U.S. Army Guide to Code Breaking
sebFlyte writes "From the introduction of this document, the U.S. Army's field manual guide to Cryptanalysis: 'This manual presents the basic principles and techniques of cryptanalysts and their relation to cryptography. Cryptanalytics is the art and science of solving unknown codes and ciphers.'"
You should take a look at tracking down The Codebreakers which is a fasinating read.
"I use a Mac because I'm just better than you are."
(P.S. - note that the link they used for "here" doesn't even work.
Let's go Hurricanes!!! 2006 Stanley Cup Champions!!!
A good read along with this would probably be Between Silk And Cyanide: A Codemakers War, which gets into, among other things, creation of more secure codes during WW II. An excellent read (I currenly have The White Rabbit on order (story of Yeo-Thomas' activities in France, capture, interrogation and imprisonment))
A feeling of having made the same mistake before: Deja Foobar
You can find the letter authorizing public release/unlimited distribution of this manual here.