Oh, I forgot that sealed lead acid batteries can be sealed because of the special lead-calcium electrodes they used, as opposed to the old standard ones, mostly lead-antimony and other minor things, and I have no clue why that works, but it would be interesting to see if calcium also improves hydrogen overpotential in mercury, but then you might have to go really high on amalgam concentration, into the no longer fluid region.
By the way, if you can figure out an aprotic oxidation and reduction resistant ionic solvent that dissolves CaO at room temperature, you may get Ca and O directly, but good luck with that.
By the way with Ca amalgam electrolysis the coulombic efficiency is not 100% because of hydrogen gassing, and the hydrogen overpotential is current density dependent, high current densities lowering the waste, relatively speaking. There are additives that hog active catalytic hydrogen absorption, molecule formation, and surface tension bubble growth (which takes immense pressures at just above Brownian motion scale random bubble sizes), things such active site hogging acetylenic things as used in the steel picking industry that can pickle a rusty iron nail into a shiny thing in concentrated hydrochloric acid, without any hydrogen gassing or attacking the metallic portion of the nail. But these things turn into a nasty crud and tar under electrolytic conditions, so it's easier to just simply combust back the hydrogen into water, and live with some hydrogen production, for the sake of having a clean and long lasting process. Platinized platinum makes a hydrogen oxygen mix explode at room temperature, and it could be used, it would convert any hydrogen back into water with some of the oxygen, without having to worry about a pilot flame.
As far as metallic calcium vapor production CaF2/CaO electrolysis goes with iridium electrodes, of course other things such as rhenium, etc. should also be evaluated as anode materials. On the cathode side, or just in general, there is a caveat of platinum being badly corroded by metallic silicon even at 700C, which is very low, and cannot be used as a molten silicate electrolysis electrode, and similar corrosion issues of residual impurities of silicon, aluminum, etc in the CaO might be an issue, to where an water purification of the CaO, or converting into soluble chloride and purification like that may be needed, driving up the cost of this method a lot. The nice thing about CaO, burnt lime, is that it's devastated by water into quicklime, and reactive, unlike silicates and the other oxides, including , the , SiO2, Al2O3, FeO, silicates which are only difficultly reactive with such things as Ca thermite reaction, or carbo-chlorination (difficult, bottleneck is nonvolatile carbon, can be helped with sulfur volatile contamination), or simply sulfo-chlorination.By the way all this is ancient technology, from around 1850-1930, but lawyers can say things like, well it's novel in the way that is hasn't been applied to outer space, and then waste hours and hours deliberating the interpretations of uninterpretable patents, the litigation dragging out only for as many years as the lawyers have a need to make more money, without getting bored and finally closing the case, not by someone winning, but settling out of court in a cross-patent licensing deal, as in I agree not to sue you for your patents if you agree not to sue me for your patents plus a few million dollars either which way. That is why it's important to create and be armed with a lot of junk patents, so you can come to a standstill and break the tie with a cross licensing of bullshit, as opposed to being caught owning no bullshit patents, and then no cross licensing deal, and you're getting screwed bigtime then. Patents are like who's down with OPP, yeah you know me. Cuz I own your thoughts, whatever you can ever think of, I want to hog all that and own it, and whoever I happen to work for loves shoving one of those intellectual property agreements disguised as "confidentiality agreements for 10 years" under my nose, and I absolutely despise signing those, but it's not up for negotiation, if you say you want to work here but you're not willing to fill out a paperwork HR is sticking under your nose, they are like sorry, we can't process them without the signature, and you're welcome not to have a job but go jerk off somewhere, because it's not up for negotiation. You may try to negotiate it but there's the door, employment at will. And most people you talk to, one was on unemployment for 2 years, the other didn't have a job for 5, when someone gives you a job you have to respect that, but when they shove some intellectual prope
A meteorite won't cut it. Also most plants don't grow in weightlessness, they can't figure out which way is "up." So you need an artificial gravity device called a centrifuge, pretty much just a huge cylinder to put your farm in. Also, as meteorite and vacuum protection and cosmic ray radiation protection is important, it probably has to be fully aluminum/titanium/iron/magnesium, and no windows on it, other than cameras and screens and solar panels, but you can't have a farm-like continuous sunlight, expecially if you're spinning, unless you orient the axle to aim at the sun. the Sun's rays come through the center and dispersed throughout the ship. Somehow artificial lighting sounds better, and stuff grown in arrtificial lighting, fueled by solar panels. If that's possible.It's easier to run artificial chemical mini-reactors to make sugars from CO2 and water and energy, than to farm for it up there, because artificial light is hopelessly energy inefficient, a solar collector like a bunch of mirrors could directly use the already present high efficiency light from the Sun, instead of the 15% solar to electric, and 0.01%(r something like that) electric to light, and then 0.1% light to carbohydrate through photosynthesis. The overal process efficiency then is 0.15x0.01x0.1=.00015, or 0.015%, not very high. This is a big issue.
Women are like that, psycho. It's how they control men, he can control her by physically shoving her around, but she can control him by pushing his psychologically active buttons till he collapses crying I can't take it anymore. It's how nature made us. Hell hath no fury like a woman scorned.
First of all, all the astronomers know about the Mega-Earth is that its total mass is about that of Neptune, and total volume is such that its density is unlike our gas giants (Jupiter, Saturn, Youranus, Neptune), but more like our rocky planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars.) Boo hoo, that's not much. And how the heck they know it has a thin atmosphere. I beg to differ - it's simply a gas giant with an Iridium (22)-Osmium(22)-Platinum(21)-Gold(19)-Mercury(13)-Lead(11)-Iron-Nickel(8) core and not much silicate(2.2-3.0 sp.gr.).
Earth-like life supporting planets with liquid water and hydrogen free oxygen atmosphere have to meet certain conditions of temperature and gravity, and a planet 17x the mass of Earth does not meet conditions of gravity, or requirement for liquid water (all you can get at high pressures and temperatures is supercritical non-phase separating water/steam mix), or if the temperature is lower, then at that gravity hydrogen is retained in the atmosphere too, with continuous buildup of planet size from vacuum absorbed hydrogen til you get a double star, like Jupiter is on the way to become, if it can grow faster than probably something like 2 mm/year and grow to adequate size before the Sun runs out of fuel.
