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Correct but they don't encrypt it because it becomes too much of pain to deliver and update the encryption keys. Most line units when I was deployed never used the military assigned GPS (pluggers ) because they are huge,required special batteries and horrible interface. Nothing like being in the shit and trying to drag around a GPS unit the size of brick and having to update GPS Comsec .
http://www.armystudyguide.com/content/powerpoint/plugger/anpsn11-plgr-tutorial-2.shtmlhttp://news.slashdot.org/story/11/12/15/2013249/us-sentinel-drone-fooled-into-landing-with-gps-spoofing#

Like standard issue M-4s using 5.56 ammunition, with an effective range of roughly 300 yards being used in Afghanistan

You clearly don't know what you're talking about. First off, the Army standard issue weapon is the M16A2. Some Army units and most marine units carry the M4. On top of that, none of the military rifles are ranged in yards. They're all ranged in meters. In fact, the Marines are required to qualify in their rifle at targets up to 500m away. And for the biggest mistake of them all:
Describe the ranges for the M16/A2 Rifle.
Maximum Range - 3,600 meters
Max Effective Range for a Point Target - 550 meters
Max Effective Range for an Area Target - 800 meters
Describe the ranges for the M4 Rifle.
Maximum Range - 3,600 meters
Max Effective Range for a Point Target - 500 meters
Max Effective Range for an Area Target - 600 meters
References: http://www.armystudyguide.com/content/army_board_study_guide_topics/m16a2/m16a2-study-guide.shtml
http://www.armystudyguide.com/content/army_board_study_guide_topics/m4/m4-study-guide.shtml

Like standard issue M-4s using 5.56 ammunition, with an effective range of roughly 300 yards being used in Afghanistan

You clearly don't know what you're talking about. First off, the Army standard issue weapon is the M16A2. Some Army units and most marine units carry the M4. On top of that, none of the military rifles are ranged in yards. They're all ranged in meters. In fact, the Marines are required to qualify in their rifle at targets up to 500m away. And for the biggest mistake of them all:
Describe the ranges for the M16/A2 Rifle.
Maximum Range - 3,600 meters
Max Effective Range for a Point Target - 550 meters
Max Effective Range for an Area Target - 800 meters
Describe the ranges for the M4 Rifle.
Maximum Range - 3,600 meters
Max Effective Range for a Point Target - 500 meters
Max Effective Range for an Area Target - 600 meters
References: http://www.armystudyguide.com/content/army_board_study_guide_topics/m16a2/m16a2-study-guide.shtml
http://www.armystudyguide.com/content/army_board_study_guide_topics/m4/m4-study-guide.shtml

The grid-based system you're thinking of has already been implemented for years as UTM, MGRS, and new USNG.

MGRS is used in many technologies familiar to ground troops, such as the PLGR, DAGR, and BFT.

MGRS is used for land-navigation, as described in the Armys FM 3-25.26.

MGRS coordinates are regularly used in common radio traffic, such as the MEDEVAC request, UXO/IED spot report, and call for fire.

Many consumer GPS devices support MGRS.

Obviously, you know nothing about the real military.

I was in the U.S. Army, and we do not do whatever we're told by our superiors "give or take". There's no give or take involved since the Vietnam War. I know you said "Professional soldiers", but we are talking about the U.S. military, not just any merc.

The U.S. Armed Forces Code of Conduct is taken very, very seriously by all of the members of the U.S. military. All U.S. soldiers are required to know it BY HEART and to understand every word of it, and it's impact on them as a modern soldier.

Read every word of it, since you obviously never have:

http://www.armystudyguide.com/content/army_board_s tudy_guide_topics/code_of_conduct/the-code-of-cond uct.shtml

Pay close attention to article 6: "I will never forget that I am an American, fighting for freedom, responsible for my actions, and dedicated to the principles which made my country free."

Every U.S. soldier is responsible for his own actions, not his superior who ordered him to do something illegal. A soldier who follows an order that is illegal or just plain wrong according to that soldier's morals is just as guilty as his superior who gave him that order.

The bottom line: Any U.S. soldier can refuse to carry out an order if he believes it is illegal, and that soldier's judgement of whether an order is illegal is governed by his own morals.

A robot has no morals, but if this Army robot is just a machine remote controlled by a U.S. soldier, then that soldier will be held accountable for any action by the robot, which is just an extension of him.

Given that freedom that every U.S. soldier has to evaluate the orders they are given, there will still be incidents where soldiers with bad or no morals do horrible things when carrying out their orders.

But, how is it any different when a U.S. citizen decides to take an automatic weapon to a school to gun down a couple of dozen kids?

It all comes down to the morals of the indvidual, regardless of whether the person is a U.S. citizen or soldier. U.S. soldiers are no better or worse than the average U.S. citizen.

SAW: 85 rounds per minute

M240: 100 rounds per minute

M60: 100 rounds per minute

M-16: 15 rounds per minute (the M-16 has no replacement barrel, and isn't as heavy as the other barrels, so it can't be used as much.)

As a final bit of trivia from the US Army Study Guide, I found that the M-60 barrel should be changed every minute when used at the cyclic (max) rate of fire of 550 rounds per minute. I would guess you could get 2 minutes at this rate before overheating became a serious issue. So in an emergency, you could have 1100 rounds in 2 minutes, with each round going through 1-4 people depending on how it hit.

Moral of the story: Machine guns massacre people who are standing in lines (or cavalry) - read up on World War I to see how bloody the transition to modern warfare was.

the original version is still used by the US military

Looks like the same version to me.

Although, actually, I don't recall ever saying the pledge in any version during my military service. I recall an enlistment oath, and standing at attention every morning and evening for the playing of the national anthem and the flag ceremony, but no pledge. I have a poor memory, though...

I don't think the Convention imposes a duty to escape. :) It does recognize that most nations expect escape attempts of their soldiers. "The Geneva Convention recognized that a POW may have the duty to attempt escape. In fact, the Geneva Convention prohibits a captor nation from executing a POW simply for attempt escape. Under the authority of the senior official (often called the senior ranking officer, or "SRO") a POW must be prepared to escape whenever the opportunity presents itself. In a POW compound, the senior POW must consider the welfare of those remaining behind after an escape. However, as a matter of conscious determination, a POW must plan to escape, try to escape, and assist others to escape."

He was imprisoned in Phoenix, so he didn't have far to go to reach Arizona. If you look at the link he almost made in to Mexico. One lesser known detail of the war is that the Japanese had been making overtures to the Mexican gov't -- I think they went went with the U.S.

Yeah, I've heard about the Aleutians -- but does it count? Alaska wasn't even a state. Also, did we ever challenge them? I imagine we had more pressing concerns, like gaining territory we could use to launch bombing raids Japan. The Japanese invaded various U.S. possessions (and a lot of other stuff) in the Pacific, too. (What were the Phillipines at that point? MacArthur was already there when they invaded.)