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NASA Funded Project Could Mine Asteroids For Water With Sunlight

MarkWhittington writes: One of the more precious resources that asteroid miners are going after is water, something that is in abundance on Earth and, oddly enough, in space as well but not as easily be acquired. Iron, nickel and platinum group metals will certainly be valuable, but future space travelers will need water, not only for drinking, bathing, and agriculture but for rocket fuel. A story in Space.com reports on a new asteroid mining technique being funded by NASA that would use sunlight, concentrated by mirrors, to extract water out of excavated asteroids. The process is called "optical mining."

37 comments

  1. More disgusting Republican corporate welfare... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Flamebait

    that is all this is. It's just taking money at gunpoint from the working people to give to corporations.

  2. What works on Earth doesn't work in space by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Troll

    This is certainly possible on Earth, but is highly unlikely to work on an asteroid. The problem is that any water released through the optical mining process will be vaporized almost instantaneously because, at the extreme low pressure present, water will exist only as a solid or a gas. At the proximity to the sun and in the presence of intense heating from concentrated sunlight, water vapor will be the result. Owing to the extremely low pressures, though non-zero, in space, the water vapor will almost immediately rush outward from the location it is mined from, making it virtually impossible to collect. Although this method offers opportunities to harness solar energy to extract valuable metals, it's virtually impossible to collect water this way.

    1. Re: What works on Earth doesn't work in space by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Why?

    2. Re:What works on Earth doesn't work in space by taiwanjohn · · Score: 2

      the water vapor will almost immediately rush outward from the location it is mined from, making it virtually impossible to collect

      Maybe that's why the graphic shows a giant enclosure around the asteroid... you know, to capture the water vapor before it gets a way?

      --
      XML is like violence. If it doesn't solve your problem, you're not using enough of it. --AC
    3. Re:What works on Earth doesn't work in space by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yet another slashdotter who assumes the people actually working on something are total idiots who overlook things said slashdotter genius can grasp in mere seconds. WTF is wrong with you people?

    4. Re:What works on Earth doesn't work in space by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Sure, so you just need an impossible thing over your highly unlikely thing to get ...water... while we live on a planet covered in the stuff.

      This is grown-ups daydreaming. If an 8 year old drew this for his parents we'd all go "awww" and pin it on the fridge.

    5. Re: What works on Earth doesn't work in space by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The major trick for the 'enclosure' might be more about managing heat than anything else. A huge sheet of polymer film doesn't weigh much and folds into very modest volume; and can contain modest pressures without much trouble. It won't last long, though, if it is being bombarded with hot vapor and only cooled by whatever anemic long wave IR it manages to radiate.

      If the process temperatures are higher, you'll need a much more robust enclosure; and I'd imagine that it would be more of a "at this stage we cook off the water and any useful organics to separate them from the rock and metal" step in processing an asteroid you are already chopping up for parts.

    6. Re: What works on Earth doesn't work in space by taiwanjohn · · Score: 2

      Good points. And there are also some interesting possibilities with a multi-layer enclosure... You could inflate the space(s) between layers, providing rigidity. You could pump the "inflation fluid" through a mechanism to extract heat (or whatever). You could run electricity through the layers to use the Peltier effect for heat management. Even with a small amount of cooling, you could rapidly condense a lot of the water vapor, thus reducing the internal pressure of the enclosure. Lots of possibilities there...

      --
      XML is like violence. If it doesn't solve your problem, you're not using enough of it. --AC
  3. The US moves forward as the world watches by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Many negative comments and opinions not backed by action. What else can be done?

    Chalk one more for capitalism.

    1. Re: The US moves forward as the world watches by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yep!

    2. Re: The US moves forward as the world watches by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Go back to your cable news old man.

    3. Re:The US moves forward as the world watches by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Chalk *what* to capitalism? Yet another daydream from socialized scientists at NASA?

  4. Use the water to move the asteroid by wisebabo · · Score: 1

    So, once they bag and bake the asteroid to get the water out of it, why don't they use the solar collector to heat the water to make super (super!) heated steam. This can then be directed to propel the asteroid in the opposite direction. I believe a similar scheme has been proposed on earth to make laser (which are based on the ground) launched rockets using water as the working medium. If the water can't be heated enough to get a fast jet, you could always electrolyze it and just combust the oxygen and hydrogen like a normal chemical rocket.

    I presume this scheme only is practical for small asteroids ( 100m?) because the "bag" must be big enough to fully enclose it. Otherwise it might be practical to use it for asteroid (self) deflection. Still, if there are a lot of these smaller asteroids available and if they are pretty "waterlogged" maybe this technique could be compared to almost having fuel tanks scattered around the outer solar system. A small spacecraft could approach one, wrap it, and then use the asteroid "jet" to scoot around the solar system. (As I mentioned by using the term "waterlogged" hopefully most of the asteroid is actually water, this would mean it wouldn't have to move around so much dead weight).

    1. Re: Use the water to move the asteroid by WindBourne · · Score: 1

      Steam would be inefficient. Far better to split and then burn it as fuel.

      --
      I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
  5. Optical mining by penguinoid · · Score: 1

    I see what you dig there...

