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'Sooty Birds' Reveal Hidden US Air Pollution (bbc.com)

Soot trapped in the feathers of songbirds over the past 100 years is causing scientists to revise their records of air pollution. From a report: US researchers measured the black carbon found on 1,300 larks, woodpeckers and sparrows over the past century. They've produced the most complete picture to date of historic air quality over industrial parts of the US. The study also boosts our understanding of historic climate change. [...] This new study takes an unusual approach to working out the scale of soot coming from this part of the US over the last 100 years. The scientists trawled through natural history collections in museums in the region and measured evidence of black carbon, trapped in the feathers and wings of songbirds as they flew through the smoky air. The researchers were able to accurately estimate the amount of soot on each bird by photographing them and measuring the amount of light reflected off them. "We went into natural history collections and saw that birds from 100 years ago that were soiled, they were covered in soot," co-author Shane DuBay, from the Field Museum and the University of Chicago, told BBC News. "We saw that birds from the present were cleaner and we knew that at some point through time the birds cleaned up -- when we did our first pass of analysis using reflectance we were like wow, we have some incredible precision." Their analysis of over 1,000 birds shows that black carbon levels peaked in the first decade of the 1900s and that the air at the turn of the century was worse than previously thought.

80 comments

  1. Ehhh... by Billy+the+Mountain · · Score: 4, Funny

    Was this a study that they planned to do, or was this something they did on a lark?

    --
    That was the turning point of my life--I went from negative zero to positive zero.
    1. Re:Ehhh... by wyHunter · · Score: 1

      Was it valid, or for the birds?

    2. Re:Ehhh... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Was this a study that they planned to do, or was this something they did on a lark?

      They just decided to take a flyer.

      And so they killed two birds with one stone.

    3. Re:Ehhh... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Like most research done with taxpayer money: It was a simple flight of fancy.

    4. Re:Ehhh... by bobbied · · Score: 2

      Was this a study that they planned to do, or was this something they did on a lark?

      It was planned to be just a big goose egg but it turned into something to crow about and not just fowl data.

      But that's what happens when research isn't just a flight of fancy, imagination takes wing bringing understanding to new heights.

      (Ducking for cover.... )

      --
      "File to fit, pound to insert, paint to match" - Aircraft Maintenance 101
    5. Re:Ehhh... by husker_man · · Score: 1

      I'm a bit concerned that they may not have enough cardinal points in the survey to make it accurate.

    6. Re:Ehhh... by bobbied · · Score: 2

      Was it valid, or for the birds?

      Why the Angry Birds of course..

      --
      "File to fit, pound to insert, paint to match" - Aircraft Maintenance 101
    7. Re:Ehhh... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Just to ruffle some feathers.

    8. Re:Ehhh... by dgatwood · · Score: 1

      Careful or the authors of the paper will flip you the bird.

      --

      Check out my sci-fi/humor trilogy at PatriotsBooks.

    9. Re:Ehhh... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, their original plan was to test the effect of intoxicating substances on migratory seabirds, a.k.a "leave no tern unstoned". ...Sorry.

    10. Re:Ehhh... by FatdogHaiku · · Score: 1

      It may have been on the fly, but at least they tweeted about it...
      https://twitter.com/MSBbirds

      --
      You have the right to remain sentient. If you give up the right to remain sentient, you will be elected to public office
  2. Prist Fost by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    In before whiny APK wannabe troll.

    1. Re: Prist Fost by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Butthurt much about APK? Sure seems like it.

  3. Back in the 1950's... by IAteFatCashews · · Score: -1

    If my mother was alive, she would have a thing or two say about those dirty birds.

    1. Re:Back in the 1950's... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1

      There you are spamming amazon affiliate links with yet another fake account, you revenue stream hogging disgusting fat sexist tube of lard, Christopher Dale Reimer!

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      The tree was him and the tree knot was his butt hole!

      So, his uncle packed his fat ass with lard and with his cock! Not that it makes much of a difference but anyway, there it is!

