Sure it isn't morality per se, but it is related to other people's morality. In other words, because other people (our customers/shareholders/the public) would consider this immoral, we won't do it - regardless of potential profit or legality. It also shows a thought towards long term profit vs short term - there's no point making a buck now if it puts us out of business in the future. I'm not saying it's not about making money in the end, but the OP was complaining about companies not looking to the future and being interested only in short term gains and staying within the letter of the law.
That's actually not universally true. I've sat in a lot of meetings with very senior, very well paid people (and their associated lawyers) and have heard them literally say "we wouldn't be breaking the law, but it wouldn't look good in the press". Many companies value their image and reputation extremely highly and doing something which leads to the company being embarassed, even if it's 100% legal, would be a firing offence.
My view would be that if you're in a situation where being able to pay the rent at the end of the month is not guaranteed, you shouldn't be freelancing and you can't afford to be picky about what languages you program in. Go get a boring full time job doing VB for a while if that's what it takes to build up some cash reserves before scratching that itch.
IMHO sales people make no difference whatsoever in traditional big box stores. When I have to shop at somewhere like Best Buy or CC I go wherever the sales people are least likely to actually talk to me as I just want to pickup what I want and get out. I do the vast majority of my shopping at Amazon and Newegg, who don't have any sales people - but they do have a LOT of very good managers.
I say fire all the sales people, stock the shelves and install self checkout machines. All you need is security.
Indeed. It's an unpopular opinion around here, but the truth is it's easy and cheap to hire sales droids and difficult and expensive to hire good management. Firms get sick for lots of reasons, it's not always just because the managers suck. The opinion here is obviously that as badly off as the company is, it'd be much worse if all the VPs left (which they would, if they're good enough to get a job elsewhere).
Say what you like about the others, but Blankfein (of GS) earned his money this year given that they made record profits vs most of their competitors losses.
The linux boxes are running trading systems, they're not fileservers. Hence, there's no need to integrate with Windows in the normal sense of the word. Yes these systems have UIs, and yes they usually run on Windows, but the client/server comms is probably running something like Tibco or MQS which is pretty platform independent.
Here's how it typically breaks down in a standard Wall St institution:
Desktops - XP Fileservers - NetApps, SAN, etc Mailservers - Exchange Web - Typically Apache or NES on Solaris or Linux, I've seen IIS as well in some places Webapps - ASP on IIS, or JSP on Tomcat/JBoss/Weblogic Trading, Market Data and other inhouse systems - Servers will be Solaris or Linux, apps developed typically in Java or C++. GUIs will usually be Swing, C++ or C#
You'll also be amazed at the amount of entirely in-house technology - I know places which have developed their own RDBMS, even their own programming languages just to get an edge over the competition.
From the quotes you give, the.NET stuff is used for market data publication. That's very different from the actual crossing engine etc that handles trades. I've yet to come across any banks or exchanges using anything other than Solaris or Linux for primary trading systems - servers that is, the GUIs are almost always running on windows.
How does "modern software/data file type bloat" account for the fact that a single image from my digital camera would need two of these drives? Oh right - it doesn't. The fact is that back then 4.4mb was plenty enough for any purpose that could be envisaged. People simply hadn't though of digital imaging, video or audio. Most of the spreadsheets or text documents on my HD are still in the 10's of kbytes whilst most of the FLAC or AVI files are in the 10's or 100's of mbytes. And this isn't because of inefficiency, current media-oriented data types are typically exceptionally space efficient (they have to be as people want to pull them over the net all the time).
I'm so fed up of people who cry about bloat all the time simply because hardware specs are going up when the reality is we do more with computers now than we used to. Or at least we can, if you're happy with a 80 column mono terminal and what it can do for you then that's great.
Doesn't display PDFs natively. No, but it can convert & display the content. Not a deal breaker for me, could be for some people.
Doesn't allow me to annotate on the page Yes it does. No pen input, correct, but the keyboard is there for a reason.
Can show web pages like wikipedia, yet doesn't allow me to browse. It does include a (very basic) browser. But this is _not_ an internet device, it's a book.
Doesn't support WiFi hotspots Doesn't need to.
600x800x1bit pixel resolution is terrible The screen is amazing (and it's 2 bit, not 1 bit). Any comparisons to LCD based screens are invalid because this is NOT an LCD. You'll understand when/if you see one in person - until then just lay off the Newton comments.
