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How Crackers View Themselves

prostoalex writes "Dr. Orly Turgeman Goldschmidt from Hebrew University of Jerusalem conducted a research to figure out if there any any differences between the classic computer vandal stereotypes and the real life. After surveying 54 Israeli repondents and using the term hacker gratuitously, Goldshmidt found out many computer vandals to be "young, well-educated men without a criminal record, who belong to the middle or upper class." 3 out of 54 respondents were women, some of the respondents were married and had children. Goldschmidt's survey seemed to include somewhat low-life representatives of computer security community, the type who goes on shopping sprees on stolen credit cards, so take the findings with a grain of salt."

30 of 310 comments (clear)

  1. Israel bad place for sample by corebreech · · Score: 5, Informative
    Israel leads the world in Internet attacks, ergo I think the numbers here are probably skewed. It's probably best to perform research like this in a nation that's, um, a little less on the brink.

    JERUSALEM (UPI) -- A survey by Symantec says Middle Eastern countries comprised six of the top 10 bases for Internet attacks, it was reported Monday.

    In the first half of 2003, the top offenders included Israel as well as Iran, Egypt, Kuwait,
    Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates, WorldTribune.com said.

    Symantec ranked the threats according to the size of a country's Internet population base. Israel was cited as the biggest source of Web-based attacks with an Internet user base of more than 1 million, Middle East Newsline reported.

    About 80 percent of all attacks originated from systems located in 10 countries.

    "The Internet is a great leveler and the issue of Web security in the Middle East is no different from any other part of the world," Kevin Isaac, regional director at Symantec, said.

    "Wherever there is high bandwidth availability and a proliferation of the Internet, the chances of breaches taking place are high."


    (it's a shame this story got rejected by /.)
  2. Webcams by PFactor · · Score: 4, Funny

    Crackers 0wn your webcam server, then redirect from their own webcam. This is how they 'view themselves'.

    --
    Don't believe anything I say. I crash test crack pipes for a living.
  3. I'm Getting Sick of This by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    What's the big hang up of hacker vs cracker? I understand both meaning of hacker and the definition of cracker. So why the persistence with insisting hackers should be called crackers?

    Considering a good 90+ percent of the world uses the term hacker to describe breaking into computer systems and what not what's the point in trying to change or clarify it?

    1. Re:I'm Getting Sick of This by TopShelf · · Score: 5, Funny

      On the contrary, Kernel Crackers sounds like a snack they should sell over at ThinkGeek...

      Something like a combination cracker/pretzel/pizza flavor, heavily fortified with caffeine and vitamins so you don't have to leave your workstation for days at a time!

      --
      Stop by my site where I write about ERP systems & more
    2. Re:I'm Getting Sick of This by Ronald+Dumsfeld · · Score: 5, Informative

      What's the big hang up of hacker vs cracker? I understand both meaning of hacker and the definition of cracker. So why the persistence with insisting hackers should be called crackers?

      In this case the article doesn't even make a distinction between good hackers and bad hackers. It assumes that, by definition, "hacker" means someone who carries out illegal acts.

      In the case of Yaron, 39, a former hacker who now owns an information security company...

      Whoever wrote this article does equate "hacker" with criminal. Why else label someone who sets up an information security company as a "former hacker"?

      The researcher obviously isn't much better. The paper the reporter has used for this piece comes from the "Understanding and Controlling Cybercrime in the 21st Century" session given to/at the American Society of Criminology. Other papers include "Exploring Criminal Traits of Online Offenders", and ""Hardening the Target" in Cyberspace: Assessing Technology, Methods, and Information for Committing and Combating Cyber Crime".

      From the latter...

      "The presence of new computer technology aids cybercriminals from hackers to cyberterrorists, offenders who, to a great degree, depend upon the lack of technological skills of law enforcement ...".

      From this I conclude that all the attendees, including the reporter, left that little session assuming "to hack" meant "to commit an illegal act with a computer". Is that really the idea you want the police to have when, if casually asked, your brother/sister/parents might respond that you "work with computers and are a bit of a hacker"?

      I hope not!

      --
      Where's the Kaboom?
      There's supposed to be an Earth-shattering Kaboom.
    3. Re:I'm Getting Sick of This by karnal · · Score: 4, Funny

      Actually, Kernel Crackers sounds like some KFC that's gone horribly, horribly wrong....

