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Verizon Accused of Throttling Netflix and YouTube, Admits To 'Video Optimization' (arstechnica.com)

New submitter dgatwood writes: According to an Ars Technica article, Verizon recently began experimenting with throttling of video traffic. The remarkable part of this story is not that a wireless ISP would throttle video traffic, but rather that Verizon's own Go90 video platform is also affected by the throttling. From the article, "Verizon Wireless customers this week noticed that Netflix's speed test tool appears to be capped at 10Mbps, raising fears that the carrier is throttling video streaming on its mobile network. When contacted by Ars this morning, Verizon acknowledged using a new video optimization system but said it is part of a temporary test and that it did not affect the actual quality of video. The video optimization appears to apply both to unlimited and limited mobile plans. But some YouTube users are reporting degraded video, saying that using a VPN service can bypass the Verizon throttling."
If even Verizon can get on board with throttling sans paid prioritization, why is Comcast so scared of the new laws that are about to go into effect banning it?

52 comments

  1. Won't even the first by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    There's going to be lots more "optimisation" come end of net neutrality.

    Optimisation I believe is based on revenue if I remember correctly.

    1. Re:Won't even the first by ArmoredDragon · · Score: 1

      I don't think this is a case of traffic discrimination, and is indeed optimization without negatively impacting Netflix. Traffic tends to burst rather than be constant, and Netflix is no exception. Imagine (hypothetically) that Netflix was to burst 60mbit of traffic your way for 1 second so that your client then doesn't need to retrieve any more data for another 19 seconds. Why do this when we can drop it to 9mbit for 1 second to get another 2 seconds of video? Modern networks are quite reliable, so we don't need a massive buffer, and all you've done with the prior scenario is use over 6 times the amount of burst traffic than was needed, thus potentially taking away burst traffic from somebody else sharing your backbone link.

  2. Netflix brought it on themselves by dogvomit · · Score: 2

    Netflix totally brought this on themselves by banning VPNs. If I could easily connect though my VPN, then Verizon couldn't tell it was video and throttle it.

    —George

    [Note] Well, I guess Verizon could try to block VPN traffic like China does, but that's a whack-a-mole game if you dress your VPN in TLS wrappers, like with stunnel.

    1. Re:Netflix brought it on themselves by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Netflix signed region-locked contracts. If they let you connect with a VPN, then they could be sued for breach of contract and lose their content.

    2. Re:Netflix brought it on themselves by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If only if there were some sort of government plan to prevent Verizon from doing something like this. But that would never happen, some ex-Verizon employee in the government would probably make sure of that....

    3. Re: Netflix brought it on themselves by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The Obama adminstration's "network neutrality" specifically allows this. In fact, I'd argue it encourages this, as the regulatory compliance is adequately burdensome to prevent new competitors on a community scale, so there's no need to waste money building out infrastructure. Sorry you got sold a bid of goods.

    4. Re:Netflix brought it on themselves by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      >

      [Note] Well, I guess Verizon could try to block VPN traffic like China does, but that's a whack-a-mole game if you dress your VPN in TLS wrappers, like with stunnel.

      Why block it (and provoke possible legal issues), when they could just throttle it to a lower rate than what even YouTube currently gets? They could also just treat anything that's unrecognised by their system to said low level.

    5. Re: Netflix brought it on themselves by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Found the Comcast shill

    6. Re:Netflix brought it on themselves by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      Cell data is a competitive marketplace. They could just lease out half their towers, at least that way they'd save money.

      They won't do anything like that (bring on a crypto war with their customers), because nobody wants 99% of data to be encrypted. Especially the com companies best customer...out of Maryland IIRC.

      At the end of the day, none of this configuration, 5G etc will change a thing. For low ping gaming, you'll want a wire or fiber. If you're trying to game over cell data, in an urban cell full of active users, you're doing it wrong. If you have to game over a cell base station, good luck, don't play twitchy games. Get a kW linear + parabolic, lower your ping for sure, and you'll be able to roast brats in your datastream. That'll be cool...

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    7. Re: Netflix brought it on themselves by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And, in signing those contracts, they still brought it on themselves.

    8. Re:Netflix brought it on themselves by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm not sure that's the case. I'm not a big fan of streaming, but a lot of people moved to Netflix largely due to a few factors:

      * Convenience - works on just about any common device and OS (though DRM and VPN lockouts are retarded);
      * Share-ability - multiple people can watch at the same time, with their own profile;
      * Cost - cheaper than cable;
      * Advertising - or rather, the lack thereof. Trounces cable in this area;
      * Content - somewhat lacking for some, and the catalog is inconsistent. But it also means it's ever-changing, which can be a plus. Also, Netflix original content has been gaining a lot of attention and retaining customers.