Also a 17x Earth mass planet might have a huge internal temperature and lava from the stray radioactive isotopes in silicates or what not, and this one thing might be different about it than what we have here, i.e. the stray radioactive isotopes have been consumed, and then it does not glow at that size. Or they might be so high in abundance, that they heat the planet surface to high enough temperature where most of the stuff boils off, and all you get is a thin atmosphere, but no hydrogen. Venus is kind of on the hot side of the balance, with even smaller gravity than Earth, and only CO2, O2 and N2 with moleculare weights of 44, 36 and 34 are retained in the atmosphere, but H2O with a molecular weight of 18 distills off. Had the gravity been higher than Earth, (possibly 17x higher), then besides the CO2, O2 and N2, you may be able to retain the H2O too, but possibly in a supercitical, nonphaseseparating state, and then standard solvent properties disappear, as in it's unable to ionize sodium chloride into its components, and the whole biochemistry of Earth is probably impossible without the solvent effects of water, which becomes more like gasoline or alcohol in solvent power when supercritical. Possibly someone calculated a 17x Earth mass as an upper limit just under supercritical temperatures, and as we have extremophile bacteria living in very hot waters, life might be possible really hot, in really high gravity environments, as long as not too hot(no superciritical water) and not too high gravity (not retaining hydrogen gas).
Encryption and information security related material - a somewhat humoros but highly homosexual and taboo spin on man in the middle attack, captcha:decorum, ssl certificate warning ignored, Alan Turing breaking the nazi Enigma code had a darker side to him, like Michael Jackson, or Richard Gere, or some Catholic bishops, or Socrates written down by Plato - I'm not sure he was actually messing with children, just young males, so to speak, but stuff like that is all over greek pottery, and it's called "greek love", and the greeks were one of the top ancient mathematicians, besides the hindus and egyptians and chinese, but they did have this darker side to them, of perversion related issues, and so do the japanese, they make awesome cars and top of the line high tech stuff, and they are at the forefront of science, but buddhism and shinto does not seem to be a strict enough religion there to completely regulate exuberance in sex, which has consequences, such as overpopulation, and no poverty yet, but it may get dangerously thin on resources - just watch images or videos of japanese public pools to get a feel. Usually poverty and too many kids go hand in hand, and wealth and lack of fecundity also go hand in hand. Irregardless of cultural, racial or other factors. Because it takes a tremendous amount of resources to rear a child, total dedication. Religion that functions well usually creates wealth and abundance of resources, and good life, or better balance, so to speak, by moderating the natural tendency to overpopulate, and it's rare that it creates a "too retarding" or exterminating effect. Perversion detracting from direct procreation also has this wealth creating effect, but it can go to the point of addiction and distraction from normal duties, but if not out of control, it's kind of interesting that really creative and intelligent people have this really dark and perverted side to them, and it's like they are free to do whatever they want as long as they can keep it secret or out of the public view, except when it involves children, and of those, those that are pre-puberty and have no idea what a sexual desire is. But it's really hard to control the girl-scout-cookie teenie weenie anime-like japanese pedophilia related to sexually mature depictions of extremely young girls, who're obviously mature from their breasts being fully formed and huge, because fast breeders take over any population and drive slow breeders to extinction. The bottleneck to fast breeding are the females that take 9 months to pop a baby, and have menopause, a male almost does not matter because he's a discardable item and who knows where he ends up by the end of 9 months, but the mother is with the baby after he's born almost 99% sure. So there are groups who breed at age 12-13 as soon as puberty hits, and by age 26 she's a grandma, by age 39 she's a great grandma, potentially to 100 offsprings out of 8 people (2 parents, 4 grandparents, 8 greatgrandparents) vs. someone who does not even have their first child by age 39, as it happens with a lot of women in new york, they end up having their first kids in their early 40's and they barely have 3 to 5 years before menopause, so they can't have 7-10 kids that can create a population explosion, like those groups that start reproducing at age 13. As I said the men don't really matter, as an 80 year old can father a child with a 13 year old, or he can father with 3 women per day for 3 months and that's 90 kids in one shot, so males are like instant fast breeders if circumstances require, but women cannot be fast breeders at age 80 like that, so there is a lot of selection pressure for young women. Also the younger the smaller the chances of a previous commitment as opposed to dedication to the first child, and possibly blood siblings following. How many times it happens that older men in their 40s-50s dump their mates of 30 years to hook up with a younger female 10-20 years younger than them? All the time. My downstairs neighbor did it before he moved out, and she was devastated, but with a naughty jo
You're not supposed to enjoy stimulation to your prostate. Unless it's done by a female during a blowjob, but she might end up with smelly fingers. Even that can get you killed though, like in Russia, or muslim places like Africa, you get killed as soon as there are signs of gayness, they are very careful to keep the genepool clean of this deviant gene, which creates perversion and decay in society without any life-procreating effects, if anything, it goes against creating new life, just like contraceptives do. (Btw why don't muslims hate contraceptives more than homos?) So anyway, there are videos that in Africa you don't only get stoned to death for it, but there was this guy witch his legs chopped off with a machete, and he was still trying to run away on the stumps left, before getting killed. I'm trying to find some good images on google, like congo machete patrol, or rwanda machete, but it's not coming up with anything good right now. In any case, Alan Turing, the breaker of the nazi encryption code Enigma, was recently exonerated by the British crown against charges of perversion related to gay stuff. Perversion and creativity seems to go hand in hand, but in places like Japan it's more about pedophilia (you can buy actual used panties of a school girl with the proper scent in a street vending machine next to a candy bar or a pepsi bottle), and gay stuff, especially between men, is a horrible shame even there, but it's okay if the women do it, cuz the men force them to do it, but the men choose what they do among themselves, and nothing is ok unless there is at least one woman present. Even Socrates was killed over both pedophilia and gayness, his inquisitive mind pissed off everybody, the Socratic method is the best way in the world to piss anyone off, - as in let's talk, and I will show you through your own words how stupid you are, and i know I, Socrates, am stupid, but you're so stupid that you don't even realize how stupid you are, hence you're more stupid than me, and that's how the Oracle at Delphi was correct, in saying that Socrates is the wisest man in the world, not because he's wise, he's obviously stupid, but everybody else is even more stupid than him, so he's the wisest. So the charges against him were: 1. Impiety to the Gods. 2. Corruption of the youth. And he was 70, and even Plato was in on organizing his escape before the execution, even the authorities practically left the prison door swung wide open to let him walk out and just go away once and for all and stop being so annoying, but he was too macho, and he said something like respect for the law that the community erects, and he drank up the hemlock. So Plato wrote all this macho shit down. Friggin greeks fucking boys, not even preteen girls like them 70 year old Japanese, but boys. Something not right with that.
30 minutes? The present age of the universe since the big bang is estimated to less than 14 billion Earth years, and humans have only been around for the last 200,000 years. If in another 900 billion years you still cannot change the laws of physics, and the 2nd law thermodynamic heat death of the universe is looming, everything turned into 62 nickel and barely any 58, 60 or 61 nickel left, or 59 cobalt or 56 iron left available to convert, I recommend creating artificial intelligence creatures to hopefully help you, instead of helping themselves and killing you in the process, like they do in the movie "Screamers."
