This is the moral of Linux, murders, thieves, commies.... Thanks god for the MAC MAC-- do you mean Mandatory Access Controls, as in SE-Linux? (brought to you by the murderers, thieves, and commies in te NSA)
Atually, I think Hans was arrested for a different reason.
The police probably have a reasonable belief that a Nina was probably murdered, have done their best to gather evidence, and most of the evidence points to Hans. They probably know they don't have enough to convict, but want to be seen "doing something." THerefore they have taken a real long shot hoping that the jury will be sufficiently gullible to believe them.
In all fairness, if Nina was murdered, Hans would be the most likely suspect. Unfortunately proof beyond a reasonable doubt isn't very tolernat of the word "if."
Your "explanations" for why Reiser is innocent are meaningless when you don't have access to all the evidence, and ring hollow in the face of police belief [wikipedia.org] -- and remember, they do have the evidence -- that Reiser is probably guilty. Which isn't good enough in our system. You have to have more than evidence that someone is "probably guilty," you need proof beyond a reasonable doubt that soneone is guilty. Right now, there seems to be reasonable doubt that Nina was murdered at all. Not saying she was or wasn't or that Hans is guilty or innocent, just that the evidence here seems shockingly inadequate.
Last I checked (and IANAL), one needed to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that he was guilty of a crime to convict. You might have a point if this were a wrongful death suit.
What I (and many others have said) is that this does not seem to be possible based on the evidence which has made it to the media.
1) Purchasing books on forensic techniques etc. after you are known to be the subject of an investigation? Doesn't sound like premeditation to me. 2) Motive? Sure. She had motive to do stupid and cruel things to him as well. Divorce does that. 3) Blood? What I have heard so far is not enough to suggest that she was actually killed. Suppose they did get in a violent fight? He would be guilty of a crime, but not necessarily murder. Or suppose the blood was just the result of a minor accident? No crime. 4) I cant comment on non-public evidence here. But it seems to me that the basic trend is that she is missing. Nobody knows if she is alive or not. In a case like this, *if* she was murdered, Hans would be the primary suspect, and there is some circumstantial evidence which may implicate him.
So, the real question is that there does not seem to be any direct evidence that Nina has been murdered which has been brought to the public attention. I think that such evidence if it existed would have been disclosed, if only for family and friends benefits. Unfortunately "If she was murdered, Hans almost certainly did it" is not good enough in this case. And I suspect that we will *never* get clear answers in the matter. Which really sucks for Hans if he didn't because there will always be a black stain on his reputation.
How much additional education is required? I know you can't just go into practice, but I would think that if you had at least a certain level of education, the bar might not be impossible to reach.
What probably happened was that they fell crazy in love with eachother, she decided that she didn't want to be without him so got pregnant to ensure the marriage would happen (not that uncommon in many parts of the world or even many parts of the US), and then they woke up and wondered what they had done. At first the dicision to leave or stay would have been difficult-- if she had a green card which was contengent on her marriage, divorce would have been a very difficult prospect (because she might have to leave the country). Once she got her permanent resident status, things might have been easier.
Did Hans Reiser kill his wife? Did she disappear in order to obtain some sort of revenge? Divorce makes good people do bad things and it doesn't sound to me like either individual is exactly of stellar moral fiber.
Obviously the current generation of ultracaps (and probably even the next one) will pobably not replace the primary batteries in standard electric vehicles anytime soon (due to limited range), the would be of great help in hybrid vehicles (better regenerative breaking capacity) and hybrid fuel cell vehicles. In this case they would be far lighter than the equivalent battery, last longer, provide better charge/discharge efficiency, and so forth. In hybrid vehicles of just about any type (fuel cell, conventional ICE, or other), they are just about a perfect match (what you really want is something which can store and deliver large amounts energy quickly-- i.e. something that has reasonable energy storage but has a great deal of power capacity).
can you imagine circumstances where suicide would be a responsible choice?
I can. Just because the vast majority of suicides are at least arguably not responsible choices doesn't mean it couldn't be.