    --
    Don't waste your vote! Vote for whoever you want, unless you live in a swing state it won't matter anyways
  6. nyah! nyah! you got trolled! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You got trolled! LOLOLOL!

  7. but not as easily be acquired... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Way to go, team slashcopyedit

  8. Troy Rising by ma11achy · · Score: 5, Funny

    Someone's been reading John Ringo :)

    Either way, it's terrible leaving all that energy go to waste. Let's start bootstrapping ourselves up the Kardashev scale.

    --
    Eagles may soar, but weasels don't get sucked into jet engines
    1. Re: Troy Rising by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Riiight...

    2. Re:Troy Rising by wbr1 · · Score: 1

      Unfortunately we are only up to the Kardashian scale. Sad.

      --
      Silence is a state of mime.
    3. Re:Troy Rising by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      came here to say this, was not sad to see someone beat me to it!

  9. Mining water from asteroids.... by clark0r · · Score: 1

    Sounds like this is the Martian way!

  10. Water by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Question.
    If there is water on asteroids, shouldn't we be looking for alien life on asteroids instead of on Mars?
    Seeing how asteroids can be a lot closer to us than Mars is...

  11. Technique by Intrepid+imaginaut · · Score: 2

    I've often wondered whether enclosing the mining location in an envelope of some sort was really the most effective way to collect material in space. Surely either giving the target a spin or taking advantage of its existing spin while melting a spot, followed by an "ice cream scoop" collector might be more efficient? Afterwards it might end up looking a little like Vesta.

  12. Them Republicans are **TRULY DISGUSTING** by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They are so disgusting they even call themselves Democrats !!!!!!

  13. How about nuclear power? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    "Hokey religions and ancient weapons are no match for a good blaster at your side, kid."

    1. Re: How about nuclear power? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      The Shared Optical Local Ambient Radiation source is nuclear power. The largest such facility within currently attainable distance, in fact.

  14. further proof journalism is dead by Thud457 · · Score: 1
    way to bury the lead space.com!
    The headline should be "NASA wants to build solar-powered DEATHRAY !"

    Now what was that you were about to say about cutting funding, Senator?

    --

    the preceding comment is my own and in no way reflects the opinion of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

  15. Spin =/= Gravity by penguinoid · · Score: 1

    Surely either giving the target a spin or taking advantage of its existing spin while melting a spot, followed by an "ice cream scoop" collector might be more efficient?

    You realize that spin won't generate a centrally directed gravitational field, right? That your mining operation will look rather like a wet dog shaking itself off in space, with stuff flying everywhere, and your mining equipment will have to be digging "upwards" towards the core? And that focusing light on the same spot of a rotating target (else goodbye efficiency) is much more difficult?

    --
    Don't waste your vote! Vote for whoever you want, unless you live in a swing state it won't matter anyways
    1. Re:Spin =/= Gravity by Intrepid+imaginaut · · Score: 1

      You realize that spin won't generate a centrally directed gravitational field, right?

      That's rather the point, you need to think in terms of space, not terrestrial mining. The actual mining and melting apparatus would be floating above the surface collecting material as it melts with the exception of the "scoop" which would be just behind the hotspot.

      And that focusing light on the same spot of a rotating target (else goodbye efficiency) is much more difficult?

      Again you're missing it, the rotation would be the means by which the surface moves rather than trying to move your mining apparatus around the surface. It would take a lot of energy to melt material in a timely fashion but it's not as though the sun has any shortage of energy to feed into solar concentrators, which could be arbitrarily large without being heavy.

      Imagine a round ball of ice cream spinning on a top. Now imagine holding up a large magnifying glass in sunlight to focus on the equator while a small scoop runs right behind the bright area collecting the ice cream as it melts and funneling it off down a tube for separation into useful and non-useful stuff.

    2. Re:Spin =/= Gravity by tomhath · · Score: 1

      I imagine it would be for more efficient to just send a tank of water from Earth rather than sending all that apparatus to an asteroid and having the water there.

    3. Re:Spin =/= Gravity by Intrepid+imaginaut · · Score: 1

      Not at all, at least not in the mid to long term, especially if you need the enormous amounts of water that a space station or any kind of space-based industry would swallow.

    4. Re:Spin =/= Gravity by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Get the target rotating, focus the light onto the top and bottom of the target first, then all that melted material will converge to the equator. Have your mining equipment on the inner surface of a sphere or cylinder, and it can just extend inwards to pick up the melted material.

  16. Got your work cut out for you.... by CaptainLard · · Score: 1

    space travelers will need water, not only for drinking, bathing, and agriculture but for rocket fuel.

    ...Convincing /. that bathing is the second most important item on that list.

  17. So breaking a mining mirror... by Dareth · · Score: 1

    So breaking a mining mirror...is 7 years bad luck, or 7 year round trip to refit?

    --

    I only look human.
    My mother is a halfling and my dad is an ogre, so that makes me an Ogreling
  18. Not odd by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 1

    One of the more precious resources that asteroid miners are going after is water, something that is in abundance on Earth and, oddly enough, in space as well

    Why is that so odd? Where do you think the water on Earth came from?