The real reason to have the floors spinning at the same angular velocity and dropping gravity as you go to the center, is the Coriolis force. It's a weird force to try to explain, you can get some idea of it when you watch a video of a guy spinning a bicycle wheel, then flipping the rotation axis, or when you're handling fast spinning heavy metal objects, they have "extra" inertia that manifests itself in weird ways. A previous poster on Slashdot mentioned that the smallest radius cylinder he calculated people to be still comfortable in from the effects of the Coriolis force is 260 meters, with 3.3 feet per meter that's about 250x3=750, 250x0.3=75, 750+75=825 feet, and that's radius, the diameter is double, or 520 meters, 1650 feet. That's a huge building size cylinder to build up there, you can only build it from Moon based, Moon mined materials, even if your cost of shipping and handling from Earth drops to $700/lb, (or $700x2.2/kg) as some other Slashdot poster mentioned, from the old something like $10000/lb for the Shuttle.
Under the Coriolis force, you sit at a desk, and you reach out to grab a pencil, and your hand flies off to the left or the right and you miss. Son of a bitch, so you try again, it's annoying. The thing to remember is that there is no Coriolis force if you don't move, only when you try to make a regular straight line motion thinking you're in an inertial reference frame with no virtual forces acting, so if you don't move, or do so ever so slightly, you avoid the Coriolis force, and if you move really fast, its effect is huge. For this reason, and others, while the gym, the weight lifting section and what not, possibly at even higher g than earth (imagine a 200 lb guy weight 250 lbs, try to do squats and pushups like that) should be at the outermost layer, or "lowest" floor under a centrifugal artificial gravity, and higher floors gradually decreasing in speed, the center floor being under no rotation weightlessness experiments or sleeping quarters, the floor right beneath it should be at regular Earth g, with the ceiling spinning fast above it, and the floor beneath it, but on this "Coriolis force floor" with small radius and high speed, they should have the martial arts section, karate, tae kwon do, jew jitsu, kung fu, and of course, tai chi chuan. Out of these only tai chi chuan people would be comfortable at the beginning, because they move so slow, and all the other fast movers would need some adaptation periods before their minds subconsciously correct for coriolis forces. As that's what life does, it adapts, and adapting to coriolis forces is not a bigger deal than, say developing white blood cells eating diseases like aids and malaria and what not, now that, life against life, is difficult, but not impossible to adapt for.
Thanks, but it gets you in the same trouble as drawing nonsense lines in the sand - you get caught with a set of random looking characters in a hostile country and you can prepare for some good torture sessions to extract the meaning of them. They are just random crap? Boloni! etc. So you better be creative and ready to invent something they wanna hear, to get your ass out of trouble, kinda like the American pilot captured in WW2 by the Japanese, who was interrogated about how many nukes the Americans have. Of course he had no idea, but he told them many many, because that's what he thought they wanted to hear.
Cosmic rays hit you down here on Earth too, even if the atmosphere does block some. But your cells have a certain capacity for repair, including DNA repair, and only if you're drained, and drained faster than you can replenish, do you have permanent effects. And by the way they "are" talking about solar radiation, in the sense of Aurora Borealis, hitting you. Go watch some youtube on Aurora Borealis to see what they are talking about hitting you without a magnetic shield. Aurora borelais happens at the magnetic "holes in the shield" called the poles, where charge particles do not encounter perpendicular fields to their propagation forward effects. A way to eliminate Aurora Borealis against your space suit is to have to poles under your feet and on top of tall people's heads, so something either properly hits the field lines perpendicular, or it smashes into the metallic magnetic material shields at the poles.
If you made a huge cylinder centrifuge building with different floors, all spinning at the same angular velocity, called omega, then the centripetal or centrifugal acceleration is omega squared times radius, is greater at the outer, lower on the ladder layers than up towards the center, and you can go from floor to floor to see what you like, and the workout gym should be on the bottom floor, with the biggest gravity, while you could sleep in a suspended sleeping back in the center core room that's not even spinning (i.e. the last ceiling rotates with respect to the last floor, just before the weightless zone.
20 KW on a space device is huge. And they are talking wasting xenon into the vacuum of outer space. You do not waste xenon like that, any process using xenon should recycle it as much as possible, and if anything, it's better to waste the astronauts and make new ones, because they are cheaper to replace than xenon gas. People are made of carbon, water, proteins, calcium phopshate, etc, and all you gotta do to make a new one is fuck, then invest like 20 years into educating him before he can be used as an astronaut, but even with all that effort, he's still cheaper to replace than replacing wasted xenon, which is very rare, though could be created through radioactive means in small quantities. By the way there is nothing more precious than an astronaut life, or a human life, but people willingly take on risks as long as it's a risk and it's not 100% certain in the outcome, for economic benefits, things such as driving on any highway at highway speeds which are deadly. That's a calculated risk compared to driving safely with 20 mph, because who has time for driving that slow. You only have so many hours in a day. It's like who has time to read and comment on Slashdot?
No the warp core will not breach if you decrease the amount of dilithium crystals added to it from 10 microgram per second to 7.9 micrograms per second, which should still be enough to keep it stable.
The only cryptography you can truly trust is one you invent yourself, and don't tell anyone else about it, after you've learned all the top of the line methods and technologies and tricks available in the world. But don't trust these "expert proclaimed" unsolvable problems to really be unsolvable. Somebody somewhere might be passing off to you cryptography so you hide "secrets." Best thing is not to have secrets, or even if you do, they should not be something you absolutely can't have out in the public. Like putting a lock on a bicycle, sure somebody can cut it off with, it's like there is no lock that cannot be picked or wall that cannot be destroyed, unlike in the old days, until they invented cannons, but people still practice building walls and putting up locks, So consider all security to be a mild one, like a password, it's a minor obstacle. Like it's not possible to not have your credit cards stolen. Or be victim to false witnesses. It's not possible to have computer security, because whatever you do on the chips and whatever you see on the screen, somebody could be snooping on you. You wanna practice cryptography? Go hide in a cave somewhere and draw lines in the sand with a stick, and they will still find it with sniffing dogs, and only if it makes absolute nonsense because you did not mean anything by it you were just putting down nonsense marks in the hidden cave sand on purpose, they will still decrypt it into something and jail you for it. Such is cryptography. Who you wanna trust? A computer that has a sticker that says "intel inside" or some "amd?" You can't even trust a chip you made yourself and didn't tell anybody, cuz they replaced it with a rigged identical indistinguishable copy of theirs. All you can hope for is they make mistakes, and are not thorough - and who in the world does not make mistakes - and they forgot to detect a UV pen marker line you put on it, or even a trace of blood that - in theory - can be dna decrypted to your blood, and i mean in theory. So much for cryptography and security. You have no rights. Maybe the right to think freely, but only if you don't tell anybody, or don't express it on anything, like a computer screen, voices into the air, or a piece of paper, or sand. If anything, hiding in plain sight is best. You can store information by some rules you invent, and encode things into how you place say a pillow or a sock somewhere, rules that you don't tell anybody, and sometimes, you can just fuck with the snoopers without having rules, but making it look like the disarray you throw your socks into is an expression of something, like a secret, when you were just trying to fuck with them a little and give them something to decrypt. Like a lot of google books results are "top secrect" gov't documents from like 1940's and 50's written by absolute quacks, and you can tell after 3 sentences or 3 paragraphs into it, but sometimes they are amusing to read and entertaining. Such is the top secret released to you, and you can do similar top secret releases yourself. Not to really encrypt anything and believe it's not decryptable, but just to plain fuck with people decrypting it and disrespecting your privacy.