What if you are terminally ill and this is a way not only to reduce your own suffering but also reduce the medical expenses for your care? Is this sort of suicide still deplorable?
What if you are committing suicide in order to spare your family from persecution over your alleged involvement in something? Is that still as deplorable?
If she got her citizenship (not just her green card), she could have moved back to Russia for a short while and still be free to move back to the US whenever she wants.
I am not saying the guy is guilty or not. Just that international marriages can be complicated things sometimes. (My wife is from Indonesia, like Nina, she deliberately got pregnant before we were married, etc. In my case I don't think it was just to come to the US and if we divorce, I am pretty sure she would move back to Indonesia). I also know a number of US citizens (some by birth) who were raised in other countries and tend to get homesick. The idea of eagerly coming to the US is not entirely at odds with wanting to go back home.
I don;t see anything in the evidence currently disclosed that strikes me as beyond any reasonable doubt. Unfortunately it is also reasonable to assume that he may have killed her (divorce can make otherwise good people do bad things and Reiser has a reputation for having a bit of a temper anyway), but nothing that says that that is true beyond a reasonable doubt. This means that I would predict that he willb e acquitted, but that there will always be doubt as to his role in her disappearance unless and until hard evidence is discovered.
Last I checked, they don't issue exit visas for the US. If she is a US citizen now, she could have just gone, and tracking that would involve looking through a lot of airline records.
My name is Christopher. If I buy a ticket as C. R. Travers, that is OK. If I buy one as Chris Travers, that is OK too. Depending on her identification, she might even have been able to book a flight with her maiden name. In short it is harder than it would seem to check this. Yes, it is possible to check, but probably not exactly trivial.
One of the issues with Lithium batteries is that when they explode often you have lithium metal which then combusts. On other words, you have an explosion followed by a really bad fire. With a capacitor, the explosion may be a bit worse (but you can off-set the lighter weight with more shielding!), but you don;t have the lithium fire in the immidiate aftermath.
The first is the electrostatic capacitors. They are typically made metal and ceramic.
The second is the electrolytic capacitors. They are asymmetric, can explode if installed backwards, and can have problems if the electrodes are installed backwards.
Current generations of ultracapacitors are symmetric two-layer capacitors using electr0lytes and activated carbon electrodes. I would think they dould be more safe than the electrolytic capacitors when installed backwards (but most ultracaps I have seen have +/- markings on them). Also because the ions are moved into the activated carbon, I would think it would be safer than electrostatic caps under adverse conditions.
Actually, according to TFA the ultracaps currently do use electrolyte mixture as the dielectric. The big difference with the electrolytic capacitors is the fact that they use activated carbon electrodes. Wikipedia has a good article if you don;t want to go to the IEEE site:-)
If you need a portable laser cannon, do you want a Li-on battery or an ultracapcitor bank?
The energy is less, but the charge/discharge cycle time is possibly immensely less. ANd they miss one of the big issues of Lithium batteries (the limited cycle lifetime).
Would you trade energy capacity in your cell phone power source for the ability to recharge it quickly whenever it is convenient without degrading the battery? I would say that the *vast* majority of mobile devices would clearly benefit from this flexibility. Laptops would probably do best if they were equipped for both sorts of power (long life, slow recharge, frequent battery replacement, or less battery life, rapid recharge, rarely if ever replace the capacitor bank).
The actual amount of energy stored isn't the whole story. The power and flexibility of charging and recharging could revoutionize many sorts of portable devices from cell phones to weaponry.
Most capacitors store only a tiny amount of energy. The release rate is high, so they have a lot of power, but can't store much.
Ultracapacitors (the current generation) can and do replace batteries in many cases, particularly where fast recharge rates are important (for example, regenerative breaking on, say, a city bus, or generated electricity when lowering an object froma crane) but the storage is still small compared to batteries of similar size. Currently experimental hybrid fuel cell vehicles also use them (at least the ones made by Honda).
If these nanotech capacitors that the article talks about are viable, they should be able to begin to challenge batteries in a wide range of applications that we all see and touch.
