Firing prematurely from compression is not backfiring but is know a pinging and basically is what happens in a diesel. A backfire is when you are dumping unburned hydrocarbons out the exhaust and the exhaust manifold ignites them.
Also the octane rating of E85 is between 105 and 115 depending on who's numbers you look at. Ethanol also has a much higher latent heat so it actually cools the charge of air as it transitions from an atomized liquid to gas which also helps to increase the octane rating.
The issues with small engines is probably more due to lack of care than the presence of ethanol. People frequently don't drain the tank after the season is over and just leave the fuel in them. The fuel systems on that equipment also isn't fully sealed so they would still get condensation in the tank even if they were using non-oxy fuel since they probably don't top off the tank before they are done. These same people would have problems with non oxygenated gasoline as well. These people probably wouldn't concern themselves with changing the oil, adding a fuel stabilizer, or fogging the engine either so it is no wonder that their crap has problems when started the next year. So ethanol is basically just the excuse of the day for why their equipment failed. As far as carburetor problems most of these are caused by varnish buildups or old dry gaskets and diaphragms as they make these things as cheap as possible and a gasket set is like $2 (they often come with a new diaphragm) and take like an hour to install.
Tetra-ethyl lead was not put into gasoline as an oxygen carrier (it doesn't have any oxygen atoms in it) like ethanol is but was instead put in as an octane booster and anti wear agent. Ethanol replaced such substances like MTBE
Flex fuel vehicles kind of suck at both fuels as they try to make compromises between fuels with very different properties. You can get away with much more aggressive timing, compression, and boost with ethanol than you can with gasoline. Also the volume of fuel delivery varies greatly. To produce the same amount of power you need to burn about 50% more ethanol (assuming pure ethanol) than gasoline but with ethanol you are still on the lean side since stoichiometric ratio is closer to 100% more and you can get more power per unit air.
I wouldn't worry about the denser air and additional drag as that is truly negligible, but the rest is spot on.
Re:10% Ethanol mileage loss claim-- CALLING BS
on
Is E85 Dead Now?
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· Score: 1
I love those kinds of claims. I did the math and the actual number is in the 3-4% mpg loss range, and for some anecdotal evidence I even filled up my car with some non oxy fuel once and saw similar numbers. Ethanol has about 66% of the energy of gasoline by volume so by displacing 10% of the gasoline with ethanol you would expect to lose 3-4% (it won't be exact because of different burn characteristics) in mileage if your vehicle was running correctly to begin with. For a typical vehicle this is.5 to 1 mpg difference. At those levels you can have a greater impact by how you drive the vehicle or by what weight oil you are running.
Wrong. Ethanol doesn't cause the condensation, a non fully sealed fuel system does which is why on older vehicles you shouldn't leave your tank close to empty. Ethanol will hold the water in solution where as gasoline won't. Also because ethanol will hold the water in solution you don't have to deal with little frozen droplets of water in your fuel line. You may be too young to remember or never have lived in an area that gets cold enough but this use to be a real problem. If you are getting excessive condensation in a modern fuel tank then you should have your evaporative emission system checked as you probably have a problem with the gas cap seal, charcoal filter, or lines running to the charcoal filter. Fuel stabilizers for boaters are used for a number of purposes, one is because their fuel tanks aren't fully sealed so they get water in them any way (most fuel stabilizers contain some alcohol usually Isopropanol listed as IPA to absorb any water), they go longer between running, and the fact that gasoline only has a shelf life of about 6 months before it starts to varnish. These problems would still exist with fuel without ethanol.
It is even worse than that. Some bio fuels don't count as bio fuels for federal funding. Last year there was an article in the local paper (only summary available online now) about the algae fuel summit being held here in Minnesota. One of the things it mentioned was that algae didn't qualify as a bio fuel. If anyone is interested the University of Minnesota still has the info page available which has a fair amount of info on it.
The E10 blend is used because ethanol is in general more environmentally friendly that the other oxygenators and octane boosters that are available. We could use TEL to boost octane or we could also use TAME or MTBE for octane booster as they are less toxic than TEL but still pretty toxic when compared to ethanol. The other solution would be to better refine gasoline so it is higher octane to begin with but expect to pay more per gallon. Ethanol also does have an added benefit of holding water in solution instead of it freezing up in your fuel lines. You are especially unlikely to see it go away if you live in Minnesota which has a law that mandates 20% by volume of all motor vehicle fuel sold be ethanol.