      Signed:
      The girl that used to love you and now hates you, burn in hell where you belong you sexist pig!

    2. Re:Back in the 1950's... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1

      ***please pay attention to the Moon update***

      C.D. Reimer is a renowned Slashdot collaborator, as he puts it himself; "Because of the quality of my posts and my article submissions, I'm a highly rated commentator and moderator."

      But does anybody ever wondered what "C.D." stands for? Well, it stands for Creimy Dumpty of course!

      Creimy Dumpty sat on the wall,
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      And all the king's men
      Couldn't put Creimy Dumpty
      Together again.

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      https://www.youtube.com/watch?...

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      https://www.youtube.com/watch?...

      Creimy's real pictures:
      Before the sex change:
      https://ibb.co/cc7Ddw
      After the sex change:
      https://ibb.co/gVad65

      Creimy's "enterprise-level" chair, he talks about it all the time on slashdot:
      http://www.keynamics.com/image...

      Creimy's head, while his supervisor was talking to him, not with him, since it is impossible to do with Creimy:
      https://school.discoveryeducat...

      Creimy acting in educational resource document, he actually confirmed himself on Slashdot that he was handled by Special Education for the Santa Clara County Office of Education! He is really a king Dumpty!:
      http://www.sccoe.org/depts/stu...

    3. Re:Back in the 1950's... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1

      Exactly! We, at Special Education for the Santa Clara County Office of Education, couldn't agree more with you!

      For the valuable /. users that might already have read the following, please note that there is an important update.

      IMPORTANT UPDATE:
      Special Education for the Santa Clara County Office of Education has invested money to buy Chris a new chair:
      http://www.keynamics.com/image...

      Information about Christopher Dale Reimer and autistic people:

      Autistic people have obsessions about things normal people don't care. For example, one of our autistic patient went haywire when he realized that there was a penny missing in his pocket change.

      To calm him down, one of our educator pretended to have found it on the floor and gave a penny to him.

      The autistic patient condition went even worse because he realized it wasn't the same penny!

      Chris has an obsession with budgeting every penny. He doesn't understand that most people do not budget to the penny and have a flexible amount they allow for miscellaneous items.

      I am Nancy Guerrero and I am Director of Special Education for the Santa Clara County Office of Education. We use Chris' (a.k.a. creimer,cdreimer) picture in our document because he is the hardest case we have ever had to handle:
      http://www.sccoe.org/depts/stu...

      Our artists were inspired by the low carb diet that Christopher follows scrupulously for the small lunch box and by the picture linked below for the rest. I am sure that you will notice the similarities such as the bump on the side of his chest and more:
      https://ibb.co/gVad65

      Please be easy on Christopher although, I am aware that some of our staff handling Chris post joke comments here and obvoiusly, the Santa Clara County Office of Education disapprove that behavior vehemently:
      https://school.discoveryeducat...

      But it isn't Chris' fault if he is the way he is. We do the best we can do with him and he is partially integrated into society. We try to cure his abnormal need for attention but he is kind of stubborn and won't listen to anybody.

      Thank You dear users,
      -Nancy Guerrero

    4. Re:Back in the 1950's... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Has anyone noticed that a creimer post is like a loud fart during a silence in a crowded restaurant? It immediately changes everyone's day for the worse, except creimer who sees nothing wrong.

    5. Re:Back in the 1950's... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Has anyone noticed that a creimer post is like a loud fart during a silence in a crowded restaurant? It immediately changes everyone's day for the worse, except creimer who sees nothing wrong.

      Has anyone noticed that this creimer fixation is stinking up Slashdot?

  4. BUTTHURT THAT I EXPOSED MODERATOR CENSORSHIP?... a by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1

    See subject. Far too many INTELLIGENT POSTS being modded down by ABUSIVE moderators. Rather than doing the RIGHT THING and SUPPORTING posts calling for bump stocks to be banned, the moderators are CENSORING them and SUPPORTING the Las Vegas shooter...