Imagine being able to recharge your cell phone frequently and avoid the issues of repeated charging cycles. So what if your cell only lasts for 2 days on a charge instead of five if you can recharge it fully whenever you want without worrying about damaging/degrading the battery.
Laptops would be a harder sell, but I would choose a power-storage device that I could rely on over one that had a higher capacity but would degrade over a year or two.
Does the phrase "gyroscopic effect" have any meaning to you?
Ever try to carry somehting with a rapidly spinning flywheel in it? If you have several orthogonal flywheels, you will create several axes of resistance.
You are describing electrolytic rather than ultra (or super-) capacitors.
These are designed on a very different principle. Rather than using rolled up etched/oxidized aluminum foil (the oxide acts as the insulator), these use activated carbon electrodes and an ion-permiable membrane as the insulator. This creates a capacitor with a much larger surface area than a traditional electrostatic or electrolytic capacitor.
At any rate, that is the *current* generation (up to 2700 farad capacitance-- which is huge-- those capacitors they warn you about in the PC power supply are less than a farad). It looks like the use of nanotubes may allow for *far* more powerful capacitors.capable of delivering workloads sufficient to replace batteries in many applications.
Actually the current generations of ultracaps are already replacing batteries in electric vehicles and hybrid fuel cell vehicles, and a wide range of other applications. Especially in hybrid fuel cell vehicles, the reports at the moment indicate that they lead to better fuel economy than a traditional battery for storing eneregy from regenerative breaking, etc.
Ultracapacitors are *already* replacing many bateries in heavy lifting cranes, city busses, and experimental hybrid-fuel cell cars (Honda's prototypes, of which several hundred are already on the road, use them). The IEEE article is about making them even more powerful for the equivalent volume/weight.
Current generations of Ultracapacitors range in power up to 2700 farads (electrolytic capacitors tend to be less than 1 farad). The article describes a method of making ones which would be many times stronger than the current generation.
Slashdot Mirror
Atually, I think Hans was arrested for a different reason.
The police probably have a reasonable belief that a Nina was probably murdered, have done their best to gather evidence, and most of the evidence points to Hans. They probably know they don't have enough to convict, but want to be seen "doing something." THerefore they have taken a real long shot hoping that the jury will be sufficiently gullible to believe them.
In all fairness, if Nina was murdered, Hans would be the most likely suspect. Unfortunately proof beyond a reasonable doubt isn't very tolernat of the word "if."
Last I checked (and IANAL), one needed to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that he was guilty of a crime to convict. You might have a point if this were a wrongful death suit.
What I (and many others have said) is that this does not seem to be possible based on the evidence which has made it to the media.
1) Purchasing books on forensic techniques etc. after you are known to be the subject of an investigation? Doesn't sound like premeditation to me.
2) Motive? Sure. She had motive to do stupid and cruel things to him as well. Divorce does that.
3) Blood? What I have heard so far is not enough to suggest that she was actually killed. Suppose they did get in a violent fight? He would be guilty of a crime, but not necessarily murder. Or suppose the blood was just the result of a minor accident? No crime.
4) I cant comment on non-public evidence here. But it seems to me that the basic trend is that she is missing. Nobody knows if she is alive or not. In a case like this, *if* she was murdered, Hans would be the primary suspect, and there is some circumstantial evidence which may implicate him.
So, the real question is that there does not seem to be any direct evidence that Nina has been murdered which has been brought to the public attention. I think that such evidence if it existed would have been disclosed, if only for family and friends benefits. Unfortunately "If she was murdered, Hans almost certainly did it" is not good enough in this case. And I suspect that we will *never* get clear answers in the matter. Which really sucks for Hans if he didn't because there will always be a black stain on his reputation.
How much additional education is required? I know you can't just go into practice, but I would think that if you had at least a certain level of education, the bar might not be impossible to reach.
What probably happened was that they fell crazy in love with eachother, she decided that she didn't want to be without him so got pregnant to ensure the marriage would happen (not that uncommon in many parts of the world or even many parts of the US), and then they woke up and wondered what they had done. At first the dicision to leave or stay would have been difficult-- if she had a green card which was contengent on her marriage, divorce would have been a very difficult prospect (because she might have to leave the country). Once she got her permanent resident status, things might have been easier.