There is very marginal amount of energy left in urine, that's why the body discards it as waste. And in that, It's simply too complicated to turn nitrogenous materials into molecular nitrogen and exhale them through your lungs, plus organisms doing it are not that ecologically friendly because most ecosystems suffer from a lack of fixed nitrogen. So you create water soluble urea H2N-CO-NH2(or ammonia for some creatures) out of it, and piss it out. Let the bacteria, plants, etc, recycle it into proteins you can eat again. That's urine. It's the best fertilizer ever, other than it's too soluble and the nitrogen runs away with the rain as runoff. Unless you have good black soil with a lot of ion exchange capacity to bind it and not let it run off into the river and the ocean, from which fungi that penetrate the soil throughout can get it and teleport it all over the place where a plant, like a tree, needs it. You don't see much of these fungi except at breeding time, they stick their reproductive orgams above the ground, called mushrooms, and there is a million variety in them, some toxic cuz they got friggin tired of always being eaten. It's like you're about to fuck and you whip out your dick and some piranha flies by and bites it off. So those people with poisonous dicks killing piranhas that bite them off would have a natural selection pressure to make it to tomorrow. Fungi are the top chemists of nature, when it comes to drugs, or recycling waste and getting the last drops of energy out of them, they can digest even cellulose in the cold and some termites farm them for it. But most fungi out in forests live symbiotically with other plants, and some fungi, like morel mushrooms, there is word that only some kinds of trees are able to feed them properly in exchange for the minerals, water and nutrients they bring to the roots from miles away.
We can build a 500 meter radius rotating cylinder, a kilometer or two long, out of Moon-mined metals no problem. We have the technology. Ca-thermite reaction with any silicate rock to get CaO, electrolyze CaO somewhat dissolved in water with a mercury cathode to get oxygen and a calcium amalgam, then strip the mercury amalgam with an aprotic ionic solvent that dissolves Ca well and electrolyze back the Ca from it, kinda like copper is refined, and repeat the thermite reaction with fresh materials.Silicate becomes oxygen and aluminum-silicon-magnesium-sodium-potassium-iron-titanium slag, separate the magnesium, sodium, potassium with vacuum heating in a retort, and separate using chlorine to get volatile chlorides from the rest, AlCl3, SiCl4, TiCL4, FeCl3.You can get very clean Al, Si, Ti Fe this way. Maybe bromine would be better.
Eventually when there are trillions of humans in existence, Earth will be kind of like a reservation with some jungle people here and there, and there will be a lot of space-age average persons in space, cuz there is a lot of room up there to put them. With ceramic rebars and whatnot. Some of them will be space-terrorists, and instead of mass shootings, they will create intentional holes in the walls and leaks inside space stations and let them go to full vacuum.
I like to see the price of shipping and handling to space drop. I still think it's very expensive, and think of really tiny people I've come across in life, they must have been like 4'10" at age 20 or so, they (or their kids assuming they'd be of tiny growth too) would make great cheap astronauts to keep sending up and down, all we gotta do is tell them what buttons to push when up there. Compared to a 200 lb person, even at $700/lb a saving of 120 lb comes to $84,000. Come to think of it $84,000 is not that much, except when you're talking about NASA, who's put on a shoestring budget by Obama and every penny counts. Obama sees keeping people from starving as his priority, not flying to outer space, and I can't talk enough on here that simply feeding people doesn't solve the problem, yes, indeed it does buy time, but achieving self sufficiency should be the ultimate goal, and in that you can't give everybody a job in this joblessness world, so you have to let them be self sufficient as Jefferson's yeoman's farmers. Fuck the economy if you can't fix it, let people be self sufficient irregardless of having a job or not, whether there is an economy or not, etc. You gotta figure out a way to buy land for them to get them off welfare, land which is impossible to procure, so the next best thing happens, urban areas are de-densified and streets that have gone empty and devoid of any buildings, well, eventually they are gonna be farming areas, not sufficient in area to feed yourself, but anything beats absolutely nothing.
You don't seal the cave. You enlarge the cave and seal the huge rotating metal cylinder spaceship you put inside that has artificial gravity from spinning, a centrifugal effect, and you walk on the inner walls, your weight matching that on Earth..
On Mars the most energy efficient process of extracting oxygen is from carbon dioxide, and you get carbon as a valuable byproduct too. Or jut pressurize the atmosphere up, then let plants do their weak photosynthesis, and voila, you get oxygen, on Mars.
It's a good place to hide the elite people. Also meteorites in the meteorite belt past Mars can be used as disguised space stations, if you dig a hole in the middle of them. Great camouflage.
The real reason for underground caverns on Mars is to secretly hide elite people who will proliferate all over the Universe, and keep all the dumb ones down here, well, dumb. Then even in case of a nuclear catastrophy or global disease outbreak, all the dumb ones down here will disappear, together with a few smart ones as collateral damage, but the smart ones can come back and recolonize Earth again. The Moon is gravitationally locked to us, always showing the same face, else it would have tides in its crust that would slow its rotation, so that means there is another side of the Moon never visible from Earth, and you can leave the lights on outside at night on your secret Moonbase as none of the idiots from Earth will see it, except the Chinese sending a most detailed lunar mapping probe up, as latecomers to the space age, to scan for secret bases already there, if any, and then you really have to hide well and conceal your caves when your spies tell you the Chinese are coming and looking for you, hide mofos, hide well! And turn the fuckin lights off outside! As Mars is rotating, you can never leave the lights on outside of your caves, and somebody with a good telescope might see it from Earth.
