the heroes who nobly died in the coal mines so you could have your electricity, and the people who died from the resultant effluent? You see, almost everything comes with a small price in blood to pay. It shouldn't be news to you that the same is true for rocket science. If you don't like it, build an intensive care unit in a bunker and go live there.

      --
      Don't waste your vote! Vote for whoever you want, unless you live in a swing state it won't matter anyways
    13. Re:Branson Vows To 'Move Forward Together' by AchilleTalon · · Score: 1

      Don't confuse recklessness and bravery.

      --
      Achille Talon
      Hop!
    14. Re: Branson Vows To 'Move Forward Together' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What's the difference between recklessness and bravery, perspective:

      http://youtu.be/iRWp9rhfS_0

      What I'd consider an undue risk is what they'd call a country walk.

    15. Re:Branson Vows To 'Move Forward Together' by sound+vision · · Score: 1

      Too many Americans these days are without nuclear war and exploding aircraft protection! I have a brilliant plan to resolve the issue - simply mandate every homeowner to build a shelter at their own expense! For those who can't afford it, we will impose a fine of $4000 annually until the cheapskates cough up the full cost of a shelter! The fastest path to universal coverage!

  2. Well, at least the test was conclusive.... by gweihir · · Score: 0, Flamebait

    "Boom" is a result that leaves very little room for interpretation.

    --
    Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
  3. nit pick by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Kern County's

  4. This was bound to happen. by Noishkel · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Going into space is a dangerous endeavor. And there was bound to be looses. Hell they'll be MORE as time does by. Probably a LOT more. Either we can (collectively) give up now or learn from the loses and continue on.

    1. Re:This was bound to happen. by gweihir · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Actually, the question is whether there are any real benefits to going into space with people at this time. I agree on the losses though: Either be able to life with them or scrap the whole idea of space.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    2. Re: This was bound to happen. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "life with them"

    3. Re:This was bound to happen. by BradleyUffner · · Score: 5, Insightful

      The people who have died in the cause of manned space flight knew the risks and accepted them. No one forced them to do these dangerous things. They obviously thought the benefits outweighed the risks.

    4. Re:This was bound to happen. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Hmm... practical? Perhaps it's a long-term payoff, for all of us. More than one astronaut has expressed wishes for us all to see and experience Earth from orbit, with the hope that perhaps we'd treat this place and each other with a little more respect. But, I know this is liberal hippy-dippy fuzzy-thinking crazy talk.

    5. Re:This was bound to happen. by itzly · · Score: 3, Interesting

      They got a paycheck for doing fun stuff. I don't know they were concerned with the "cause of manned space flight", especially since this is only going to be a short sub-orbital entertainment ride. A peek out over the atmospohere, into space. Not actual space "flight".

    6. Re: This was bound to happen. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm impressed that with two attempts you can't spell losses correctly.

    7. Re:This was bound to happen. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Did they really know the risk? After the Columbia space shuttle tragedy, we learned a lot about the inside culture pushing for result without taking all the required precautions. If you assume your fellow worker is an engineer and will act as such, he should refuse to go ahead with something that has not been proven secure. However, we know this is not what happened in the case of the space shuttles and the NASA. Why should it be different at Virgin Galactic where you have an enormous presure on your shoulder to deliver results asap to satisfy the agenda? No one enrolled at Virgin Galactic to die for it. All resonable assumptions about the engineering environment, good practices, safety and risk management should be taken for granted. For now, the cause of the accident is not exactly known and an investigation is required. You cannot just say this death is nothing and was expected and move on to the next pilot asked to sacrifice his life for his employer which can do anything since the death is expected.

    8. Re:This was bound to happen. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Don't be so damn callous. This isn't a movie. A real person died, and whether his death could or could not have been avoided with adequate prudence remains to be seen. As a commercial endeavor, Scaled Composites / Virgin Galactic may have put business goals first and safety later. Accepting that people die in unforeseeable accidents is one thing. Not even looking whether it was really unforeseeable or just a calculated risk is quite another thing. Test pilots know that their job is dangerous, but it should not be more dangerous than it needs to be.

    9. Re:This was bound to happen. by internet-redstar · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Somewhat maybe. In any case many people just want to experience flying. It is great fun to fly. And testing new planes is a special kind of fun at that. So I'm sure he had fun. And I'm sure he outweighed the fun versus the risk. I'm a frequent paraglider pilot, and even this close to earth lethal accidents do happen.
      I for one accept my risks and live to have fun :)

    10. Re:This was bound to happen. by houghi · · Score: 2

      Once the excuse was : "Not because it is easy, but because it is hard."

      Now apparently even the "science people" are more interested in the potemtial profits.

      --
      Don't fight for your country, if your country does not fight for you.
    11. Re:This was bound to happen. by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      Did they really know the risk?

      Why yes they did. That's an immense amount of energy pushing out th eback of a rocket. If the wrong part fails - and there are many of those parts - life will be shortend significantly.

      After the Columbia space shuttle tragedy, we learned a lot about the inside culture pushing for result without taking all the required precautions.

      I think you might mean the Challenger, not the Columbia. Columbia's demise was based on something that most folks figured would not ever happen, while Challenger's kaboom was a direct result of launch fever.

      Why should it be different at Virgin Galactic where you have an enormous presure on your shoulder to deliver results asap to satisfy the agenda? No one enrolled at Virgin Galactic to die for it. All resonable assumptions about the engineering environment, good practices, safety and risk management should be taken for granted.

