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Build From Source vs. Packages?
mod_critical asks: "I am a student at the University of Minnesota and I work with a professor performing research and managing more than ten Linux based servers. When it comes to installing services on these machines I am a die-hard build-from-source fanatic, while the professor I work with prefers to install and maintain everything from packages. I want to know what Slashdot readers tend to think is the best way to do things. How you feel about the ease and simplicity of installing and maintaining packaged programs versus the optimization and control that can be achieved by building from source? What are your experiences?"
Gentoo! (Combines the best of both worlds)
is that compiling from source can sometimes even be slower executing depending on your compiler.
Also, better to install from packages because:
1. They WILL work
2. They install fast
3. They are easilly de-installed
4. They are painless
5. Dependencies are installed automatically sometimes, and other times packages are the only way to resolve a dependency loop
6. Most other OSes since the dawn of the home computer use pre-compiled binaries, and nobody has complained
7. It is surely the developers job to make sure it compiles properly and do all the compiler error headache solving
Packages are just so much nicer. A lot of the time, I can get pentium-optimised versions of the ones I want, and if I can't then 386 optimised versions are OK by me. The difference in speed one sees is pretty much only for the anally retentive, it is so minimal.
- emerge -k (packagename)
This must be pointed out before the normal Gentoo FUD starts getting thrown around. Also, before anyone slams Gentoo, they should read and learn: Dispelling the myths of Gentoo Linux, an honest reviewCvswdsf
free ipod and free gmail!
Most package systems allow you to "roll your own" packages from the software you build from source. I use Slackware myself, so I first install my apps into a "staging" directory and build my package from there using the makepkg command.
It takes an extra minute of your time when you're installing software but it really helps to keepi track of what software is installed on the system, what files belong to it, keeping track of versions etc.
Personally, I use both binary packages and source. Basically, if my distribution has binary packages, and they fit my needs (recent enough version, etc, etc), I'll just use the packages. Why not? However, if I do decide I need to build something from source, I like to use GNU Stow to manage my software. Basically, Stow allows you to install your from-source packages in a nice, sane hierarchy (eg: /usr/local/packages/this-program-1.0, /usr/local/pacakges/other-program-2.4), and then Stow does the job of setting up symlinks into the traditional Unix filesystem (typically /usr/local). So, by using Stow, you get the easy management features of packages (minus dependency resolution) for your from-source build software. It's definitely saved my life... and it's especially useful in an NFS environment, as you can export your packages directory and then use stow on the workstations to install individual packages as you see fit. Quite handy. :)
You can have the best of both worlds with Gentoo. I began using it about a year ago, and I am sold.
Building from source using Portage is almost as easy as installing a Red Hat package. The community is extremely proactive. (I have only had problems installing or updating a couple of times in the last year, and the problems were remedied within a day or two and the portage trees updated after I submitted a bug report.) And you don't give up variety. The number of ebuilds available in the Portage tree is simply astounding.
I am even using it on my laptop these days and am extremely pleased that it seems to work well as both a server and desktop distribution.
Hope this helps
-- My choice of computing platform is a symbol of my individuality and belief in personal freedom.
It's not really harder, I would argue it is in fact easier in Gentoo. To reproduce a Gentoo system, you need the list of installed packages (either from the 'world' file, or from 'qpkg -i'), and the global make.conf. You can easily emerge any version of any package, so if you don't want the latest tested code, you can request earlier versions of the packages...
icc, btw, is free for non-commercial use on Linux.
The Raven
"But the installer has a *long* way to go"
What installer? Gentoo's only official "installer" is the install documentation.
In my opinion if Gentoo wants to gain a larger user base it needs one. But I definately learned a lot from installing it without a pretty gui installer.
which is why you should always save the output of "make install" somewhere. I keep mine in /usr/local/install_logs
I build the mission critical programs from source code, and just let the rest be installed as binary packages. I build from source even if I don't need to just to be sure I won't have extra unexpected issues should I ever need to actually make modifications to source and rebuild. I really don't have very many local modifications, but I'm prepared just in case.
Additionally, I do this all on one master machine (with a backup of it kept live on another machine), build binary packages of my own from my source builds, and install those packages on the actual servers. That way I have even more consistency, though at the cost of ultimate optimization. But I think it is better to be able to quickly reinstall a machine, as well as use checksum verifications that there are no trojans.
I use Slackware, but this could be done with most systems, including FreeBSD, Linux (most distributions, including Debian and the RPM based ones), NetBSD, OpenBSD, and even Solaris.
now we need to go OSS in diesel cars
I prefer to install everything from packages when I can. For stuff that I have to upgrade frequently -- usually server processes that need security patches -- I do it from source, partly because I prefer not to wait for a package to become available, but mostly because it saves me from the tangle of dependencies that come with packages. (The difference between RPM hell and DLL hell, as far as I'm concerned, is only that you don't have to pay for the privilege of RPM hell.)
In general, I haven't found that there is any real optimization benefit in compiling from source in most cases -- the kernel itself and Apache being the primary exceptions. I'm sure it's there, but it's small enough to be unnoticeable in most cases, and therefore not worth my hourly wage to futz with when I could be doing something that actually generates revenues.
Mind you, this is at work. At home, I tend to prefer compilation, but that's just because I like screwing around with the source.
Proud member of the Weirdo-American community.
I've been building from source since the late 80s. What has happened is, I've gotten old, and tired of the same ol' repetition and screwups. These days, I always try the Deb package first. 95 times out of 100, that works fine. Even if it doesn't, the infrastructure to build is typically installable as Deb packages.
It's not even the compile time that's so significant. It's the pain of figuring out somebody's config/build system, and the even greater pain of configuring the thing once its installed. Deb packages make these problems mostly go away.
Go ahead and build from source if you like. Someday you'll get old too.