      With all of that taken away, the options are streaming with ads (HBO, Hulu, X1, etc), traditional cable (and the nightmares that come with it), traditional cinema (now riddled with 30+ minutes of ads and ridiculous pricing), or BluRay and DVD (which restrict what you can do with it and contain ads).

      Many people, like me, never signed up for cable in their adult lives. The few things I do watch are on streaming services that respect the user and don't pollute the stream with ads. That, or because I use an adblocker I don't notice any. *shrug*

      If people can't find a media consumption option that they can accept, they will remove themselves from the market, because the environment doesn't convey a sense of value.

      The only people that'd rejoice over Netflix dying are the big media companies, who've had a stranglehold on communications in the US for decades. I don't have a Netflix account, and never watch it alone, but it's hard to deny the usability and accessibility of their service. Without them, many people simply wouldn't watch anything, or stick to Youtube and the streaming community sites like Twitch, etc.

      It would cause a huge upset, and all Netflix's staff would have to do is blame the cable companies and the market would tank. The incumbent media companies have spent years fucking people over, and they fled to streaming services to get away from that. Why settle for moldy, crusty, ad-filled garbage, even without the better option around? You know it's garbage, why buy?

    9. Re: Netflix brought it on themselves by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Nope. I'm afraid he's right. The Obama administration's "network neutrality" version of net neutrality allows IPS's and cell companies to bundle preferred services without violating neutrality, which means that net neutrality doesn't really exist. This is how AT&T can give "free" data for streaming Direct TV but charge you for data used for Netfix.
      For the last administration "net neutrality" was always about control and corporate profits and never about neutral pipes allowing equal access. Note: That says nothing about the present administration, which is likely to have the same agenda, as par as corporate profits are concerned.

  3. use a VPS by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Install a custom VPN on a VPS. Don't use OpenVPN. Don't use standard ports. Don't be a fucking dumbass.

  4. Verizon can't throttle the L0de Radio Hour! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    LRH Live Now! Shout out to GNAA!

    1. Re:Verizon can't throttle the L0de Radio Hour! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Thanx d00d gr33tz n pr0ps n 3y3s on j00r sw33t an7s.

    2. Re:Verizon can't throttle the L0de Radio Hour! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      next week streaming from defcon

  5. Guess what? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    They do it on FIOS too. This is what happens when your ISP is also a content provider. And we all just sit back at watch as the big get bigger. Soon if you are in a comcast or verizon only monopoly area you won't be able to cut the cord.

    1. Re:Guess what? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If only there were some way to watch all your content via third party servers in the cloud.

      You choose not to cut the cord when you choose not to use a VPN.

    2. Re:Guess what? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They do it on FIOS too. This is what happens when your ISP is also a content provider.

      Yep, internet streaming is a huge threat and competitor to cable TV. Then why the heck are cable TV operators also allowed to become ISPs? It's like going to AMD (instead of Dell) to buy an Intel PC.

      Non-Net neutrality is about collecting $50-$100/mo. cable TV subscription from Netflix users.

  6. Speed test by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Att Wireless
    Google Speed Test: 15
    Fast.net: 2

    CenturyLink broadband
    Google Speed Test: 6
    Fast.net: 0.8

  7. Because you NEED 4K video on your cellphone! by clonehappy · · Score: 1, Interesting

    Look, I'm as pro-net-neutrality as the next guy, but when you have people with the attention span of a gnat loading video after video in UHD on a shared wireless link just to lose interest after 20 seconds (after half the video has loaded), it probably makes a lot of sense from a network management standpoint to limit the videos to 10Mbps. T-Mobile limits most of their video to 1.5Mbps, but since they're the tech fanboy sweetheart no one bats an eye at that!

    Note that I don't disagree with T-Mobile's approach, either. But ho-lee-fuck is Verizon getting a lot of shit for quietly limiting video to 7 times T-Mobile's video data rate. I'm sure that everyone can get along just fine only watching their mobile video in 1080p on their 5" screen. And before someone chimes in with "what about the rurrral users who can only get cellular data", then I guess a trade off to living in the country is you only get 1080p video from Netflix. Poor babies.

    Sure, this could be a slippery slope to silencing dissenting speech on the internet. I get it. But until CNN, MSNBC (or Infowars or Breitbart) are being blackholed, I'll pass on this stupid battle. The lady doth protest too much, methinks.