In short - it's not an "everything" device, it's a book that also has some other nice features that are book-related, such as a dictionary and built in book store. It doesn't browse the web as well as a laptop, but your laptop also does a much worse job of being a book.
In all fairness, in the PC world developers can have their software DRM and allow open garage development too...
The problem is that, as we all know, it doesn't work in the slightest. Any game released on the PC is available with a NoCD patch usually from day 1. You and I both dislike the whole closed system/"trusted" computing model, but the truth is that any kind of copy protection is defeatable in an open system. It sucks, but IMHO the commercial PC games market - already a shadow of it's former self - will implode entirely in the not too distant future. Games are amazingly expensive to create these days and the revenues on the PC platform won't support it given the rampant copying. What will take it's place will likely be the low cost, low budget indy games we're seeing more and more of, which is nice, but to be honest I like big flashy games:)
You could look at the bright side - I'd rather all the DRM etc stays on the consoles with the games rather than infecting my actual computer. One of the reasons I hardly game on the PC anymore is I got fed up with all the crap they spewed onto the machine to try and prevent piracy. Didn't work - just made me move over to consoles.
Agreed 100% with everything else you said. I'm hoping that XNA will expand into something even better over time.
The input need not be perfectly preserved: it doesn't need to be the "same as the source". For a Vorbis encoded audio file that is transparent, you would not be able to tell the difference between the FLAC version and the Vorbis version (perceptually indistinguishable). Yet the FLAC version is so much larger.
My point is that I might not be able to distinguish it, and you might not be able to, but someone else may be able to. There's simply no way to say that "no-one on earth under any circumstances will ever be able to distinguish these files" without them being actually identical. Transparent for you != transparent for me != transparent for everyone.
The Vorbis -q6 setting really is transparent for human listeners (try it sometime)
I have, I used -q6 for a long time before switching to FLAC. I wish I had switched earlier, I'm having to go back through my CDs reripping them, which is a PITA. At least I know I'll never have to do that again, another advantage of a lossless archive is that I can transcode to whatever the format du jour is without any generational loss. I actually keep a shadow copy of everything @ 128kbps mp3 for ipod listening (my trusty ogg-playing Karma gave up the ghost). As for -q6 being transparent, I can see lots of tests showing it's better than mp3, and "near transparent" and so on, but in my brief googling I couldn't find anything with a large sample set comparing -q6 to WAV and declaring them the same.
But, if I need to store 10,000 music files on my computer, I am going to use Vorbis rather than FLAC
Disk space is cheap (certainly compared to my time spent reripping). How much is a TB these days? Couple of hundred bucks? Given that 10,000 tracks probably represents > $10k worth of CDs, it's a drop in the ocean.
the quality difference between a transparent Vorbis encoded file and FLAC is zero
False, there's no such thing as a "transparent Vorbis encoded file". It's either the same as the source or it isn't. There may be files which you can't distinguish, and that's great, but that quality level will vary from person to person - hence the only universal definition of "transparent" is lossless.
But you are paying to use Skype, or is your internet connection free? All that's happened is you're paying in a different way (and, of course, you're paying a lot less). I still pay for phone service, as I don't know any way of getting a _reliable_, universal, free phone service legally. I only pay about $20 a month because of new technology making things cheaper, but I still pay and will continue to do so.
In the real world it costs money to make things. It costs money to record music - even if everyone involved will work for free (extremely unlikely), you still have to pay for equipment, studio time, network bandwidth, etc. So if no-one's paying for the end product where does the money come from? Seriously - where? Concerts? T-shirts? Don't make me laugh.
Back in the 80's you were a cheapskate leech. You still are, and most likely will continue to be. However, that doesn't make you superior to the rest of us who see the value of things and understand how the world works.
No, the problem is that once the box is cracked for other uses it will also be used for copied games - you might not use it for that but many others will. That's their primary revenue stream so it's pretty unreasonable to expect them to risk that to allow a very small percentage of users to install their own stuff.
If you want a PC next to your TV for playing movies or whatever then get one - you can certainly get something useful for the $400 the 360 costs (and it'll have a decent size HDD!). Otherwise, understand that when you buy a console you're buying a closed system, and no manufacturer is going to make it easy for you to do anything which could possibly hurt their control of that platform. For what it's worth, the stuff they're doing allowing homebrew games on the 360 is actually pretty neat and open minded of them, IMHO.