    * STOP the CENSORSHIP. Mod UP the posts calling for bump stocks to be banned...

    * STOP the CENSORSHIP of my posts about Ash-Fox. Take the time to INFORM yourself, then MOD THEM UP...

    * There is NO reason for bump stocks to be legal. They take already dangerous firearms & turn them into fully automatic KILLING MACHINES. The moderators are continuing to CENSOR any posts calling for bans of bump stocks & it's preventing reasonable discussion of gun control.

    * Help SPREAD THE WORD that I'm right by posting links to the many INFORMATIVE posts I've made about these issues.

    * A creepy person keeps following me around and impersonating me in replies. Obviously I've struck a nerve with a right wing NUTJOB by calling for gun control and banning bump stocks.

    * The idiot moderators buy into the FAKE NEWS and will censor anyone who points out that climate change is false. It's remarkable that the comments tend to be about 50/50 about whether climate change is real, but virtually all of the posts that don't believe climate change get censored to -1. It's clear evidence of CENSORSHIP by the moderators.

    * You seem very whiny and butthurt that I've exposed your censorship for all to see.

    (It is a PLEASURE to honor the victims of the shooting by demanding legislation to prevent similar mass shootings...)

    APK

    P.S.=> M2 is broken, as too many moderators keep getting mod points after censoring USEFUL posts like my HOSTS file engine and calls for banning bump stocks... apk

  5. air pollution != climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Troll

    Air pollution is not climate change. One of these is real and actually matters. Particulates in the air can be dangerous to health. Please don't try to spin unrelated and legitimate research to push your climate change fiction.

    1. Re: air pollution != climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1

      Troll

      If you don't believe in climate change then please post links to real science. Performed by real scientists to back your claims. Climate change is real. We are i the middle of it and we have passed the point of no return. Our children and their children will be some of the last born humans

    2. Re: air pollution != climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1

      Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence. Human activity causing the Earth to warm significantly is a pretty extraordinary claim. Thus it requires extraordinary evidence to support it, which has not yet been presented. The burden of proof on you to support your global warming claims. It is not my responsibility or anyone else's to rebut each and every ridiculous bit of pseudoscience and each fake news story that comes along. Present your proof of global warming, not doctored data and research studies that lack transparency. I'm waiting...

    3. Re:air pollution != climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Air pollution reflects heat back into space. Air is cleaner now than ever. Smog from the seventies is a thing of the past. With cleaner air we are seeing higher average temperatures. Temps would be higher now except for the pollution from China and India.

    4. Re: air pollution != climate change by Strider- · · Score: 5, Insightful

      It really isn't that extraordinary of a claim.

      We know the properties of Carbon Dioxide from reproducible lab experiments, in particular its interaction with infrared light, and at the concentrations found in the atmosphere.

      We know with reasonable precision the concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere for the past few thousand years, and that it has gone up dramatically in the past few hundred years.

      We have pretty good temperature measurements since the dawn of the industrial age, and good proxies that go back much further.

      We know, with reasonable precision, how much carbon dioxide we as humans emit into the atmosphere on an annual basis, based on analysis of fossil fuel consumption, industrial growth, and so forth.

      All of these numbers jive, and point to us as the root cause.

      The only extraordinary claim is that we as humans are not responsible, and that our very obvious release of CO2 has not caused the warming we have seen. Claiming that means either denying the rise in temperature, the known physical effects of CO2, or denying the known concentrations of CO2. That requires extraordinary evidence.

      --
      ...si hoc legere nimium eruditionis habes...
    5. Re: air pollution != climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I know, I mean, what if we clean the air and become energy independent for nothing!

    6. Re: air pollution != climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And here we have it gentlemen! A exemplary product of the finest Murican education.

    7. Re: air pollution != climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Ad hominem is all you global warming propagandists have. There sure isn't any actual science involved.