      I think you have a concept that sending up rockets is akin to opening a pizza shop. It isn't. I also think you are jumping to a conclusion that there was some sort of ressure put on the people at VG.

      For now, the cause of the accident is not exactly known and an investigation is required. You cannot just say this death is nothing and was expected and move on to the next pilot asked to sacrifice his life for his employer which can do anything since the death is expected.

      People die every day at work. People have died on the laying field, and even delivering pizza. No one's death is insignificant, but if we stopped doing anything as soon as a death occurred we'd probably still be living in caves.

      Just as an example, could you imagine if powered flight were to be developed at this time? Our "safety is more important than anything else in the world" culture would insist we stop with the insanity when this happened:

      http://history1900s.about.com/...

      In the safety first world, the nerds living in their Mom's basement are the trailblazers. Well except for Radon. And vitamin D deficiency. But at least they aren't personally putting women in harms way with the dangers of childbirth.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    12. Re:This was bound to happen. by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      Obviously there are some people here who automatically mark troll or mod down anyone asking questions about the real benefits of such endeavors. I wonder why these people are unable to cope with very important and legitimate questions about all this?

      For the same reason I get marked as troll if I post anything negative about Windows, or support AGW. Simple disagreement, and the wish to squelch me.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    13. Re:This was bound to happen. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What is the benefit for the native americans when the crossed over the bearing land brige to wipe out the natives living in the Americas before e the natives got there. What is the benefit for the Europeans to come to the new world and wipe out the native americans already living there. Space exploration will allow humanity the chance to meat new worlds and civilizations in order to enslave them, and enlighten then with our own backwards form of morality. This is the human way. If you disagree with me you are not human, and I have every right to make your my bitch.

    14. Re:This was bound to happen. by ljw1004 · · Score: 2

      I'm a frequent paraglider pilot, and even this close to earth lethal accidents do happen.

      Close to the earth? I thought all lethal paragliding and parachuting accidents happen right ON the earth!

    15. Re: This was bound to happen. by Zeromous · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Lets take a moment to remember Justin Beiber has purchased a ticket.

      --
      ---Up Up Down Down Left Right Left Right B A START
    16. Re:This was bound to happen. by Threni · · Score: 2

      No, it's better if you're above the Earth. Less friction, see, and people just say "you're running, really - not flying" if you don't take off.

    17. Re:This was bound to happen. by __aaltlg1547 · · Score: 1

      That's true, but Space Ship Two is all about sending tourists to "space", isn't it? That doesn't feel like a worthy cause to me.

    18. Re:This was bound to happen. by khallow · · Score: 1

      Space exploration will allow humanity the chance to meat new worlds and civilizations in order to enslave them, and enlighten then with our own backwards form of morality.

      Please point to the civilizations that will be enslaved by these dastardly humans.

      . If you disagree with me you are not human, and I have every right to make your my bitch.

      Oh no. An Internet Tough Guy making it real.

      Here's my take. We know of no such civilizations to dominate or be dominated by. And we don't even know of an extraterrestrial ecosystem to despoil. All this emo is pretty pointless right now.

    19. Re:This was bound to happen. by BradleyUffner · · Score: 1

      Just because this specific ship was going to be used for tourism doesn't mean the technology developed for it wouldn't have far greater uses.

    20. Re: This was bound to happen. by Verminator · · Score: 1

      Holy fuck, he's right. Push on.

      --
      "The more corrupt the state, the more it legislates." - Tacitus
    21. Re:This was bound to happen. by NormalVisual · · Score: 1

      Columbia's demise was based on something that most folks figured would not ever happen

      I think a more accurate statement would be that foam shedding and damage to the orbiter improperly became a normal and accepted consequence of flight prior to both the Challenger and Columbia accidents, just like the O-ring erosion and failure-to-seal issues were known to be a problem as far back as 1977 but weren't considered a big enough deal by management to halt the program until the new joints could be implemented. In both cases, concerns with the possibility of the failure modes eventually observed were brought to management and dismissed.

      A couple of years after the accident, Charlie Bolden said, "I spent fourteen years in the space program flying, thinking that I had this huge mass that was about five or six inches thick on the leading edge of the wing. And, to find after Columbia that it was fractions of an inch thick, and that it wasn't as strong as the Fiberglas on your Corvette, that was an eye-opener, and I think for all of us ... the best minds that I know of, in and outside of NASA, never envisioned that as a failure mode."

      Really? Was there really no one in the entire organization involved with safety that knew how the damned thing was built?

      --
      Please stand clear of the doors, por favor mantenganse alejado de las puertas
    22. Re:This was bound to happen. by bkmoore · · Score: 1

      Going into space is a dangerous endeavor. And there was bound to be looses. Hell they'll be MORE as time does by. Probably a LOT more. Either we can (collectively) give up now or learn from the loses and continue on.

      I hate these kinds of comments, that pilot went in testing a roller coaster ride for millionaires.

    23. Re:This was bound to happen. by itzly · · Score: 1

      What far greater uses are there for a sub-orbital craft ? And don't tell me that this is a stepping stone to an orbital craft. It isn't. If they wanted to design an orbital craft next, they would basically have to start from scratch.

    24. Re:This was bound to happen. by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 1

      Columbia's demise was based on something that most folks figured would not ever happen I think a more accurate statement would be that foam shedding and damage to the orbiter improperly became a normal and accepted consequence of flight prior to both the Challenger and Columbia accidents, just like the O-ring erosion and failure-to-seal issues were known to be a problem as far back as 1977 but weren't considered a big enough deal by management to halt the program until the new joints could be implemented. In both cases, concerns with the possibility of the failure modes eventually observed were brought to management and dismissed.