I remember the first actual web site I visited was http://www.shu.ac.uk/. I was with a friend in their CS lab using an early (early!) build of Mosaic on a black & white terminal sometime around 1993. I remember thinking "this will never take off" as I watched the page with it's single, grainy, image load in around 2 minutes (and this was from their LAN!). I was perfectly happy with gopher and *ahem* FSP.
I'm not really sure what you're complaining about here. The 360 will stream from any compatible upnp server. Tversity isn't a "hack", just a upnp server. I can stream videos from my desktop (or my server) just fine...no laptop required.
And as for your "There's no reason why the 360 couldn't act like a normal PC and just directly play media off my desktop hard drive" - what protocol would you like them to support? SMB? NFS? Personally I prefer upnp (although it's far from perfect) because it gives you different browsing models (like by Artist, Album etc) rather than just a file hierarchy.
When free60 finds a hole so they can run unsigned code, Microsoft patches the hole. Nooo! We can't have anyone violating our principle of control! Cunts.
Yeah, imagine that, they want people to actually pay for games.
Uh, yah. Try going to a number of so-called 'free' countries in Europe, like say, Germany. Or France. Or Great Britain. You think they don't collect information about you, your purpose in visiting, your destination, etc, for future reference? No, I don't think they don't, I know they don't. I regularly visit countries all over Europe and most of the border guards barely glance at my passport as I walk past. Entering the US, on the other hand, requires photos, fingerprints, a visa, and a (usually short) interview.
Yes, head out to Saudi Arabia and have fun being shut out of 1/2 the country, because it's Muslim-only You're assuming the OP isn't Muslim:) Anyway, care to provide a link regarding the "Muslim only" areas? Certainly the practise of other religons is prohibited over most of the country but that's hardly the same as restricting the movement of non-Muslims (indeed a large percentage of their population is non-Muslim according to wikipedia). I've travelled to many Muslim countries and never had any issues going wherever I wanted (as an Atheist) simply by showing the proper respect and adhering to their local customs.
Prepare to have any items they deem non-acceptable confiscated at the border.
Send us a postcard from Indonesia, where they'll kidnap you because you're white, and possibly have money to pay for a ransom.
Went to Indonesia, wasn't kidnapped. So it certainly isn't as commonplace as being fingerprinted in the US, which happens to me every time I go there. Anyway, you're comparing crime with government policy here - hardly apples & apples. There are plenty of US cities with high crime rates, and I'm sure many neighbourhoods where I'd be targetted due to my skin colour and perceived wealth.
Yah, thank you for showing us how ill-informed you are, you sanctimonious bag of shit.
As others have mentioned, eInk basically works like paper. The brighter the light, the easier it is to read. It's also much easier on the eyes than a traditional screen.
However, when it comes to reading traditional books I often find it hard to find a position that's comfortable for holding the book open and also turning the pages (this is particularly a problem in bed). Being able to hold the device stationary and just press a button with my thumb to advance is quite appealing.
What Linux support are you looking for? My understanding was that Kindle mounts as MSC if you hook up the USB (although, of course, most people will rarely need to hook it up at all).
If the data is really that important to you, then get a hard copy and put it in a bank vault. Paper books can be lost in just as many unlikely ways - besides the obvious fire or flood there's children & crayons, lending to people who don't return them, etc. Personally I'm kind of interested in getting a Kindle but I won't be using it for anything irreplacable - rather to save me lugging my usual 3 or 4 paper backs on vacations and business trips. If Amazon go bust (unlikely) and I somehow lose my entire collection of read-and-forget Tom Clancy novels, I think I'll survive.
Yeah, I mean heaven forbid tourists actually come and spend money at their tourist-related businesses. I can imagine they're so glad when all that money goes back where it came from! Then their hotels can be nice and empty like they should be.
"We can't write code that reliably moves a file between two points, but don't worry - you can rely on our brand spanking new magic backup solution to save you - it's bug free!"
Errr....yeah:) Smartass comments aside, I believe time machine only does things every hour or so, right? So still the potential for severe loss.