    8. Re: air pollution != climate change by Oceanplexian · · Score: 0

      You can have BOTH increased CO2 and increased global temperatures at the same time, and that doesn't prove the two are causal. But even the increased temperature theory is mostly speculation. "Good Proxies" of temperature measurements aren't good enough. You can't compare three decades of satellite data to millions of years of ice core data and pretend like they remotely mean the same thing.

    9. Re: air pollution != climate change by PoopJuggler · · Score: 4, Insightful

      So you're saying it's just coincidence that 100 years after we started pumping billions of tons of pollutants into the atmosphere every year we start seeing meteoric rises in global temperatures, the kind which match exactly the predictive models that simulate 100 years of pumping billions of tons of pollutants into the atmosphere... and that every single climatologist on the planet, the kind who are smart and went to college and know what they're talking about, are all wrong and you're right because, well, how could you possibly be wrong about anything?

    10. Re: air pollution != climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      There's decades of scientific data to back it up, by researchers around the globe in dozens of fields, cited and neatly summarised in each IPCC report - but you hand-wave away the lot, pretending it's all "doctored". If that isn't the very definition of science denial then I don't know what is.

    11. Re: air pollution != climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1

      every single climatologist on the planet, the kind who are smart and went to college and know what they're talking about, are all wrong

      No, silly. They're al BOUGHT and PAID for, and not a single one of them has the INTEGRITY to tell the truth. Just like all those NASA people who made moon landing HOAX. FOOLS like you who think massive CONSPIRACIES are impossible to keep AIRTIGHT for GENERATIONS know nothing about the POWER and INFLUENCE of the ILLUMINATI, and their CIA STOOGES with MIND CONTROL RAYS.

    12. Re: air pollution != climate change by Strider- · · Score: 3, Insightful

      You're absolutely correct to say that correlation does not imply a causality. However, in this case, we do know the causal mechanism.

      CO2 (and similar gasses) absorb infrared radiation at various wavelengths, and that absorbed energy translates into increased molecular motion, aka heat. This is a property that can be demonstrated experimentally in the lab, with completely reproducible results.

      Those ice cores you dismiss? They're excellent time capsules of atmospheric gas composition. As the snow falls, and the cores build up, it traps small amounts of atmospheric gasses in the ice. You extract these tiny bits of gas, run them through a GCMS, and measure the concentrations of the various components. Typically these ice cores come from places that aren't subject to significant local human population (Antarctica, Greenland). They're also stratified, just like tree rings, so the date of the gas samples can be determined with a high degree of confidence.

      These two things are undeniable facts. They are reproducible, and traceable.

      So the real question is, if you're going to claim what you do, how has the increase in CO2 not caused an increase in temperature? What mechanism would prevent that?

      --
      ...si hoc legere nimium eruditionis habes...
    13. Re: air pollution != climate change by SlaveToTheGrind · · Score: 0

      we start seeing meteoric rises in global temperatures, the kind which match exactly the predictive models that simulate 100 years of pumping billions of tons of pollutants into the atmosphere

      Absolutely correct for sufficiently loose definitions of "exactly."

      Back in the real world, the models don't even accurately reflect the actual historic temperature record we have . Even the apologists don't seem to deny this. See, e.g., the error bars in the first chart after the heading "Comparing models and observations" here, which shows the models don't even purport to track actual historic performance by much better than 1 degree C.

      Seriously, when you can't even build a model that can correctly spit back out the past data already available to the modeler, it seems a bit much to crow about its precision.

      I'll leave the parallel analysis of "every single climatologist on the planet" as an exercise for the reader.

    14. Re: air pollution != climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You mean like how all the nurses and doctors, the kind who are smart and went to college and know what they're talking about, who've been telling us "fat is bad, carbs are good" for the past several decades here in the US?

      Can you not see a parallel here?

      Don't fall for the same traps. Make sure they can prove working results, real working results, before throwing entire economies under a bus.

    15. Re: air pollution != climate change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      the kind which match exactly the predictive models that simulate 100 years of pumping billions of tons of pollutants into the atmosphere

      This actually is not true.

