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The Breach That Killed Google+ Wasn't a Breach At All (theverge.com)

An anonymous reader quotes a report from The Verge: For months, Google has been trying to stay out of the way of the growing tech backlash, but yesterday, the dam finally broke with news of a bug in the rarely used Google+ network that exposed private information for as many as 500,000 users. Google found and fixed the bug back in March, around the same time the Cambridge Analytica story was heating up in earnest. [...] The vulnerability itself seems to have been relatively small in scope. The heart of the problem was a specific developer API that could be used to see non-public information. But crucially, there's no evidence that it actually was used to see private data, and given the thin user base, it's not clear how much non-public data there really was to see. The API was theoretically accessible to anyone who asked, but only 432 people actually applied for access (again, it's Google+), so it's plausible that none of them ever thought of using it this way.

The bigger problem for Google isn't the crime, but the cover-up. The vulnerability was fixed in March, but Google didn't come clean until seven months later when The Wall Street Journal got hold of some of the memos discussing the bug. [...] Part of the disconnect comes from the fact that, legally, Google is in the clear. There are lots of laws about reporting breaches -- primarily the GDPR but also a string of state-level bills -- but by that standard, what happened to Google+ wasn't technically a breach. Those laws are concerned with unauthorized access to user information, codifying the basic idea that if someone steals your credit card or phone number, you have a right to know about it. But Google just found that data was available to developers, not that any data was actually taken. With no clear data stolen, Google had no legal reporting requirements. As far as the lawyers were concerned, it wasn't a breach, and quietly fixing the problem was good enough.

75 comments

  1. shocked by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    The true shock is that their was as many as 500k users of google+, I guess even a flea infested mangy dog attracts some people.

    1. Re:shocked by Darinbob · · Score: 1

      It may be small and flea ridden, but at least it's not Facebook.

    2. Re:shocked by Riceballsan · · Score: 1

      well google themselves admit they aren't active users, most are people who signed up when it was required to get to youtube or things. That being said from what I've seen G+ interface and use wise I always found better than facebook... Though I value my privacy and don't give a crap about what my "friends" would say publicly to a full audience, so I don't really comprehend the appeal of either.

    3. Re:shocked by Anonymous+Bullard · · Score: 1

      The Circles concept is sound even if the average user didn't quite grasp the implementation.

      There should really be a universally interoperational social networking platform standard that isn't controlled by any single corporation or country. Diaspora has many good ideas, but unfortunately lacks resources.

      --

      Should invading one's peaceful neighbours be opposed, or rewarded with trade deals?

    4. Re:shocked by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Flea infested, mangy dogs clean up nicely and are usually grateful to their rescuers..

      Google is aggressive and nasty, and their problems are not fixable.

  2. Really? by ckatko · · Score: 2

    The company that thinks it's okay to censor US citizens, and now Chinese citizens, build weapons for the US government, track every citizen on the planet, also has no problem covering up leaks of... tracking every citizen on the planet?

    Tim "Don't-be-Evil is was the stupidest rule ever." Cook

    Color me surprised.

    1. Re:Really? by postbigbang · · Score: 1

      I'd give you mod points if I had them.

      Clearly, do no evil also includes telling everyone much later if the really screw things up. I'm not sure they have a method of knowing if there was data exfiltration, so it's just another day for the Alphabet soup.

      Nice of them to give notice. Also nice of them to have fixed it first, before cashiering it with no rational replacement, just a failed experiment in giving Facebook heartburn. Blah.

      --
      ---- Teach Peace. It's Cheaper Than War.
    2. Re: Really? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This is the same company that publishes zero day exploit PoCs against their competitors for what they would describe as this same kind of vulnerability deception.

    3. Re:Really? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm not sure they have a method of knowing if there was data exfiltration,...

      Yeah. Maybe Google didn't record something that you do online.

  3. This is some mighty fine concern trolling by rsilvergun · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I like how they try to tie it to the Cambridge Analytics scandal to get a rise out of the community. Yes, Google is not required to report every bug they fix when no breach occurred. There's nothing wrong with that. As for for shutting down Google+, it was as good a time as any. If they're going to start having to worry about bad press over a dead product they're going to finish killing it.