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Oh, I forgot that sealed lead acid batteries can be sealed because of the special lead-calcium electrodes they used, as opposed to the old standard ones, mostly lead-antimony and other minor things, and I have no clue why that works, but it would be interesting to see if calcium also improves hydrogen overpotential in mercury, but then you might have to go really high on amalgam concentration, into the no longer fluid region.
By the way, if you can figure out an aprotic oxidation and reduction resistant ionic solvent that dissolves CaO at room temperature, you may get Ca and O directly, but good luck with that.
By the way with Ca amalgam electrolysis the coulombic efficiency is not 100% because of hydrogen gassing, and the hydrogen overpotential is current density dependent, high current densities lowering the waste, relatively speaking. There are additives that hog active catalytic hydrogen absorption, molecule formation, and surface tension bubble growth (which takes immense pressures at just above Brownian motion scale random bubble sizes), things such active site hogging acetylenic things as used in the steel picking industry that can pickle a rusty iron nail into a shiny thing in concentrated hydrochloric acid, without any hydrogen gassing or attacking the metallic portion of the nail. But these things turn into a nasty crud and tar under electrolytic conditions, so it's easier to just simply combust back the hydrogen into water, and live with some hydrogen production, for the sake of having a clean and long lasting process. Platinized platinum makes a hydrogen oxygen mix explode at room temperature, and it could be used, it would convert any hydrogen back into water with some of the oxygen, without having to worry about a pilot flame.
As far as metallic calcium vapor production CaF2/CaO electrolysis goes with iridium electrodes, of course other things such as rhenium, etc. should also be evaluated as anode materials. On the cathode side, or just in general, there is a caveat of platinum being badly corroded by metallic silicon even at 700C, which is very low, and cannot be used as a molten silicate electrolysis electrode, and similar corrosion issues of residual impurities of silicon, aluminum, etc in the CaO might be an issue, to where an water purification of the CaO, or converting into soluble chloride and purification like that may be needed, driving up the cost of this method a lot. The nice thing about CaO, burnt lime, is that it's devastated by water into quicklime, and reactive, unlike silicates and the other oxides, including , the , SiO2, Al2O3, FeO, silicates which are only difficultly reactive with such things as Ca thermite reaction, or carbo-chlorination (difficult, bottleneck is nonvolatile carbon, can be helped with sulfur volatile contamination), or simply sulfo-chlorination.By the way all this is ancient technology, from around 1850-1930, but lawyers can say things like, well it's novel in the way that is hasn't been applied to outer space, and then waste hours and hours deliberating the interpretations of uninterpretable patents, the litigation dragging out only for as many years as the lawyers have a need to make more money, without getting bored and finally closing the case, not by someone winning, but settling out of court in a cross-patent licensing deal, as in I agree not to sue you for your patents if you agree not to sue me for your patents plus a few million dollars either which way. That is why it's important to create and be armed with a lot of junk patents, so you can come to a standstill and break the tie with a cross licensing of bullshit, as opposed to being caught owning no bullshit patents, and then no cross licensing deal, and you're getting screwed bigtime then. Patents are like who's down with OPP, yeah you know me. Cuz I own your thoughts, whatever you can ever think of, I want to hog all that and own it, and whoever I happen to work for loves shoving one of those intellectual property agreements disguised as "confidentiality agreements for 10 years" under my nose, and I absolutely despise signing those, but it's not up for negotiation, if you say you want to work here but you're not willing to fill out a paperwork HR is sticking under your nose, they are like sorry, we can't process them without the signature, and you're welcome not to have a job but go jerk off somewhere, because it's not up for negotiation. You may try to negotiate it but there's the door, employment at will. And most people you talk to, one was on unemployment for 2 years, the other didn't have a job for 5, when someone gives you a job you have to respect that, but when they shove some intellectual prope
A meteorite won't cut it. Also most plants don't grow in weightlessness, they can't figure out which way is "up." So you need an artificial gravity device called a centrifuge, pretty much just a huge cylinder to put your farm in. Also, as meteorite and vacuum protection and cosmic ray radiation protection is important, it probably has to be fully aluminum/titanium/iron/magnesium, and no windows on it, other than cameras and screens and solar panels, but you can't have a farm-like continuous sunlight, expecially if you're spinning, unless you orient the axle to aim at the sun. the Sun's rays come through the center and dispersed throughout the ship. Somehow artificial lighting sounds better, and stuff grown in arrtificial lighting, fueled by solar panels. If that's possible.It's easier to run artificial chemical mini-reactors to make sugars from CO2 and water and energy, than to farm for it up there, because artificial light is hopelessly energy inefficient, a solar collector like a bunch of mirrors could directly use the already present high efficiency light from the Sun, instead of the 15% solar to electric, and 0.01%(r something like that) electric to light, and then 0.1% light to carbohydrate through photosynthesis. The overal process efficiency then is 0.15x0.01x0.1=.00015, or 0.015%, not very high. This is a big issue.
Women are like that, psycho. It's how they control men, he can control her by physically shoving her around, but she can control him by pushing his psychologically active buttons till he collapses crying I can't take it anymore. It's how nature made us. Hell hath no fury like a woman scorned.
First of all, all the astronomers know about the Mega-Earth is that its total mass is about that of Neptune, and total volume is such that its density is unlike our gas giants (Jupiter, Saturn, Youranus, Neptune), but more like our rocky planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars.) Boo hoo, that's not much. And how the heck they know it has a thin atmosphere. I beg to differ - it's simply a gas giant with an Iridium (22)-Osmium(22)-Platinum(21)-Gold(19)-Mercury(13)-Lead(11)-Iron-Nickel(8) core and not much silicate(2.2-3.0 sp.gr.).
Earth-like life supporting planets with liquid water and hydrogen free oxygen atmosphere have to meet certain conditions of temperature and gravity, and a planet 17x the mass of Earth does not meet conditions of gravity, or requirement for liquid water (all you can get at high pressures and temperatures is supercritical non-phase separating water/steam mix), or if the temperature is lower, then at that gravity hydrogen is retained in the atmosphere too, with continuous buildup of planet size from vacuum absorbed hydrogen til you get a double star, like Jupiter is on the way to become, if it can grow faster than probably something like 2 mm/year and grow to adequate size before the Sun runs out of fuel.
