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Brain Privacy

sleepyrobot writes "As neuroscience advances and brain scans become more sophisticated, the Boston Globe points out that some privacy advocates are concerned about brain privacy. Could employees be scanned for violent or depressive impulses? Could soldiers be screened for homosexuality? It sounds like a Philip K. Dick vision of the future, but some predict this will be a bigger ethical issue than genetics."

27 of 409 comments (clear)

  1. This is scary, or is it just over-reaction? by Blaine+Hilton · · Score: 5, Interesting
    Now this is a rather disturbing article. I've always thought it was something that people can check out brain function and all of that, however I never thought off it as being a privacy concern. This article though brings up some interesting points. Such as having brain scans be a condition to being hired, much like a drug test of today. This at first seems shocking, but it is commonly accepted to take a drug test without any objections. With the heightened security concerns around the globe I believe people, as a whole are willing to work towards a "more secure" future.

    The problem I see though is people are not thinking broad enough. Technologies such as this can be used on a large scale against humanity. I believe the consequences of such abilities need to be addressed in a uniform manner, without always talking about the terrorists that will kill us all anyway. How far will society let the security over take our lives? I for one do not want to end up living in a military state where every body that does not have blonde hair, blue eyes, and a perfect attitude is destroyed. Do you?

    Go calculate something

    1. Re:This is scary, or is it just over-reaction? by RatBastard · · Score: 5, Insightful

      You want to test my blood/urine/etc... for drugs? Get a search warrant or get the hell out. My body is more private than my house. People put up with random/compulsery drug tests because they have been brainwashed by the whole "War on Drugs" debacle that it is a Good Thing to test people with no Probable Cause whatsoever.

      Brain scanning like this, combined with genetic testing will create a tiered populous with those deemd "fit" (and deemed by who, exactly?) at the top, and the great unwashed masses at the bottom.

      It seems almost inevitable that humanity keeps trying to organize itself into the lords and the serfs.

      --
      Boobies never hurt anyone. - Sherry Glaser.
  2. Frightening by beatniklew · · Score: 5, Insightful

    The part that makes this the most frightening is that we've seen recently how far people are willing to go if they think that security is at hand. The Patriot Act and Patriot II (return of the civil liberty abuses), both passed with widespread support, just because people were scared. With the right amount of fear, this technology will not only be allowed, but mandated in usage to screen for "potential security risks"

  3. irony by Joe+the+Lesser · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Could soldiers be screened for homosexuality?

    I always find it ironic that technologies created by open-mindedness have to ability to empower the narrow-minded.

    --
    "I only speak the truth"
    Karma: null(Mostly affected by an unassigned variable)
    1. Re:irony by TGK · · Score: 4, Insightful

      In the early summer of 371 BC the two great armies of Ancient Greece met on the plain of Luctra.

      The Spartan army that day numbered some 11,000 men, claiming a heritage stretching back hundreds of years. Glory upon glory enshrouded this fighting force, the decendents of the famous 300 and heirs to the legacy of Thermopylae.

      Across the plain from them stood the Thebian army. Only 6,000 stong, the Thebians were acutely aware of the overwhelming numerical superiority of their enemy.

      In the moments before the crucial clash of arms, Epaminandos, general of the Thebian Army, called "The Sacred Band" to hold a position usualy reserved for cannon fodder: face to face with the Spartan Elite. The Band consisted of 300 highly trained shock troops. Against them stood nearly 600 of Sparta's best.

      But the Thebians held a key advantage. Hoplite warfare relies heavily on the defence of those on the flanks, as well as the defence of the individual, to maintain the integrity of the unit. Here the Thebian system was superior. The Sacred Band was comprised, not simply of 300 shock troops, but of 150 pairs of homosexual lovers. These men were willing to fight and die for each other, not only because it benefited the unit as a whole, but because of the deeper bonds between them.

      When the sun set on Luctra that day it set upon the aftermath of the Thebian victory. The Spartan army had been crushed by a smaller force and forced to request a truce. In the years following Luctra, Spartan military power would be shattered forever.

      While I don't argue that sexual tension in our military can be a problem, I object to the idea that is MUST be a problem. Speaking as a historian I belive the problems in our military associated with sex and sexuality do not derive from having people sexualy attracted serving together, but rather the way we deal with that circumstance. The Thebians turned it into an advantage. They were not the first, nor the last.