    This reads like a hit piece on google. I can't imagine why.

    --
    Hi! I make Firefox Plug-ins. Check 'em out @ https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/youtube-mp3-podcaster/
    1. Re:This is some mighty fine concern trolling by mattyj · · Score: 2

      Er, the climate against tech industry at the time of the Cambridge is where the comparison comes in. In other words, Google probably has other skeletons in their closet they didn't want the feds sniffin' around to find. If you had basic English reading comprehension skills you could figure that out. Nobody was comparing one incident to the other, it was Google itself, in the memos, that specifically cited Cambridge as a factor in them not disclosing this bug.

    2. Re:This is some mighty fine concern trolling by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Google is on "my" side so they can do no wrong."

      Same reason the whole Cambridge thing was such a media circus: something something Trump.

    3. Re:This is some mighty fine concern trolling by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Does Microsoft publicly announce every remote exploit bug they fix in their servers? Does Facebook? Does the Linux kernel? Why should Google?

      You're right though, the whole Cambridge thing was a media circus. Just like every fucking thing that ties a politician to a possibly illegal campaign activity--conspiracy to violate the CFAA may apply. Since it was clear from day one that no one high in the campaign and likely few to none low in the campaign would be held accountable in any legal way, regardless of how illegal the activity was, the only thing left was the media to write as many papers as possible to try to shame people for supporting these scumbag assholes. But as you say...

      " is on "my" side so they can do no wrong." The moderates, like me, know to throw blame around appropriately. Assholes like you clearly don't care to point out actual faults. You're beyond shame, and that's just sad.

    4. Re:This is some mighty fine concern trolling by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No evidence against Google and you claim it's a hit piece.

      No evidence against Kavanaugh and you refuse to believe it's a hit piece.

      Rsilver is nothing if not a consistent troll.

    5. Re:This is some mighty fine concern trolling by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Sure, but at a certain point google's social license will get revoked as they are doing more harm than good.

      Being the enabling technology for totalitarian states for instance.

    6. Re: This is some mighty fine concern trolling by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Microsoft does in fact publish reports if critical customer data leak risk is possible with their cloud services. At least they do for enterprise products.

    7. Re: This is some mighty fine concern trolling by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Microsoft does in fact publish reports if critical customer data leak risk is possible with their cloud services. At least they do for enterprise products.

      How long between Microsoft learning about Meltdown and reporting that to its customers? How long between Microsoft learning about the Hyperthread data leak and reporting that to its customers? And even in your own statement, you very narrowly spell out data leak risk disclosures apply (at least) for cloud services, at least for enterprise products. So, how much wiggle room does that grant them? Enough to drive a truck through, basically.

      Don't get me wrong: I'd love for companies to be more open and transparent when it comes to even the risk of a data leak. It's just that with the flood of *actual* data leaks and no real consequences, it's a lot harder to care about *possible* data leaks. Sure, it's yet another reason to point out the generally hypocritical hyperbole that Google employees espouse when they're point out Microsoft bugs, but efforts to conflate it to actual, wide-spread abuse is basically just political bullshit and Google knows it.The whole media circus around Cambridge Analytica made it plainly clear based upon peoples general response.

      I mean, look at the response right *now* and how absurd it is when Facebook had a similar sort of bug but of a much larger scale (thanks to a much more dominant position). There's a lot more reason to believe that bug was exploited with a much larger user base as the people able to exploit it was basically everyone (IIRC) and not a paltry 0.1% of the users. The perspective of people to joke "good thing I don't use Google+" or similar just sounds so... I can't even begin to describe the feeling.

    8. Re:This is some mighty fine concern trolling by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What a stupid video. Stopped watching after about 3 seconds. The title, Photoshop and shit music gave me all I needed to know about its author. The rest of your comment seems fine though.

    9. Re:This is some mighty fine concern trolling by terrycarlino · · Score: 1

      Anybody with any sense at all doesn't want the Feds nosing around their business. It's not an accident that the system is set up so that you commit at least 3 felonies a day.