Also a 17x Earth mass planet might have a huge internal temperature and lava from the stray radioactive isotopes in silicates or what not, and this one thing might be different about it than what we have here, i.e. the stray radioactive isotopes have been consumed, and then it does not glow at that size. Or they might be so high in abundance, that they heat the planet surface to high enough temperature where most of the stuff boils off, and all you get is a thin atmosphere, but no hydrogen. Venus is kind of on the hot side of the balance, with even smaller gravity than Earth, and only CO2, O2 and N2 with moleculare weights of 44, 36 and 34 are retained in the atmosphere, but H2O with a molecular weight of 18 distills off. Had the gravity been higher than Earth, (possibly 17x higher), then besides the CO2, O2 and N2, you may be able to retain the H2O too, but possibly in a supercitical, nonphaseseparating state, and then standard solvent properties disappear, as in it's unable to ionize sodium chloride into its components, and the whole biochemistry of Earth is probably impossible without the solvent effects of water, which becomes more like gasoline or alcohol in solvent power when supercritical. Possibly someone calculated a 17x Earth mass as an upper limit just under supercritical temperatures, and as we have extremophile bacteria living in very hot waters, life might be possible really hot, in really high gravity environments, as long as not too hot(no superciritical water) and not too high gravity (not retaining hydrogen gas).
Encryption and information security related material - a somewhat humoros but highly homosexual and taboo spin on man in the middle attack, captcha:decorum, ssl certificate warning ignored, Alan Turing breaking the nazi Enigma code had a darker side to him, like Michael Jackson, or Richard Gere, or some Catholic bishops, or Socrates written down by Plato - I'm not sure he was actually messing with children, just young males, so to speak, but stuff like that is all over greek pottery, and it's called "greek love", and the greeks were one of the top ancient mathematicians, besides the hindus and egyptians and chinese, but they did have this darker side to them, of perversion related issues, and so do the japanese, they make awesome cars and top of the line high tech stuff, and they are at the forefront of science, but buddhism and shinto does not seem to be a strict enough religion there to completely regulate exuberance in sex, which has consequences, such as overpopulation, and no poverty yet, but it may get dangerously thin on resources - just watch images or videos of japanese public pools to get a feel. Usually poverty and too many kids go hand in hand, and wealth and lack of fecundity also go hand in hand. Irregardless of cultural, racial or other factors. Because it takes a tremendous amount of resources to rear a child, total dedication. Religion that functions well usually creates wealth and abundance of resources, and good life, or better balance, so to speak, by moderating the natural tendency to overpopulate, and it's rare that it creates a "too retarding" or exterminating effect. Perversion detracting from direct procreation also has this wealth creating effect, but it can go to the point of addiction and distraction from normal duties, but if not out of control, it's kind of interesting that really creative and intelligent people have this really dark and perverted side to them, and it's like they are free to do whatever they want as long as they can keep it secret or out of the public view, except when it involves children, and of those, those that are pre-puberty and have no idea what a sexual desire is. But it's really hard to control the girl-scout-cookie teenie weenie anime-like japanese pedophilia related to sexually mature depictions of extremely young girls, who're obviously mature from their breasts being fully formed and huge, because fast breeders take over any population and drive slow breeders to extinction. The bottleneck to fast breeding are the females that take 9 months to pop a baby, and have menopause, a male almost does not matter because he's a discardable item and who knows where he ends up by the end of 9 months, but the mother is with the baby after he's born almost 99% sure. So there are groups who breed at age 12-13 as soon as puberty hits, and by age 26 she's a grandma, by age 39 she's a great grandma, potentially to 100 offsprings out of 8 people (2 parents, 4 grandparents, 8 greatgrandparents) vs. someone who does not even have their first child by age 39, as it happens with a lot of women in new york, they end up having their first kids in their early 40's and they barely have 3 to 5 years before menopause, so they can't have 7-10 kids that can create a population explosion, like those groups that start reproducing at age 13. As I said the men don't really matter, as an 80 year old can father a child with a 13 year old, or he can father with 3 women per day for 3 months and that's 90 kids in one shot, so males are like instant fast breeders if circumstances require, but women cannot be fast breeders at age 80 like that, so there is a lot of selection pressure for young women. Also the younger the smaller the chances of a previous commitment as opposed to dedication to the first child, and possibly blood siblings following. How many times it happens that older men in their 40s-50s dump their mates of 30 years to hook up with a younger female 10-20 years younger than them? All the time. My downstairs neighbor did it before he moved out, and she was devastated, but with a naughty jo
Oh and Socrates did have a wife, called Xanthippe, possibly 40 years younger than him.
You're not supposed to enjoy stimulation to your prostate. Unless it's done by a female during a blowjob, but she might end up with smelly fingers. Even that can get you killed though, like in Russia, or muslim places like Africa, you get killed as soon as there are signs of gayness, they are very careful to keep the genepool clean of this deviant gene, which creates perversion and decay in society without any life-procreating effects, if anything, it goes against creating new life, just like contraceptives do. (Btw why don't muslims hate contraceptives more than homos?) So anyway, there are videos that in Africa you don't only get stoned to death for it, but there was this guy witch his legs chopped off with a machete, and he was still trying to run away on the stumps left, before getting killed. I'm trying to find some good images on google, like congo machete patrol, or rwanda machete, but it's not coming up with anything good right now. In any case, Alan Turing, the breaker of the nazi encryption code Enigma, was recently exonerated by the British crown against charges of perversion related to gay stuff. Perversion and creativity seems to go hand in hand, but in places like Japan it's more about pedophilia (you can buy actual used panties of a school girl with the proper scent in a street vending machine next to a candy bar or a pepsi bottle), and gay stuff, especially between men, is a horrible shame even there, but it's okay if the women do it, cuz the men force them to do it, but the men choose what they do among themselves, and nothing is ok unless there is at least one woman present. Even Socrates was killed over both pedophilia and gayness, his inquisitive mind pissed off everybody, the Socratic method is the best way in the world to piss anyone off, - as in let's talk, and I will show you through your own words how stupid you are, and i know I, Socrates, am stupid, but you're so stupid that you don't even realize how stupid you are, hence you're more stupid than me, and that's how the Oracle at Delphi was correct, in saying that Socrates is the wisest man in the world, not because he's wise, he's obviously stupid, but everybody else is even more stupid than him, so he's the wisest. So the charges against him were: 1. Impiety to the Gods. 2. Corruption of the youth. And he was 70, and even Plato was in on organizing his escape before the execution, even the authorities practically left the prison door swung wide open to let him walk out and just go away once and for all and stop being so annoying, but he was too macho, and he said something like respect for the law that the community erects, and he drank up the hemlock. So Plato wrote all this macho shit down. Friggin greeks fucking boys, not even preteen girls like them 70 year old Japanese, but boys. Something not right with that.
30 minutes? The present age of the universe since the big bang is estimated to less than 14 billion Earth years, and humans have only been around for the last 200,000 years. If in another 900 billion years you still cannot change the laws of physics, and the 2nd law thermodynamic heat death of the universe is looming, everything turned into 62 nickel and barely any 58, 60 or 61 nickel left, or 59 cobalt or 56 iron left available to convert, I recommend creating artificial intelligence creatures to hopefully help you, instead of helping themselves and killing you in the process, like they do in the movie "Screamers."
