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Caffeine Level In Sea Causes Concern

DarkHand writes "Researchers at the Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) have spent three years looking for trace remains of pharmaceuticals in drainage water and the sea near Tromsoe in northern Norway. The project has focused on 16 substances and a high concentration of caffeine was one of the surprising finds. Need a lift in the morning? Have a refreshing glass of seawater!"

72 comments

  1. Caffeine is bad today by ObviousGuy · · Score: 2, Funny

    But wait a week or to until it's good for you again.

    --
    I have been pwned because my /. password was too easy to guess.
    1. Re:Caffeine is bad today by Curtman · · Score: 1

      Hey ObviousGuy, caffeine may or may not be healthy to you and me, but surely it is surprising to find it in our sea water.

    2. Re:Caffeine is bad today by ObviousGuy · · Score: 5, Funny

      Not to me. I've been drinking a lot of coffee and pissing in the fjords.

      --
      I have been pwned because my /. password was too easy to guess.
    3. Re:Caffeine is bad today by Curtman · · Score: 1

      Good one.. I bow before thee. Hah

  2. Question... by hookedup · · Score: 1


    Would a desalination plant remove the caffine? If the 'filtering' of the water being dumped into bodies of water doesnt do it, when it comes back into our pipes will it be caffinated also?

    Seems to me we will all be a bunch of caffine addicts in the future.

    1. Re:Question... by Drakin · · Score: 1

      You mean we arn't already caffine addicts?

    2. Re:Question... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      These were concentrations of nanograms or micrograms, relatively near the discharge zone. The caffeine in your cup of coffee is measured in hundreds of milligrams, an order of magnitude larger. (Sodas hover around 40-100mg.)

      You're getting an order of magnitude more from any chocolate you'd happen to ingest than you would from seawater, and it's a bit amusing that they define it as a 'poison.' However, its effects on things like planktons or corals will be different than those on moderately-sized mammals, so it does bear investigation.

      (Also of interest would be how many sea creatures turn out to naturally produce the substance; in sealife, it could probably have another 'use' as a defensive irritant or other such thing.)

  3. Ha! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Offtopic

    Let's baptise this day the Norwegian Discovery Day (cf Hot Norwegian Chick can do math too!)

    1. Re:Ha! by Cecil · · Score: 2, Funny

      Hah. I never saw that article before. but I like how they caption the picture of the chalkboard as "her webpage".

      I knew those of us in North America had relatively good internet access, but I didn't realize Norway had it that bad!

    2. Re:Ha! by DrSkwid · · Score: 1

      I remember the days when they were labelled 'this photo from a floppy disk'

      --
      There are places where the networks are not touching,and there are places where they are-Boeing's Lori Gunter
    3. Re:Ha! by KarMann · · Score: 1

      Is "photo from her web page" really that hard to understand?

      Also, though the newspaper is Norwegian, it's quite clear, in something as obvious as the titles of both the Slashdot and Aftenposten articles, that she's Swedish, not Norwegian.

      --
      ProofReading Markup Language - and yes, I find typos.
    4. Re:Ha! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      She attends a Swedish university but she's from Norway

  4. In an unrelated event by BlackCobra43 · · Score: 2, Funny

    Thousands of college students across the country die from drinking too much seawater.

    --
    I never spellcheck and I freely admit it. Save your karma for more worthwhile "lol erorrs" replies
  5. In other news... by arrow · · Score: 3, Funny

    Water Joe files suit aginst Norway for infringement.

    --
    symetrix. We are building a religion, a limited edition.
  6. Speaking for myself by squiggleslash · · Score: 5, Funny
    As a scuba diver, I'm somewhat concerned about this.

    Contrary to popular myth, most sharks one comes across in the ocean are docile creatures who just want to be left alone and will occasionally stop resting in order to find something to eat - fish, generally, or surfers if they decide the surfers look a little too much like seals. (No, I'm not making this up.) I "swim with" sharks all the time (I put that in quotes, it's not exactly the same as, say, swimming with dolphins, but the point is man and shark can inhabit the same parts of the ocean without one trying to devour the other, or the need for shark cages, etc. Now, Great Whites are another matter, but I don't like off the coast of Australia.)