    10. Re: This is some mighty fine concern trolling by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Lol wut?

    11. Re:This is some mighty fine concern trolling by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Where have you been? Polygraph tests are little more than "stressor" tells. Like, if you found the lawyer talking to you very attractive, that could up your heart rate, or if suddenly the lawyer reminds you of an unrelated person who figured large in a traumatic event in the middle of a trial, that would show too.

      The difficulty is in differentiating these different internal versus external cues. That's why polygraph is useless, especially for high-stakes situations where most people at least can hide their stress, but their heart rate and sweating will still be higher than at "perfect calm". It's meant to put the screws to you to show you're "not stressed" as "proof" of honesty, nothing more. It's also proven that a person can learn to slow their heart rate through diligent training, which means the polygraph *can* be "beaten".

    12. Re:This is some mighty fine concern trolling by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Troll" presupposes that he takes positions he knows not to be true in order to get a rise out of people

      Rsilvergun doesn't do that. He really is a stupid as he appears.

  4. Not a bug by 93+Escort+Wagon · · Score: 1

    Just Google offering access to the information it collects from its users to its actual customers. Yeah, that makes it all better.

    Let’s remember this the next time Project Zero broadcasts the shortcomings of some other companies’ products.

    --
    #DeleteChrome
  5. Bull by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    In the clear? You can bet your fucking ass that if this was Microsoft or Facebook, Google would have jumped up and down reporting it.

    1. Re: Bull by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Amen brother. If this was Microsoft, they would have put sample exploit code on their blog.

  6. Inept Google by mattyj · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Lost in all this discussion is the ineptitude of Google's engineers, security auditors, API designers, testers and who knows who else that would let something like this slip through unnoticed for so long. I no longer question Googel's ethics (they're bad) but more and more I'm questioning what kind of tech sweatshop they're running.

    And what else is lurking out there that will (un?)intentionally give those of us pause that have already absolved ourselves of everything G.

    1. Re: Inept Google by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Read it while it is still here, a Yegge-length rant by Steve Yegge (reposted with permission) about the ineptitude of Googles API design from an insiders view.

      Hosted on Google+ of all things!

      https://plus.google.com/+RipRowan/posts/eVeouesvaVX

    2. Re:Inept Google by phantomfive · · Score: 2

      Google has a lot of good programmers, but lately they've hired a lot of bad programmers, too. There are entire books written about how to pass the job interview at Google, and so the interview process has become less and less accurate at determining skill level.

      --
      "First they came for the slanderers and i said nothing."
    3. Re:Inept Google by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Hey, at least the programmers are diverse tho! Diversity is strength doncha know!

    4. Re:Inept Google by Njovich · · Score: 1

      Bugs that arise out of the interaction between services are notoriously hard to find. It's easy to call Google security inept, but realistically they have some of the best in business.

    5. Re: Inept Google by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      B-b-but diversity!

    6. Re:Inept Google by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      A good security framework doesn't allow access to data except with proper credentials. In this case A had private data and granted access to B. Due to poor design, B was able to give access to C for A's private data. That shouldn't be possible.

    7. Re:Inept Google by Dan667 · · Score: 1

      of all the things you go after Google's ethics? Compared to facebook, microsoft, or amazon among others their saints.

    8. Re:Inept Google by iMadeGhostzilla · · Score: 1

      Too few people were using G+ for anyone to notice the bug. I think they are just using it as an excuse to kill off G+, so they can focus more on Social Justice.

  7. anachronistyic? by spaceman375 · · Score: 0

    Ha! Proof of time travel: Here I am on the east coast of the US at 6:56pm, and this story was posted at 7:40pm. Unless BeauHD is on a ship in the Atlantic, I call shenanigans!
    (Ireland isn't close enuf for only 5 posts since then...)

    --
    On the one hand you take life too seriously, and on the other, you do not take playful existence seriously enough. Seth
  8. Check the server logs by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Google keeps server logs, so they have the ability to find out who accessed this data.