      And we all drive vehicles loaded with a liquid fuel that is so flammable that it deflagrates, just short of an explosion, at speeds totaling over 160 miles per hour on a daily basis, without even a thought. of danger.

      And still, I do not put the Columbia accident anywhere near the organizationl complicity that some do. In the perfect 20/20 vision of hindsight, there would never be a launch, as it is a dangerous process, and if every "whit if" where to stop a lunch, no sip would ever be cleared for launch.

      Here's a version: What happens if a large bird flies into the shuttle window, and cracks it? KSC is in a wildlife refuge after all. Eliminate that risk? Sorry, not going to happen. Yet it's a risk that airlines put up with every day, and sometimes they lose. But the 20/20 hindsight tells us "we shoulda known! Don't launch that rocket!"

      A couple of years after the accident, Charlie Bolden said, "I spent fourteen years in the space program flying, thinking that I had this huge mass that was about five or six inches thick on the leading edge of the wing.

      Wow. Looks like he was just like us, driving our cars in ignorant dreams ofsafety, while we are carrying that gasoline. And some times, awful things happen.

      And, to find after Columbia that it was fractions of an inch thick, and that it wasn't as strong as the Fiberglas on your Corvette, that was an eye-opener, and I think for all of us ... the best minds that I know of, in and outside of NASA, never envisioned that as a failure mode." Really? Was there really no one in the entire organization involved with safety that knew how the damned thing was built?

      Sure there was. But as you noted, it wasn't looked at as a failure mode. The shedding foam was seen as a low mass substance that would bounce off the shuttle, especially given that the differential speeds between it and the still accelerating rocket were not as large as if it was not moving at all.

      But we (including myself) were very wrong. And while it's quite easy to sit back and declare the shuttle designers assholes because no one in their right mind would ever design a leading edge tile so thin - do you know the physical aspects of creating those ceramic tiles? The aspects of attaching them to the vehicle? Or do you figure that they purposely designed them so thin so as to create a failure mode? That my friend, would merit criminal prosecution.

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
    25. Re:This was bound to happen. by NormalVisual · · Score: 1

      Wow. Looks like he was just like us, driving our cars in ignorant dreams ofsafety, while we are carrying that gasoline. And some times, awful things happen.

      He's a frigging *astronaut* for crying out loud. Bolden flew on the damned thing four times and commanded two missions. Yet even I knew the RCC panels weren't six inches thick back in 1981 when I studied the shuttle program for a school project. If a 13-year old kid can find this out with a minimum of effort and no Internet, what's his excuse? At any time he could have walked over to one of the OMFs and held an RCC panel in his own hands. A more apt automotive analogy would be to compare Bolden's knowledge of his vehicle to that of a race car driver. I challenge you to show me such a driver that doesn't know his car intimately, inside and out.

      The shedding foam was seen as a low mass substance that would bounce off the shuttle, especially given that the differential speeds between it and the still accelerating rocket were not as large as if it was not moving at all.

      During the last launch of Atlantis four months prior to Columbia's last flight, a piece of shed bipod foam put a three-inch deep dent into one of the SRB attach rings, which are half an inch thick and made of steel, so there was documented evidence that shed foam could cause substantial damage prior to Columbia's flight. And yes, this was brought to management's attention as something to be concerned about.

      And while it's quite easy to sit back and declare the shuttle designers assholes because no one in their right mind would ever design a leading edge tile so thin - do you know the physical aspects of creating those ceramic tiles? The aspects of attaching them to the vehicle? Or do you figure that they purposely designed them so thin so as to create a failure mode? That my friend, would merit criminal prosecution.

      I'm not criticizing the designers. I'm criticizing the management that decided it was safe to fly in the face of documented issues that suggested otherwise without even looking into them.

      --
      Please stand clear of the doors, por favor mantenganse alejado de las puertas
    26. Re:This was bound to happen. by BradleyUffner · · Score: 1

      What far greater uses are there for a sub-orbital craft ? And don't tell me that this is a stepping stone to an orbital craft. It isn't. If they wanted to design an orbital craft next, they would basically have to start from scratch.

      Wow, it's almost like you think sub-orbital craft and orbital craft don't share any technology at all. All orbital craft have to move through the thick lower atmosphere before they reach orbit. Learning how to do that quickly, efficiently, and safely is just one thing that we area learning with these vehicles.

    27. Re: This was bound to happen. by gweihir · · Score: 1

      Hehehehehehe ;-)

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
  5. Need a video by ModernGeek · · Score: 3, Funny

    I wish he would release a video of him speaking in the Mojave with the wind going through his hair, somber but uplifting music in the background, and kind words to those who have died for space.

    --
    Sig: I stole this sig.
  6. So first plastic solid rocket design status is...? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They developed their own brand-new first-run of plastic solid rocket propellant and the "anomaly" happened shortly after ignition.
    The other option was a rubber like solid propellant that has somewhat more comparable successes, 0 out of 1 being 0% success.

    So I'd guess this decision will be scrutinized. It's one thing to be a test pilot, it's another thing to sit on a brand new rocket design - for profit.

  7. ground based pics of ss2 breakup by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

    Ground photos

    There was apparently a lot of concern behind the scenes with the new fuel, causing uncontrolled vibrations when used in the existing engine. For example follow @MarkZastrow, or see https://twitter.com/spacecom/status/528278550894227457 "I had deep concerns over both the new plastic/nitrous oxide engine and so did other sources familiar with the testing".