I have had a fair amount of success using open source GIS tools for one of my side project to create a hunting map book. I am not too sure of how well either one would work for what you are trying to do but I would be surprised if they didn't. The 2 tools I have had the most success with are uDig GIS and GRASS GIS. Both of them will run on Window, Mac OS, or Linux just fine, they all can process shape files, and DB input as well as geo tiff files as well as other file formats. Another popular OS GIS program is Quantum GIS. When I started I found OSGeo4w which had a bunch of open source GIS programs compiled for windows with everything you need and tried out a few of them and found 2 that best suited my needs. At the time I know it included GRASS, uDig, QGIS, and a couple of other ones, you might want to check out OSGeo as well as there may have been other projects that have started or better meet your needs.
Here is an example of some of what I have done. It is a map of the MN deer areas showing the antlerless deer harvest per square mile for each area in relation to all the others during the archery season. This map is a 10 year snapshot where the darker area indicated more deer were taken per square mile.
It gets even more complex as there may be different tax districts within a the same city that is within the same county. If I remember correctly Minneapolis has this where things are taxed differently if you are in down town or not in down town.
The correct solution would then be to pressure law makers to correct the loophole that caused this. I don't begrudge Amazon for seeking out any competitive advantage but at the same time the playing field should be level when there is a presence in the state.
And this is valid. If they didn't have a presence in the state then it is a different story as only the federal government could force them to pay sales taxes to a state under the interstate commerce clause but they would require congress passing a law to do so. As it currently stands with their presence it sounds like they got a sweetheart deal. I would be more pissed about that.
This is where things like the interstate commerce clause should be used. Technically the state can't force Amazon or any other out of state retailer to pay the tax if they don't have a presence in the state. They can however force you the individual to pay a use tax which is a state's way around the interstate commerce clause. This area is one where the federal government could step in and create a law that clarifies things as constitutionally they have that right.
I would argue that property taxes in many cases are too high when I can look at the waste that city governments have. Also you do realize that in the US we spend more per student than every other nation on education so I wouldn't say it is a lack of money. This is especially true when you look at charter schools. I don't know how they are in other states but in Minnesota they can't pick and choose students and made worse by the public schools. A favorite tactic by the regular public schools is to use them as a dumping ground for difficult students by suggesting to parents of difficult students that they enroll them at a charter school where they can get special attention. They also only get state and federal money, no local money, yet when run properly do show good results, Granted there are a number of them that are run very poorly which tarnishes their image and makes them more difficult to be accepted.
Sounds similar to my area. Every year my property taxes go up even without increases in the tax levied. All through the recession my taxes have gone up while hearing about how property values have fallen through the floor. I even tried to get my property reassessed by the city for tax purposes but they came out with a similar overvalued amount, i.e. more than I purchased it for. Yet when I want to refinance to get a better rate and shorter term I can't because the appraisers say it is underwater which is probably is. Man it sucks being responsible.
I didn't know total isolationism meant we quit being "Team America World Police". As far as I know his policy means we won't be wasting resources protecting Europe from themselves, protecting the middle east from them selves, protecting Africa from themselves protecting Asia from them selves. We will be trading with these countries, we would be talking with them, but we wouldn't be trying to run them or bomb them. Sounds like a good idea to me.
Related side note I fear that we will start bombing some brown people who's country sounds similar to Iraq shortly and is this something we really need? If so why do you feel we need to ship our service members half way around the world to defend other countries' trade and interests?
Remember if you are in one of the early primary states go and get your self registered and actually vote or caucus for the better candidate on the Republican side. Make it clear that you think that the others suck. Also you don't have to vote for the candidate in the general election. Be wary if you are doing this and generally are involved with one of the other parties as you won't be able to choose who is running in your party for other elections.
And then I could ask for proof of training from some recognized medical board and verify your credentials with them. Also under the Libertarian ideal you would also assume full liability for your prescribed treatments.
The problem with the interstate commerce clause is that it is the hammer that makes every thing look like a nail. To correct this we need the supreme court to reverse some decisions which seems unlikely as that would undo a bunch of things the feds currently do. At least with the health care mandate going before the Supreme court we will finally have some idea of the limits if any of the interstate commerce clause.
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A few corrections.
Firing prematurely from compression is not backfiring but is know a pinging and basically is what happens in a diesel. A backfire is when you are dumping unburned hydrocarbons out the exhaust and the exhaust manifold ignites them.