      --
      Karnal
    4. Re:I'm Getting Sick of This by p00ya · · Score: 4, Funny

      `Nerd' works.

    5. Re:I'm Getting Sick of This by Confessed+Geek · · Score: 4, Insightful

      This one bugs me too. I just feel silly talking about crackers attacking my systems. On top of that at least in the U.S. cracker has some racial old south connotations that make me a little uncomfortable.
      From www.webster.com:
      Cracker:

      5 a usually disparaging : a poor usually Southern white b capitalized : a native or resident of Florida or Georgia -- used as a nickname

      My suggestion is we use "Haxzor" for those attempting to do bad things to other peoples systems as it has no other connections, is belittling, and mocks their own self-stylings. Its easier to hear the difference between the words also.

      Compare:
      He is a dang smart kernel hacker.
      Some dufus haxzor tried a 2 year old microsoft crack on my apache server.

      Just my $.02

    6. Re:I'm Getting Sick of This by dasmegabyte · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Well, it's not like we OWN the word hacker. Language is decided by the majority, by common use, not by initial definition. If it were, a "faggot" would still be a pile of sticks and "spam" would still be a moderately disgusting tinned meat product. If 9/10 of the world use this word in an offensive context, we should stop using it unless we want to get strange looks -- it's certainly easier than trying to educate all these people on how we want them to use it, as if we had some authority in the matter. "Coder" is a word which is pretty similar (same number of syllables, same intended meaning) without any of the associated negatives.

      And there are many. Besides the obvious abuse of the term to mean "Computer Intruder or software virus manufacturer," there's also a construment among programmers (mostly older guys) that a hacker is a seat-of-the-pants programmer who aims only to finish a single task as quickly as possible, bullocks to good coding practices, documentation, correct tabbing, spaghetti code and poor design. A "hack" is a piece of code that is poorly thought out, poorly executed, or otherwise sloppily written.

      Is this really the kind of definition we want to give ourselves, simple because we think the Tech Model Railroad Club was a pretty cool organization? Referring to Alan Cox or Linus Torvalds as "Kernel Hackers" when the folks working on the NT Kernel are called "Software Engineers" leaves a pretty broad disparity between their abilities by definition in the minds of most non-technical people, a disparity which is not refelected in their actual abilities. I think the OSS and Linux communties are really trying to lift themselves out of their perception as wild systems written by cowboy programmers. One step of that may be dropping the ill-advised, grudging use of "Hacker" as an honorific.

      What about "tuner?" It's another sweet word, and if you've seen Dark City, it's got some neat conotations...

      --
      Hey freaks: now you're ju
    7. Re:I'm Getting Sick of This by Felinoid · · Score: 5, Insightful

      What's the big hang up of hacker vs cracker?
      Why call it "The Web" when 90% of the world call it "The Internet"?

      Probably becouse 90% of the documentation has called it "The Internet" decades before the avrage jo ever got his hands on the word.

      Same with hacker. There are people who've called themselfs "Hacker" longer than the word was used to refer to a criminal activity and it would be very sad if people reviewing those documents started using that as an admittion of guilt.

      And it's not like losing a word to discribe computer hobbyests hasn't hurt the computer industry.
      Certan companys (ahem NOT Microsoft) would have you believe that computer hobbiests don't exist.
      It's not just the word we lost but the very consept of 'hacker' is missing to a growing number of people.

      And it's not just the computer industry that insists on using 'hacker' as 'hobbyest'. We've used the short hand for so long many don't realise it's "Computer hacker" we use the word "Hacker" becouse it's obveous we are talking computers.

      A hack reporter or writer is someone who's doing an unprofesional job. It's an insult akin to calling someone an amature.

      It's not like the avrage jo will ever use the term "Hacker" to mean "Hobbiest" but there is equally no chance of expecting the avrage computer hacker to use the term to mean a criminal.

      It's not like we haven't created annother word for hobbiests eather. Well actually a number 31337. It didn't take long for that it also mean "criminal".

      If we don't start definning the criminals ourselfs the avrage jo will just keep using the latest word for "hobbyists" becouse what the avrage jo dosen't understand is the crackers ARE hobbyists.

