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Scientists Calculate the Speed of Death In Cells And It's 30 Micrometers Per Minute (livescience.com)

An anonymous reader quotes a report from Live Science: Scientists found that death travels in unremitting waves through a cell, moving at a rate of 30 micrometers (one-thousandth of an inch) every minute, they report in a new study published Aug. 10 in the journal Science. That means, for instance, that a nerve cell, whose body can reach a size of 100 micrometers, could take as long as 3 minutes and 20 seconds to die. Apoptosis -- or programmed cell death -- is necessary for clearing our bodies of unnecessary or harmful cells, such as those that are infected by viruses. It also helps shape organs and other features in a developing fetus.

To figure this out, Ferrell and his team observed the process in one of the larger cells present in nature: egg cells of Xenopus laevis, or African clawed frogs. They filled test tubes with fluid from the eggs and triggered apoptosis, which they watched unfold by tagging involved proteins with fluorescent light. If they saw fluorescent light, it meant apoptosis was taking place. They found that the fluorescent light traveled through the test tubes at a constant speed. If apoptosis had carried on due to simple diffusion (the spreading of substances from an area of high concentration to one of low concentration), the process would have slowed down toward the end, according to the study. Since it didn't, the researchers concluded that the process they observed must be "trigger waves," which they likened to "the spread of a fire through a field." The caspases that are first activated, activate other molecules of caspases, which activate yet others, until the entire cell is destroyed.

32 comments

  1. Metal Band Name by Drishmung · · Score: 0

    How long before some band claims "30 micrometers per minute" as their name?

    --
    Protoplasm. Quiet Protoplasm. I like quiet protoplasm.
    1. Re:Metal Band Name by phantomfive · · Score: 2

      I was going to say "Apoptosis." Like, "Apoptosis and the Happy Eggs." It's Death Meta.

      --
      "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
    2. Re:Metal Band Name by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Playing their hit single "The Spread of a Fire Through a Field" off their debut album "30 Micrometers per Minute", it's "Apoptosis and the Fluorescent Frog Eggs"!

    3. Re:Metal Band Name by igny · · Score: 4, Funny

      Or 2/666 furlongs per fortnight. Coincidence? I think not!

      --
      In theory there is no difference between theory and practice. In practice there is. - Yogi Berra
    4. Re:Metal Band Name by rtb61 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Setting the jokes aside, the lessons being learned here, will teach why cell apoptosis fails in cancer cells. So what needs to be triggered in a cancer cell, that by normal function should die, to cause it to actually recognise that it should die and hence die and cancer problem solved.

      --
      Chaos - everything, everywhere, everywhen
    5. Re:Metal Band Name by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      With a Grim Reaper surfing on the wave of death as the logo.

    6. Re: Metal Band Name by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The 'speed of death' sounds very metal.

      \m/

    7. Re:Metal Band Name by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Programmed cell death" is a better name. . .

    8. Re:Metal Band Name by Gilgaron · · Score: 2, Interesting

      In cancer these pathways are generally broken. They are also broken in some non-cancerous tumors, but if they aren't growing out of control in addition to refusing to die they don't cause many issues. One of the first things a virus will try to do will be to prevent the cells from killing themselves, which is why viral infection is associated with some cancers. You probably can't fix these cells post hoc, although inducing better T cell response to cancers is promising.

    9. Re:Metal Band Name by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How long before some band claims "30 micrometers per minute" as their name?

      How long before some band claims "Scientists Calculate the Speed of Death In Cells And It's 30 Micrometers Per Minute" as their name aka "the Speed of Death"?

  2. I just can't relate to micrometres per minute by caviare · · Score: 1

    So I just thought I'd let you know that speed is close to 0.003 furlongs per fortnight. I'm sure we'll all understand much better now.

    1. Re:I just can't relate to micrometres per minute by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Fucking caveman, get with the times. Metric rules the world!

    2. Re:I just can't relate to micrometres per minute by Black+Parrot · · Score: 1

      Please, can't we standardize on lightyears per dog year?

      --
      Sheesh, evil *and* a jerk. -- Jade
    3. Re:I just can't relate to micrometres per minute by Drishmung · · Score: 1

      0.826003824 cubits per decan

      --
      Protoplasm. Quiet Protoplasm. I like quiet protoplasm.
    4. Re:I just can't relate to micrometres per minute by PolygamousRanchKid+ · · Score: 4, Funny

      I'm sure we'll all understand much better now.

      I think someone needs to postulate a new set of laws of physics, based on the Speed of Death ("d") as the universal constant instead of the Speed of Light ("c").

      It would definitely be worthy of an Ig Nobel honorable mention.

      Future SAT question:

      "Death travels at 30 micrometers per minute. How dead are Nine Inch Nails in Schrödinger's Cat units?
      a) Not quite dead yet.
      b) All of the above.
      c) None of the above.
      d) On legal advice, I respectfully refuse to answer the question based on my Fifth Amendment Rights.

      --
      Schroedinger's Brexit: The UK is both in and out of the EU at the same time!
  3. Speed of Putin's death when assassinated by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Putin sold his soul to Satan so his death will restore world peace and equality.

    1. Re:Speed of Putin's death when assassinated by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      and Trump sold his soul to Putin.

  4. Walking is a life saver by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Now we can calculate how long you can sit before death catches up with you.

  5. "Speed of Death" is the name by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I gave to my new autopilot electric motorcycle from Tesla.

  6. So slow by TuringTest · · Score: 1

    So slow, yet it catches everyone.

    --
    Singularity: a belief in the "God" idea with the "demiurge" relation inverted.
    1. Re:So slow by Gilgaron · · Score: 1

      This is for apoptosis, it generally won't be what finishes you off, like necrosis and so on would.

  7. BeauHD apparently failed 5th grade math by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Since when is a "micrometer" 1/1000th of an inch?

    Micro = 1/1000,000th
    Meter != inch

    ?

    1. Re: BeauHD apparently failed 5th grade math by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, true for all Tesla shills here.

    2. Re:BeauHD apparently failed 5th grade math by tonique · · Score: 1

      30 m is approximately 0.0012 inches, so one thousandth of an inch isn't far off.

    3. Re:BeauHD apparently failed 5th grade math by tonique · · Score: 1

      That should be 30 micrometres.

    4. Re: BeauHD apparently failed 5th grade math by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      no, it says (30 micrometers) is roughly ( 1/1000th of an inch)
      1 micrometer is roughly 0.039 of a 1/1000th of an inch.
      so
      30 micrometers is about 1.18 thousandths of an inch.

  8. Random Correction by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    30 microns/minute is 0.5 micron/second which is 0.0000127 m/s. In other words, it's about 12.7 microns per second.

  9. PSHAW! by Thud457 · · Score: 2

    "30 micrometers per minute" I can run faster than that. I'm gonna live forever!

    --

    the preceding comment is my own and in no way reflects the opinion of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

  10. Freaky subject by omfglearntoplay · · Score: 1

    It caught my attention... freaky and interesting. Death spreads like fire.

  11. I read "egg cells of Xenopus laevis" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    as "eggs of Xenomorphs"