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We've Been Hacked... or Have We?
hidden_fire asks: "I recently got a job as a Web Programmer at a web company that hosts many sites. The company had many badly firewalled Windows and Linux servers without any security patches, and a shared administrator password. I warned them that they needed to improve their security, but was ignored until a hacker kindly emailed them proof that their credit-card server was compromised, and the Sasser Worm took us offline. Now, I've been allowed to rebuild the compromised box and tighten our firewalling, but our other servers show many signs of possibly being compromised including unexplained outgoing traffic, a Linux kernel lockup, strange ports being open, and performance issues. I think we are possibly providing hosting for undetectable spammers but the boss thinks I'm paranoid, and says that I need to be working on paying work, not security. Has anybody else been in this situation? How can I detect these guys if their tools don't show in virus scans?"
If you don't know what was changed then you need to rebuild any machines suspected of being compromised from scratch and restore the data from a clean backup. Unless you're very sure your file checksum database is accurate (you run tripwire or aide hopefully) you will need to rebuild. Don't screw around and contribute to the global insecurity of the Internet.. especially with people's credit card data at stake!!! WTF is your company thinking keeping that on a public network?
Windows: use Moosoft's The Cleaner (http://www.moosoft.com/products/cleaner/download/ ) - it can detect trojans and things that virus scanners don't pick up...
Linux: nmap the box from a trusted PC on the same network, and then build a copy of netstat on the trusted PC for the server in question... copy the binary over, and run "netstat -pultw" as root... it'll list all ports that are listening for connections, and, the processes that are opening them (by PID, and usually by name). The reason for the clean copy is that a lot of root kits replace netstat on infection...
Hope this helps...
-PhaseBurn Welcome to Linux country. On quiet nights, you can hear windows reboot.
There are stories just now breaking into the general consciousness of IIS servers that have been compromised for months and feeding executable code tacked on the end of http calls to IE and spreading malicious code and feeding something (reports and opinions vary) to servers in Russia (also with varying opinions as to the owners - organized crime seems to be the evil de jour).
These compromised IIS servers often have the server attached to the explorer.exe process and are therefore not detectable by virus scans. Using netstat or filemon you can find the open ports. The only solution is a bare-metal rebuild.
Have fun if that is what you are dealing with.
As an aside, if this company is unconcerned about the compromise of credit card information you might want to find a new place to hang your hat. The civil and criminal liabilities are pretty steep for the compromise of financial transaction information (if you are in the U.S.) and they extend to individuals inside the company, not just the board and officers.
Those were the days. Adminstrator discovers *one* hacker, catches him, then has enough time to write a book about it before worrying about the next one.
If tits were wings it'd be flying around.
...post the IP address here, and I'm quite certain your worst fears will be so perfectly confirmed that your boss will have no choice but to admit you were right!
--
Don't like it? Respond with words, not karma.
Listen to your boss and do what you do best, web programming. But convince him to get an outside security consultant to scan your network for problems and then listen to their advice.
My company has an outside security company run quarterly checks against our network, and they sometimes catch stuff that I miss. Just don't let them talk you into buying a over-priced checkpoint firewall when all you need is a Linux box and Iptables.
--Ajay
This isn't as much "normalization" as it is "don't take so many drugs when you're designing tables."
You're already doing your job, and not being listened to. Since I'm not a sysadmin, I've got no direct advice for you regarding the tracking of such activity. However, it seems to me that this is the smaller of two problems. The first is being able to do your job from a technical perspective. The second (and it seems, more immediate) problem is being able to do your job from a political perspective.
Your boss has already watched his public facing site(s) and servers go down due to his failure to listen to you. Now it sounds like he's about to make the same fatal mistake. This, of course, places you in the lovely position of having to remind him that he's about to make another major tactical error... but you also have to do so in as subtle manner as possible, so it doesn't sound like a recrimination. All I can suggest is to try to make it blatantly obvious to him without coming out and saying it, thus giving him the opportunity to "discover" his error and correct it on his own.
One other suggestion: document, document, DOCUMENT! Make sure that you can prove later (should it be necessary) that you did everything you could. This is another area of vital importance for your job security that also must be done very carefully. Simply CCing the higher-ups will likely piss off your boss (and possibly the folks you're CCing as well), and may look like unnecessary whistle-blowing or complaining. Do it as unobtrusively as possible, but make sure that you're covered, in case there's any question later.
One possible solution to both problems is to communicate all of your concerns in an e-mail. Write it during your lunch hour, so he can't get upset at you for "wasting" more company time on it. Make it clear exactly why you think there is an issue, and mention (if you can do so gently and without provoking him) the past incident. Remember that if you want someone to do something, you shouldn't tell them why *you* want them to do it. They don't care about what you want. Tell them why *they* want to do it. Best-case scenario, he listens. Worst-case scenario, he gets a little more annoyed at you, but you've got your documentation.
I don't envy your position, and wish you luck.
Get your resume up to date, and get moving. This outfit clearly has no real concern for security, but since you've started poking around, asking questions, and raising hell, you are the messenger that gets shot when the company really does start to take security seriously, if they ever do.
On the other hand, if they continue as they are, they may not survive, and you are screwed again.