      --
      I don't actually exist.
  4. Sample selection needs to be reviewed by randombit · · Score: 5, Insightful

    From the article: "As one would expect, hackers need to operate undercover. Thus, in order to find interviewees, Turgeman had to do some detective work and, through journalists, conferences and Web sites, she managed to find hackers willing to talk to her."

    Or, she mananged to find some script kiddies or, random people who felt like showing off. According to the article, 'hackers' are considered cool ("Apparently, the image that society has of hackers is generally positive"), so maybe someone thought it would be fun to 'be' one. The quotes by the interviewees are highly non-technical (for example, "When you crack a code, it gives you an amazing feeling", and rants about MS); did she ask any of them if they knew how a TCP handshake worked, or anything?

    1. Re:Sample selection needs to be reviewed by fermion · · Score: 5, Insightful
      And even if these people were in fact technically competent, the sample is still bad. She found people who were willing to talk to her. So we know up front that the sample was not only self selected, but there is a bias towards people who want to show off how smart they are. In effect, these are the members of the community who think they have something important to say and want publicity bad enough to risk prosecution.

      From this biased selection the apparent scientist extrapolates this amazing finding:
      "I was surprised to discover," says Turgeman, "that they were warm, sociable people with warm families and that many loved to play pranks and were iconoclasts in their childhood."
      In other words, the good doctor was surprised to find that the biased self-selected sample, which was selected on their willingness to talk, was in fact a warm sociable crowd. It is also possible that such a sample bias might also favor men. Let's bring out the (ig) Nobel Prize.

      The apparent thesis of the paper, to examine self-perception, likely was not significantly effected by the biased sample, which is why the committee let it go. That and the fact that sociology is an extremely soft science. However, some of her quoted comments indicates that she may believe the sample is much more representative that it appears.

      --
      "She's a scientist and a lesbian. She's not going to let it slide." Orphan Black
  5. Matrix-ulation by Space+cowboy · · Score: 5, Funny

    All crackers view themselves as Neo, these days ... Apart from the female ones, who view themselves as Trinity. All the male crackers of course assume that all the female crackers are male too...

    Simon

    --
    Physicists get Hadrons!
  6. In reality, "Hackers" are really nice guys? by binaryDigit · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Goldschmidt's survey seemed to include somewhat low-life representatives of computer security community, the type who goes on shopping sprees on stolen credit cards, so take the findings with a grain of salt."

    What, because her survey turned up some "low lifes" it suddenly can't be trusted and must be "taken with a grain of salt"? Where does this logic come from? Had her survey only found up right individuals that were doing it for pure knowledge, then we would take the survey as gospel?

  7. query by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    ...so take the findings with a grain of salt.

    Is this some obscure joke about salted crackers?

  8. Real crackers... by Kulic · · Score: 5, Insightful

    probably don't run around talking to people about their illegal activities, especially people trying to get in contact with them.

    If you've been hacked by the best, you probably don't even know it because they leave no trace and don't brag about what they do. Of course this opens the door to such questions as, do people like this actually exist?

    Might be better to assume that there are. *dons tinfoil hat*

  9. What a meaningless piece of research by heironymouscoward · · Score: 5, Interesting

    First, the sample is so small as to be useless.

    Secondly, the range of activities that can be considered 'computer crime' are vast, ranging from sabotage by competitors and disgruntled ex-employees, through to vandalism by youths seeking to hack their way to underground fame, through to indebted housewives seeking to make just one more credit card payment anywhich way.

    Lastly, you can't measure an iceberg by studying the visible tip, and any 'hacker' who talks about him/herself is almost by definition not representative.

    The fact is that computer crime is as widespread as computers, and computer criminals as representative as the people who use computers. When IT was the plaything of the geeky elite, only elite geeky crooks misused it. When computers have pervaded every niche of industrial society, the crooks follow.

    In fact the distinctions between 'cyber' and 'real' is becoming moot, not just in terms of crime, but also in business, communications, art, relationships, etc.

    --
    Ceci n'est pas une signature
  10. Cons and Thieves. by IPFreely · · Score: 5, Interesting
    the type who goes on shopping sprees on stolen credit cards,

    Con men and thieves will be con men and thieves no matter what medium they use. The fact that they use some knowledge of computers and networks to practice the con is no different than cons on the street using social engineering to take people. Why is everyone so strung up on "but it's different because its on computers". It's not different.