Also the octane rating of E85 is between 105 and 115 depending on who's numbers you look at. Ethanol also has a much higher latent heat so it actually cools the charge of air as it transitions from an atomized liquid to gas which also helps to increase the octane rating.
The issues with small engines is probably more due to lack of care than the presence of ethanol. People frequently don't drain the tank after the season is over and just leave the fuel in them. The fuel systems on that equipment also isn't fully sealed so they would still get condensation in the tank even if they were using non-oxy fuel since they probably don't top off the tank before they are done. These same people would have problems with non oxygenated gasoline as well. These people probably wouldn't concern themselves with changing the oil, adding a fuel stabilizer, or fogging the engine either so it is no wonder that their crap has problems when started the next year. So ethanol is basically just the excuse of the day for why their equipment failed. As far as carburetor problems most of these are caused by varnish buildups or old dry gaskets and diaphragms as they make these things as cheap as possible and a gasket set is like $2 (they often come with a new diaphragm) and take like an hour to install.
Tetra-ethyl lead was not put into gasoline as an oxygen carrier (it doesn't have any oxygen atoms in it) like ethanol is but was instead put in as an octane booster and anti wear agent. Ethanol replaced such substances like MTBE
Flex fuel vehicles kind of suck at both fuels as they try to make compromises between fuels with very different properties. You can get away with much more aggressive timing, compression, and boost with ethanol than you can with gasoline. Also the volume of fuel delivery varies greatly. To produce the same amount of power you need to burn about 50% more ethanol (assuming pure ethanol) than gasoline but with ethanol you are still on the lean side since stoichiometric ratio is closer to 100% more and you can get more power per unit air.
I wouldn't worry about the denser air and additional drag as that is truly negligible, but the rest is spot on.
I love those kinds of claims. I did the math and the actual number is in the 3-4% mpg loss range, and for some anecdotal evidence I even filled up my car with some non oxy fuel once and saw similar numbers. Ethanol has about 66% of the energy of gasoline by volume so by displacing 10% of the gasoline with ethanol you would expect to lose 3-4% (it won't be exact because of different burn characteristics) in mileage if your vehicle was running correctly to begin with. For a typical vehicle this is .5 to 1 mpg difference. At those levels you can have a greater impact by how you drive the vehicle or by what weight oil you are running.
Wrong. Ethanol doesn't cause the condensation, a non fully sealed fuel system does which is why on older vehicles you shouldn't leave your tank close to empty. Ethanol will hold the water in solution where as gasoline won't. Also because ethanol will hold the water in solution you don't have to deal with little frozen droplets of water in your fuel line. You may be too young to remember or never have lived in an area that gets cold enough but this use to be a real problem. If you are getting excessive condensation in a modern fuel tank then you should have your evaporative emission system checked as you probably have a problem with the gas cap seal, charcoal filter, or lines running to the charcoal filter. Fuel stabilizers for boaters are used for a number of purposes, one is because their fuel tanks aren't fully sealed so they get water in them any way (most fuel stabilizers contain some alcohol usually Isopropanol listed as IPA to absorb any water), they go longer between running, and the fact that gasoline only has a shelf life of about 6 months before it starts to varnish. These problems would still exist with fuel without ethanol.
You are also forgetting the congress critters from Iowa and the first in the nation presidential caucus also in Iowa.
It is even worse than that. Some bio fuels don't count as bio fuels for federal funding. Last year there was an article in the local paper (only summary available online now) about the algae fuel summit being held here in Minnesota. One of the things it mentioned was that algae didn't qualify as a bio fuel. If anyone is interested the University of Minnesota still has the info page available which has a fair amount of info on it.
I thought it was closer to 30% from the numbers I have seen but either way it is a waste.
Simple answer: No.
The E10 blend is used because ethanol is in general more environmentally friendly that the other oxygenators and octane boosters that are available. We could use TEL to boost octane or we could also use TAME or MTBE for octane booster as they are less toxic than TEL but still pretty toxic when compared to ethanol. The other solution would be to better refine gasoline so it is higher octane to begin with but expect to pay more per gallon. Ethanol also does have an added benefit of holding water in solution instead of it freezing up in your fuel lines. You are especially unlikely to see it go away if you live in Minnesota which has a law that mandates 20% by volume of all motor vehicle fuel sold be ethanol.