    Now, if caffiene levels in the ocean rise, what's going to happen to the sharks? Are they going to ever be able to get any sleep? Is their judgement going to be further impaired - I mean, they already confuse surfers with seals, are they likely to confuse divers with some sort of fish? Are they going to be constantly tired, irritable, yet alert?

    Or will the effects be even more dramatic: will I go diving only to see sharks outputing hundreds of lines of poorly written but amazingly creative C code, at two in the morning?

    --
    You are not alone. This is not normal. None of this is normal.
    1. Re:Speaking for myself by Uma+Thurman · · Score: 1

      Seems like a lot of things make caffeine. How does the level in the middle of the ocean compare? How about areas away from human habitation? The researchers think the caffeine comes from humans, but I don't see enough information in the article to know anything about the source.

      --
      This is America, damnit. Speak Spanish!
    2. Re:Speaking for myself by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      100 nanograms of caffeine per liter.

      You would need to find out how many litres of water these animals are going to be, um, swallowing per day. I can't imagine it would be many. No need to mention that these are the levels in the sea near Norway... brrrrr.

      Could be a trend, and we might have a problem, in, say a thousand years.

    3. Re:Speaking for myself by Smidge204 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Mmm code sharks...

      Anywho... I'm not aware of any study ont he effect of caffine on sharks - or any sea life - but I'm sure it exists (Or will shortly!).

      Every species reacts to chemicals in different ways. Hell, individuals of te same species react differently! I wouldn't automatically assume that caffine will have the same effect on sharks as it does on humans.

      Good example? Chocolate. Cocoa is very poisonous to cats and dogs (Specifically, the chemical Theobromine). Most humans can eat it with no ill effects. Similar items include garlic, onions, and macadamia nuts.

      Oddly, cows enjoy chocolate as well. Can't remember where I saw it, but I think there's a place in Australia that feeds their dairy cows "reject" (read: mangled but otherwise edible) candy, which they buy from a factory by the truckload. If I recall, sometimes the flavor can actually leech into the milk.

      Moral of the story is: Caffine might not have any effect on sharks, or only for some species of shark, or it might be toxic. Who knows?
      =Smidge=

    4. Re:Speaking for myself by whorfin · · Score: 1

      But with this addition to the water, the sharks will be quite serene and happy, and lose that 'sharky edge'.

      --
      Laugh while you can, monkey-boy!
    5. Re:Speaking for myself by dacarr · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I don't think the caffeine will affect the sharks that drastically. Speaking from personal experience, after a while, caffeine will lose its stimulant effects to the extent that you will go to sleep no matter how much caffeine is coursing through your blood.

      --
      This sig no verb.
    6. Re:Speaking for myself by JGski · · Score: 4, Informative
      Sorry, the discovery of pharmaceutical micro-pollution is several years old. It's quite real and quite man-made. I'm dubious of man-made greenhouse but this is pretty linkable. In temperate climates there aren't any natual caffeine sources. Even in tropical climate you have to be downstream from a cocoa plantation, etc. The original paper and other articles about this new paper mentioned ibuprofen, antidepressants, heart and cholesterol medicines. The issue is that:
      • most people don't realize that most medicines pass through the kidneys unmetabolized
      • water treatment doesn't remove these chemicals
      • micro-pollution such as estrogens are known to affect fertility and fetal development of everything from fish to mammals, and probably also humans
      Previous studies have shown similar findings in freshwater lakes and rivers, with similar medicines appearing including:
      • Caffeine levels in freshwater rivers and lakes followed diurnal cycles peaking in sewage plants after mid-morninng bathroom breaks, and hours later rising in processed effluent in open water - caffeine is passed almost entirely unmetabolized.
      • synthetic estrogen and progesterone from oral contraceptive have been found in water supplies and may be factors in amphibian and fish population declines - perhaps also a factor, combined with pseudo-estrogens like phthalates (you like "new car smell"?), etc., in the 50-year decline in human sperm count levels in industrialized nations
      • many drugs are synthetic with persistence comparable to DDT or Chlordane - they do not breakdown
      • if micro-pollutants are bioactive in other species or in humans, they may well be affecting us already - what happens when we are all receiving active doses of heart medicine, etc., all our lives from our own water supply?
    7. Re:Speaking for myself by TwistedGreen · · Score: 2, Informative