    1. Re:Check the server logs by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That depends on what was logged.

  9. Google has a history of killing products by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They kill products off with no consideration for it's users. They just lose interest.

    Not a way to engender trust.

    1. Re: Google has a history of killing products by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      On the bright side that means theyâ(TM)ll kill Dragonfly in about 23 months.

    2. Re:Google has a history of killing products by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That's why you should switch to PyTorch before Tensorflow gets dropped when the next fad comes along.

  10. Jews lying? Why, I never... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Jews lying? Why, I never...

  11. Lawyers have a strange way of thought... by Cochonou · · Score: 4, Insightful

    But crucially, there's no evidence that it actually was used to see private data, and given the thin user base, it's not clear how much non-public data there really was to see. The API was theoretically accessible to anyone who asked, but only 432 people actually applied for access (again, it's Google+), so it's plausible that none of them ever thought of using it this way.
    As far as the lawyers were concerned, it wasn't a breach, and quietly fixing the problem was good enough.


    In this particular case, it seems they would need to provide evidence that no data was accessed, rather than saying that they see no evidence that data was accessed.

    1. Re:Lawyers have a strange way of thought... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      In this particular case, it seems they would need to provide evidence that no data was accessed

      lolwut?

    2. Re:Lawyers have a strange way of thought... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This ^^. Google didn't keep detailed logs on API access, so don't know either way if data was taken via the bug. If this is acceptable as a defense to disclosure requirements, then all companies should disable logging immediately.

      Not saying this proves data was taken, but claiming the opposite due to lack of evidence is laughable. If they HAD logs showing no improper access, that would be different.

      "Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence"

    3. Re:Lawyers have a strange way of thought... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You can't prove a negative

    4. Re:Lawyers have a strange way of thought... by Njovich · · Score: 1

      Do you have any sensitive data on your email or laptop? How about you prove that it wasn't accessed in the years specter and meltdown were not fixed, and until you do we just run a trial by media.

    5. Re:Lawyers have a strange way of thought... by yes-but-no · · Score: 1

      If you are legally required to provide evidence and you fail to, aren't you guilty? Why we need to care if they ran the logs are not? that's in their domain. Out side our scope.

    6. Re:Lawyers have a strange way of thought... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
  12. Swillden where are you? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I for one want to know what our resident google dick sucker swillden has to say about the matter. But where is he? He cannot possibly be doing his day job of securing the Swiss cheese that is android.

  13. Zero consequences by sphealey · · Score: 1

    There are zero consequences for these corporate PII losses and security breaches, so the rational Friemanite response for a corporation and its fiduciaries is to ignore them. Pay a small fine here and there; admit no fault. Good to go.

  14. So it's leak by intention by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Providing APIs in order to give developer access to private information? This is literally not breach.

  15. Its being killed off so RIP G+ by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Meh, it was never any good and its like robbing a empty building, nothing there to steel anyway.

  16. But by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Why remain quiet and be open if nothing bad happened? Especially when openness is valued?

  17. EVERY company, by that standard. Phone book info by raymorris · · Score: 2

    There were 400 people who could have accessed a list og names and email addresses if they figured out how, and there is no reason to believe any of them did.

    If that's the standard for a situation that has to be reported, nearly every company in the world has a situation to report, because there are 400 people who can access customer data, if they figure out how.

    For every large company, 400 employees have some access to customer data. For all the smaller companies, half of the attendees at Defcon (7,000 people) could access their data - and that's 7,000 people just in one room.

    Actually never mind hackers, have you ever heard of a phone book? That's a much larger list of names, and the phone book even includes physical addresses. It's delivered to everyone, not just available to a few hundred people.

    If it were credit card information, as opposed to phone book information, that would have been different. My company once had a potential vulnerability that could, in theory, expose credit cards, though that was unlikely. I personally called every customer who could have been affected and let them know they should check their credit card statement just in case.

  18. Zero evidence of a moral compass at Google by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They're awash is cash that allows them to dither in pet projects, virtue signal etc. All the while their moral bankruptcy continues.