      --
      Killfile(TGK)
      No trees were killed in the creation of this post. However, many electrons were inconvenienced.
  4. Uh Oh by theBraindonor · · Score: 4, Funny

    Now my boss will know how burned-out and disgruntled I have become... I'm so screwed...

  5. THis is already being done, to a certan degree. by Unknown+Poltroon · · Score: 3, Interesting

    REad the book out ther "profiler" I think thats the name. HEs one of the guys who works out the psychologal profile of wanted murders and serial killers. He basically claims that he can tell who a serial killer is just by the fact that they follow his profile.

    Its getting to the point where any variaton from the median of society is being seen as wrong, or a disease. Speaking as an outlier, fuck you.

    --
    All Troll + "offtopic" mods are meta moderated as "Unfair", because you abused the system.
  6. It's a lot easier,,, by DeepDarkSky · · Score: 3, Insightful

    to figure out what is going on in someone's head by looking at the things that the person does or say, the external manifestations of a person's thoughts. If you are concerned about your "brain privacy", just don't talk to people, post on Slashdot or a personal blog, don't write letters or emails, etc.

  7. DMCA by wowbagger · · Score: 5, Funny

    I'm sorry, but I hold the copyright over my brain and the information therein, and your brain scanner is an unlawful circumvention device under the DMCA.

    My lawyers will be calling.

  8. Covered in a SF book by koreth · · Score: 3, Informative
    This sort of thing is the premise of a book I read a few years back, The Truth Machine by James Halperin. The premise is that someone develops a brain scanner that can tell with absolute certainty whether someone is lying. Halperin paints a pretty optimistic picture of the results; I think he underestimates how profoundly uneasy this kind of thing would make people, but I think he's right on the money in predicting that if such a device existed and were available at an affordable price, there'd be no stopping the spread of it and no avoiding its profound impact on the way society works.

    I'm one of the folks who feels uneasy, but on the other hand I'm not quite sure I can bring myself to believe that the potential harm of some of these developments outweighs the benefits -- if the technology can be applied in both directions, not just by the police. If I can quiz a politician on what his real motivations were for passing a law and be assured that he's not dodging the question, it might not be quite as onerous to be unable to lie about breaking it. But even with that thought in mind, I'm still uneasy.

  9. Got a whole lotta hype by TopShelf · · Score: 5, Insightful

    There's a major difference between a drug screen and having your brain scanned as a condition of employment. A drug screen is meant to pick up illegal activity which poses a tangible safety and liability issue to a potential employer. There's nothing illegal about thinking anything (at least in the developed democracies), so I don't see brain scans becoming accepted practice during my lifetime (knock on wood).

    --
    Stop by my site where I write about ERP systems & more
    1. Re:Got a whole lotta hype by TopShelf · · Score: 3, Insightful

      You can sit around and hate whoever you like, it's when you act on it by assaulting others that it becomes a crime. Try another swing..

      --
      Stop by my site where I write about ERP systems & more
    2. Re:Got a whole lotta hype by Mr.+Slippery · · Score: 5, Insightful
      A drug screen is meant to pick up illegal activity which poses a tangible safety and liability issue to a potential employer.

      Bullshit.

      Chemical screens for drug metabolites say absolutely nothing about whether you are a safety issue. If that was the issue, impairment tests would be used. (And a few intelligent employers do use impairment tests.) Drug screens are about what you're doing in your own time - they are a lifestyle screen. They're a loyalty oath to the Drug War.

      (They're also surprisingly inaccurate for something that can ruin your life.)

      I got my first job in high school, 17 years ago. I've been in the workforce ever since. I've never pissed in a cup for an employer. I've turned down job offers over it. I've still done ok.

      Drug tests: just say no.

      --
      Tom Swiss | the infamous tms | my blog
      You cannot wash away blood with blood
    3. Re:Got a whole lotta hype by nicedream · · Score: 3, Insightful

      But if you do act out and assault someone, your thoughts and motives (not just the act committed)can be used determine the severity of the crime.

      Base hit.

    4. Re:Got a whole lotta hype by Eric+Savage · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Actually the hate crime point is valid. The hate crime legislation makes penalties stiffer for the same crime when the court/jury determines you did it to a member of an identifiable group (race, gender, religion, etc) out of hatred for said group, thus thought (in the form of hatred) is an issue. Of course, thought (in the form of intent) being an element of a crime is nothing new, its core to the legal definition of many, possibly most, crimes.