I have had a fair amount of success using open source GIS tools for one of my side project to create a hunting map book. I am not too sure of how well either one would work for what you are trying to do but I would be surprised if they didn't. The 2 tools I have had the most success with are uDig GIS and GRASS GIS. Both of them will run on Window, Mac OS, or Linux just fine, they all can process shape files, and DB input as well as geo tiff files as well as other file formats. Another popular OS GIS program is Quantum GIS. When I started I found OSGeo4w which had a bunch of open source GIS programs compiled for windows with everything you need and tried out a few of them and found 2 that best suited my needs. At the time I know it included GRASS, uDig, QGIS, and a couple of other ones, you might want to check out OSGeo as well as there may have been other projects that have started or better meet your needs.
Here is an example of some of what I have done. It is a map of the MN deer areas showing the antlerless deer harvest per square mile for each area in relation to all the others during the archery season. This map is a 10 year snapshot where the darker area indicated more deer were taken per square mile.
If anyone is interested this is the White House's response to the We The people petitions "Veto the SOPA bill" and "Stop the E-PARASITE Act" on the subject.
It gets even more complex as there may be different tax districts within a the same city that is within the same county. If I remember correctly Minneapolis has this where things are taxed differently if you are in down town or not in down town.
The correct solution would then be to pressure law makers to correct the loophole that caused this. I don't begrudge Amazon for seeking out any competitive advantage but at the same time the playing field should be level when there is a presence in the state.
And this is valid. If they didn't have a presence in the state then it is a different story as only the federal government could force them to pay sales taxes to a state under the interstate commerce clause but they would require congress passing a law to do so. As it currently stands with their presence it sounds like they got a sweetheart deal. I would be more pissed about that.
This is where things like the interstate commerce clause should be used. Technically the state can't force Amazon or any other out of state retailer to pay the tax if they don't have a presence in the state. They can however force you the individual to pay a use tax which is a state's way around the interstate commerce clause. This area is one where the federal government could step in and create a law that clarifies things as constitutionally they have that right.
I would argue that property taxes in many cases are too high when I can look at the waste that city governments have. Also you do realize that in the US we spend more per student than every other nation on education so I wouldn't say it is a lack of money. This is especially true when you look at charter schools. I don't know how they are in other states but in Minnesota they can't pick and choose students and made worse by the public schools. A favorite tactic by the regular public schools is to use them as a dumping ground for difficult students by suggesting to parents of difficult students that they enroll them at a charter school where they can get special attention. They also only get state and federal money, no local money, yet when run properly do show good results, Granted there are a number of them that are run very poorly which tarnishes their image and makes them more difficult to be accepted.
Sounds similar to my area. Every year my property taxes go up even without increases in the tax levied. All through the recession my taxes have gone up while hearing about how property values have fallen through the floor. I even tried to get my property reassessed by the city for tax purposes but they came out with a similar overvalued amount, i.e. more than I purchased it for. Yet when I want to refinance to get a better rate and shorter term I can't because the appraisers say it is underwater which is probably is. Man it sucks being responsible.
Well these are the same people who would sweep Obama's preacher under the rug so what do you expect they are just political hacks.
I didn't know total isolationism meant we quit being "Team America World Police". As far as I know his policy means we won't be wasting resources protecting Europe from themselves, protecting the middle east from them selves, protecting Africa from themselves protecting Asia from them selves. We will be trading with these countries, we would be talking with them, but we wouldn't be trying to run them or bomb them. Sounds like a good idea to me.
Related side note I fear that we will start bombing some brown people who's country sounds similar to Iraq shortly and is this something we really need? If so why do you feel we need to ship our service members half way around the world to defend other countries' trade and interests?
Only the last 5?
Remember if you are in one of the early primary states go and get your self registered and actually vote or caucus for the better candidate on the Republican side. Make it clear that you think that the others suck. Also you don't have to vote for the candidate in the general election. Be wary if you are doing this and generally are involved with one of the other parties as you won't be able to choose who is running in your party for other elections.
And then I could ask for proof of training from some recognized medical board and verify your credentials with them. Also under the Libertarian ideal you would also assume full liability for your prescribed treatments.
The problem with the interstate commerce clause is that it is the hammer that makes every thing look like a nail. To correct this we need the supreme court to reverse some decisions which seems unlikely as that would undo a bunch of things the feds currently do. At least with the health care mandate going before the Supreme court we will finally have some idea of the limits if any of the interstate commerce clause.