    1. Re:ground based pics of ss2 breakup by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
    2. Re:ground based pics of ss2 breakup by MichaelSmith · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Consistency is a big issues with solid fuels. The shuttle SRBs were paired during construction, and the fuel was poured at the same rate into each engine from the same source. That way if the engine developed more or less thrust because of a variation in the consistency of the solid fuel, it would happen on both sides of the shuttle. Liquid fuels mix themselves, but a mixing problem is locked in to solid fuels until you burn them. I just wonder if a mistake was made during construction which caused a sudden increase in engine pressure, above that caused by the greater efficiency of this new fuel.

    3. Re:ground based pics of ss2 breakup by SternisheFan · · Score: 3, Informative
      Found this blog from the comments section of an ArsTechnicas followup story. It gives the reader an interesting timeline of the VirginGalactic spaceships.

      www.parabolicarc.com/2014/10/30/apollo-ansari-hobbling-effects-giant-leaps/

      Ars story here:

      arstechnica.com/science/2014/11/spaceshiptwo-crash-virgin-galactic-to-assess-what-went-wrong/

    4. Re:ground based pics of ss2 breakup by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      if this was NASA or Boeing they would test things to death to minimize chances of a crash, but this being private industry i guess it's not a concern. just doing it cheaper than NASA. but at least the billionaire wasn't hurt so he could claim credit when it finally works

    5. Re:ground based pics of ss2 breakup by radarskiy · · Score: 1

      "apparently a lot of concern behind the scenes with the new fuel"

      And with no context this tells us *absolutely nothing* about whether the fuel change was a good idea or a bad idea.

      How does this compare to other cases where a fuel change has occurred? I would *expect* a lot of concern in every case even if the change were an improvement along every axis.

      What kind of concerns were raised? People who worried about miniature demons escaping from the fuel might not have a credible argument. ;-)

      Were the concerns borne out? If people were worried about some else happening, then anything done further to address thsoe concerns would not have prevented this accident and soe someone else would have come out and said "I had concerns but they fixed something completely different instead."

    6. Re:ground based pics of ss2 breakup by MichaelSmith · · Score: 1

      The Guardian article says this was actually the first flight test of the new plastic based engine. So I suppose it worked for a few seconds in flight, nothing more.

    7. Re:ground based pics of ss2 breakup by amorsen · · Score: 2

      The engine is a hybrid, not a solid. Hybrids very rarely go boom, but some of them have the ability to pretend to be monopropellant (e.g. if they use hydrogen peroxide or nitrogen oxide for the oxidizer) or liquid fuelled (if the fuel is allowed to melt or vaporize without burning or if other combustibles are somehow allowed inside the engine). In both cases, booms are very much possible.

      --
      Finally! A year of moderation! Ready for 2019?
    8. Re:ground based pics of ss2 breakup by SternisheFan · · Score: 4, Interesting
      This uses nitrous oxide for the mixture. 3 VirginGalactic engineers died, 3injured, during a test where no fuel was used, just the nitrous oxide. From the Article linked below, posted one day before this accident.....

      ...But, there was a deeper, more fundamental problem that Rutan wasn’t even aware of, one that has bedeviled the program to this day.

      SpaceShipOne had reflected Rutan’s strengths in designing radical flying machines. The use of lightweight but strong carbon composites and the unique feathering system for re-entry were innovative. They represented major advances over the X-15 rocket plane that had flown suborbital missions 40 years earlier.

      In terms of its propulsion system, SpaceShipOne was actually a step backward. The X-15 had used the XLR-99, a sophisticated bi-propellant liquid engine that could be throttled, restarted and used multiple times. It was complicated and prone to failure; one blew up on Scott Crossfield during a static test, destroying the vehicle but sparing the pilot’s life.

      Rutan steered away from liquid engines; he viewed them as being overly complicated and possessing too many failure modes. Instead, he developed a novel hybrid motor that used nitrous oxide (laughing gas) to burn a large chunk of rubber fuel. SpaceShipOne was the first time a hybrid engine had been used in human spaceflight.

      The hybrid worked well enough for SpaceShipOne. However, the motor ran rough, shaking the ship due to the uneven burning of the rubber. On one flight, the pilot heard a loud bang and feared the ship’s tail had been blown off. It turned out to be a chunk of rubber that had shot out the nozzle. The tail was still there.

      The hybrid also was expensive because the rocket casing containing the rubber and the attached nozzle needed to be replaced after each flight. Like the space shuttle, the partially reusable nature of SpaceShipOne drove up operating costs and complexity. It was like driving a car from Mojave to Los Angeles and back, and then installing a new engine before making the trip again.

      After the Ansari X Prize, some people tried to convince Rutan to replace the hybrid with a reusable liquid engine. He rejected the advice. Rutan came out of SpaceShipOne’s short flight test program believing the hybrid engine was simple and safe, and that it could be easily scaled up for the much larger SpaceShipTwo. He was wrong on both counts.

      The first belief was shattered on a hot summer afternoon of July 26, 2007. Scaled engineers were conducting a cold flow of nitrous oxide that did not involve igniting any fuel. Three seconds into the 15-second test the nitrous tank burst, resulting in a massive explosion that destroyed the test stand and killed three engineers. Three others were injured.

      www.parabolicarc.com/2014/10/30/apollo-ansari-hobbling-effects-giant-leaps/

    9. Re:ground based pics of ss2 breakup by 0123456 · · Score: 1

      Yeah, that's why NASA lost two shuttle crews in about a hundred and twenty flights, almost lost Columbia on the very first flight, and were too scared to fly a return-to-launch-site abort anywhere other than a simulator.