      Obviously, different organisms have different tolerances and reactions to various chemicals. However, some are quite universal. Certain neurotransmitters have vital roles in life functions all the way back to the earliest mammals and, in some cases, even single-celled organisms. Thus, it is not impossible for one chemical to have similar effects for an entire taxonomic branch of life.

      I would tend to think it unlikely in sharks, however, since they are quite pointedly different organisms from even mammalian life, let alone humanity. But, like you said, who knows?

      But we can resolve all this if someone just dissolves some caffeine into their fishtank. Just make sure they weren't too expensive.

    8. Re:Speaking for myself by dasunt · · Score: 4, Interesting

      The parent poster writes:
      Every species reacts to chemicals in different ways.

      And then he goes on to talk about chocolate as an example.

      Here's a better example, IMHO: Spiders on Caffiene and Other Drugs

    9. Re:Speaking for myself by Alizarin+Erythrosin · · Score: 1

      Next thing you know companies will discover that caffeinated sharks will work for meat and start outsourcing their software to the oceans.

      --
      There are only 10 kinds of people in this world... those who understand binary and those who don't
    10. Re:Speaking for myself by Alomex · · Score: 3, Informative

      and macadamia nuts.

      In fact, macademia nuts are generally poisonous to humans as well. Every so often a mutated macademia tree produces non-poisonous nuts and those are the ones we groom and harvest from. (I'm not making this up).

    11. Re:Speaking for myself by Smidge204 · · Score: 1

      Awsome! I wonder who the poor sap is who's job it is to test them. :)
      =Smidge=

    12. Re:Speaking for myself by CAlworth1 · · Score: 1

      As one other comment on other animals consuming chemicals, i do know from experience that when earthworms eat coffee grounds, they tend to be firmer and more active. I presume that this is as a result from the caffiene, but i don't really know.

      This is a great trick when going fishing that my grandpa taught me - dig up worms, put them in dirt mixed w/ coffee grounds. . . mmmmm.

  7. Dude, dude, that's the wrong project by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

    Researchers at the Norwegian Institute for Air Research have spent three years looking for trace remains of pharmaceuticals in drainage water and the sea...

    And now where the hell did the taxpayer kronas that I spent on air research go?

    1. Re:Dude, dude, that's the wrong project by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Same place as every others tax payers;
      Up in smoke

      Hence Air Research

  8. DON'T TRY IT by TwistedGreen · · Score: 4, Funny

    Need a lift in the morning? Have a refreshing glass of seawater!

    Despite what DarkHand says, THIS IS NOT A GOOD IDEA. Please DO NOT try this. The high concentrations of sea salt and other dissolved minerals destroy the benefits found in drinking ordinary water, making the drinker at risk of salt poisoning and even dehydration!

    I can't believe the editors are allowing such dangerous advice to be posted on Slashdot, of all placed!

    1. Re:DON'T TRY IT by Molina+the+Bofh · · Score: 3, Funny

      Or, even worse, the high concentrations of sea salt and other dissolved minerals might destroy the effects of caffeine.

      --

      -
      Roses are #FF0000, Violets are #0000FF, find / -name '*base*' |xargs chown -R us && mv zig greatjustice
    2. Re:DON'T TRY IT by iggymanz · · Score: 1

      Hey, you're ruining a good thing for the environment. if some computer geeks drink seawater & croak the caffeine levels in the ocean will drop

    3. Re:DON'T TRY IT by Patrik_AKA_RedX · · Score: 1
      I can't believe the editors are allowing such dangerous advice to be posted on Slashdot, of all placed!
      Dangerous advice is exactly what the population needs. Can't keep bettering our species without natural selection, can we?
      Bad advice is natures way to select against stupidity. Anyone stupid enough to drink sea water, should receive (if still alive, that is) a free educational trip to where the sewer meets the sea.
    4. Re:DON'T TRY IT by edunbar93 · · Score: 1

      THIS IS NOT A GOOD IDEA. Please DO NOT try this.

