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A New Algorithm Could Protect Ships From 'Rogue Waves' (cio.com)

itwbennett writes: MIT researchers have developed a tool they say can predict so-called rogue waves, giant waves that seem to appear out of nowhere and can cause devastation to ships unlucky enough to be struck by them. The researchers found that certain wave groups end up 'focusing' or exchanging energy in a way that eventually leads to a rogue wave. The tool they developed uses an algorithm that sifts through data from surrounding waves and computes a probability that a particular wave group will turn into a rogue wave within the next few minutes.

62 comments

  1. how exactly new? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Because its done on water? wave analysis has exsisted in the audio industry for a long time and exactly the same principles must apply

    1. Re:how exactly new? by KGIII · · Score: 2

      It appears that this is a new algorithm, that's the terminology. Regardless of any audio history, the algorithm wasn't known prior. It is now known. Thus, we call it new.

      In my humble opinion, it's not new. It has always been there. It has just been uncovered, discovered, inferred, revealed, or whatever. The algorithm doesn't care if we know about it or not. It just exists. However, that's a rather long-winded way to express it and will likely confuse the folks on the short bus. So, "new" is gonna have to do unless you want really long-winded/verbose press-releases.

      --
      "So long and thanks for all the fish."
    2. Re:how exactly new? by Bengie · · Score: 1

      I just got a new car, it was used. "New" is quite flexible.

    3. Re:how exactly new? by KGIII · · Score: 1

      I suppose that, by some definition, you discovered it too.

      --
      "So long and thanks for all the fish."
  2. Re: The Republicans... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They want us to all die miserable.

  3. Re:Must be careful of those rogue waves... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Ugh, slashdot *still* can't just make a url linkable? No wonder they keep selling it. Next it'll probably integrate with AOL.

    the front fell off

  4. Re:The Republicans... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    will never allow this to be used since they are pro-human suffering.

    Unless there is a way to make stupid amounts of money at the cost of lives like making the technology so expensive that only those with super yachts can afford it and not requiring it on passenger boats

  5. Re: The Republicans... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    And killing someone scales because it makes a lot of people miserable. It's the best way they have of making sure mothers and children end up on welfare.

  6. Re: The Republicans... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They want everyone on welfare so the government has more control.

  7. Re: The Republicans... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    And killing someone scales because it makes a lot of people miserable. It's the best way they have of making sure mothers and children end up on welfare.

    Actually more profitable to kill mothers and children so the republicans want an end to women and children first.
    Once the women are gone the men can concentrate on making the republicans more money.

  8. Re: The Republicans... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This. They hate the people so they ever allow science to protect the people.

  9. Re: The Republicans... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Ever allow? No, dumbazz. They never allow.

  10. Re:The Republicans... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    will never allow this to be used since they are pro-human suffering.

    It's not that they don't allow it. It's that they make it so expensive that normal people can't afford it.

  11. Ocean-going ground-effect aircraft by rcw-home · · Score: 1

    Would this make ocean-going ground-effect aircraft (a la Ekranoplans) viable? It could create a third tier of shipping in between ship and air. Assuming, of course, that the necessary data can be gathered while traveling across the waves at several hundred mph.

    1. Re:Ocean-going ground-effect aircraft by Longjmp · · Score: 0

      I very much doubt that. Ground-effect aircraft need, well, some kind of ground to fly.
      In a condition where rogue waves may appear, this "ground" is simply lacking between waves and the aircraft would probably nose-dive into the next wave.

      --
      There are fewer illiterates than people who can't read.
  12. Re:Must be careful of those rogue waves... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    i wish there was technology to protect against rogue youtube links that are dumb and posted by dumb people who complained about getting their dumb link out twice when if they had done it 0 times it would be less dumb.

    morons.

  13. Rogue waves by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

    Beware of well wishers that do not know anyone on the boat as it leaves.
    This causes great confusion. Legitimate wavers are overlooked as passengers divert their gaze to the rogue and miss a last chance farewell.

    1. Re:Rogue waves by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I prefer to do my well wishing at funerals of someone I don't know.
      Free Food!