      Test flights are dangerous. Test pilots used to die regularly, but we've improved aircraft reliability and test pilot survival technology to the point where they rarely do today. The real question is whether they were properly equipped to have the best chance of survival in the event of an accident such as this.

    10. Re:ground based pics of ss2 breakup by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      After the Ansari X Prize, some people tried to convince Rutan to replace the hybrid with a reusable liquid engine. He rejected the advice. Rutan came out of SpaceShipOneâ(TM)s short flight test program believing the hybrid engine was simple and safe, and that it could be easily scaled up for the much larger SpaceShipTwo. He was wrong on both counts.

      This appears to be the case with respect to the safety of the hybrid engine, but in deference to Rutan, there is no way to have known that a priori without actually flying them.

      How many static firings should one conduct before one judges an engine design to be safe? And even if you do 100, 1000, or 10,000 static tests without a hitch, how transferrable is what you've learned static test firings to an in-flight regime where acceleration and aerodynamic buffetting will jostle your tank of oxidizer every which way, place odd loadings on the pumps and and whatever's going through them, etc. etc. etc.

      Computer simulations can do a lot to reduce the risk, but at some point, someone has to be the first to fly a new plane. Flying hybrids as drones might be useful to mitigate the human risk, but conversely, it was having a human test pilot in the cockpit of the SS1 test that saved the aircraft, because the human elected to wait until it was safely (relatively speaking) out of the atmosphere before attempting to correct the spin.

    11. Re:ground based pics of ss2 breakup by radarskiy · · Score: 1

      I can't find anything in that article about the change in fuel.

    12. Re:ground based pics of ss2 breakup by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "during a test where no fuel was used, just the nitrous oxide."

      When dealing with oxidisers, everything is a fuel. Including the tank, the test stand, and even the concrete floor.

      I find it interesting that all these people have come out of the woodwork, _after_ the accident. Yet no mention of the routine use of the much worse hydrazine in spacecraft.

    13. Re:ground based pics of ss2 breakup by SternisheFan · · Score: 1

      Actually, the article I excerpted from was posted the day before the accident.

    14. Re:ground based pics of ss2 breakup by SternisheFan · · Score: 1
      I've pasted an excerpt of ArsTechnica's reader comments below, hope it provides clarification on the subject of VG's engine choices. (IANARocketScientist):

      ......windnwar wrote: show nested quotes http://www.parabolicarc.com/ Go there, they have been following the issues for a couple years now. The original engine was only stable doing a massive injection of helium, more so then could be done in flight, so they switched to a plastic grain and they have been pushing the test schedule to meet deadlines rather than meet the results they needed. The engine was under powered for the weight and they had to change the altitude they were going to be flying too. This modified engine was supposed to end up in the second version of spaceship two due to the modifications that would be needed, instead it ended up in the first one as they didn't have time. The program is appears to be a mess, and they don't appear to be following a safe testing schedule. Even in the press conference today they were asked had this engine flown and he answered yes, though it had not, the engine had to be reconfigured for the different fuel grain, so it has not flown. Its not just a simple swap of the grain. Given the description of multiple people that witnessed the flight, it suffered a hard start that destroyed the motor and led to the loss of the craft and one of the pilots lives.

    15. Re:ground based pics of ss2 breakup by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "It was not until May 2014 – after spending nearly a decade on the program, and a reported $150 million on engine development – Virgin Galactic announced it would be switching to a different type of hybrid engine, one powered by nitrous oxide and plastic. They are hoping for much better performance in flight."

      -- and --

      "Flight tests with the plastic engine are set to begin shortly. It remains unclear whether the new engine will get SpaceShipTwo above the Karman line at 100 km (62 miles), which is internationally recognized boundary of space. Ten years after SpaceShipOne, its successor might not be able to replicate what its predecessor achieved."

    16. Re:ground based pics of ss2 breakup by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Thank you for linking to that wonderful article!

  8. Tourism by rossdee · · Score: 2

    Space tourism is still more attractive than cruise ship tourism

    1. Re:Tourism by radarskiy · · Score: 1

      For the tourists, it is less dangerous than cruises.

    2. Re:Tourism by SternisheFan · · Score: 3, Interesting

      I don't think the purpose of VirginGalactic is spaceflight. It's true end goal is a 1/2 hour NY to Tokyo flight.

    3. Re:Tourism by DaHat · · Score: 2

      Currently.

      There was once a time that traveling across the ocean in any kind of vessel was a rather dangerous thing... it is now rather common and safe, as is air travel today, something that was far more risky ages ago.

      Technology, methods and understanding of the systems involved increase over time... and one day a trip into a sub orbital space will be just as safe as a road trip or flight to the other side of the country (or planet). ... next up, orbital flight and beyond.

    4. Re:Tourism by 50000BTU_barbecue · · Score: 1

      That may have been a goal in 1957, but in an era of instant communication, who cares?

      --
      Mostly random stuff.
    5. Re:Tourism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Who cares? Anyone who wants to fly between those cities and NOT spend 13 hours doing it.

    6. Re:Tourism by 50000BTU_barbecue · · Score: 1

      Yeah well, all three of those people will just have to suck it up and wait like the rest of us. We already had Concorde and that died.