      And those slashdotters who are so spectacularly stupid as to try drinking seawater will quickly discover that it tastes utterly vile, and will likely never drink it again.

      But thanks for the warning anyway.

      --
      "No problem. I have the capacity to do infinite work so long as you don't mind that my quality approaches zero."-Dilbert
  9. No no no! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Funny

    Don't drink seawater! It's bad for you. I'm surprised Slashdot has stooped to such irresponsible journalism.

  10. It's just not fair... by skaffen42 · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Those damn Scandinavians have everything. I mean I have just finished reading the story about the Swedish chick who managed to solve (part of) Hilbert's 16th problem. And amazingly for a female math geek she is actually not bad looking. If she was from any other part of the world she would have looked like my grandfather, only uglier.

    And now the Norwegians get CAFFEINATED SEAWATER! Is is just me or is there something wrong with this picture?

    OK, so at least they are sharing Linus with the rest of us, but still...

    --
    People couldn't type. We realized: Death would eventually take care of this.
    1. Re:It's just not fair... by ckaminski · · Score: 1

      I'm sorry, but it seems that the U.S.A. has the only monopoly on ugly math chicks. Every math chick *I* know from the "old world" has been hot enough to be a Playboy covermodel...

    2. Re:It's just not fair... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      That's probably because of the hollywood mind-control in america, that makes people think you can't be clever and athletic at the same time.

    3. Re:It's just not fair... by thebatlab · · Score: 0, Offtopic

      Ah, slashdot. Where you can make a post that is humorous but get modded up as interesting b/c you mentioned Linus Torvalds or anything closely resembling Linux.

  11. Hmmm that explains a lot. by Holi · · Score: 1

    I wonder if this has anything to do with this, Pilot Whales Beached in Tasmania.
    Too much caffine explains why they get so disoriented.

    --
    Sorry, teleporters just kill you and then make a copy. A perfect, soul-less copy.
    1. Re:Hmmm that explains a lot. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      yea, whenever I drink too much coffee, I just feel like beaching myself. for no reason whatsoever.

  12. Hmmm by captainkibble · · Score: 1

    Perhaps some home experiments involving a goldfish and a pack of proplus are in order? Anyone with a goldfish who tries this out please post your results.

    --
    Warning! This post may contain a pun!
  13. Caffeine and Pregnancy by ear2ground · · Score: 2, Interesting

    While the amounts reported are below the current safety thresholds -
    caffeine easily passes from mother to unborn child -
    there is also increasing concern about environmental estrogens or chemicals that may react with them.

    --
    Subduction leads to orogeny
  14. pharma. micro-pollution vs. industrial waste by js7a · · Score: 4, Insightful
    It's important to keep in mind that while pharmaceuticals warrant monitoring, we know for a fact that other obvious pollutants are much worse. For example, cadmium leechage from automobile systems kills orders of magnitude more fish of all kinds than anything estrogens can possibly do.

    The sad fact is that the vast majority of the remaining dangerous pollutants are attributable to either coal-fired power generation or automobile use, which are both sacred cows the world over.

    1. Re:pharma. micro-pollution vs. industrial waste by Orne · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Wrong, the vast majority is attributable to smaller engines with largely unregulated emissions.

      Emissions from coal-fired power plants & automobiles are tightly controlled through scrubbers, catalytic converters, etc that don't exist in smaller engine designs... your average weed-wacker, lawn-mower, leaf-blower, chain-saws etc are all guilty.

    2. Re:pharma. micro-pollution vs. industrial waste by js7a · · Score: 1

      Orne, read what you posted. Small engines comprise 9% of the pollution they talk about.

  15. This article has jumped the shark. by Artifex · · Score: 1

    How often can you say that about a Slashdot article?