    2. Re:Rogue waves by KGIII · · Score: 1

      Nah man, rogue waves are just a part of thieves cant.

      --
      "So long and thanks for all the fish."
  14. Facts are hard by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They can strike in otherwise calm waters

    That part is rubbish. The problem is not rogue 8 meter waves swelling out of a sea with 1 meter waves.
    Big ocean going vessels can easily deal with 8 meter waves.
    The problem is 30+ meter waves swelling out of a storm with 10 meter waves.
    The ship can deal with any storm the ocean can throw at it.
    But not with a 30+ meter wave.

    So the sentence should have been:
    > They [rogue waves] wreck havoc in severe storms by turning 10 meter waves into 30 meter ones; a height no ship is designed to deal with.

    On top of that the steep curve that rogue waves follow adds to the problem because the ship cannot rude such a steep slope.
    Normal storm waves have a gentle slope which the ship can 'ride' on top of.

    1. Re:Facts are hard by Lotana · · Score: 1

      This is the part that I don't get: How is this algorithm supposed to "Protect" the ship. Sounds like only thing it can do is predict that one will be forming.

      If so, how can a ship possibly survive such a gigantic wave even if it knows it is coming? Would this algorithm even predict what direction it is coming from? I recall that I heard somewhere that a best way to cross a wave is to go at it on a 45 degree angle. Not sure where I read that...

      Surely we have slashdoters that have great knowledge of seafaring. What would be the best course that a ship can take to survive such a sudden mountain of water?

    2. Re:Facts are hard by Cassini2 · · Score: 1

      When waves interact they generate an interference pattern. The interference pattern will have larger up and downs than the original waves. However, it might not be obvious to a ship that they are in such an interference pattern, as locally the sea looks like waves. Depending on the path of the boat, shortly before the peak of the interference pattern, you may see an unusually quiet region. I could see how it would get a mariner confused.

      What I never understood was if rogue waves were caused by interference patterns, or something completely different like under-ocean mudslides. If this research works out, maybe we will know the answer.

    3. Re:Facts are hard by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Rogue waves can be any size. I've been in a rouge wave that was only about 3-4'. The surrounding waves were < 6 inches, so it was a bit of a shock.

      45 degrees is a good starting point. Every boat or ship takes waves a bit differently. A single wave that is not breaking and is less than the length of the boat or ship can usually be survived by heading straight into it. If the wave length is too short, then the face will be too steep and it can still flip the boat.

  15. The next few minutes? by Todd+Knarr · · Score: 1

    The "next few minutes" is basically just enough time to give the "abandon ship" order. To be useful the algorithm has to predict the rogue wave far enough in advance to let the ship turn and steam clear of the wave group. In a storm, that's probably 20-30 minutes which I don't see happening any time soon.

    1. Re:The next few minutes? by distilate · · Score: 1

      Great they have invented a you're Fucked warning.

    2. Re:The next few minutes? by Trepidity · · Score: 4, Informative

      Depends on the wave and the ship, but just turning the ship so it faces directly into the wave can be sufficient to greatly mitigate damage in a lot of cases. Being hit by an unexpected large wave broadside is typically worse than hitting it head-on, especially by reducing the risk of capsizing.

      That's actually been successfully done at least once even with current technology: the captain of a cruise ship in 1998 spotted a 90-foot (27-meter) rogue wave on radar, and turned the ship to face it head-on, avoiding serious damage.

    3. Re:The next few minutes? by Snotnose · · Score: 1

      If a rogue wave is heading my way I think the last thing I'd want to do is abandon ship. Even with those self-contained lifeboats, unless you have a 4 point harness the tossing around is liable to kill you.

    4. Re:The next few minutes? by ShaunC · · Score: 1

      "You can't run your ship into an iceberg anymore, the radar is just too good," he said. "It would have to manned by a complete idiot."

      It would have to manned indeed. Got a chuckle out of that one.