The real reason to have the floors spinning at the same angular velocity and dropping gravity as you go to the center, is the Coriolis force. It's a weird force to try to explain, you can get some idea of it when you watch a video of a guy spinning a bicycle wheel, then flipping the rotation axis, or when you're handling fast spinning heavy metal objects, they have "extra" inertia that manifests itself in weird ways. A previous poster on Slashdot mentioned that the smallest radius cylinder he calculated people to be still comfortable in from the effects of the Coriolis force is 260 meters, with 3.3 feet per meter that's about 250x3=750, 250x0.3=75, 750+75=825 feet, and that's radius, the diameter is double, or 520 meters, 1650 feet. That's a huge building size cylinder to build up there, you can only build it from Moon based, Moon mined materials, even if your cost of shipping and handling from Earth drops to $700/lb, (or $700x2.2 /kg) as some other Slashdot poster mentioned, from the old something like $10000/lb for the Shuttle.
Under the Coriolis force, you sit at a desk, and you reach out to grab a pencil, and your hand flies off to the left or the right and you miss. Son of a bitch, so you try again, it's annoying. The thing to remember is that there is no Coriolis force if you don't move, only when you try to make a regular straight line motion thinking you're in an inertial reference frame with no virtual forces acting, so if you don't move, or do so ever so slightly, you avoid the Coriolis force, and if you move really fast, its effect is huge. For this reason, and others, while the gym, the weight lifting section and what not, possibly at even higher g than earth (imagine a 200 lb guy weight 250 lbs, try to do squats and pushups like that) should be at the outermost layer, or "lowest" floor under a centrifugal artificial gravity, and higher floors gradually decreasing in speed, the center floor being under no rotation weightlessness experiments or sleeping quarters, the floor right beneath it should be at regular Earth g, with the ceiling spinning fast above it, and the floor beneath it, but on this "Coriolis force floor" with small radius and high speed, they should have the martial arts section, karate, tae kwon do, jew jitsu, kung fu, and of course, tai chi chuan. Out of these only tai chi chuan people would be comfortable at the beginning, because they move so slow, and all the other fast movers would need some adaptation periods before their minds subconsciously correct for coriolis forces. As that's what life does, it adapts, and adapting to coriolis forces is not a bigger deal than, say developing white blood cells eating diseases like aids and malaria and what not, now that, life against life, is difficult, but not impossible to adapt for.
Thanks, but it gets you in the same trouble as drawing nonsense lines in the sand - you get caught with a set of random looking characters in a hostile country and you can prepare for some good torture sessions to extract the meaning of them. They are just random crap? Boloni! etc. So you better be creative and ready to invent something they wanna hear, to get your ass out of trouble, kinda like the American pilot captured in WW2 by the Japanese, who was interrogated about how many nukes the Americans have. Of course he had no idea, but he told them many many, because that's what he thought they wanted to hear.
Cosmic rays hit you down here on Earth too, even if the atmosphere does block some. But your cells have a certain capacity for repair, including DNA repair, and only if you're drained, and drained faster than you can replenish, do you have permanent effects. And by the way they "are" talking about solar radiation, in the sense of Aurora Borealis, hitting you. Go watch some youtube on Aurora Borealis to see what they are talking about hitting you without a magnetic shield. Aurora borelais happens at the magnetic "holes in the shield" called the poles, where charge particles do not encounter perpendicular fields to their propagation forward effects. A way to eliminate Aurora Borealis against your space suit is to have to poles under your feet and on top of tall people's heads, so something either properly hits the field lines perpendicular, or it smashes into the metallic magnetic material shields at the poles.
sleeping bag, not sleeping back.. i must be getting sleepy
If you made a huge cylinder centrifuge building with different floors, all spinning at the same angular velocity, called omega, then the centripetal or centrifugal acceleration is omega squared times radius, is greater at the outer, lower on the ladder layers than up towards the center, and you can go from floor to floor to see what you like, and the workout gym should be on the bottom floor, with the biggest gravity, while you could sleep in a suspended sleeping back in the center core room that's not even spinning (i.e. the last ceiling rotates with respect to the last floor, just before the weightless zone.
20 KW on a space device is huge. And they are talking wasting xenon into the vacuum of outer space. You do not waste xenon like that, any process using xenon should recycle it as much as possible, and if anything, it's better to waste the astronauts and make new ones, because they are cheaper to replace than xenon gas. People are made of carbon, water, proteins, calcium phopshate, etc, and all you gotta do to make a new one is fuck, then invest like 20 years into educating him before he can be used as an astronaut, but even with all that effort, he's still cheaper to replace than replacing wasted xenon, which is very rare, though could be created through radioactive means in small quantities. By the way there is nothing more precious than an astronaut life, or a human life, but people willingly take on risks as long as it's a risk and it's not 100% certain in the outcome, for economic benefits, things such as driving on any highway at highway speeds which are deadly. That's a calculated risk compared to driving safely with 20 mph, because who has time for driving that slow. You only have so many hours in a day. It's like who has time to read and comment on Slashdot?
No the warp core will not breach if you decrease the amount of dilithium crystals added to it from 10 microgram per second to 7.9 micrograms per second, which should still be enough to keep it stable.
The only cryptography you can truly trust is one you invent yourself, and don't tell anyone else about it, after you've learned all the top of the line methods and technologies and tricks available in the world. But don't trust these "expert proclaimed" unsolvable problems to really be unsolvable. Somebody somewhere might be passing off to you cryptography so you hide "secrets." Best thing is not to have secrets, or even if you do, they should not be something you absolutely can't have out in the public. Like putting a lock on a bicycle, sure somebody can cut it off with, it's like there is no lock that cannot be picked or wall that cannot be destroyed, unlike in the old days, until they invented cannons, but people still practice building walls and putting up locks, So consider all security to be a mild one, like a password, it's a minor obstacle. Like it's not possible to not have your credit cards stolen. Or be victim to false witnesses. It's not possible to have computer security, because whatever you do on the chips and whatever you see on the screen, somebody could be snooping on you. You wanna practice cryptography? Go hide in a cave somewhere and draw lines in the sand with a stick, and they will still find it with sniffing dogs, and only if it makes absolute nonsense because you did not mean anything by it you were just putting down nonsense marks in the hidden cave sand on purpose, they will still decrypt it into something and jail you for it. Such is cryptography. Who you wanna trust? A computer that has a sticker that says "intel inside" or some "amd?" You can't even trust a chip you made yourself and didn't tell anybody, cuz they replaced it with a rigged identical indistinguishable copy of theirs. All you can hope for is they make mistakes, and are not thorough - and who in the world does not make mistakes - and they forgot to detect a UV pen marker line you put on it, or even a trace of blood that - in theory - can be dna decrypted to your blood, and i mean in theory. So much for cryptography and security. You have no rights. Maybe the right to think freely, but only if you don't tell anybody, or don't express it on anything, like a computer screen, voices into the air, or a piece of paper, or sand. If anything, hiding in plain sight is best. You can store information by some rules you invent, and encode things into how you place say a pillow or a sock somewhere, rules that you don't tell anybody, and sometimes, you can just fuck with the snoopers without having rules, but making it look like the disarray you throw your socks into is an expression of something, like a secret, when you were just trying to fuck with them a little and give them something to decrypt. Like a lot of google books results are "top secrect" gov't documents from like 1940's and 50's written by absolute quacks, and you can tell after 3 sentences or 3 paragraphs into it, but sometimes they are amusing to read and entertaining. Such is the top secret released to you, and you can do similar top secret releases yourself. Not to really encrypt anything and believe it's not decryptable, but just to plain fuck with people decrypting it and disrespecting your privacy.