      --
      Mostly random stuff.
    7. Re:Tourism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, it won't, and I say that as someone with a degree in Aerospace Engineering, not a SciFi dreamer.

      It will ALWAYS be much more dangerous than passenger flights. And if you thing the death rate will be below 3-5%, you're DREAMING. NASA, with vastly larger budgets and more advanced quality control, killed around 2%.

    8. Re:Tourism by DexterIsADog · · Score: 1

      Yeah well, all three of those people will just have to suck it up and wait like the rest of us. We already had Concorde and that died.

      I flew once on the Concorde. It was awesome. We should do more of that. Suborbital, 1 hour from NY to Tokyo? Bring it. I'd do it once just for the fun of it.

    9. Re:Tourism by radarskiy · · Score: 1

      I was trying to make a joke, badly, and you got my point backwards, so now we both look like idiots. Thanks, Obama!

      "one day a trip into a sub orbital space will be just as safe"
      Thus far there have been 0 space-tourist injuries or fatalities.

    10. Re:Tourism by 50000BTU_barbecue · · Score: 1

      "We should do more of that."

      Well then get that "we" to pay for it. Oh what's that? The market already spoke about that? I see.

      " I'd do it once just for the fun of it"

      It must be nice to have that amount of disposable income. In the meantime, us idiots are barely scraping by, my bank just automatically enrolled me into balance insurance because I no longer make enough money to cover my debts.

      Two years ago I had an extremely high credit rating, tens of thousands of dollars in savings, and much more in my retirement plan. Now I'm months away from homelessness.

      What do you do for a living and can you teach me?

      --
      Mostly random stuff.
    11. Re:Tourism by drinkypoo · · Score: 1

      No, it won't, and I say that as someone with a degree in Aerospace Engineering, not a SciFi dreamer.

      Oh, so you must know what the future holds, then!

      Also, I notice that you are a coward, and don't really believe what you're saying, since you left it unattributed.

      It will ALWAYS be much more dangerous than passenger flights. And if you thing the death rate will be below 3-5%, you're DREAMING. NASA, with vastly larger budgets and more advanced quality control, killed around 2%.

      HAHAHAHA NASA ADVANCED QUALITY CONTROL HAHAHAHAHA

      They might know what all the problems are, but if they don't fix them, that knowledge is worthless. Both the problems with the shuttle that killed people were known problems. It's probably best to leave NASA out of this discussion, because they murder people.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    12. Re:Tourism by MMC+Monster · · Score: 1

      If you have money left enough to go into health care, I would definitely do that. Find a job working at a local hospital and save up to go to nursing school or PA school. If you go the nursing route you'll always find a job and work extra shifts pretty much as often as you want. PA route will get you better hours and potentially better pay but can limit you depending on which type of PA you want to be.

      Work your way up and save more than you spend. Pay off debt going from highest interest payments to lowest until you are totally debt free. THEN put whatever savings you have into a low-cost index fund that either follows the total stock market or the S&P 500.

      --
      Help! I'm a slashdot refugee.
    13. Re:Tourism by DexterIsADog · · Score: 1

      I agree with MMC Monster. Health care will continue to grow. That's my industry. For example, If you take a course to learn how to configure FACETS, a claims system made by Trizetto, now owned by Cognizant, you can get $80/hr to start, and that's not even in the primary markets.

      I think it was the (plane) crash that killed the Concorde as much as anything. It worked pretty well for a while. We will continue to see technology like it, and some will succeed, some will fail. The first space elevator will probably also be a hell of a ride, as well as a way to get cargo into orbit.

      My comment was that the Concorde was cool, and I really liked riding it. As a race, we still need to spend some resources on things that are just plain fun.

  9. Progress comes at a cost by Going_Digital · · Score: 4, Insightful

    For all the naysayers out there we can not help the fact that if we want to progress we must take risks. The people involved in this project knew the risk and their work will further our understanding of space travel. This person died doing something he knew was dangerous and presumably enjoyed doing. To stop would be the worst thing as his death would have been in vain.

    1. Re:Progress comes at a cost by 50000BTU_barbecue · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Who is "we"? Did Branson sit his geriatric ass in there? Funny how the risks are always taken by the plebes, the rewards taken by the already rich.

      --
      Mostly random stuff.
    2. Re:Progress comes at a cost by JimMcc · · Score: 2

      And how is this different than most other endeavors throughout time which need significant funding? How many men were lost at sea exploring the world in search of trade goods for the ships owners? The list is virtually endless. I'm sure that Oog sent Uma to a probable death in trying to kill a sabertooth tiger in order to have the teeth to trade with the neighboring clan. Nothing has changed, and nothing will.

    3. Re:Progress comes at a cost by 50000BTU_barbecue · · Score: 1

      Then I wish these people would shut up with their precious advice about taking risks. The biggest talkers about taking risks are usually the ones surrounded by lawyers, accountants and twelve layers of bodyguards.

      --
      Mostly random stuff.
    4. Re:Progress comes at a cost by 93+Escort+Wagon · · Score: 1

      Branson risked some of his money.

      --
      #DeleteChrome
    5. Re:Progress comes at a cost by 50000BTU_barbecue · · Score: 1

      Wow, and what a big risk it was too. I wonder how thick his insurance policy is for those flights? One, two, maybe three inches thick? Wow yeah, these rich men risk NOTHING. You want to impress me with all this hollow rhetoric about "risk", get HIS ass to sit in the test flights.