      With science it is important to be precise and honest about these things, even if the general outcome of global warming based on CO2 emissions is the same.

      There are dozens of reasonable models and all of them are continually proven wrong, adjusted, then proven wrong again. So goes the march of scientific progress. Even the most famous climate models and graphs have been proven wrong. There is no predictive model that can do what you claim and there will likely not be one for many more decades of study and refinement.

    16. Re: air pollution != climate change by Gr8Apes · · Score: 1

      Oh be honest. The models aren't "wrong" in the sense that they predicted a rise and there was a fall, they're only "wrong" in that they didn't account for this detail or that detail resulting in an error of 1% or less at this point, but the general trend is spot on and all of them agree. The only real questionable variable is how fast the rise will be and can we slow and stop it before it gets to a point that we have irreversible problems based on other theories, i.e., when the icecaps melt, it will cool the oceans temporarily, will that prevent the methane ice in the deep oceans from sublimating and releasing billions of tons of methane into the atmosphere or will that happen first and we're screwed? I'd rather we err on the side of "let's make sure that stays in the theoretical area and not test it"

      --
      The cesspool just got a check and balance.
  6. See, it's a hoax/ by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1, Offtopic

    The measurable filth on those birds is nothing but a hoax. And even if it's true: how do we know exactly how they got that crap on them. For all we know, they frequent bars that allow smoking. Or maybe they drive diesel trucks.

    See? Use some critical thinking here!

    Human caused Global Warming is just a Liberal hoax because Liberals like to tax! Everyday, Liberals sit around and think, "How can we tax business and people more? It's so much fun and desirable to pay taxes; let's spread the joy!!"

    And some other conservative Liberals says, "No no no. It's about helping people who made poor life decisions. You know, the ones who chose to be born without the abilities to do high paying STEM work. The ones who chose to be born into poor families and into poverty. You know, people with poor characters. What were they thinking when they chose their parents?!"

    "Well, they should have chosen not to be born, numb-nutz!"

    "My bad! You're right! These stupid fuckers brought it on themselves!!"

    1. Re: See, it's a hoax/ by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1

      Air pollution is unrelated to global warming. Air pollution is real and is dangerous both to wildlife and human health. Stop hijacking legitimate research to promote your global warming propaganda.

    2. Re: See, it's a hoax/ by budsetr · · Score: 1

      I'm trying to figure out which one of you is Russian.

    3. Re:See, it's a hoax/ by bobbied · · Score: 2

      The measurable filth on those birds is nothing but a hoax. And even if it's true: how do we know exactly how they got that crap on them. For all we know, they frequent bars that allow smoking. Or maybe they drive diesel trucks.

      My guess is that they frequented tall smoke stacks and chimneys as elevated safe perches.... Remember this was before the current crop of telephone poles and wires sprang up. It was trees or a building for the most part.

      --
      "File to fit, pound to insert, paint to match" - Aircraft Maintenance 101
    4. Re:See, it's a hoax/ by iggymanz · · Score: 1

      uh, you're claiming in 1917 there weren't telephone poles and power lines.....?????

    5. Re: See, it's a hoax/ by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm trying to figure out which is a shill for Microsoft

    6. Re:See, it's a hoax/ by bobbied · · Score: 1

      Not as many as there are now. Rural electrification didn't take place in earnest until after 1936 and that didn't subsidize phone until the mid 40's....

      --
      "File to fit, pound to insert, paint to match" - Aircraft Maintenance 101
    7. Re:See, it's a hoax/ by iggymanz · · Score: 1

      most the birds might have been captures near cities / suburbs. I have family pics of the time, can tell you chicago area had a buttload of electrification. heck, the first electric train line was in 1880s.

    8. Re: See, it's a hoax/ by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The fanboi on the other hand, is easy to spot.

    9. Re:See, it's a hoax/ by Oceanplexian · · Score: -1

      Liberals don't sit around and think about how to tax people (well some do). They sit around backward rationalizing their belief in a perverted socioeconomic order (common ownership of the means of production), and then come up with "science" to justify their position. One of those backward rationalizations is global warming.