      --
      Thanks to the War on Drugs, it's easier to buy meth than it is to buy cold medicine!
    5. Re:The next few minutes? by TheRealHocusLocus · · Score: 0

      The "next few minutes" is basically just enough time to give the "abandon ship" order.

      Just enough time to switch to GEICO.
      Ogg say, better just to separate saucer section. Bad news for cheap tickets.

      Ogg think is not size of ship but shape and area above water make target for wave energy. Ogg duck under water, why cannot ship? Ship need water tightness on top but that just good sense. Silly people stack containers to sky on hippo boat make Ogg angry, just break apart and fill ocean with rubber ducks. Hippo boat has good side and bad side. Ogg think ducks. They bob. Bob bob and little duck heads go up and down. Ogg like that. Ducks no get together and make big duck. Ducks only held together by bond of friendship. Ogg want people think like ducks. Circle things hate to turn over like hippo things but circle thing waste space. Go basalt like Giant's Causeway and Led Zepplin with no naked kids. Make many smaller hexagon boats Ogg say. Stack silly containers on hexagon not into sky but just above water like duck heads. Pieces can come together like hippo boat shape and go fast under good sky or push apart with duck-legs of steel between them good for pushing and flexing, for bad sky, far enough apart to spin to put best side to waves and not lean into each other. Like ducks! Waves come and water comes, little ducks lifted higher than hippo boat then pinch nose and Duck! under top of wave each with duck legs to keep others from turning over. Raft of ducks. A duck raft. Ogg like wave-things and ducks. And hexagons.

      Ducks really smart. Ogg say ducks rock.

      Ogg like rocks too. See Cloaking Technology Could Protect Offshore Rigs From Destructive Waves where Ogg say, Need Gauusian diffusion resonance window.

      --
      <blink>down the rabbit hole</blink>
    6. Re:The next few minutes? by tlhIngan · · Score: 1

      Depends on the wave and the ship, but just turning the ship so it faces directly into the wave can be sufficient to greatly mitigate damage in a lot of cases. Being hit by an unexpected large wave broadside is typically worse than hitting it head-on, especially by reducing the risk of capsizing.

      Rogue wave or not, captains want to steer their ship into the wave as it's the only way to get through the water safely. Waves hitting broadside is asking for a capsize. Engine failure during a storm is considered a very serious event because loss of engine power means loss of steering, and loss of steering means your ship can no longer be pointed into the waves and you risk capsize.

    7. Re:The next few minutes? by LunaticTippy · · Score: 1

      If your engine fails during a storm and you have no way to generate sail power you can deploy a sea anchor from the bow which will keep the ship pointed into the waves.

      --
      Man, you really need that seminar!
  16. Then by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Then, if they're predictable they can't be called rogue waves.

  17. English Is Difficult by sexconker · · Score: 2

    Wreck? Rude?
    Wreak. Ride.

    Aside from your atrocious spelling, your facts are false and misleading. Not all ships are large enough to withstand 10 meter waves. No ship can "deal with any storm the ocean can throw at it". The size of the wave makes a big difference, regardless of slope. If a large wave crests and comes down on you you're fucked. It a large wave hits you at a bad angle, you're fucked.

    1. Re:English Is Difficult by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      But... but... They said the Titanic is UNSINKABLE!

    2. Re:English Is Difficult by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You missed the part where it says "big ocean going vessels".
      Never mind, reading is hard.

    3. Re:English Is Difficult by flatulus · · Score: 1

      Wreck? Rude?
      Wreak. Ride.

      Aside from your atrocious spelling, ...

      It a large wave hits you at a bad angle, you're fucked.

      Yeah man, it a large wave, I agree.

    4. Re:English Is Difficult by war4peace · · Score: 1

      Me not sure.

      --
      ...gis sdrawkcab (usually not responding to ACs; don't bother posting as AC)
    5. Re:English Is Difficult by sexconker · · Score: 1

      The f got flipped upside down.
      By a large wave.