Sure it isn't morality per se, but it is related to other people's morality. In other words, because other people (our customers/shareholders/the public) would consider this immoral, we won't do it - regardless of potential profit or legality. It also shows a thought towards long term profit vs short term - there's no point making a buck now if it puts us out of business in the future. I'm not saying it's not about making money in the end, but the OP was complaining about companies not looking to the future and being interested only in short term gains and staying within the letter of the law.
That's actually not universally true. I've sat in a lot of meetings with very senior, very well paid people (and their associated lawyers) and have heard them literally say "we wouldn't be breaking the law, but it wouldn't look good in the press". Many companies value their image and reputation extremely highly and doing something which leads to the company being embarassed, even if it's 100% legal, would be a firing offence.
My view would be that if you're in a situation where being able to pay the rent at the end of the month is not guaranteed, you shouldn't be freelancing and you can't afford to be picky about what languages you program in. Go get a boring full time job doing VB for a while if that's what it takes to build up some cash reserves before scratching that itch.
IMHO sales people make no difference whatsoever in traditional big box stores. When I have to shop at somewhere like Best Buy or CC I go wherever the sales people are least likely to actually talk to me as I just want to pickup what I want and get out. I do the vast majority of my shopping at Amazon and Newegg, who don't have any sales people - but they do have a LOT of very good managers.
I say fire all the sales people, stock the shelves and install self checkout machines. All you need is security.
Indeed. It's an unpopular opinion around here, but the truth is it's easy and cheap to hire sales droids and difficult and expensive to hire good management. Firms get sick for lots of reasons, it's not always just because the managers suck. The opinion here is obviously that as badly off as the company is, it'd be much worse if all the VPs left (which they would, if they're good enough to get a job elsewhere).
Say what you like about the others, but Blankfein (of GS) earned his money this year given that they made record profits vs most of their competitors losses.
The linux boxes are running trading systems, they're not fileservers. Hence, there's no need to integrate with Windows in the normal sense of the word. Yes these systems have UIs, and yes they usually run on Windows, but the client/server comms is probably running something like Tibco or MQS which is pretty platform independent.
Here's how it typically breaks down in a standard Wall St institution:
Desktops - XP
Fileservers - NetApps, SAN, etc
Mailservers - Exchange
Web - Typically Apache or NES on Solaris or Linux, I've seen IIS as well in some places
Webapps - ASP on IIS, or JSP on Tomcat/JBoss/Weblogic
Trading, Market Data and other inhouse systems - Servers will be Solaris or Linux, apps developed typically in Java or C++. GUIs will usually be Swing, C++ or C#
You'll also be amazed at the amount of entirely in-house technology - I know places which have developed their own RDBMS, even their own programming languages just to get an edge over the competition.
From the quotes you give, the .NET stuff is used for market data publication. That's very different from the actual crossing engine etc that handles trades. I've yet to come across any banks or exchanges using anything other than Solaris or Linux for primary trading systems - servers that is, the GUIs are almost always running on windows.
How does "modern software/data file type bloat" account for the fact that a single image from my digital camera would need two of these drives? Oh right - it doesn't. The fact is that back then 4.4mb was plenty enough for any purpose that could be envisaged. People simply hadn't though of digital imaging, video or audio. Most of the spreadsheets or text documents on my HD are still in the 10's of kbytes whilst most of the FLAC or AVI files are in the 10's or 100's of mbytes. And this isn't because of inefficiency, current media-oriented data types are typically exceptionally space efficient (they have to be as people want to pull them over the net all the time).
I'm so fed up of people who cry about bloat all the time simply because hardware specs are going up when the reality is we do more with computers now than we used to. Or at least we can, if you're happy with a 80 column mono terminal and what it can do for you then that's great.
Doesn't display PDFs natively.
No, but it can convert & display the content. Not a deal breaker for me, could be for some people.
Doesn't allow me to annotate on the page
Yes it does. No pen input, correct, but the keyboard is there for a reason.
Can show web pages like wikipedia, yet doesn't allow me to browse.
It does include a (very basic) browser. But this is _not_ an internet device, it's a book.
Doesn't support WiFi hotspots
Doesn't need to.
600x800x1bit pixel resolution is terrible
The screen is amazing (and it's 2 bit, not 1 bit). Any comparisons to LCD based screens are invalid because this is NOT an LCD. You'll understand when/if you see one in person - until then just lay off the Newton comments.