      Global Warming is not a hoax, but it's a great example of science that's been hijacked by politics. It's also a great reminder that just as it was the case in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, scientists in the 20th and 21st, and the public at large can be equally ignorant. History repeats itself. Coming up with conclusions, and then trying to find data to fit your conclusion is NOT science and does NOT follow the scientific method.

    10. Re: See, it's a hoax/ by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Both.

    11. Re:See, it's a hoax/ by ChrisMaple · · Score: 1

      In 1920, just 35 percent of American households had electricity. https://paleofuture.gizmodo.com/how-the-1920s-thought-electricity-would-transform-farms-510917940

      --
      Contribute to civilization: ari.aynrand.org/donate
    12. Re:See, it's a hoax/ by bobbied · · Score: 1

      Good point.. Where did the birds come from? Did they study that part too?

      --
      "File to fit, pound to insert, paint to match" - Aircraft Maintenance 101
    13. Re:See, it's a hoax/ by Sique · · Score: 2

      Coming up with conclusions, and then trying to find data to fit your conclusion is NOT science and does NOT follow the scientific method.

      To the contrary, that's exactly how the Scientific Method works. I have a proto-theory, and then I draw some conclusions from it. Then I invent an experiment to check the conclusions (e.g. I try to falsify them). If the conclusions hold, I have a very promising proto-theory. I draw some more conclusions from the theory and invent more experiments. If they still hold, I call it a theory.

      The experiments themselves could be performed in a controlled environment, which makes interpretation of the measurement data easy. Sometimes, it's not possible or easy to control the environment, then I have to collect and interpret the data much more carefully. Sometimes, I can't even create an environment for my experiment at all, I just have to collect the data from whatever natural events happen. In the case of the gravitational waves (which were just conclusions from Albert Einstein's theory of General Relativity), at first, we just had some data that could be interpreted as being results from gravitational waves (the two neutron stars PSR 1913+16 circling each other closer and closer and thus losing energy), and then we invented an apparatus to actually measure gravitational waves coming through (the LIGO), getting much better data, which fits the theory.

      --
      .sig: Sique *sigh*
    14. Re:See, it's a hoax/ by iggymanz · · Score: 1

      "just"? that's a lot. the big cities and suburbs had it, lots of it. and the phone lines went coast to coast

  7. So, back on topic by fyngyrz · · Score: 1

    I wonder if they corrected for where the birds were collected. Population density was far lower then, and perhaps the soot was heavier, but also more local.

    Intuitively speaking, I have trouble with the idea that the air all over the USA a century ago was more polluted than what I experienced in and around the 1970's, when the very rain was killing vegetation, the Delaware and other rivers ran with suds and rainbow slicks, and large areas of New Jersey were swamps of outright pollution.

    The air was worse back then? Locally, sure. Like what happened to London England. But everything? Seems dubious. Very.

    --
    I've fallen off your lawn, and I can't get up.
    1. Re:So, back on topic by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      People today mainly use electricity or natural gas for heating and cooking. 100 years ago they used coal or wood. Both are quite a bit more smoky.

    2. Re:So, back on topic by slack_justyb · · Score: 3, Informative

      The air was worse back then?

      It was worse back then, but it depends on how you define worse. The air had way more soot back then because humanity was very inefficient at burning fuels back then. When we got better at burning it, we released a lot more sulphur which in turned cause more acid rain. We've gotten better at the sulphur part, which in turn means our more pressing issue now is the CO2 content.

      So quick recap. Soot is worse because it is a massive irritant. Sulphur is worse because it turns rain into acid. CO2 is worse because it's warming the planet. We're finding all kinds of fun new things out about burning fossil fuels.

    3. Re:So, back on topic by Impy+the+Impiuos+Imp · · Score: 2

      And the horse shit dust, too. People don't realize how much cleaner the air is now.

