Well, I think polynucleotide synthesis is purely chemistry in that no biological 'reagents' are need. In other words, you can make RNA completely "from scratch".
However, as hinted in the Nature summary linked elsewhere, the raw RNA was first thrown into an in vitro translation mixture, which is a biological extract containing all the components of the translation machinery. This machinery translated the viral RNA,creating the viral proteins which then further replicate the RNA and then assemble into particles.
These particles are harvested and that was what was used for the infection study.
So, you can't get infectious materials in this case without a biological "reagents". It will be a long long time (if ever) that we're able to synthesize an entire virus particle- the polypeptide synthesis issue is a lot more complex than for polynucleotides due to folding.
What I don't get is how they got a 7500 base RNA molecule. That seems awfully long to be able to just order from a oligo shop. Has efficiency and yield gone up that much in the past 5 years? Anything over 100 bases was unrealistic back in my day.
As someone else mentioned, Pan is pretty much the GUI newsreader of choice. I use to to browse and read news.
As for downloading, I find it a little lacking, though and do all my bulk downloads with nget. It's a command-line client with great regexp support and it's easy to set up a queue script to grab a bunch of stuff, usually to run overnight for me. It also has nice handling of multiple servers, with weighting, so you can have it grab the bulk from one source (ie your free one) and missing parts from another (the premium).
ObTopic: I also recommend Easynews. Almost always complete (if not, the problem was probably on the sender's end) and the retention is sick through the web interface. At $10/mo for 6 GB, it's a great fills server solution to complement a free ISP-provided server.
It's widely accepted that only 30% or so of the meaning in a conversation is conveyed verbally; the rest is non-verbal.
Hmm. It's a wonder that telephones are of any use at all, then.
Re:How about a competition? (was Re:Proof, please)
on
MySQL 4.0 Released
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· Score: 1
One thing that has just occurred to me in this, round 5,408 of the MySQL-versus-PostgreSQL flame fest is to ask if anybody has tried to replace MySQL with PostgreSQL or vice versa in any project that both sides would consider "worthy" in some sense.
Tim Perdue of PHPBuilder/Sourceforge/Geocrawler did some tests migrating SourceForge to Postgres. It's described in this PHPbuilder article, from last November.
There are some amusing graphs of Mysql falling down:).
This was also new to me. It had actually occurred to me recently to write something like this because I was tired of typing "/etc/rc.d/init.d/", except I would've named my script "daemon". Anyone else disappointed they used "service" instead?
This reminds me of something that made the news when I was living in the Bay Area in the late 80s/early 90s. Some company got the idea to somehow project an ad onto the horizon, I believe with lasers. A sky billboard, if you will. Except it could only work at certain evening hours when the weather was just right to be visible.
Anyone remember this? I think it was Coke or Pepsi. There was a substantial uproar and nothing every came of it, as far as I know. While I was nauseated with the idea, I was fascinated from a technological stand point.
Or maybe it was an April Fool's story- my memory from that period is definitely hazy (college!).
Slashdot Mirror
Well, I think polynucleotide synthesis is purely chemistry in that no biological 'reagents' are need. In other words, you can make RNA completely "from scratch".
However, as hinted in the Nature summary linked elsewhere, the raw RNA was first thrown into an in vitro translation mixture, which is a biological extract containing all the components of the translation machinery. This machinery translated the viral RNA,creating the viral proteins which then further replicate the RNA and then assemble into particles.
These particles are harvested and that was what was used for the infection study.
So, you can't get infectious materials in this case without a biological "reagents". It will be a long long time (if ever) that we're able to synthesize an entire virus particle- the polypeptide synthesis issue is a lot more complex than for polynucleotides due to folding.
What I don't get is how they got a 7500 base RNA molecule. That seems awfully long to be able to just order from a oligo shop. Has efficiency and yield gone up that much in the past 5 years? Anything over 100 bases was unrealistic back in my day.
-h3
As for downloading, I find it a little lacking, though and do all my bulk downloads with nget. It's a command-line client with great regexp support and it's easy to set up a queue script to grab a bunch of stuff, usually to run overnight for me. It also has nice handling of multiple servers, with weighting, so you can have it grab the bulk from one source (ie your free one) and missing parts from another (the premium).
ObTopic: I also recommend Easynews. Almost always complete (if not, the problem was probably on the sender's end) and the retention is sick through the web interface. At $10/mo for 6 GB, it's a great fills server solution to complement a free ISP-provided server.
Hmm. It's a wonder that telephones are of any use at all, then.
Tim Perdue of PHPBuilder/Sourceforge/Geocrawler did some tests migrating SourceForge to Postgres. It's described in this PHPbuilder article, from last November.
There are some amusing graphs of Mysql falling down
This was also new to me. It had actually occurred to me recently to write something like this because I was tired of typing "/etc/rc.d/init.d/", except I would've named my script "daemon". Anyone else disappointed they used "service" instead?
-h3
Finally, someone using molecules :).
;) )
...)
:p.
I work in a university biology department and have adopted the the following conventions:
Unix-based servers: sugars (maltose, xylose, mannose, ribose... because they're sweet
Lab computers: amino acids (glycine, serine... because there were 20)
NT servers: artificial sweeteners (saccharin, aspartame, because
Macs: nucleic acids (adenine, cytosine, for no clever reason)
For you biopedants: yes, I know all sugars are not sweet and those are really nitrogenous bases and not nucleic acids listed
-h3
This reminds me of something that made the news when I was living in the Bay Area in the late 80s/early 90s. Some company got the idea to somehow project an ad onto the horizon, I believe with lasers. A sky billboard, if you will. Except it could only work at certain evening hours when the weather was just right to be visible.
Anyone remember this? I think it was Coke or Pepsi. There was a substantial uproar and nothing every came of it, as far as I know. While I was nauseated with the idea, I was fascinated from a technological stand point.
Or maybe it was an April Fool's story- my memory from that period is definitely hazy (college!).
-h3