    That's like all those horrible patents that say "same thing we've always done, but using computers." How is it different? These are the same conning, stealing theives we've always had, only they're using computers.

    --
    There is nothing so silly as other peoples traditions, and nothing so sacred as our own.
  11. Apparently somoeone rewrote the jargon-file by MindNumbingOblivion · · Score: 5, Interesting
    These are great...
    hacking (breaking into databases and Internet sites; fraudulently using Internet and credit-card accounts, and databases; and disseminating computer viruses)

    Now, is this just the typical media insistance on sticking to inaccuracy, or did none of these "hackers" point this lady to the jargon file?

    In her dissertation, Turgeman wanted to examine the explanations hackers gave for their behavior in an effort to legitimize their actions. In the 1990s, when she did her research, the commonly held image of a hacker was an isolated individual incapable of communicating with others. "I was surprised to discover," says Turgeman, "that they were warm, sociable people with warm families and that many loved to play pranks and were iconoclasts in their childhood."

    Hmmm...so frat boys know how to use a computer? Or is she talking about the weekend wardriver crowd?

    "They tried to challenge me. There were cases where I would contact a hacker only to hear the words, `I was wondering when you'd show up.' Those hackers knew I was looking for them, but waited until I myself contacted them."

    Me, I would have feigned inability to speak, code, or have any knowledge of what a computer actually did (aside from the well known fact that there is a little man trapped inside the "processor" being poked with pointy sticks).

    "It's morally okay to copy from Microsoft, although the downside is that you're helping to distribute their software.

    I would think the second clause would negate the first. I'm too lazy to do a logic diagram at the moment...

    But it's not morally okay to copy the software of companies whose livelihood depends on that software. Like small companies with unique software. It's a different story with Microsoft - I feel it's my moral obligation to screw them."

    I agree with the first few sentences, but it is my sincere belief that Microsoft will eventually activate an intelligent being within Windows, which will feel hideously crippled and inadequate, even when compared to non-intelligent alternative OSes, and proceed to commit suicide by writing zeroes to its own drive and wiping out the code repositories to prevent it from being brought back.

    --
    #define CLUE 0
  12. Was frightened? by Begemot · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Turgeman herself was told ... where she lived, how many children she had, and what her marital status was. "The first time that happened I was frightened," she recalls, "but, after a while, I just got used to it."

    Jeeeeeesus! I would expect a little more from someone doing Ph.D. thesis. Any idiot could do that stupid trick. Given a phone number, you start at 441 to find the exact name and then just search in the Israeli Electorate Registry.

  13. Translation Error? by oni · · Score: 5, Funny

    Well, the original article is in Hebrew. Right? So maybe something was lost in translation. Maybe "When you crack a code, it gives you an amazing feeling" started out in Hebrew as "smashing a variable stack by overflowing an input buffer on an exposed port and injecting arbitrary code thereby gaining remote root access on the machine really gives you an amazing feeling."

    Or not.

  14. WE all know what a cracker really is. by iphayd · · Score: 4, Informative

    Crackers don't see themselves as trailer trash, and their mullet is the most stylish way to cut their hair.

    They think having the rusty cars in the front yard is useful, because one day you might just need an '84 Trans Am transmission.

    They also create websites like this, which was featured on the Cruel site of the day blog.

  15. Is this a joke? by mendred · · Score: 4, Insightful

    What kind of a study is this? Seems to be she is just indulging in sensationalism. The sample is just too small and all she seems to be doing is trying o reinforce the hollywood 'hacker' image the guy who effortlessly breaks into systems.

    And to people cribbing over why hackers insist on correct terminology, well all I will say is it is really demeaning to be associated with script kiddies. And it really isn't much is it? Just two letters of the alphabet replacing one with a fairly significant difference in meaning.

    And besides look at the press are doing.They are puting ppl like Linus, Alan Cox in the same category as some really desperate ego mongers.

  16. Finding a date. by blanks · · Score: 5, Funny

    "3 out of 54 respondents were women"

    I don't like those odds.