    The speed at which they've gone from the cool anti-microsoft, to a rudder less money machine is astounding. Google on a resume would be a red flag now.

  19. Hey! Ya left your door unlocked... by bferrell · · Score: 1

    Someone could have walked in and robbed you blind.

    They didn't, but they could have.

  20. sold a bunch of google stock the other day by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    google sucks and everyone knows it.

  21. I'm going to miss Google+ by sremick · · Score: 4, Interesting

    It always frustrated me how "cool" it became to dig on Google+. Journalists, podcasts, etc... it seemed once it caught on that "we all hate Google+ now" it seemed everyone was falling over themselves to make fun of Google+, but without any real substantial reason other than it was the popular thing to do.

    The truth is, there was a LOT about Google+ that was better than Facebook. The Circles thing was extremely smart and useful. Nevermind that the average user is too fucking stupid and/or lazy to bother to learn or make use of it... that doesn't make the feature any less good. It's a failing of the userbase, not the service.

    Honestly one of the real things that killed Google+ early on was the lack of any sort of events feature. This is BIG on Facebook, and in fact many users maintain a FB profile for no other reason than to be notified and invited to events. These people don't post nor read posts. For whatever reason, Google refused to add events into Google+ and this was a huge reason why people who dipped their toes into it early on became disenchanted and never came back. It couldn't replace FB if it lacked a major feature of FB that they cared about.

    Even to this day though Google+ has had the advantage of being a community with far less BS, trolling and spam than Facebook. The signal-to-noise ratio for the Google+ communities I participate in is exponentially better than anything on Facebook. This will be a great loss.

    1. Re:I'm going to miss Google+ by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The truth is, there was a LOT about Google+ that was better than Facebook. ... Even to this day though Google+ has had the advantage of being a community with far less BS, trolling and spam than Facebook. The signal-to-noise ratio for the Google+ communities I participate in is exponentially better than anything on Facebook. This will be a great loss.

      Predicting a bit less than a quarter of the G+ community will switch to Pluspora.

    2. Re:I'm going to miss Google+ by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The hate came from Google continually pushing it on us, over and over, relentlessly forcing a service nobody wanted down our throats. And not just through GMail / other Google product integration but through YouTube. It must be easy to forget all that crap.

      G+ was an unwanted offering from the start for the majority and became a joke almost instantly.

      Wait till all my Google Wave friends hear about this!~

    3. Re:I'm going to miss Google+ by painandgreed · · Score: 1

      Honestly one of the real things that killed Google+ early on was the lack of any sort of events feature. This is BIG on Facebook, and in fact many users maintain a FB profile for no other reason than to be notified and invited to events. These people don't post nor read posts. For whatever reason, Google refused to add events into Google+ and this was a huge reason why people who dipped their toes into it early on became disenchanted and never came back. It couldn't replace FB if it lacked a major feature of FB that they cared about.

      This is why me and my friends abandoned it after jumping over when it first began to open up. It seemed to tie in with everything else Google. It allowed for custom groups of people as FB didn't at the time. They even worked with people's emails that weren't Google email. Google calendar was right there, but there was no integration. Meanwhile, all personal and organizational events in the city were being managed through FB Events. All except for one of us were back on FB in two weeks.

  22. absolute BS, my grind is... by AndrewFlagg · · Score: 1

    so, someone leaked the internal memo -- probably someone from Sen. Feinstein's office. dam.... isn't anything marked internal stay internal?

    1. Re:absolute BS, my grind is... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      so, someone leaked the internal memo -- probably someone from Sen. Feinstein's office. dam.... isn't anything marked internal stay internal?

      Yes, all the indictments from the FISA abuse. : ) Just wait, coming soon to a theater near you!

  23. Re:EVERY company, by that standard. Phone book inf by ljw1004 · · Score: 1

    and there is no reason to believe any of them did.

    That's a slippery sentence to make. We have no evidence either way, of course. So anyone's belief on this matter must just be based on their personal understanding of industry trends about vulnerability exploitation, extrapolated to this case.

