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SEC Settles Microsoft Accounting Investigation

guttentag writes "The Securities and Exchange Commission has wrapped up its two-year investigation into Microsoft's accounting practices. The investigation focused on "cookie jar" accounting practices in which a company reports that it earned less money than it actually did, secretly storing the unreported money to artificially boost earnings in the future. The SEC called off its investigation in exchange for Microsoft's promise that it will not break the rules in the future, though the company is not admitting that it broke rules in the past. Microsoft publicly states that it has $40 Billion on hand." Gates realized a long time ago that regardless of actual performance, if you "beat estimates" people will buy your stock. So, he's arranging it so that no matter what the actual performance is, Microsoft always "beats estimates". If your analyst estimate is low 61 out of 63 times, either A) you need a new analyst or B) someone is feeding the analyst bad numbers. In this case, probably both.

17 of 277 comments (clear)

  1. um.... by Lag+Master · · Score: 1, Insightful

    isn't that fraud? sounds like the irs should pay microsoft a visit....

  2. Welcome to the world of Income Smoothing by Silver222 · · Score: 5, Insightful
    And before we crucify MS, every single public company does it. Investors and analysts don't like crazy up and down profits. They like the earnings line chart to climb up like a ramp if possible, and since that is what they like, companies will try to give it to them.


    The real bad guys here are probably the auditors, since they are supposed to find stuff like this and make sure it doesn't happen. People in the know are aware that audited financial statements are just bullshit backed up by a promise that means just about nothing. There is still good info in there, you just need to really read between the lines and pay attention to what the company does not have on the balance sheet.

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  3. It's all Politics by Taco+Cowboy · · Score: 1, Insightful



    It's a sad day that the SEC has succumbed to political pressure from the Bush administration.

    The SEC, like all alphabetical soup organizations (IRS, FBI and the forth) were set up to serve NOT the gummint, but rather, to serve IN THE INTERST OF THE PEOPLE.

    The principal function of SEC is to make that the corporations don't CHEAT the public, whether through mirky accounting practices or through underhanded manipulation of (stocks, cash, influences, et cetera) and in this case, the SEC has capitulated under pressure from George W. Bush administration.

    It is a SAD, SAD day.

    We had Enron fiasco, and I thought we had learn some lesson from that, but it looks like well ... the only lesson learned is that we have a president like George W. Bush who has no intention to serve the public.

    Sad, really sad.

    The only consolation is that I did NOT vote for Bush.

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  4. Justice is served? Maybe on a plate. by Inoshiro · · Score: 3, Insightful

    "The SEC called off its investigation in exchange for Microsoft's promise that it will not break the rules in the future,"

    Compare: Ok, Mr Dalhmer, we'll not look into the funny smell if you promise not to kill and eat anymore people, while keeping other parts of them for sexual "funning."

    See, in the country I live in, we usually prosecute entities (people, companies) when they break the law. We don't just say, "well, don't do it again."

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  5. Ilegal but by asv108 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Most corporations usually don't have the luxury of beating estimates with large unreported cash reserves. In a twisted way this showcases the strength of Microsoft's business model giving them the ability to ride out the hard times. If I was a shareholder, I would approve so therefore Microsoft is doing what any good corporation should do, increase shareholder value. Obviously the risks of legal action do not outweigh the benefits for the company so in a sense this is just a good business strategy.

    1. Re:Ilegal but by drfrank · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Oh, my. This just comes off as very naive.

      Now, the points:

        • Yes, but the assumption that is made when a company increases shareholder value is that the company is actually doing something that increases the gdp of the entire country.
        • No one that knows anything about capitalism and/or the Stock Market makes this assumption. If MS makes SQL Server 21.3% spiffier than ORACLE, and as a result steals 21.3% of ORACLE's market share while not growing the market at all, MS has increased its sales, and decreased the sales of ORACLE. Now, if as a result of this ORACLE's stock drops 5% and MS's rises 5%, MS has just increased shareholder value while not affecting the GDP. Duh.
        • shareholders should reward that kind of thing.
        • "Should"? Shareholders "should" invest their money in whatever gets them the best return, if they know what's good for them. Or maybe they "should" just give me all their money. Yeah.
        • You end up with one person getting rich by selling high valued stock, while another person (who buys that stock) gets poor.
        • Yeah, that sucks. Maybe we should switch to some kind of "communal" system where everyone earns exactly the same wage, no matter what job they do. And the "Central Government" can decide who does what particular job.
        • I would suggest that we as a society demand that people play by the rules.
        • The rules which society expects it's members to obey are called laws, and there're reasons that the idealistic principles you're talking about aren't on the books.