  18. Wishful thinking by OpinOnion · · Score: 1

    Ok, so i like the research, but the theory that it could be used anytime soon for some type of rouge wave detection or prevention seems far fetched. I don't see it being very easy to map out wave activity in a large enough area in all the varying conditions you come across at sea AND produce any useful lead time in warning no less what does a warning do. Boats maneuver like.. boats. When you're out in the vast fluid dynamics of the ocean there isn't much you're going to do to get away from a wave or block the force of it's impact. Perhaps we can come up with areas and conditions where rouge waves can be said to be more common, but real time prediction or prevention isn't happening anytime soon and why would it, rouge waves are not any kind of pressing issue. Boats are just not made to survive large waves due to their large broadsides. If you want to make a boat that is protected from a rouge wave then engineer more stable boats. What else will you do tether a giant mesh of sensor to the boat? Sounds like people getting paid for science that will never see the light of day.

    1. Re:Wishful thinking by hyades1 · · Score: 1

      "Rouge waves".....sounds like a fashion trend.

      --
      I've calculated my velocity with such exquisite precision that I have no idea where I am.
    2. Re:Wishful thinking by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Or a particularly painful visit with Aunt Flo.

  19. Nautical Drone Network by dohzer · · Score: 1

    Drone measures "rogue wave" -> Generates radio wave -> warns ship.

    1. Re:Nautical Drone Network by serbanp · · Score: 2

      Rogue waves travel fast, the one they've actually recorded was doing 45mph. They also can appear from a direction different from the prevailing swell. To cover a perimeter large enough to give advance warning (10 minutes?), you need a lot of drones.

  20. OFDM / Crest factor by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Take a look at the graph for time-domain signals in OFDM and rogue wave plots. They look almost identical. Maybe some collaboration on these high-dynamic-range events could help.

    1. Re:OFDM / Crest factor by Ungrounded+Lightning · · Score: 1

      Take a look at the graph for time-domain signals in OFDM and rogue wave plots. They look almost identical.

      That's because OFDM approaches the full use of the available bandwidth for information transport. The closer you get to that, the more your signal looks like random noise.

      --
      Bantam Dominique roosters crow a four-note song. Once you've heard it as "Happy BIRTHday" you can't NOT hear it that way
  21. Likely.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Anyways, projection analysis has not been the only way induct events. There's a lot of data to create such expectation, but nature is nature my angels.

  22. Quantum mechanics link? by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 0

    I have a vague recollection of some mathematical link being postulated between rogue waves and some aspects of quantum mechanics.

    Anyone know what that might have been?

    --
    systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
    1. Re:Quantum mechanics link? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Maybe, but I think it is more along the lines of a bunch of vectors all pointing up to generate a very large "spike". This is very low probability, but the probability still exists and does occur.

    2. Re:Quantum mechanics link? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Should have said "all pointing in the same direction" instead of pointing up. This is very similar to OFDM time domain signals. "Crest Factor"

    3. Re:Quantum mechanics link? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Solitons are a solution to certain wave equations that also come up in quantum mechanics and a couple other fields. Some wave modeling is also done with a variation of the Schrodinger equation, although the overlap with QM is kind of limited there, and that isn't specific to rogue waves.

    4. Re:Quantum mechanics link? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Water waves don't have solitons, they have solitary waves. And they don't exist in 3D.

    5. Re:Quantum mechanics link? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, the probability of getting waves as large as observed is too low, and they wouldn't have the coherence length that they have. Rogue waves specifically require nonlinear effects where passing waves of different wavelengths do interact, and you can get a self-steepening effect with soliton-like waves. This shows up in other areas of research too, like plasma physics, where waves and shocks can transfer energy into a particular wave non-linearly, ultimately reaching some saturation point.

    6. Re:Quantum mechanics link? by Ungrounded+Lightning · · Score: 1

      Water waves don't have solitons

      Sure they do. The second figure in the Wikipedia article on solitons is a water-wave soliton: a sine wave with a sech() envelope.