    If you'd just said "I have no reason to believe" then that would have been an easy statement to make: that your understanding of industry trends doesn't provide reason for you to believe that the vulnerability was exploited.

    But you actually made a startlingly strong assertion that there exists no reason to believe that it was exploited -- in other words, you know the relevant set of background industry trends well, and that extrapolating them will lead everyone to the conclusion that there was no exploitation in this case.

    (I respect your other comparisons about what other companies would have to report, but that of course doesn't have bearing on your assertion that I quoted above.)

  24. Re:EVERY company, by that standard. Phone book inf by Cochonou · · Score: 2

    Yes, but the situation is a little more shady than that. It's not really 438 people, it's 438 third-party applications and therefore 438 organisations. How many people behind those organisations ?
    Furthermore, it appears that Google only keeps the log of the third-party API access for two weeks. Given the time window of this vulnerability, it seems quite misleading to go out and say that there is no evidence that this was used.
    I agree with you that the information leaked seems pretty benign. Therefore, they should have had no problems in disclosing the vulnerability... And furthermore, the phone book example you gave is interesting, because it seems that combining the information available within it with the information potentially leaked would give a good basis for identity theft. So, I do not know if this should be considered so benign.

  25. Article is INCORRECT by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    As per googles statement, they supposedly keep the API’s log data for only two weeks. (Which is bullshit, google backs up logs)

    That means that its 438 applications in 2 weeks.

    It wasn't a bug, that's also bullshit - SHM.

    Timing with Cambridge Analytica is because they realised how fucked they were is it got out.

    Why are people being sheep about this. I mean, reporting by The Verge is what you take as gospel? Literally the most corporatism news and technology site in America.

    Looking at the comments is like looking at small fluffy animals in a large fenced paddock.

  26. Google are irredeemably evil by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    What difference does this event make?

  27. Good point, apps. 37 Windows vulns this month by raymorris · · Score: 1

    > It's not really 438 people, it's 438 third-party applications and therefore 438 organisations.

    Good point. I guess some organizers could have made more than one app, so technically up to 438 organizations, but your point stands.

    > it seems quite misleading to go out and say that there is no evidence that this was used.

    I've been doing cybersecurity professionally for fifteen years. Every day I and my team find thousands of vulnerabilities. Essentially every company has vulnerabilities. Two days ago was patch Tuesday. Microsoft released fixes for 37 new vulnerabilities, just like they do every month. Everybody using Windows is vulnerable to all kinds of stuff, dozens of new ones every month.

    Heck, it would probably be accurate to say 95% of all software applications have vulnerabilities. So if you want to know roughly how many vulnerabilities your organization has, count up how many software applications you use. That's probably about how many vulnerabilities you have, within an order of magnitude.

    So roughly all of our customers were vulnerable to at least some of Windows vulnerabilities that were released Tuesday. How many were breeched? Approximately none. Our company also does intrusion detection, and successful breeches are orders of magnitude less common than vulnerabilities. As a professional, these are two very, very different findings I can make:

    1. A company has a specific vulnerability (much like all the vulnerabilities every other company has).

    2. There is evidence of an actual breech.

    These are very different things. One is as common as water, the other is a major event. It would be very misleading to conflate the two.

  28. Emma Blackery by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LTq8TrA3hb4

    Agree that tying it into YouTube wasn't such a good idea.

  29. Solid by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    There should really be a universally interoperational social networking platform standard that isn't controlled by any single corporation or country.

    Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee OM KBE FRS FREng FRSA FBCS just launched such a platform standard:
    - https://www.inrupt.com/blog/one-small-step-for-the-web
    - https://solid.inrupt.com/
    - https://github.com/solid/userguide
    - https://tech.slashdot.org/story/18/09/30/1122238/tim-berners-lee-announces-solid-an-open-source-project-which-would-aim-to-decentralize-the-web

    Captcha: unionize

    1. Re:Solid by Anonymous+Bullard · · Score: 1

      I had totally missed it. Thank you.

      --

      Should invading one's peaceful neighbours be opposed, or rewarded with trade deals?