      In summary, I recommend picking up a book on Macroeconomics, or catching the excellent "Commanding Heights" series on PBS, in order to reacquaint yourself with Capitalism. Capitalism "works" (to what extent is arguable), because it expects people to act selfishly. And there's just no stopping that.

    2. Re:Ilegal but by kmellis · · Score: 5, Insightful
      "Capitalism 'works' (to what extent is arguable), because it expects people to act selfishly. And there's just no stopping that."
      Exactly. And that's why a functional market requires a mininum level of regulation to assure that a selfish agent is unable to subvert the market.

      Capitalism does not glorify "selfishness"; and an understanding of macroeconomics and the benefits of free markets does not require that selfishness be elevated to a virtue.

      Rather, capitalism elevates rational self-interest as a fundamental principle. Rational self-interest allows--requires--some level of enforcement of the rule of law such that less rational people are prevented from literally and metaphorically hitting other people over the head with a rock and stealing their sheep. Rational self-interested agents support the rule of law because they recognize the fundamental benefit of markets: the principle of comparative advantage. Stealing is zero-sum, comparative advantage is not.

      You might ought to learn a bit more about macroeconomics. Let's take the counter-example you offered. It had to do with one company taking market share from another, and your contention was that this doesn't represent an increase in productivity. No? Well, you're wrong.

      Theoretically, there is an increase in productivity because the consumers--presumed to be rational self-interested agents--evaluated one vendor as being superior to the other. The only reason the market works at all is because, collectively, these judgments are usually correct. If company A is making a superior product to company B, then switching resources to the production of company A's widget necessarily represents a gain in productivity. Whatever that extra value is that the consumer recognized is present when it otherwise would not have been present.

      We have markets for all sorts of things, and this is because they tend to work significantly better than any designed process. This is true in capital--thus, the securities markets--in international capital flows--the currencies markets (although there's good reason to believe that the currency markets are flawed at present)--and others. In the case of capital, theoretically, your capital investment will only show a return if that investment has generated wealth. In reality, there are speculative bubbles and whatnot that mean that people can, and do, generate large returns on investment where there was no actual wealth generated. But that doesn't mean that it is rational for an investor to make investment decisions independent of real corporate value--because, on average, it's necessarily the case that the market punishes faux wealth creation and rewards genuine wealth creation. Otherwise, we'd all be broke by now.

      If you're an investor and you believe that you can predict the short-term false and longer-term-but-false valuation changes, then, hey, go for it. But not only are you less likely to be right than wrong, even if you're right your trading strategy would only be effective until the market incorporated it and cancels it out. So, if you're a gambler--and a certain kind of investor is a gambler--then you'll think that it makes sense to invest outside the context of fundamentals (which ultimately represents wealth creation or destruction). In contrast, if you have any sense, you'll ultimately look for actual wealth creation or destruction to evaluate your investment decisions. Just like you would if you were investing in your brother's bakery.

      Market economics is a good thing because it works. It creates wealth where there was no wealth before, and as a general rule everyone benefits from this. (Certainly that's true in contrast to mere wealth redistribution.) That's why it's revered and promoted. Not because it makes sense to elevate simple selfishness to some grand moral principle. That way of thinking is that of the Market Cultists, and they're down the hall, in the padded room with the Objectivists.

    3. Re:Ilegal but by Alsee · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Enron...Microsoft... BIG difference

      I think you'll agree they both lied about their finances. If you want to say Microsoft didn't cook-the-books as bad as Enron, fine. Enron is the current current poster-child for corporations lying about finances. That makes it the natural comparison to make.

      My point was that corporations lying about their finances is illegal for good reason. Lying about your finances = BadThing.

      It may smooth market fluctuations, but it is an illusion. Not only does the illusion hide dips, it hides genuine growth. The moment you run out of hidden reserves the dip gets multiplied into a crash. When executives see a crash coming they are likely to use desperate measures to maintain the illusion. Maintaining the illusion becomes more and more costly, until there's nothing left to canniblize. The result is Enron.