    --
    Get off my launchpad!
  16. The next step by kinnell · · Score: 3, Funny

    Now we just have to find a way of extracting it, and Europe will no longer be at the mercy of the coffee growing countries

    --
    If I seem short sighted, it is because I stand on the shoulders of midgets
  17. Re:Question... Yes & No by G4from128k · · Score: 4, Informative

    Would a desalination plant remove the caffine?

    Yes and no. Desalination by reverse osmosis or distillation would remove the caffeine (and many other pharmaceutical byproducts) from sea water when making drinking water. But the concentrated salt water dumped out of the desalination plant would still contain these pollutants.

    Standard treatment plants used for making drinking water from freshwater would probably NOT remove caffeine or other pharmaceuticals. At best, the chlorination/oxygenation/UV purification process might degrade the pharma chemicals. At worst, these purification processes might convert the pharma chemicals into even more toxic analogs of the chemicals.

    --
    Two wrongs don't make a right, but three lefts do.
  18. Re:Question... Yes & No by 3waygeek · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Reverse osmosis doesn't necessarily remove everything; the city of Santa Barbara, CA built a RO-based desalination plant in the early 90s, at a cost of roughly $40 million. When they fired up the plant (spring of 92, IIRC), the water it put out still tasted a bit of the sea, according to most observers.

    However, during the plant's construction, the drought that had motivated the project had subsided. So after a few weeks of operational testing (i.e. none of its output went into the distribution system), the plant was mothballed. AFAIK, it's never been started up since.

  19. What you are saying... by jefu · · Score: 1

    Is that a Swedish mathematician is a device for turning sea water into theorems?

  20. Joking apart by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
    If there hasn't been a bad accident in the regional Coke(tm) or Pepsi(tm) bottling plant recently, then I'd say there's a problem.

    <thinks-bubble>Doesn't caffeine get broken down before it's excreted?</thinks-bubble>

  21. Not Necessarily a Direct Problem by bubblewrapgrl · · Score: 4, Informative

    One researcher in the article is quoted as saying, We have almost no information about what kind of problems caffeine can cause in nature. It is a poison and at very high concentrations it can affect the nervous system. We don't know the kind of environmental effect caffeine can have on the ecosystem and this is something that should be thoroughly investigated .

    Based on what I know about biochemistry, this isn't necessarily going to be a big problem for humans. Assuming that the concentration of seawater is 100 micrograms (.0001 g) per liter and the lethal dose (LD) of caffeine is 4 grams in humans, one human would have to drink 40,000 litres of seawater to reach the lethal dose. That excludes the decomposition of caffeine in the body that would occur while drinking that much seawater.

    Of course, there could be problems with biomagnification. If fish or other sea animals can't break down the caffeine, it may stay absorbed in their fat. Then, people who eat those sea creatures will have much larger of doses of caffeine at one time.

    Personally, I wouldn't be concerned until they take into consideration all of the other factors that are involved. There are high concentrations of many molecules in seawater, but that isn't necessarily a problem.

  22. Sharks don't really sleep by SuperBanana · · Score: 1
    Now, if caffiene levels in the ocean rise, what's going to happen to the sharks? Are they going to ever be able to get any sleep?

    Being equipped with gills...which require constant water flow...sharks can't sleep, at least not except for in very specific locations. Researchers have found they will seek out a spot in the ocean where the tide or currents create a constant water flow in a protected area(ie, under a reef, cave, etc) and they'll then enter what appears to be a sleeping state...usually with several other shark doing the same.

    1. Re:Sharks don't really sleep by Russ+Steffen · · Score: 3, Interesting

      That's only true of the primitive sharks, like the great white. More modern sharks like the leopard shark have gills that function fine at rest.

  23. Something MUST Be Done by Hookahphus · · Score: 1

    First Exxon Valdez, now Juan Valdez. I'm starting to see a pattern. The corporate world couldn't make em dependent on oil, so lets make em addicts. Bilking our sealife of their very last sand dollar. Where will the greed end. We need to tax Startbucks to fund detox centers for our aquatic friends. I just ask that they ween them off gradually, lest and octopi snarfs my Bunn-O-Matic while I am off snorkling.