In short - it's not an "everything" device, it's a book that also has some other nice features that are book-related, such as a dictionary and built in book store. It doesn't browse the web as well as a laptop, but your laptop also does a much worse job of being a book.
Sounds quite a lot like Java WebStart but with more visual bells & whistles. Not that that's a bad thing...
In all fairness, in the PC world developers can have their software DRM and allow open garage development too...
:)
The problem is that, as we all know, it doesn't work in the slightest. Any game released on the PC is available with a NoCD patch usually from day 1. You and I both dislike the whole closed system/"trusted" computing model, but the truth is that any kind of copy protection is defeatable in an open system. It sucks, but IMHO the commercial PC games market - already a shadow of it's former self - will implode entirely in the not too distant future. Games are amazingly expensive to create these days and the revenues on the PC platform won't support it given the rampant copying. What will take it's place will likely be the low cost, low budget indy games we're seeing more and more of, which is nice, but to be honest I like big flashy games
You could look at the bright side - I'd rather all the DRM etc stays on the consoles with the games rather than infecting my actual computer. One of the reasons I hardly game on the PC anymore is I got fed up with all the crap they spewed onto the machine to try and prevent piracy. Didn't work - just made me move over to consoles.
Agreed 100% with everything else you said. I'm hoping that XNA will expand into something even better over time.
The input need not be perfectly preserved: it doesn't need to be the "same as the source". For a Vorbis encoded audio file that is transparent, you would not be able to tell the difference between the FLAC version and the Vorbis version (perceptually indistinguishable). Yet the FLAC version is so much larger.
My point is that I might not be able to distinguish it, and you might not be able to, but someone else may be able to. There's simply no way to say that "no-one on earth under any circumstances will ever be able to distinguish these files" without them being actually identical. Transparent for you != transparent for me != transparent for everyone.
The Vorbis -q6 setting really is transparent for human listeners (try it sometime)
I have, I used -q6 for a long time before switching to FLAC. I wish I had switched earlier, I'm having to go back through my CDs reripping them, which is a PITA. At least I know I'll never have to do that again, another advantage of a lossless archive is that I can transcode to whatever the format du jour is without any generational loss. I actually keep a shadow copy of everything @ 128kbps mp3 for ipod listening (my trusty ogg-playing Karma gave up the ghost). As for -q6 being transparent, I can see lots of tests showing it's better than mp3, and "near transparent" and so on, but in my brief googling I couldn't find anything with a large sample set comparing -q6 to WAV and declaring them the same.
But, if I need to store 10,000 music files on my computer, I am going to use Vorbis rather than FLAC
Disk space is cheap (certainly compared to my time spent reripping). How much is a TB these days? Couple of hundred bucks? Given that 10,000 tracks probably represents > $10k worth of CDs, it's a drop in the ocean.
You missed one...
flac > ogg > mp3 > aac >= wma
the quality difference between a transparent Vorbis encoded file and FLAC is zero
False, there's no such thing as a "transparent Vorbis encoded file". It's either the same as the source or it isn't. There may be files which you can't distinguish, and that's great, but that quality level will vary from person to person - hence the only universal definition of "transparent" is lossless.
But you are paying to use Skype, or is your internet connection free? All that's happened is you're paying in a different way (and, of course, you're paying a lot less). I still pay for phone service, as I don't know any way of getting a _reliable_, universal, free phone service legally. I only pay about $20 a month because of new technology making things cheaper, but I still pay and will continue to do so.
In the real world it costs money to make things. It costs money to record music - even if everyone involved will work for free (extremely unlikely), you still have to pay for equipment, studio time, network bandwidth, etc. So if no-one's paying for the end product where does the money come from? Seriously - where? Concerts? T-shirts? Don't make me laugh.
Back in the 80's you were a cheapskate leech. You still are, and most likely will continue to be. However, that doesn't make you superior to the rest of us who see the value of things and understand how the world works.
No, the problem is that once the box is cracked for other uses it will also be used for copied games - you might not use it for that but many others will. That's their primary revenue stream so it's pretty unreasonable to expect them to risk that to allow a very small percentage of users to install their own stuff.
If you want a PC next to your TV for playing movies or whatever then get one - you can certainly get something useful for the $400 the 360 costs (and it'll have a decent size HDD!). Otherwise, understand that when you buy a console you're buying a closed system, and no manufacturer is going to make it easy for you to do anything which could possibly hurt their control of that platform. For what it's worth, the stuff they're doing allowing homebrew games on the 360 is actually pretty neat and open minded of them, IMHO.