      You know, like the Wright Brothers?

      Otherwise all this "risk" nonsense is just a bunch of PR you suckers repeat over and over to give yourselves the impression you could also become rich if you just took a risk!

      You know, those risks that rich people avoid like the plague.

      --
      Mostly random stuff.
    6. Re:Progress comes at a cost by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      For all the naysayers out there we can not help the fact that if we want to progress we must take risks. The people involved in this project knew the risk and their work will further our understanding of space travel. This person died doing something he knew was dangerous and presumably enjoyed doing. To stop would be the worst thing as his death would have been in vain.

      What progress? We've already gone to the Moon. A rocket rollercoaster isn't progress.

    7. Re:Progress comes at a cost by DexterIsADog · · Score: 2

      Who is "we"? Did Branson sit his geriatric ass in there? Funny how the risks are always taken by the plebes, the rewards taken by the already rich.

      Yeah, the nerve of that old guy, letting the younger engineers and test pilots engineer and then test his spacecraft.

      Why, I'm sure he never took any risks with his own life, that chickenshit...
      http://www.virgin.com/news/richard-bransons-ballooning-adventures

    8. Re:Progress comes at a cost by Trogre · · Score: 1

      Yeeees, but think about it from another point of view. If Dickie Branson had been the one killed in yesterday's launch, that would have been the end of Virgin Galactic. Gone. Done. Finito.

      Now, they are going to try again.

      --
      "Nine times out of ten, starting a fire is not the best way to solve the problem." - my wife
    9. Re:Progress comes at a cost by 50000BTU_barbecue · · Score: 1

      And what did those risks advance, exactly? By your definition I take a risk every time I cross the street or take the bus.

      --
      Mostly random stuff.
    10. Re:Progress comes at a cost by 50000BTU_barbecue · · Score: 1

      What do I care about the end of a billionaire's vanity project to fleece millionaires?

      --
      Mostly random stuff.
    11. Re:Progress comes at a cost by Trogre · · Score: 1

      Evidently nothing. However all the people actually involved with the "vanity project" will care enough about it to have some interest in mitigating events that would result in its demise.

      --
      "Nine times out of ten, starting a fire is not the best way to solve the problem." - my wife
    12. Re:Progress comes at a cost by 91degrees · · Score: 1

      It's not like they stuck some desperate minimum wage earner in there. The guy doing the job knew the risks. If he didn't want to do it, you can be sure there would be plenty of people who would.

    13. Re:Progress comes at a cost by DexterIsADog · · Score: 1

      If Branson were still young enough and had the time, and were qualified, I'm sure he'd test his own ships. He does have the nerve to risk his own life. Your comment seemed to criticize him for lacking the balls. He's got giant balls. What he has little of is time.

  10. Re:So first plastic solid rocket design status is. by MichaelSmith · · Score: 1

    Frame 2 from the ground based photos seems to show that thrust from the engine reduced before the explosion. I wonder if something came loose and obstructed the outlet of the engine, causing an increase in pressure. Sort of a blowback situation.

  11. Flaws in Liquid Solid Engine by catchblue22 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I have been reading lately that there has been serious concern about the liquid-solid hybrid engine used in Spaceship 2. In 2007 there was a nitrous oxide explosion that killed three people.

    On 26 July 2007, during the early rocket testing phase, an explosion occurred during a propellant flow test at the Mojave Air and Space Port. The test included filling the oxidizer tank with 4,500 kg (10,000 pounds) of nitrous oxide, followed by a 15-second cold flow injector test. Although the tests did not ignite the gas, three employees were killed and three injured, two critically and one seriously, by flying shrapnel.[12]

    parabolicarc.com is a pretty good source of information on New Space. Here are some tweets:

    Parabolicarc.com @spacecom Oct 31

    I had deep concerns over both the new plastic/nitrous oxide engine and so did other sources familiar with the testing. #SpaceShipTwo

    The concerns were three fold. One, that it wasn't being tested sufficiently on the ground before it was flown. #SpaceShipTwo

    Second: that modifications required to ship to accommodate the new engine introduced additional complexity and failure modes. #SpaceShipTwo

    Third, handful of test flights they were doing with new #SpaceShipTwo engine before putting Richard and Sam Branson aboard were insufficient

    Let me stress2 things: one, we don't know what happened yet, so I'm not making a snap judgment about what caused the accident #SpaceShipTwo

    Second, these concerns about the new engine were not mine alone. Folks much smarter and knowledgble than me were worried. #SpaceShipTwo

    I predict you will be hearing a lot more about these concerns and the problems they were having in the days and weeks ahead #SpaceShipTwo

    Scaled's Kevin Mickey called the engine change "a minor nuance". He rushed out of the press conference once it was over.

    Mickey claimed "minor nuance" engine change thoroughly tested on ground. Tried to ask for details, but presser ended quickly & Mickey left.

    Ken Brown was taking photos through the entire incident. Tracked one large piece of debris down to the lakebed. #SpaceShipTwo

    I heard Ken say, "They're in trouble." And then "They're tumbling. Ken's pictures will be very crucial to understanding it. #SpaceShipTwo

    Just talked to Ken Brown. Pictures show Engine fired fine, then there's a white plume. He thinks the nitrous oxide tank blew. #SpaceShipTwo

    I am a huge supporter of commercial space, most especially Space X. But I think that accidents like this give the whole sector a bad name. Virgin Galactic/SC have been building this ship for 10 years, and they still don't have a viable engine. That is not a good sign.