    --
    -clue | /dev/null
  24. Stop Words... by sleepophile · · Score: 1

    Ahh...got my stop words list..! ;)

  25. Stop Words... by sleepophile · · Score: 1

    Ahh....got my stop words list... ! ;)

  26. And, yes, sea organisms ARE sensitive to caffeine. by dpbsmith · · Score: 2, Interesting

    And just in case anyone is wondering whether any marine organisms are actually sensitive to caffeine...

    "Responses of regular urchins to mechanical and chemical stimulation have been described by... von Uexkull (1896a, 1896b, 1900a). According to von Uexkull, caffein is a particularly effective chemical agent and evokes pointing away of the spines in all concentrations." (L. H. Hyman, The Invertebrates: Echinodermata, 1955, pp. 552-3).

    Just a data point, but I think it's particularly interesting that even these invertebrates, whose physiology is very different from humans, are sensitive to caffeine.

  27. OK, I'm rising to the bait... by dpbsmith · · Score: 2, Insightful

    A single glass of seawater isn't dangerous. (Usual disclaimer: assuming you're an adult, in reasonable good health, the seawater is unpolluted, etc.)

    It may not be a great idea because it tastes lousy, it will indeed dehydrate you and make you thirsty, and the magnesium ions in it, in addition to giving it that bitter taste, have the same effect as milk of magnesia.

    Certain kinds of health faddists have been drinking seawater for years.

    Obviously, dirty seawater from a harbor or near a sewage outflow will put you at bacteriological risk.

    If you're lost at sea in a liferaft with no fresh water and dying of thirst, drinking seawater will eventually kill you. But one glass as a (disgusting) morning libation won't do you any harm.

  28. What substance? by phorm · · Score: 1

    Do you have a link on this? Or perhaps some more info onto what poisonous substance is found in standard macadamia nuts?

    1. Re:What substance? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      quick Google search (and previous time in Hawaii) confirm that raw macadamia nuts are toxic, but cooked ones are safe for humans (but apparently toxic to dogs)

      BFD, anyway - the source of tapioca is toxic until cooked.....

  29. And interesting note by phorm · · Score: 1

    Is that the web on the "marijuana" spider is probably closest to the original "untained" form, yet caffeine is the worst.

    Wonder what it says for the war on drugs when caffeine is legal.

  30. Salt in the desert by phorm · · Score: 1

    What I don't understand is, why does seawater lead to dehydration (due to salt content) when you often have to ingest salt in certain desert areas to prevent it?

    Anyone got input on this?

    Oh, and if anything speeds dehydration it's caffeine, a cup of coffee will leave you more dry than refreshed in the long run.

    1. Re:Salt in the desert by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      Our kidneys can't produce urine with a salt concentration as high as seawater. When they have too much salt to get rid of, they draw extra water from the body to do so--more than you originally gained by drinking seawater.

      I thought you had to ingest salt in high heat to replace what you lose through sweat and avoid some deficiency disease, not to avoid dehydration.

      I don't know about coffee, but I know that you only lose about 1/3 of the water in soda pop due to caffeine's diuretic effect. Alcohol is the worst (a hangover is mostly due to dehydration).

  31. What's more alarming.... by /dev/trash · · Score: 1

    The number of drugs that were coming from the local mental hospital. Either people are flushing there meds a lot or well I don't know.

  32. To top it off by Compact+Dick · · Score: 1

    They also have Opeth, Dimmu Borgir and Emperor. What more could you want?

  33. Prozac does'nt by funwithBSD · · Score: 1

    come as a suppository?

    I'm gonna get those little bastards...

    --
    Never answer an anonymous letter. - Yogi Berra
  34. Re:And, yes, sea organisms ARE sensitive to caffei by confused+one · · Score: 1

    Good, more for me... Mwahahaha

  35. Water Joe by krysith · · Score: 1

    I used to have a girlfriend who really liked caffeine.

    She bought some Water Joe... and made coffee with it!