      That's just a solution with mild nonlinearity. As the waves become more extreme there is more nonlinearity, and thus more opportunity for such

      --
      Bantam Dominique roosters crow a four-note song. Once you've heard it as "Happy BIRTHday" you can't NOT hear it that way
  23. I guess the Russians don't believe you by zkiwi34 · · Score: 1

    Because they built this beastie

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

    1. Re:I guess the Russians don't believe you by KGIII · · Score: 1

      That looks like a link to the Caspian Sea Monster. IIRC, that was from the 1960s. Rogue Waves weren't well understood at the time because very few had observed them and lived to tell about them. I seem to recall having learned that, until not that long ago, they were believed to not even be real but exaggerated stories from fisherman and sketchy sailors.

      I dunno what you know about them but I know that I know very little about them other than what I've seen in a couple of documentaries. So, unless you know something I don't know - I'm thinking an untimely run-in between a Rogue Wave and a ground-effect craft is gonna be problematic.

      --
      "So long and thanks for all the fish."
  24. It Won't Help by JimSadler · · Score: 0

    A short warning of five minutes or so would do very little to moderate the crushing damage done by rogue waves. No matter what position a ship is in a 150 ft. high wave is going to do major damage. It is not like one could run from a rogue wave as ships are slow compared to waves. Smaller vessels have no hope at all. The recent proof of gravity waves got me to wondering if a rogue gravity wave could ever take place. Imagine what that might entail.

    1. Re:It Won't Help by Hognoxious · · Score: 2

      Side of a ship: long and vertical.

      Bow (that's the front): Narrow and pointy.

      It makes a difference where you get hit. Have you ever even seen a boat, let alone been in one?

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
  25. This is pretty clever by Solandri · · Score: 1

    I know everyone has seen the example where two waves meet up and their amplitudes add up, creating a huge peak. While the arithmetic of that is correct, the actual dynamic behavior of waves is a lot more complex. What you see as a wave is only a partial instantaneous manifestation of an energy pulse in the water. Waves do not propagate in isolation like you learned in high school. As with coupled pendulums, there is energy transference between individual waves.

    So instead of taking the arithmetic approach - measuring every wave, and trying to predict when a rogue wave will happen - they're measuring wave train profiles and analyzing how they'll combine and interact. The calculations are a lot more complex, but you need a lot fewer measurements and calculations.

  26. Goodvibes by bigtreeman · · Score: 1

    The captain will want to know about this

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?...

    --
    Go well
  27. Wave mechanics is hard, too, but doable. by Ungrounded+Lightning · · Score: 1

    This is the part that I don't get: How is this algorithm supposed to "Protect" the ship. Sounds like only thing it can do is predict that one will be forming.

    If so, how can a ship possibly survive such a gigantic wave even if it knows it is coming?

    There are several candidates for rogue wave generation. In most of them (such as multi-wave focus and in-phase combination of several wave components of different frequencies) the rogue wave is very limited, especially in duration. (A possible exception is a non-linear long-duration soliton, such as the sech() envelope solution for water waves.)

    In particular (at least while the amplitude is low enough that the waves' behavior is approximately linear), even if all the wave energy is going in the same direction, each sinusoidial component of the wave propagates at a different speed, proportional to the square root of its length. If they add up to something like an impulse at one point, a bit farther along their travel (and also a bit farther back in it) they aren't in phase any more. The nasty spike is gone. Things quickly get back to the sort of behavior you usually see.

    If you know long enough in advance (maybe a minute or two) that one of these is going to exist in its full glory where and when you will be on your current course and speed, you can just alter them: Rudder hard over and cut the engine (or let out the sail), for starters. Be in a different place where/when the wave will not have formed, will have dissipated, or will at least be lower and more diffuse - and pointed in a direction to handle what you do encounter.

    Would this algorithm even predict what direction it is coming from?

    Almost certainly - if it involves processing data from more than one spatially-separated sensor, or even a single sensor on a moving platform.

    Surely we have slashdoters that have great knowledge of seafaring.

    Or some knowledge of both seafaring and surface wave mechanics.

    What would be the best course that a ship can take to survive such a sudden mountain of water?

    Be somewhere else. B-)

    --
    Bantam Dominique roosters crow a four-note song. Once you've heard it as "Happy BIRTHday" you can't NOT hear it that way