    1. Re:Because you NEED 4K video on your cellphone! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm sure that everyone can get along just fine only watching their mobile video in 1080p on their 5" screen.

      Have you heard of tethering?

    2. Re:Because you NEED 4K video on your cellphone! by clonehappy · · Score: 1

      Sure I have. It's still not meant to be used as a primary home internet connection. There's a reason wireless is also called "mobile". It's designed to be used while you're on the go.

      I actually use my tethering extensively, sometimes even *gasp* to binge-watch videos on Netflix on my laptop (usually at the airport or a hotel out in the sticks when I'm out of town on business), that's why I understand the situation so well! Those are situations where I just need some mindless entertainment but for fuck's sake I don't need 4K in those situations. But when I'm at home watching my 70" TV that can actually benefit from UHD video, I use my fixed-line wired internet connection. Why would I want to use a shitty cellular connection at home where I actually care about video quality?

      And honestly, I usually use my T-Mobile $30 plan to tether, because most of my usage on the go IS video, which is zero-rated at 1.5Mbps so I can watch as much of it as I want without shitting up the network for everyone else.

    3. Re:Because you NEED 4K video on your cellphone! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Sure I have. It's still not meant to be used as a primary home internet connection. There's a reason wireless is also called "mobile". It's designed to be used while you're on the go.

      Your thought leader Randall Munroe has decided mobile data is good enough to replace home internet.

      https://xkcd.com/1865

      Update your prejudices for current year.

    4. Re:Because you NEED 4K video on your cellphone! by AHuxley · · Score: 1

      Re 'Sure I have. It's still not meant to be used as a primary home internet connection."
      If it is that oversold and such a poor quality network don't oversell it.
      Put real speed and data caps on every account until speeds can be supported again.
      Why sell it as an always on, always ready network if it cant support that use?
      Just build a real network that can support all the users would be another idea ....

      --
      Domestic spying is now "Benign Information Gathering"
    5. Re: Because you NEED 4K video on your cellphone! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Are you saying that an ISP can change data in transit based on a person's age, mental state, income or other factors which would require real time spying? Do tell.

    6. Re: Because you NEED 4K video on your cellphone! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Already possible. The ISP would simply need to identify the content being watched and then check the target demographic for that content. Since content is deliberately targeted by age and income and mental state.

    7. Re: Because you NEED 4K video on your cellphone! by clonehappy · · Score: 1

      No. I'm saying that 10Mbps is just fine for watching mobile video.

      Wait...can, or should? Of course they shouldn't change data in transit based on any of those factors. They absolutely CAN. That technology is a decade old or more.

      And I don't think a basic rate-limit is "changing data in transit", it just forces the client and server to negotiate a different acceptable rate of transfer. The data hasn't been altered between the two endpoints. Or are you just being stupidly disingenuous?

    8. Re:Because you NEED 4K video on your cellphone! by Dutch+Gun · · Score: 2

      Apps or browsers should handle streaming in a sane fashion, not downloading half the video if you're only going to watch the first 20 seconds. We shouldn't be delegating or even allowing the ISPs to be making those decisions for us.

      I'm totally fine with general bandwidth-throttling of heavy users after they exceed their caps over time, if that's specified in the contract. This sort of behind-the-scenes thing, IMO, is not okay. The ISPs have a direct financial incentive to throttle bandwidth down to a barely tolerable level, and this comes at the direct cost of users' viewing or browsing experience.

      --
      Irony: Agile development has too much intertia to be abandoned now.
    9. Re:Because you NEED 4K video on your cellphone! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      YouTube already does all of that with DASH video, because it's in the interest of YouTube to save bandwidth by not streaming video that you're not watching.

      Dream up a better excuse.

    10. Re:Because you NEED 4K video on your cellphone! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There are places that cellular wireless is the only way to get service that isn't dialup or satellite. Sometimes you need 720p or 1080p on a cellphone to be able to read text on a training video. If connections get throttled to 480p, you're screwed. If you're doing 360 degree video in VR, you definitely need 4k or things are blurry. Try it sometime.

    11. Re:Because you NEED 4K video on your cellphone! by jon3k · · Score: 1

      Sure I have. It's still not meant to be used as a primary home internet connection. There's a reason wireless is also called "mobile". It's designed to be used while you're on the go.

      You should tell that to all those manufacturers who have been putting radios in their routers for the last decade. Or the entire companies built around the idea of fixed point cellular service. Or the entire concept of fixed LTE that's been expanding everywhere.