      --

      This is not the greatest sig in the world, this is just a tribute.
    5. Re:Got a whole lotta hype by privacyt · · Score: 5, Insightful
      You can sit around and hate whoever you like, it's when you act on it by assaulting others that it becomes a crime.

      If you assault someone without hating them for their race, you get the standard punishment. But if you do the exact same assault and feel hatred, you get an additional punishment.

      In some cases this can get absurd. Here in Pennsylvania a couple years ago, two ignorant pranksters put racist stickers on a sign outside a Martin Luther King memorial. Normally, such vandalism would been a misdemeanor, giving the punks a fine and comunity service. But in their case, it was a felony due to additional hate crimes penalties.

      Is that good? Maybe so, since we all hate racists. But what if someone vandalizes a Microsoft billboard because they hate monopolistic corporations, and then they get a felony for having the wrong motives when they did the crime? If everyone doesn't have freedom of thought, then none of us do.

      Punish people's crimes; don't punish their thoughts.

      And since the thoughts of a person in a free society are no one's business but their own, the government needs to stay out of our brains and stop conccerning itself with our thoughts.

    6. Re:Got a whole lotta hype by TopShelf · · Score: 3, Insightful
      Since I've worked in warehouse/distribution environments for the last several years, I heartily disagree. Put plain & simple, you don't want some crackhead/stoner/junkie driving a forklift around your warehouse. From the employer's perspective, it's common sense to try and screen users out ahead of time.

      Now, whether this argument extends to non-equipment operating personnel is potentially another matter. The main motivation there is probably insurance related. Now don't get me wrong - personally, I think pot should be legalized. But drug users do represent a higher risk in terms of attendance and health care issues, so from the employers perspective that makes them expendable...

      --
      Stop by my site where I write about ERP systems & more
  10. This is rediculous by DJStealth · · Score: 4, Informative

    This is rediculous, I'm doing some work on neurobiology wrt attention for my CS Masters in Computer Vision. From reading some of the recent research, I don't think the field of neurobiology is anywhere close to being able to determine such concepts from an fMRI or anything similar.

    1. Re:This is rediculous by deblau · · Score: 3, Informative
      I participated in neurological research for the Salk Institute at the UCSD Thornton Hospital MRI last year, and they're nowhere near anything like this.

      Let me explain the experiment, for those of you who are curious about the state of the art in neuro research. The purpose of the experiment was to determine the location in the brain of areas which are active during certain tasks. The task I was given was a memory / reflex test. I was given a button, and shown a sequence of letters at varying rates. I was supposed to press the button when I saw a letter that was identical to the letter shown two letters earlier. So if I saw E-C-E-C-C, I'd press the button on the second E, and again on the second C, but not the third C. (This is a hard enough test without being a medical experiment!)

      First, they wired me up for an EEG. This involved sitting still for about 45 minutes while two people stood over me, put a skullcap with wires on my head, and went over each electrical contact with some grease and a little wooden dowel to move the hair out of the way so the electrodes would have good contact with the skin. (The goop washed out in the shower, but it felt funny driving home.) Then they stuck me in the MRI, with a mirror in front of my face at a 45 degree angle so I could look past my feet without sitting up (impossible in that tiny tube). Then they performed the tests.

      I was in the tube for about 90 minutes, most of it not moving any muscles except for my finger to press the button. If you move any muscles, your whole brain lights up with activity, and it throws off the readings. It was also noisy in there, because I was laying in the middle of a huge electromagnet being bombarded with radio waves. After it was over, they showed me a 3D brain scan, and I got to see a 2D plot of my brain waves by color (blue for theta waves, green for alpha, red for gamma, etc etc).

      Back to the topic at hand. Unless they suddenly find a way to carry around a $1.5M electromagnet, hide it somewhere where no one can see or hear it, convince people to walk through it somehow (Futurama tubes, anyone?), figure out a way to filter out all the extra brain noise from people walking, talking, and doing all the other things we normally do, and somehow interpret the data in a time-relevant manner, there's no way anyone is going to make "brain scanning" work. OTOH, maybe there is a way after all.

      --
      This post expresses my opinion, not that of my employer. And yes, IAAL.
  11. The Spartans by RatBastard · · Score: 5, Insightful
    Could soldiers be screened for homosexuality?