      --
      (-1: Post disagrees with my already-settled worldview) is not a valid mod option.
    4. Re: So, back on topic by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      As an interesting aside, I read that particulate pollution tends to counter the
      effects of greenhouse gases. If this is true, we should be looking to reduce greenhouse gas pollution before tackling particulate pollution, for obvious reasons.

    5. Re:So, back on topic by Shotgun · · Score: 1

      Intuitively speaking, I have trouble with the idea that the air all over the USA a century ago was more polluted than what I experienced in and around the 1970's

      A reporter takes a picture of main street on New Year's Eve, 1901. What you see is a row of houses with smoking chimneys, and this was AFTER Benjamin Franklin's wood stove reduced the amount of fuel needed by 90%(?, or some ridiculously high number like that).

      Fast forward 50 years. Most of those fireplaces are replaced by oil (kerosene) burners. Still dirty, but not even comparable to the fireplaces. No one has to hire a chimney sweep to clean the exhaust tube of an oil heater.

      Another 50 years, and most of the heating is done with either natural gas or heat pumps.

      Your intuition fails, because your imagination doesn't wrap around what its like to have thousands upon thousands of fireplace burning day in and day out.

      --
      Aah, change is good. -- Rafiki
      Yeah, but it ain't easy. -- Simba
  8. Obligatory by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    What is the airspeed velocity of a soot-laden songbird?!

    1. Re:Obligatory by bobbied · · Score: 2

      African or European?

      --
      "File to fit, pound to insert, paint to match" - Aircraft Maintenance 101
    2. Re:Obligatory by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Huh? I... I don't know that.

      (Violently thrown from bridge to certain death)

    3. Re:Obligatory by TeknoHog · · Score: 1

      Would that be regular soot or "clean coal" soot?

      --
      Escher was the first MC and Giger invented the HR department.
    4. Re:Obligatory by houghi · · Score: 1

      According to Trump : Chinese.

      --
      Don't fight for your country, if your country does not fight for you.
  9. Night of smoking at the museum? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    How was the effect of smoking being allowed and banned at the museum accounted for?
    How was oil or candle lamps being used at the museum accounted for?

    1. Re:Night of smoking at the museum? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Most samples aren't out on the exhibit floor, they're packed away. I see what you mean though. The composition of the soot could pretty easily be determined and distinguished from lamp, cigarette and other soot. I do wonder if they've done this. Sending a few samples for spectrum analysis would be prudent.

  10. Now We Know Why... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They were Angry Birds. Watch out pigs!

  11. Sorry. you're completely wrong. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Air pollution is unrelated to global warming.

    Ah no. You are horribly misinformed. The same things that cause air pollution also cause global warming.

    Burning fossil fuels for example. It's a 1.0 correlation.

    Stop hijacking legitimate research to promote your global warming propaganda.

    Seriously?

    1. Re:Sorry. you're completely wrong. by dgatwood · · Score: 2

      Air pollution is unrelated to global warming.

      Ah no. You are horribly misinformed. The same things that cause air pollution also cause global warming.

      Burning fossil fuels for example. It's a 1.0 correlation.

      Unless you crudely lump all fossil fuels together (which doesn't really match the way these things are used), there's actually no correlation at all between the emissions that cause what we consider air pollution (ground-hugging particulates) and the emissions that cause global warming (CO2, H2O):

      • Burning coal causes acid rain because of its high sulfur content and high NOx emissions; natural gas contains no sulfur except for the odorant, nor does gasoline, so they produce dramatically less acid rain (particularly when combined with a modern, low-NOx gasoline engine).
      • Soot and other ground-clinging pollution is dramatically worse with certain types of fuels (e.g. diesel) and almost nonexistent in others (such as gasoline combustion in cars).

      So if you produce 100% of your power via coal and switch to producing 100% of your power via natural gas, you've cut your sulfur emissions to zero while still producing the same amount of global warming. If you switch from diesel to gasoline, you've cut your air pollution dramatically, but you have probably made global warming worse.