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  6. Re:The $40 billion fallacy by line-bundle · · Score: 2, Insightful
    People seem to forget that Microsoft is a publically traded company. All of that $40 billion is owned, not by microsoft, but by the shareholders.

    If Microsoft stock starts to go down, and people panic and sell their stock, that $40 billion evaporates. As that $40 billion disappears, their stock will drop even faster, and more people will sell.

    You do not understand how stocks work. The 40 billion really is there and has nothing to do with the stock. Stock prices can drop to zero, but that forty-bill will still be there.

    If people panic then they will sell stocks to each other. Microsoft is under absolutely NO obligation to buy those stocks. If it (microsoft) wants to buy the stocks then it will make a public announcement of a buyback.

  7. Re:Link not usable in Opera by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

    > And if you don't know how to change your browser information to deal with sites like that, you really shouldn't be using Opera.

    No, the point is not to support sites that do browser checking with my hits. I want to read the article from a different place, not change the browser ID & reward 'em.

  8. same old story by frovingslosh · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Nothing new here, just another case of Microsoft doing something wrong and the resolution to the problem is that nothing happens to them. And when they get caught doing it again, nothing will happen then either. Funny it doesn't work that way if I get caught.

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  9. Re:Analysts are the ultimate sheep! by cpeterso · · Score: 3, Insightful


    Don't forget to mention that "analysts" upgrade a company when they want to "pump up" a stock so one of their firm's big clients can sell high.

  10. Can I do that too? by Bobzibub · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Can I lie to my bank or the taxman and pay no penalty if I promise (when caught) not to do it again in future? Pleeeeeeeeease???? Just this once!!!!!!

    Life must be sweet.
    -b

  11. Re:Justice is served? Maybe on a plate. by Erbo · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Somebody from the SEC ought to have asked the people who got the consent decree out of Microsoft in its first antitrust case just how reliable Microsoft is at keeping its promises. Expect another SEC investigation in a couple of years or so.

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  12. Collaborate or Cooperate? by gi-tux · · Score: 2, Insightful
    "We always collaborate fully with the SEC and take our accounting very seriously,"
    I like this statement made by Microsoft. I believe they really meant what they said also. They thought that most folks wouldn't pick up on the slight difference between collaborate and cooperate. Just goes to show you what you can do when you are a monopoly that the government fears. What we need is a good trust-busting president. Someone not afraid to stand up to Bill Gates and crew and let them know that it is time to quite walking on the American people.
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  13. Re:SEC Stupid or Corrupt? by Bob9113 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    If the SEC had no case, would Microsoft have accepted the cease and desist? Don't you think Microsoft sees a lot of value right now in being granted carte blanche in a federal case? Wouldn't that provide Microsoft with some much needed ammunition for use in their "we're being oppressed" campaign?

    I would submit that what actually occured is closer to your reason number 2, though tainted with reason number 3: Corruption (surely you don't deny that corruption does exist, at least in theory if not in this specific case). To wit:

    The SEC sees that Microsoft will invest an enormous amount of money into it's defense. Therefore, the SEC will have to invest comparable resources to make the case. Instead they succumb to the siren song from the Bush administration: "Drop this thing, it's a no-win situation, the DoJ is already putting Microsoft in their place." The SEC weighs it's options: 1. Pursue the case at huge expense and disappoint the President - potentially winning nothing more than a cease and desist. 2. Put on the blinders and issue the cease and desist - keep repeating, "this time they'll play by the rules" to yourself until you believe it - or at least until you can get to sleep.

    Bear in mind I'm not talking about corruption in the snidely whiplash twisting his mustache and handing over a satchel with a dollar sign on the side sense. That sort of corruption is far more rare than some /.ers would have us believe. I am talking about corruption of the type I just mentioned. The "what will George's reaction be next time if I don't do what he wants this time?" kind of corruption - the "if Microsoft isn't here to support me next time, will I have any friends at all?" kind of corruption. Bending with the wind so that you can save your strength for the next battle (and never reaching the battle that is worth fighting). Maybe this isn't even corruption so much as it is weakness, but it is clearly born of friendships and knowing which side your bread is buttered on, and it is surely not in the public interest.

  14. Re:Analysts are not entitled to correct informatio by kadehje · · Score: 3, Insightful
    If your analyst estimate is low 61 out of 63 times, either A) you need a new analyst or B) someone is feeding the analyst bad numbers. In this case, probably both.