    You know what's really funny about this? The most feared army in Greek times, the Spartans, were all gay. Many of them fighting shoulder to shoulder with their lovers.

    --
    Boobies never hurt anyone. - Sherry Glaser.
    1. Re:The Spartans by RatBastard · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I'd post anonymously if I posted that drivel, too. The problem isn't trust, it's homophobia. As long as straights suffer an irrational fear that every gay man is going to rape them or seduce them (and God forbid that you actually like it!) your comment is true. When you realize that it's Sgt Butch, who has saved your life ten times, carried your broken and bloody body ten miles to the aid station and taken a bullet to save another wounded soldiers life is gay, and Pvt. Chauncy is just some slightly effemenite, but totally straight man, that you find out what an ass you really are.

      And no, I'm not gay. I have known gays all my life, and have been in situations where my safety, and even my life, has been in the hands of homosexuals. At no point was my trust in their ability compromised.

      --
      Boobies never hurt anyone. - Sherry Glaser.
  12. I want this for a programming tool... by NetSettler · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The most conservative view of the brain's power say that it's a computer program. The most elaborate theories also envision that there are other structures like souls that can't be 'caught on tape'. Strangely, I'd be the hardcore conservatives wanting to use this technology are statistically more likely to be those who say we have unmeasurable souls. Just a guess. But if it's so, I wonder how they rationalize that.

    But let's take the conservative view--that the brain is just a computer program that is trillions or quadrillions of times more complex than your average programming project for work. Now we're talking about hooking us up to a machine that has no idea what a single line of source looks like, no idea what data has been preloaded, and is just going to watch the approximate equivalent of the blinking lights on the console and tell me if my program is not only functioning correctly now, but whether it's predicted to function correctly in the future?

    Geez, forget core dumps, stack debuggers, tracing tools, and all that. I just want one of these cool push-button debugging tools for writing programs!! People pay enormous amounts for teams of people to pour over source code for days or weeks or more on projects so trivial as today's... and it's apparently all wasted. We could have solved the whole Y2K problem by just letting this machine watch the blinky lights on the front of some COBOL boxes and tell us that the planes wouldn't crash and the elevators wouldn't stop. Why didn't we rush them into production if they were this close to ready?

    Or is it possible that the effectiveness is slightly oversold?

    --

    Kent M Pitman
    Philosopher, Technologist, Writer

  13. Re:The Truth Machine by sirgoran · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I have to disagree with you. People need privacy. There is no reason for anyone to know everything about what I say, think, or do.

    I have nothing to hide, but my privacy is my own.
    Am I gay? No.
    Am I a criminal (Caught or not)? No.
    Am I trying to hide something? No.
    But, if I look at a woman and think to myself, "Boy I'd sure Like to F*** her!" That thought is my own and not something that anyone has the right to know about me. Thinking that doesn't make me a rapist nor someone to fear or "keep tabs" on.

    Much like if I thought to myself, "Boy, the President is a dumb sonofabitch." That too is not something that I feel is something that should be public knowledge nor held against me. Just because I might think something doesn't make me guilty of anything.

    Much like this discussion, it's my opinion and I should be the one to choose if and when I want to share it.

    Everyone has a right to their own personal privacy. Just because someone enjoys their privacy, it doesn't make them a criminal. Did you ever think that it might protect you FROM the criminals? What would happen if everyone could know if you were scared of them. Wouldn't that make you a target of those that would exploit that fear?

    Any kind of brain scanning that invades my privacy, or makes public my privacy is wrong.

    That's my two bits on the matter.
    -Goran

    --
    Carpe Scrotum - The only way to deal with your competition.
  14. And as with genetics... by OwnerOfWhinyCat · · Score: 3, Interesting
    This science will require us to grow socially, or regress into something ugly.

    In both cases there will be untold millions for large corporations to save by abusing this technology. If we do not fight for our rights to be ourselves, companies will require periodic brain-scans as easily as periodic drug checks. They won't have to pay attention to individuality or the cause of one person's odd brain-patterns, they will justify it with statistics. "People with your brain-type are 80% more likely to become unhappy at this job, therefore we will not risk hiring you." They won't care that 5% of the people with your brain-type do especially well at that job, because they will work the percentages and it won't pay to take the risk.