    12. Re:Because you NEED 4K video on your cellphone! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This is a good feature nonetheless, perhaps it would be useful to implement it in a browser, OS, or router.
      See, even if you have a very high cap like 50GB for 3G/4G, it is completely wasteful to have your system automatically request 1080p video just for showing journalists and politicians talking around a table. 360p or 480p with decent or high quality sound would be perfect.
      You could use a special "youtube" app and rate-limit it, but maybe I'd rather use the browser since it can access everything.
      You might rate-limit the browser, but if this feature rate-limits only the video while keeping the rest fast that's better.

  8. Oh, bull pucky! by buss_error · · Score: 5, Informative

    I had a really snarky and funny line to start this off with, simulating network lag, but Slashdot filters insist that I remove junk chars. from the post. sigh

    I do work for people with no other access to internet other than cell they can afford. Most of them are elderly, and most of them have health monitors that report to their heath care professionals via Internet. Pacemakers are big, though there are some that use it for other health monitoring including checking to see if they've opened their medications for the day, and a few that are under court ordered monitoring while their cases are pending.

    What I've noticed is that UDP packets seem to be targeted, but not TCP so much. I've started using Raspberry Pi's to wrap UDP, deliver it the cell network, then on to a cloud server, then use the cloud server to unwrap the UDP and forward it. It's not just Verizon I see this issue with, but all major carriers and some minor ones. I can't say the UDP packet loss is nefarious action by the ISP. After all, the advantage of UDP is not having the overhead of TCP. But it does seem odd.

    Most of the people I help out are in small towns far from any metroplex. I am training my replacement though, because as I mentioned in another post my own health is declining. I will be putting up my scrips to github shortly so if you're interested in helping out folks, you don't have to re-invent what I've done. A lot of it is bash with standard utilities, but some of it is python or C programs. All of it is documented to the point of "A PHB can do this." because that's the way I document. Smart folks can scan it for nuggets, and those not well versed in the art can advance their skills.

    Aside: One of the scripts had a one liner - but the documentation for that single line runs three pages. It has to do with taking a hundred lines of data, formatting it, wrapping it in JSON, and sending it on. I tell you exactly why each flag is used, why it's there and what it does, what to look for if there are errors, and where to find more information if I didn't cover it. Yeah - a bit of over kill. I'm trying to make it so that even the most inexperienced can help their loved ones if they have no other options.

    I used to help set up CLECs for places without any internet, but in the past three years this have become impossible or too expensive due to changes in state law. I tired to get a pole permit (move other telecoms equipment - POTS line in this case) five years ago, and it's still pending approval. It's moot now - that pole no longer is there. It was removed when they pulled out the POTS wiring.

    Anyway, Verizon isn't the most evil out there, though I don't think in any way they have a halo. AT&T in my opinion is far, far worse.

    --
    Necessity is the plea for every infringement of human freedom. It is the argument of tyrants; it is the creed of slaves.
    1. Re:Oh, bull pucky! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      What I've noticed is that UDP packets seem to be targeted, but not TCP so much. I've started using Raspberry Pi's to wrap UDP, deliver it the cell network, then on to a cloud server, then use the cloud server to unwrap the UDP and forward it. It's not just Verizon I see this issue with, but all major carriers and some minor ones. I can't say the UDP packet loss is nefarious action by the ISP. After all, the advantage of UDP is not having the overhead of TCP. But it does seem odd.

      So it would seem TCP is afforded higher priority than UDP. This is completely understandable from the perspective of web browsing when UDP is generally only used for DNS queries and actual HTTP content is carried by TCP.

      It sounds like you're wrapping UDP in TCP which adds a lot of overhead.

      Have you tried ICMP? It has less overhead than TCP and you might find the ISPs care to make a effort to deliver ping packets to make their latency look good. Running your UDP traffic through an ICMP tunnel might be sufficient.

    2. Re:Oh, bull pucky! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      your a doosh

    3. Re:Oh, bull pucky! by buss_error · · Score: 1

      Have you tried ICMP? Actually, it didn't occur to me. So there's a major "derp" on my part. Thank you, I'll look into it.

      --
      Necessity is the plea for every infringement of human freedom. It is the argument of tyrants; it is the creed of slaves.
  9. They couldn't even wait by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They didn't even wait for Net Neutrality to official be cancelled before testing selective slowing down of the internet.

    And Go90 stream at HD not 4K, so their cap on their service is more than their service needs.