I remember the first actual web site I visited was http://www.shu.ac.uk/. I was with a friend in their CS lab using an early (early!) build of Mosaic on a black & white terminal sometime around 1993. I remember thinking "this will never take off" as I watched the page with it's single, grainy, image load in around 2 minutes (and this was from their LAN!). I was perfectly happy with gopher and *ahem* FSP.
I'm not really sure what you're complaining about here. The 360 will stream from any compatible upnp server. Tversity isn't a "hack", just a upnp server. I can stream videos from my desktop (or my server) just fine...no laptop required.
And as for your "There's no reason why the 360 couldn't act like a normal PC and just directly play media off my desktop hard drive" - what protocol would you like them to support? SMB? NFS? Personally I prefer upnp (although it's far from perfect) because it gives you different browsing models (like by Artist, Album etc) rather than just a file hierarchy.
When free60 finds a hole so they can run unsigned code, Microsoft patches the hole. Nooo! We can't have anyone violating our principle of control! Cunts.
Yeah, imagine that, they want people to actually pay for games.
Uh, yah. Try going to a number of so-called 'free' countries in Europe, like say, Germany. Or France. Or Great Britain.
:) Anyway, care to provide a link regarding the "Muslim only" areas? Certainly the practise of other religons is prohibited over most of the country but that's hardly the same as restricting the movement of non-Muslims (indeed a large percentage of their population is non-Muslim according to wikipedia). I've travelled to many Muslim countries and never had any issues going wherever I wanted (as an Atheist) simply by showing the proper respect and adhering to their local customs.
You think they don't collect information about you, your purpose in visiting, your destination, etc, for future reference?
No, I don't think they don't, I know they don't. I regularly visit countries all over Europe and most of the border guards barely glance at my passport as I walk past. Entering the US, on the other hand, requires photos, fingerprints, a visa, and a (usually short) interview.
Yes, head out to Saudi Arabia and have fun being shut out of 1/2 the country, because it's Muslim-only
You're assuming the OP isn't Muslim
Prepare to have any items they deem non-acceptable confiscated at the border.
Wow, customs controls. How unusual.
Send us a postcard from Indonesia, where they'll kidnap you because you're white, and possibly have money to pay for a ransom.
Went to Indonesia, wasn't kidnapped. So it certainly isn't as commonplace as being fingerprinted in the US, which happens to me every time I go there. Anyway, you're comparing crime with government policy here - hardly apples & apples. There are plenty of US cities with high crime rates, and I'm sure many neighbourhoods where I'd be targetted due to my skin colour and perceived wealth.
Yah, thank you for showing us how ill-informed you are, you sanctimonious bag of shit.
No, thank you!
As others have mentioned, eInk basically works like paper. The brighter the light, the easier it is to read. It's also much easier on the eyes than a traditional screen.
However, when it comes to reading traditional books I often find it hard to find a position that's comfortable for holding the book open and also turning the pages (this is particularly a problem in bed). Being able to hold the device stationary and just press a button with my thumb to advance is quite appealing.
What Linux support are you looking for? My understanding was that Kindle mounts as MSC if you hook up the USB (although, of course, most people will rarely need to hook it up at all).
If the data is really that important to you, then get a hard copy and put it in a bank vault. Paper books can be lost in just as many unlikely ways - besides the obvious fire or flood there's children & crayons, lending to people who don't return them, etc. Personally I'm kind of interested in getting a Kindle but I won't be using it for anything irreplacable - rather to save me lugging my usual 3 or 4 paper backs on vacations and business trips. If Amazon go bust (unlikely) and I somehow lose my entire collection of read-and-forget Tom Clancy novels, I think I'll survive.
Yeah, I mean heaven forbid tourists actually come and spend money at their tourist-related businesses. I can imagine they're so glad when all that money goes back where it came from! Then their hotels can be nice and empty like they should be.
"We can't write code that reliably moves a file between two points, but don't worry - you can rely on our brand spanking new magic backup solution to save you - it's bug free!"
:) Smartass comments aside, I believe time machine only does things every hour or so, right? So still the potential for severe loss.
Errr....yeah