    The pay off of having faith in people doesn't show up on the bottom line, and the burden of having faith in people is one that the "gifted" or "blessed" often don't want to shoulder. If we want these scientific advances to be stairs for the ascension of mankind into the kind of species we can truly admire, then we must bridge this social gap. We must say as a society that we are willing to pay the price in dollars and cents, in mistakes and losses, to retain our diversity and that of our neighbors, even when we don't understand or approve of them.

    Numerous studies have shown, the category of people who smoke has more accidents to it's credit than that of people who don't. As it stands, today it is legal to charge someone more for insurance if they smoke, than if they don't. Smokers have become the outsiders. This injustice remains. It is based on a statistic no more or less true than:

    • People who smoke pot have a greater chance of becoming addicted to pot.
      Can't really argue that one.
    • "People who steal in their youth are more likely to steal as adults."
      Also very true, and plainly so when you consider it's corollary.
    • The first black person on your board of directors will have a harder time "getting along."
      This, in my limited exposure to such things is also likely to be true, and were the mechanism to exist to quantify such things (one day it will) I'll wager that statistics would bear this out.
    As technology advances more "truths" like these will exist, and the scientific evidence to back them up will become undeniable. The socially myopic corporations of the world will want to modify the way they treat the people who fall into the categories above in a profitable fashion and they will fight for their perceived right to do so.

    The question of how to move forward is not one of fighting discoveries, or denying the obvious.
    It is one of willfully choosing to make illegal and immoral by our societies standards, any use of indirectly related statistical phenomena to alter or inhibit any citizen's opportunities in any endeavor the public is permitted to regulate.

    Most of us would raise hell if our auto insurance company demanded the right to to base our insurance rates on the following questions:

    Have you ever stolen anything in your life?
    Have you ever smoked canabis?
    Are you of African American descent?

    And we can be proud of that fact.

    How many of us left the question box "Do you smoke?" unanswered and got on the insurance agent for being at the root of a Gattacan state?

    Is it because of how incredibly annoying it is to step outside a crowded shopping area yearning to breath fresh air only to find our lungs filled by a cloud of noxious fumes? Is it the meal ruined by the elderly folk, who sat at the edge of the smoking section in a restaurant in our youths and managed to billow forth more atmospheric poisons than a '66 Chevelle? What ever our reason for just checking the box handing over the form, does it really justify making them pay more for mandatory auto insurance? Is any reason you could give any less a prejudice than would be implied by seeing the three questions in my list above listed on a job application?

    Gattaca ends or begins with us.
  15. Must be time for my blue pill... by dhaines · · Score: 3, Funny

    Now we know how the machines really know what Tasty Wheat tasted like.

  16. Brain Scanners Work On Politicians - No Problem! by 0x69 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Once a lie-detecting brain scanner is reasonably available, there'll be some public challenges to sleazy politicians to answer (under the scanner, with cameras rolling) questions like "did your vote on bill X have more to do with that fat campaign donation than with the good of the country?"

    The media will hype this up so far, it'll make the Clinton sex scandals look like a 5-over-limit speeding ticket.

    Conclusion - self-serving sleazy politicians will make sure than brain scanners are *extremely* illegal.

    --
    It's easy to make up & spread cool- and credible-sounding stuff. Finding & checking hard facts is hard work.
  17. Screening for homosexuals -- already been done! by cartman · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Strangely enough, something like this has already been done. The military investigated a series of devices that measure sexual attraction, in order to screen out homosexuals. The idea was that they could put new male recruits in front of mostly-undressed pictures of athletic young men, then measure the level of sexual excitation, and screen out the homosexuals.

    By the way, one of the devices used to measure sexual excitation was called a "Penile Photoplathismograph". It measures blood flow to the sexual organ, and most youngish men can't help but get a little bit of an erection when exposed to a picture of a naked attractive potential sex object.

    ANYWAY, the idea was abandoned, for two reasons. First, some of the extremely homophobic people could not pass the test themselves. This grants some credence to the notion that angrily homophobic people are sometimes having some kind of internal conflict. Second, people who are "bisexual" to some extent greatly outnumber people who are outright gay. Although men who are exclusively homosexual make up 1-2% of the population, people who will evince at least some attraction to members of the same sex make up 5-6% of the population. Kicking out 6% of the military would be a problem.