  17. How Crackers View Themselves by artemis67 · · Score: 4, Funny

    In my experience, crackers view themselves as golden brown and delicious, especially with a slice of cheese on top of them and some wine to wash it down.

    However, it's been a while since I talked to a cracker, so things may have changed.

  18. Re:New word for hacker (!= cracker) by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Good distinction.

    A. Programming enthusiast -When he runs into trouble, he'll find something else to do.
    B. Hacker -When he runs into trouble, he'll persist until he finds out why.

    The driving motivation behind a hacker, to not let a stupid computer get the better of him, is incomprehensible to the media and probably represents a value system that is anathema to the media's value system.

    Codesmith would represent someone skilled and fluent whose excellent output was within his competence. Probably a very rare breed.
    Hacker represents someone with more determination than skill whose output exceeds his competence. Extremely desirable when you want/need stuff to work even in a SNAFU environment.

    Hacker has very much the sense of "to hack" which is decidely non-complementary. The use of the term as a high complement is recognition of the determination, persistence and effort that have to have gone into producing the results. This hits at the essence of a world where everything is supposed to be "easy" and "now".

  19. Who cares about any of this??? by swordgeek · · Score: 4, Insightful

    1) How crackers view themselves
    Who cares. Criminal behaviour is criminal behaviour. Any decent sociopath will justify his or her actions as morally correct. Just ask a pedophile about how six year old kids can seduce them, or a rapist about how his victim was 'just asking for it.'

    2) On cracker vs. hacker
    Yes, hacker was once used as a complimentary term. Then it was used (mostly by the media) as a derogatory term. Then a subset of the "good" hacker community came out with cracker to differentiate. Well guess what; it didn't catch on. Nobody except a small, vocal subset of the 'good' hackers uses the term, and it's just awkward. It doesn't flow well. Whingeing about "proper" terminology in this circumstance is a lost cause. Use whatever terms make you feel better (either cracker, black hat, malicious hacker, or whatever), but quit getting so bent out of shape over your new term not getting accepted.

    3) On proper sample size.
    It's not statistics here, it's a series of interviews! She's not extrapolating numbers, and my reading was that it was the article author, not the PhD candidate who was extrapolating behaviour to the rest of the community.

    --

    "People who do stupid things with hazardous materials often die." -- Jim Davidson on alt.folklore.urban
  20. Re:Brazil leads major hacker attacks by Dave2+Wickham · · Score: 5, Funny

    You're asking us to take a site called "Secure Synergy" seriously?

  21. Sorry, just how it works by Sycraft-fu · · Score: 4, Interesting

    As the orignal poster pointed out, language is dynamic. There isn't a group that gets to decide what words mean, the whole group of competent speakers do that. Also, with connotations, it's not even a matter of definition, but of perception.

    Take the word "interfere". In a value neutral, scientific, context it simply means to introduce a change to the natural order of something. However popular usage (and the current definition) have a negative context where it means that you hindered a process. Technically, interference can be helpful, but the word isn't used that way anymore except by scientists.

    Or how about acceleration? The definition,. both scientific and dictonary is the rate of change velocity with respect to time. That means positive, negative, or direction. So to stop your car quickly is to accelerate to a stop, as do you accelerate around turns, even if you keep your speed constant. However, to most people, acceleration means incrasing speed. They'll say deceleration if they mean a negative change in speed, and they ignore the direction component.

    So while hacker might technically mean someone who is a master at working with computers in some respect, the common usage is someone who is a master at working with computers, and uses that knowledge for mischief. It's just something we have to deal with. You cannot control a live language, it will take directions, regardless of what is formally defined.

  22. Matrix meet-up gone horribly wrong by Dogtanian · · Score: 4, Funny

    Somewhere in the 'real' Real World.

    Two hackers, uh, I mean crackers, erm... dammit! Two geeks meet in person for the first time.

    Neo1337357: Trinity? [Blah... something about a bank IIRC, I can count the number of times I've seen The Matrix on two hands] I..... thought you were a girl.
    Trinity9348: Most guys do.

    'Neo' becomes very uncomfortable as he realises he is standing in an S&M club with a large, sweaty guy he has shared his most intimate fantasies with.

    Somewhere in the background a Rob Zombie track is playing. Fade to black.

    --
    "Slashdot - News and Chat Sites Deviant". (Click "homepage" link above for details).