      --

      Check out my sci-fi/humor trilogy at PatriotsBooks.

    2. Re:Sorry. you're completely wrong. by AaronW · · Score: 4, Informative

      Actually switching from coal to natural gas cuts the CO2 emissions in half due to the higher hydrogen to carbon ratio of methane compared to coal. So not only is it cleaner due to no soot, carbon emissions are also cut. So in this sense converting to natural gas can significantly reduce warming. Also, consider that many coal plants are old and not as efficient as new plants.

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      This post is encrypted twice with ROT-13. Documenting or attempting to crack this encryption is illegal.
    3. Re:Sorry. you're completely wrong. by dgatwood · · Score: 1

      Actually switching from coal to natural gas cuts the CO2 emissions in half due to the higher hydrogen to carbon ratio of methane compared to coal. So not only is it cleaner due to no soot, carbon emissions are also cut.

      Fair enough. And in truth, you can have decent levels of sulfur in gasoline and diesel, too, though it's a lot easier to filter it out of gasoline, which is why the EPA requires refineries to keep the levels low (and the limits got even lower in January of this year). Liquids and gases have lots of advantages over solid hydrocarbons. :-)

      Either way, the point remains that different fossil fuels have very different emissions profiles, with some emitting more CO2 per unit energy and others emitting more smog-producing particulates that contribute to a reduction of air quality.

      --

      Check out my sci-fi/humor trilogy at PatriotsBooks.

  12. Less reflected light means more carbon in air? by 140Mandak262Jamuna · · Score: 1

    Gee, they took stuffed birds that were collecting dust in dark closets for 100 years. And they reflected less light. Is it a surprise? How do they correlate it to soot?

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    sed -e 's/Chuck Norris/Rajnikant/g' joke > fact
    1. Re: Less reflected light means more carbon in air? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Things stored in closets don't collect dust. That's one of the reasons things are stored in closets.

  13. Sooty and Sweep by trevc · · Score: 3, Funny

    Neither was a bird.

  14. I think I've heard of this. by fahrbot-bot · · Score: 2

    "Sooty Birds" is a failed version of "Angry Birds" targeted at smokers. It's now being re-branded for millennials as "Vaping Birds".

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    It must have been something you assimilated. . . .
  15. Re:BUTTHURT THAT I EXPOSED MODERATOR CENSORSHIP?.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: -1

    most of the Bump Stock posts are getting modded down because it's OFF TOPIC.

  16. And now, thanks to the Trump administration, by fredrated · · Score: 1

    we will have the return of soot. Excellent!

  17. Do it on muesem birds in china by WindBourne · · Score: 1

    I'll bet that they come back far worse than what is expected.

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    I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
  18. Impersonating me? Weak... apk by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    See subject: Whoever the fool is attempting to "impersonate me" only proves that I've REALLY 'gotten to them' somehow (thanks).

    As far as "AssFux" Ash-Fox? That whimp's a weasel who ALWAYS starts w/ me (he's 'butthurt' I've busted him up on tech issues is all that is).

    * I am with you on something though - there is a TON of bogus downmoderation but as the saying goes? "When all your opposition has is censorship you've obviously won"

    &

    I am highly against the LOON(s) who shot all those folks up in Vegas - I think it's somekind of falseflag OR an attempt @ further dividing our nation up ala the KING of bogus evil in that capacity, George Soros paying off groups like BLM & Antifa to do so - but GUNS DON'T KILL PEOPLE - people do. NO reason to ban guns!

    APK

    P.S.=> Provoking weasel reactions like yours is all the satisfaction anyone needs seeing as you try to "impersonate" me loser... apk

  19. Fake News... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Fake News!!!

  20. Sure.... by PontifexMaximus · · Score: -1

    Because a thousand birds gives a statistically viable sample size. Yeah, okay. Wow, does any researcher know the scientific method nowadays? This is just sad. Can't find enough actual data on global warming so they are using ONE THOUSAND birds as evidence.

    Great work, Sparky.

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    Pax Vobiscum