    Contrast that with Space X, which in about the same amount of time has built the Falcon 9, which has a string of 13 straight successes (touch wood). It seems to me that not all space companies are created equal.

    --
    This and no other is the root from which a tyrant springs; when first he appears as a protector - Plato (423 to 327 BC)
    1. Re:Flaws in Liquid Solid Engine by tibit · · Score: 1

      It started with a premise that has been demonstrated to be a bunch of good wishes, nothing more. The supposed simplicity of the engine doesn't mean that it requires no care. Given the time it took them, I'd say that the concept as executed by them won't ever work and is a failure. Perhaps it would work for someone else, but not for them.

      --
      A successful API design takes a mixture of software design and pedagogy.
    2. Re:Flaws in Liquid Solid Engine by catmistake · · Score: 1

      The test included filling the oxidizer tank with 4,500 kg (10,000 pounds) of nitrous oxide, .... Although the tests did not ignite the gas

      N2O has some interesting properties, one of which is that it is an amazing oxidizer, and another is that it is the only known gas soluble in creme. Oxidizers, btw (directed at wiki author/editor) are not fuel, they are oxidizers, so unless the tests also involved something that could ignite, the gas would not be expected to ignite under any circumstances (but flower and corn explode, which is weird but understood... they're fuel). Not knowing anything more about the incident, I'd guess it was a pressure explosion, and with that much N2O, if the flying stuff and the sudden temperature drop didn't get you the asphyxiation probably would.

    3. Re:Flaws in Liquid Solid Engine by itzly · · Score: 1

      Space-X started by designing an engine, which is the smart way to do it.

    4. Re:Flaws in Liquid Solid Engine by sound+vision · · Score: 1

      Lol, what's this, someone trying to post something useful on Twitter? People still use that site? Jesus, even Facebook is a better medium for disseminating information. When Facebook has a leg up on you, that's just sad. Please, let's let Twitter and all the twits on it go the way of MySpace.

    5. Re:Flaws in Liquid Solid Engine by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Shhhh. I'm working on a creme puff engine.

  12. Worst case of engine knock ever. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    You'd think that polyamides would spall in a finer grained manner than rubbers due to their greater strength so what does that leave? Something in the complex chemistry of polyamide decomposition at very high temperatures seems to be able to cause the burn rate to accelerate as if there is a point where it can spontaneously decompose. I guess we may never know because they are not likely to make the recipe for the exact mix public, and that is assuming they got the mix right and know what they were really burning on the day. One guess is that it can decompose due to IR energy levels advancing faster and deeper into the body of the material than the oxidiser does. Easy to prove, hit a sample under relevant conditions with a laser and see if you can get it to detonate.

    As for the human side of things, a good man died and a family is shattered, you can't fix that.

    1. Re:Worst case of engine knock ever. by Spy+Handler · · Score: 1

      There weren't any flames visible. It was probably the nitrous oxide tank exploding, like in the 2007 ground test explosion.

      Pete Siebold is in the hospital alive and talking to doctors. They'll probably figure out what went wrong real soon.

  13. Half full or half empty? by mi · · Score: 2

    Although half the crew died, I, for one, am astounded, that the other half survived in a crash, that "completely destroyed" the ship...

    --
    In Soviet Washington the swamp drains you.
  14. Slinging Pee Pees by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Branson unzips trousers and presents to the Press his Pee Pee.

    Press falls in love with Branson's Pee Pee.

    "Its Not Un U Su Al to be sucked by anyone" baaa baa ba bbaa ba baaaaaa.

  15. Trouble. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They had trouble of some kind, George.

  16. Let machines take the risks by Goonie · · Score: 1
    I agree to some extent, but why have humans taking the risks in highly experimental spacecraft in 2014?

    Leaving aside the question about whether the design was adequately verified with on-ground experiments (including static full system tests but also validation of individual engine components), why have a design that requires a human pilot on board for flight testing?

    --

    Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from a rigged demo
    --Andy Finkel (J. Klass?)
    1. Re:Let machines take the risks by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      why have a design that requires a human pilot on board for flight testing?

      The human can react to unexpected events better than any machine of similar price.
      When you consider the cost of a spacecraft, it really makes no sense to not stick a human to it as he only costs a million or two on failures, is cheaper to deploy and could even save the spacecraft in situations the AI would not.

    2. Re:Let machines take the risks by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      why have a design that requires a human pilot on board for flight testing?

      The human can react to unexpected events better than any machine of similar price.
      When you consider the cost of a spacecraft, it really makes no sense to not stick a human to it as he only costs a million or two on failures, is cheaper to deploy and could even save the spacecraft in situations the AI would not.

      Except the cost of losing a pilot in a project like this is enormous relative to the loss of the vehicle. Politically, it is the human cost that has the potential to kill the project. Far easier to gloss over the loss of a test vehicle if no one is hurt. The use of human pilots during flights of this kind of vehicle does not make sense.

  17. Re:So first plastic solid rocket design status is. by khallow · · Score: 1

    Large fuel chunks coming loose and obstructing the rocket nozzle is a well known failure mode. Maybe inexperience with the new fuel mixture led to structural flaws in the fuel grain.

  18. Of course he does. by Bill_the_Engineer · · Score: 1

    He has too much money depending on success.

    A news release that says a CEO/majority owner will carry on despite the setbacks is like a news release that says water is wet.

    --
    These comments are my own and do not necessarily reflect the views or opinions of my employer or colleagues...