    Fuck lying Chairman Pai, the former Verizon lawyer. He said Net Neutrality wasn't needed because they wouldn't selectively slow down the internet and they're selectively slowing down the internet.

    1. Re:They couldn't even wait by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They are prioritising based on traffic type not company.

      If you're against prioritising certain traffic types, then I hope you're ok with them letting people's videos flood out your VoIP traffic.

    2. Re:They couldn't even wait by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Hell no. I need to be able to dial 911 when my pizza isn't delivered after 30 minutes.

  10. Victim Blaming by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 2

    It's not Netflix's fault that an ISP is throttling their bandwidth and it is certainly not their fault that they prevent your chosen method to circumvent this from working for reasons which have nothing to do with bandwidth. The fact that an ISP is doing this is why we need net neutrality.

  11. If Net Neutrality disappears... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Shit is gonna hit the fan.

    1. Re:If Net Neutrality disappears... by pedz · · Score: 1

      Its gonna hit the fan anyway, You really think the federal government is your friend? You really think you can regulate your way to a better life?

    2. Re:If Net Neutrality disappears... by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      This isn't banned by net neutrality. Rate limit by type, consistently applied. Hyperventilate elsewhere.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    3. Re:If Net Neutrality disappears... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This isn't banned by net neutrality. Rate limit by type, consistently applied. Hyperventilate elsewhere.

      [serious discussion here so leave your sarcastic comments to yourself]

      Given what I know about the platform being used to implement this stuff... consistent application by type is exactly what is going on. Also, encryption is one way to get around it. Can that platform apply different rules to different sources? In theory, yes. In reality, not from what I know.

      As for the Netflix "speed test tool", you have to "consider the source". Arguably, Netflix has a truly vested interest in making all Internet performance look bad so Netflix can "astroturf" the discussion of general Internet performance and "net neutrality" by their user community for Netflix' own political and corporate reasons. Those that allow Netflix to lead them into that discussion are simply "drinking the Netflix kool aid" while allowing themselves to be treated like a "tool". Said another way, Netflix is not a truly neutral 3rd party when it comes to "Internet speed tests". Netflix simply does not understand or refuses to understand how the Internet actually works, especially when it comes to Internet "peering points" and "95th percentile traffic measurements". Netflix is nothing more than a company filled with f*@king spoiled money grubing millenials that don't care about anyone else. Where is the SJW outage against "money grubing Netflix" and their corporate greed?

      As for the question why anyone in their sane mind needs greater than 480p on a heldheld mobile device, that is beyond me. IMHO people that tether do it because (a) that's how they like the Internets (since they are spoiled rotten brats... LOOK AT WHAT I CAN DO!), or (b) they have no other Internet provider (because they EXPECT "metropolitan level services" in the middle of BFE nowhere... and they are too cheep to pay for the necessary improvements as spoiled rotten brats). Well, I guess they all should be paying more for the cellular service they use based on how they use it.

      As for using VR with your mobile device? HEY! Tell me what's wrong with experiencing reality the way it is really is? If you can't stand reality the way it really is, and you need it "digitally enhanced" or whatever, then I think you have a much much deeper psychological problem that needs professional help, or you need euthanasia (which I hear is now legal in some parts of the world and maybe even in Oregon in the USA).

      I have serious problems with any discussion of "Internet throttling" since almost every article I have read on the matter over the past 5 years has been slanted in some way or another to make a point rather than presenting and discussing actual facts. I have only read 1 truly scholarly article (some 10+ pages written by actual highly educated scholars in an impartial & scientific manner) on Netflix worldwide caching services and their related speeds over those 5 years.

  12. Bullshit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They've chosen a limit that cripples Netflix 4K down to their Go90 HD stream level.

    1. Re:Bullshit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Cripples"

      God you must be an insufferable fucking faggot. 10Mbps 1080p video on a 5" fucking screen is not "crippled" you ignorant motherfucker.

      Go back to shoving a cucumber in your ass and jacking off to pictures of your mom.

  13. Why is anyone still using Netflix anyway? by pedz · · Score: 1

    I assumed every self respecting techie was boycotting Netfix because they are one of the driving companies behind adding DRM (EME) to HTML5. I'm surprised anyone on this board noticed. :-/

    1. Re:Why is anyone still using Netflix anyway? by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      You know what you get when you leave DRM out of HTML5?

      Proprietary players, as far as the eye can see...one for every site. 90% infested with marketing shit and toolbars.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    2. Re:Why is anyone still using Netflix anyway? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes I know. I just ignore the ads and ignore the player. I open the developer console, find the MP4 file, and download the video directly.