    I think this is the key statement in the story post. There is corruption EVERYWHERE in the finance industry. This includes the government, corporate management bodies, and the people (both in the media and the private finance industry) that make money off of reporting on companies and the government.

    Enron is by far not the only company with a corrupt management that artificially inflated their numbers throughout the late '90s and early 2000's. It just happens to be the first company to get caught by the national media red-handed. Nearly every failed dot-com with a successful IPO did the same things Enron did, such as under-reporting liabilities by giving much of their compensation in stock options and B.S.-ing about projected billions of future revenues from customers that would never exist. Other more traditional companies like Xerox and Polaroid have also been caught doing the same sort book-cooking. If it had turned out that Microsoft was not engaging in such accounting tricks, Microsoft's board would clearly be in the small minority of the Fortune 500 in that regard.

    The government, both under the Clinton and Bush administrations, did virtually nothing to reform regulations that were being exploited legally but unethically by corporations around the U.S. and also virtually nothing to punish those executives engaging in insider trading and other practices that have been illegal for decades. Had the government stepped in and set some reasonable rules, the boom of the late 90's would have been much more reasonable in scope (Dow 11K and Nasdaq 5K would never have happened, but the gains in stock prices would have still been substantial and, most importantly, justified) and we'd still be in very good economic situation now. Unfortunately, the watchdogs were either sleeping or put to bed (by some well-placed "bones" if you get my drift), and did not attack the biggest ripoffs since the late 1920's that the U.S. stock market has seen.

    And the media and the analysts glorified everything that was going on. Back in 1998 and 1999, I was shocked at how many companies' stocks had been given "strong buy" upgrades AFTER A RISE of 20, 30, even 50 percent in the previous month or two. WTF? Any person with a modicum of experience in the market would take such a dramatic increase as an opportunity to cash in a portion of his/her holding in that stock for short-term gain or to stand pat if the holding was for a long term investment. To do as these analysts were suggesting would be essentially refusing to pay $10 for something because it's overpriced, but to buy two of that thing when its manufacture raises the prices to $20. In fact, it has been alleged that some analysts were in fact trading against their recommendations, upgrading stocks that they wanted to take profits on and downgrading stocks that they themselves had wished to accumulate.

    As the saying goes, "you can fool all of the people some of the time, some of the people all of the time, but not all of the people all of the time." The "some" time in the first part of that statement began to end in the spring of 2000, and many more woke up following the Enron debacle. Only now are we beginning to understand how broken the regulatory structure necessary for a successful, mostly capitalist (but obviously not pure capitalism) was in the U.S. in the 1990's. Just like it wasn't until after 1900 Americans didn't understand why having an economy dominated by a few "Robber Barons" was bad, or not until the 1930's was it known why having a market based on uninsured banks and buying stocks on margin was bad. Many of the flaws in the U.S. financial system WILL be fixed. At some point, the American people will not accept anything but a good-faith effort to correct these problems. At first, the existing government will be given a year or two to make the required changes. After that, people will begin to demand a "New Deal" and clean house on Capitol Hill. If things don't change significantly by early 2004, the voters will bust out the brooms in November of that year.

    However, it is likely that we will endure another period of economic ugliness like we did in the 70s before things brighten signficantly. It took nine years (1973-82) for the U.S. to determine a successful course of action after the end of the Vietnam War required the nation to turn away from a largely military-industrial economy to one better suited for a peacetime environment. My guess is that it will take until at least 2006 or 2007 for the U.S. economy to rationally handle the changes effected by the so-called Information Revolution and prosper again. Things won't be horrible between now and then (barring any further Sept. 11-scale or greater terrorist attacks), but they probably won't be peachy either.

    People have rightly questioned the integrity of the entire financial system and are waiting for things to improve before increasing their commitments to it. As a matter of fact, the U.S. is the last major market in the world that has been challenged by investors: while Japan, Europe, and later Latin American and southeast Asia floundered, people flocked to the U.S. believing that our system was infallible. It was not, and never will be infallible, though it has been and will become much more sound than it is today. As the next couple of years unfold, people will gradually learn what the biggest reasons for the unsustainable bubble and subsequent bust were and proceed to try to correct them. After that, people will begin to regain faith in the market, they will begin to realize that current valuations of stocks are by-and-large reasonable again, and the U.S. economy will begin to poke its head out of the clouds.

    The stench of corruption right now is everywhere. We're just going to have to give ourselves a while for it to subside.