That's gay
There is very marginal amount of energy left in urine, that's why the body discards it as waste. And in that, It's simply too complicated to turn nitrogenous materials into molecular nitrogen and exhale them through your lungs, plus organisms doing it are not that ecologically friendly because most ecosystems suffer from a lack of fixed nitrogen. So you create water soluble urea H2N-CO-NH2(or ammonia for some creatures) out of it, and piss it out. Let the bacteria, plants, etc, recycle it into proteins you can eat again. That's urine. It's the best fertilizer ever, other than it's too soluble and the nitrogen runs away with the rain as runoff. Unless you have good black soil with a lot of ion exchange capacity to bind it and not let it run off into the river and the ocean, from which fungi that penetrate the soil throughout can get it and teleport it all over the place where a plant, like a tree, needs it. You don't see much of these fungi except at breeding time, they stick their reproductive orgams above the ground, called mushrooms, and there is a million variety in them, some toxic cuz they got friggin tired of always being eaten. It's like you're about to fuck and you whip out your dick and some piranha flies by and bites it off. So those people with poisonous dicks killing piranhas that bite them off would have a natural selection pressure to make it to tomorrow. Fungi are the top chemists of nature, when it comes to drugs, or recycling waste and getting the last drops of energy out of them, they can digest even cellulose in the cold and some termites farm them for it. But most fungi out in forests live symbiotically with other plants, and some fungi, like morel mushrooms, there is word that only some kinds of trees are able to feed them properly in exchange for the minerals, water and nutrients they bring to the roots from miles away.
We can build a 500 meter radius rotating cylinder, a kilometer or two long, out of Moon-mined metals no problem. We have the technology. Ca-thermite reaction with any silicate rock to get CaO, electrolyze CaO somewhat dissolved in water with a mercury cathode to get oxygen and a calcium amalgam, then strip the mercury amalgam with an aprotic ionic solvent that dissolves Ca well and electrolyze back the Ca from it, kinda like copper is refined, and repeat the thermite reaction with fresh materials.Silicate becomes oxygen and aluminum-silicon-magnesium-sodium-potassium-iron-titanium slag, separate the magnesium, sodium, potassium with vacuum heating in a retort, and separate using chlorine to get volatile chlorides from the rest, AlCl3, SiCl4, TiCL4, FeCl3.You can get very clean Al, Si, Ti Fe this way. Maybe bromine would be better.
Eventually when there are trillions of humans in existence, Earth will be kind of like a reservation with some jungle people here and there, and there will be a lot of space-age average persons in space, cuz there is a lot of room up there to put them. With ceramic rebars and whatnot. Some of them will be space-terrorists, and instead of mass shootings, they will create intentional holes in the walls and leaks inside space stations and let them go to full vacuum.
I like to see the price of shipping and handling to space drop. I still think it's very expensive, and think of really tiny people I've come across in life, they must have been like 4'10" at age 20 or so, they (or their kids assuming they'd be of tiny growth too) would make great cheap astronauts to keep sending up and down, all we gotta do is tell them what buttons to push when up there. Compared to a 200 lb person, even at $700/lb a saving of 120 lb comes to $84,000. Come to think of it $84,000 is not that much, except when you're talking about NASA, who's put on a shoestring budget by Obama and every penny counts. Obama sees keeping people from starving as his priority, not flying to outer space, and I can't talk enough on here that simply feeding people doesn't solve the problem, yes, indeed it does buy time, but achieving self sufficiency should be the ultimate goal, and in that you can't give everybody a job in this joblessness world, so you have to let them be self sufficient as Jefferson's yeoman's farmers. Fuck the economy if you can't fix it, let people be self sufficient irregardless of having a job or not, whether there is an economy or not, etc. You gotta figure out a way to buy land for them to get them off welfare, land which is impossible to procure, so the next best thing happens, urban areas are de-densified and streets that have gone empty and devoid of any buildings, well, eventually they are gonna be farming areas, not sufficient in area to feed yourself, but anything beats absolutely nothing.
You don't seal the cave. You enlarge the cave and seal the huge rotating metal cylinder spaceship you put inside that has artificial gravity from spinning, a centrifugal effect, and you walk on the inner walls, your weight matching that on Earth..
On Mars the most energy efficient process of extracting oxygen is from carbon dioxide, and you get carbon as a valuable byproduct too. Or jut pressurize the atmosphere up, then let plants do their weak photosynthesis, and voila, you get oxygen, on Mars.
Hey it beats putting a wind turbine into the vacuum of outer space with 0.000..001% Earth atmospheric pressure.
It's a good place to hide the elite people. Also meteorites in the meteorite belt past Mars can be used as disguised space stations, if you dig a hole in the middle of them. Great camouflage.
The real reason for underground caverns on Mars is to secretly hide elite people who will proliferate all over the Universe, and keep all the dumb ones down here, well, dumb. Then even in case of a nuclear catastrophy or global disease outbreak, all the dumb ones down here will disappear, together with a few smart ones as collateral damage, but the smart ones can come back and recolonize Earth again. The Moon is gravitationally locked to us, always showing the same face, else it would have tides in its crust that would slow its rotation, so that means there is another side of the Moon never visible from Earth, and you can leave the lights on outside at night on your secret Moonbase as none of the idiots from Earth will see it, except the Chinese sending a most detailed lunar mapping probe up, as latecomers to the space age, to scan for secret bases already there, if any, and then you really have to hide well and conceal your caves when your spies tell you the Chinese are coming and looking for you, hide mofos, hide well! And turn the fuckin lights off outside! As Mars is rotating, you can never leave the lights on outside of your caves, and somebody with a good telescope might see it from Earth.