Did Hans Reiser kill his wife? Did she disappear in order to obtain some sort of revenge? Divorce makes good people do bad things and it doesn't sound to me like either individual is exactly of stellar moral fiber.
Obviously the current generation of ultracaps (and probably even the next one) will pobably not replace the primary batteries in standard electric vehicles anytime soon (due to limited range), the would be of great help in hybrid vehicles (better regenerative breaking capacity) and hybrid fuel cell vehicles. In this case they would be far lighter than the equivalent battery, last longer, provide better charge/discharge efficiency, and so forth. In hybrid vehicles of just about any type (fuel cell, conventional ICE, or other), they are just about a perfect match (what you really want is something which can store and deliver large amounts energy quickly-- i.e. something that has reasonable energy storage but has a great deal of power capacity).
can you imagine circumstances where suicide would be a responsible choice?
I can. Just because the vast majority of suicides are at least arguably not responsible choices doesn't mean it couldn't be.
What if you are terminally ill and this is a way not only to reduce your own suffering but also reduce the medical expenses for your care? Is this sort of suicide still deplorable?
What if you are committing suicide in order to spare your family from persecution over your alleged involvement in something? Is that still as deplorable?
Can you think of any others?
If she got her citizenship (not just her green card), she could have moved back to Russia for a short while and still be free to move back to the US whenever she wants.
I am not saying the guy is guilty or not. Just that international marriages can be complicated things sometimes. (My wife is from Indonesia, like Nina, she deliberately got pregnant before we were married, etc. In my case I don't think it was just to come to the US and if we divorce, I am pretty sure she would move back to Indonesia). I also know a number of US citizens (some by birth) who were raised in other countries and tend to get homesick. The idea of eagerly coming to the US is not entirely at odds with wanting to go back home.
I don;t see anything in the evidence currently disclosed that strikes me as beyond any reasonable doubt. Unfortunately it is also reasonable to assume that he may have killed her (divorce can make otherwise good people do bad things and Reiser has a reputation for having a bit of a temper anyway), but nothing that says that that is true beyond a reasonable doubt. This means that I would predict that he willb e acquitted, but that there will always be doubt as to his role in her disappearance unless and until hard evidence is discovered.
Last I checked, they don't issue exit visas for the US. If she is a US citizen now, she could have just gone, and tracking that would involve looking through a lot of airline records.
My name is Christopher. If I buy a ticket as C. R. Travers, that is OK. If I buy one as Chris Travers, that is OK too. Depending on her identification, she might even have been able to book a flight with her maiden name. In short it is harder than it would seem to check this. Yes, it is possible to check, but probably not exactly trivial.
One of the issues with Lithium batteries is that when they explode often you have lithium metal which then combusts. On other words, you have an explosion followed by a really bad fire. With a capacitor, the explosion may be a bit worse (but you can off-set the lighter weight with more shielding!), but you don;t have the lithium fire in the immidiate aftermath.
The power output is actually many magnitudes higher than with a battery. It is the total energy storage which is lower.
The first is the electrostatic capacitors. They are typically made metal and ceramic.
The second is the electrolytic capacitors. They are asymmetric, can explode if installed backwards, and can have problems if the electrodes are installed backwards.
Current generations of ultracapacitors are symmetric two-layer capacitors using electr0lytes and activated carbon electrodes. I would think they dould be more safe than the electrolytic capacitors when installed backwards (but most ultracaps I have seen have +/- markings on them). Also because the ions are moved into the activated carbon, I would think it would be safer than electrostatic caps under adverse conditions.
That is just my lay observation though.
Actually, according to TFA the ultracaps currently do use electrolyte mixture as the dielectric. The big difference with the electrolytic capacitors is the fact that they use activated carbon electrodes. Wikipedia has a good article if you don;t want to go to the IEEE site :-)
The carbon/electrolyte ultracapacitors are already in some cars, busses, and the like.
The article mentions some Moscow city busses. Shanghai is experimenting with similar busses.
Honda's experimental hybrid fuel cell vehicles use them.
In cars, they are really far better than batteries at capturing energy gathered from regenerative breaking.
If you need a portable laser cannon, do you want a Li-on battery or an ultracapcitor bank?
The energy is less, but the charge/discharge cycle time is possibly immensely less. ANd they miss one of the big issues of Lithium batteries (the limited cycle lifetime).
Would you trade energy capacity in your cell phone power source for the ability to recharge it quickly whenever it is convenient without degrading the battery? I would say that the *vast* majority of mobile devices would clearly benefit from this flexibility. Laptops would probably do best if they were equipped for both sorts of power (long life, slow recharge, frequent battery replacement, or less battery life, rapid recharge, rarely if ever replace the capacitor bank).
The actual amount of energy stored isn't the whole story. The power and flexibility of charging and recharging could revoutionize many sorts of portable devices from cell phones to weaponry.
Half.
Most capacitors store only a tiny amount of energy. The release rate is high, so they have a lot of power, but can't store much.
Ultracapacitors (the current generation) can and do replace batteries in many cases, particularly where fast recharge rates are important (for example, regenerative breaking on, say, a city bus, or generated electricity when lowering an object froma crane) but the storage is still small compared to batteries of similar size. Currently experimental hybrid fuel cell vehicles also use them (at least the ones made by Honda).
If these nanotech capacitors that the article talks about are viable, they should be able to begin to challenge batteries in a wide range of applications that we all see and touch.
Imagine being able to recharge your cell phone frequently and avoid the issues of repeated charging cycles. So what if your cell only lasts for 2 days on a charge instead of five if you can recharge it fully whenever you want without worrying about damaging/degrading the battery.
Laptops would be a harder sell, but I would choose a power-storage device that I could rely on over one that had a higher capacity but would degrade over a year or two.
the thing would probably be far more reliable and would probably charge a bit faster (read, as fast as you can dump in the sufficient energy).
Does the phrase "gyroscopic effect" have any meaning to you?
Ever try to carry somehting with a rapidly spinning flywheel in it? If you have several orthogonal flywheels, you will create several axes of resistance.
As these use an electrolyte mixture I would expect them to dry over time (as seals degrade, etc).
However, the number of charging cycles would be far less of a factor.
You are describing electrolytic rather than ultra (or super-) capacitors.
These are designed on a very different principle. Rather than using rolled up etched/oxidized aluminum foil (the oxide acts as the insulator), these use activated carbon electrodes and an ion-permiable membrane as the insulator. This creates a capacitor with a much larger surface area than a traditional electrostatic or electrolytic capacitor.
At any rate, that is the *current* generation (up to 2700 farad capacitance-- which is huge-- those capacitors they warn you about in the PC power supply are less than a farad). It looks like the use of nanotubes may allow for *far* more powerful capacitors.capable of delivering workloads sufficient to replace batteries in many applications.
Actually the current generations of ultracaps are already replacing batteries in electric vehicles and hybrid fuel cell vehicles, and a wide range of other applications. Especially in hybrid fuel cell vehicles, the reports at the moment indicate that they lead to better fuel economy than a traditional battery for storing eneregy from regenerative breaking, etc.
THe Capacitor doesn't usually internally short circuit when it leaks balast. It can short circuit the external leads, or other parts of the circuitry.
Ultracapacitors are *already* replacing many bateries in heavy lifting cranes, city busses, and experimental hybrid-fuel cell cars (Honda's prototypes, of which several hundred are already on the road, use them). The IEEE article is about making them even more powerful for the equivalent volume/weight.
These are not like roles of toilet paper. The current generation are based on activated carbon structures.
;-)
1) We are dealing with DC here, not AC. You can't store AC current in a capacitor
2) Most DC devices are fairly low voltage (typically less than 15).
Current generations of Ultracapacitors range in power up to 2700 farads (electrolytic capacitors tend to be less than 1 farad). The article describes a method of making ones which would be many times stronger than the current generation.