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Early Earth Atmosphere Favourable to Life

mathinator writes "A study by researchers at the University of Waterloo indicates that Earth in its infancy probably had substantial quantities of hydrogen in its atmosphere, a surprising finding that may alter the way many scientists think about how life began on the planet. The new study indicates that up to 40 percent of the early atmosphere was hydrogen, implying a more favourable climate for the production of pre-biotic organic compounds like amino acids, and ultimately, life. The paper was authored by doctoral student Feng Tian, Prof. Owen Toon and Research Associate Alexander Pavlov of CU-Boulder's Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, and by Prof. Hans De Sterk of University of Waterloo's Applied Mathematics department. The paper was published in the April 7 issue of Science Express, the online edition of Science Magazine"

32 of 407 comments (clear)

  1. This article contains material on evolution. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Evolution is a theory, not a fact, regarding the origin of living things. This material should be approached with an open mind, studied carefully, and critically considered

    1. Re:This article contains material on evolution. by aslate · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Only if argued at the same critical and scientific level, and not argued on the "It's written here, so it's true" logic.

    2. Re:This article contains material on evolution. by king-manic · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Evolution is a theory, not a fact, regarding the origin of living things. This material should be approached with an open mind, studied carefully, and critically considered
      -----------------------
      as is the theory of creation, both should be equally taken in with an open mind, and studied carefully.
      -----------------------

      Gravity is actually just a theory too, the whole law thing is just a name. So should consider non-gravity as a equal theory? How about the theory the earth is round, it's onyl a theory after all. Perfectly valid explanations of how it's "flat but all the evidence to the contrary is faked" also exist, should we consider both of the equally?

      --
      "There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio, than are dreamt of in your philosophy."
    3. Re:This article contains material on evolution. by bman08 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      When do we get to put a sticker on the bible?

    4. Re:This article contains material on evolution. by mrRay720 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I find it much more reasonable to believe it was created with a snap of the fingers and admit I cannot understand how God could always exist than to believe this Awesome Universe "evolved" exactly the way it did!

      I find it much more reasonable to believe that this awesome universe evolved exactly the way it did than that some mythical guy called God snapped his fingers and it all, like, happened dude! Funny how we both believe different, contradictary, things. It's almost as if beliefs mean crap all... I guess we have to fall back on that tried and true method of applying logic and evidence to the situation. What evidence do you have? Some crusty old multitranslated book written by some random people? Well I guess you win...

    5. Re:This article contains material on evolution. by TheGavster · · Score: 3, Insightful

      If you can accept that there is a God that has always existed, why not skip the whole divine being bit and say the earth and all its inhabitants have existed forever? The whole divine being thing just gives 'holy men' a means of control ('of course I'm right! God said so.').

      --
      "Because Science" is one step from "Because old book". Try "Because of my experiment testing my falsifiable assertion".
    6. Re:This article contains material on evolution. by Peaker · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Other then the idea that the universe magically created itself and everything in it, exactly what parts of '200 years and thousands of independant(sic) pieces of information and the entire biology branch of science' have to be ignored? Creation is no more far fetched then evolution, your just changing what your god is.

      Who said the universe was "created"? Time is part of the universe, so there is no meaning to the phrase "before" the universe. Creation implies that there is a time "before" the universe, so it could not have been created (Unless time is not part of the universe, but then you can define the "universe" to be a larger thing that does include time). Also, the observable law of conservation of mass and energy suggests that there was no point in time with a different amount of mass/energy thus strongly suggesting there was never a "creation".

      The theory of relativity also suggests that time may be finite and there may be a point with no points in time before it, allowing the universe to never have been created and finite.

      Also, changing my "god" to be "evolution" and the laws of physics is a big change. Because I am not only changing who my god is, I am changing the amount of complexity I throw unto this creature "god" which obviously represents the never-to-be-known. Thus I have more that I may know and less that I will never know.

    7. Re:This article contains material on evolution. by Bullfish · · Score: 4, Funny

      Well, duh... it does contain information about evolution, it was published by a university, by scientists and their ilk. It boggles my mind that in the 21rst century, on the internet, in a place where people with a grasp of science come to dialogue, that we have to wade through crap posted by the superstitious defending their mythology. Of course, people try to argue with them from a scientific basis while they just go "no, no, non. blah, blah, blah, with their fingers in their ears.

      You want to believe, fine, believe, you want to hand out tract literature showing how unless everybody follows your beliefs that a disembodied thumb will squish you into the ground, fine, but stick to your own kind. Go on a picnic, it is a beautiful Saturn's Day outside. Bring along some books to burn so you can toast your wafers.

    8. Re:This article contains material on evolution. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

      I know you are trying to be funny... However, `evolution`, or what ever you want to call it is a theorem, not a theory. You can prove it happens based on some simple axioms. The only thing you can argue about is timescales. (Which is what modern biologists are doing: "Is evolution proceding uniformly, or does it happen in bursts?", for example.)

      In case anyone is interested, the axioms are:

      1) Parents have children.
      2) Children tend to look like their parents.
      3) Mutations happen. i.e. children do not always inherit all their traits from their parents.
      4) Organisms are different
      5) Such differences yield to different probabilities for a given organism to survive and reproduce.
      6) More children are born than survive to adulthood.

      The proof goes as follows: Given a distribution of 'fitness' for a population, given by axioms 4 and 5 we can calculate which 'parents' will survive to have 'children' (that some do is axiom 1). From axiom 6, many children will be born, and from axiom 2 those children will be like their parents. From this you can calculate the new distribution of 'fitness'. Noting that it will be different due to axioms 6 and 5 (ignoring singular cases where everyone has the same fitness), gives the initial stages of evolution. Now, for evolution to continue, you need new variation (infinite inbreeding is bad, the population tends to a set of clones, and the singular case above is the result), so axiom 3 is needed to fix that.

      Now, it is even possible to prove that the axioms happen.

      For each axiom:
      1) Obvious, really.
      2) If you don't believe this, then you are an idiot. :-) i.e. People `tend` to give birth to people, not other animals and plants.
      3) You need a little science for this one, but it is possible to sequence DNA, and show mistakes happen.
      4) Obvious, really.
      5) This one can be measured as well. For example albino tigers have trouble surviving in the wild since they have trouble hiding.
      6) I know one class mate who died before adulthood, and that one example is enough to prove this one.

      Done! Well... if you want more, you can start doing mathematical models of the various axioms. You can try different mathematical functions for axioms 4 and 5 and see how the different results affect the timescales involved.

    9. Re:This article contains material on evolution. by MightyMartian · · Score: 4, Insightful

      It really helps that you first of all not bunch up or confuse several different theories that have damn little in common. If you wish to believe in magic, go for it, but I for one am very interested in how things happened, not in simply handwaving the entirety of existence as some sort of unknowable act of Providence, because that is about as anti-knowledge as anything could be.

      --
      The world's burning. Moped Jesus spotted on I50. Details at 11.
    10. Re:This article contains material on evolution. by abirdman · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The fact that evolution is a theory does not make creationism anything besides a middle eastern myth from ~3500 years ago, probably dreamed up (at least written down) by clerics trying to keep order among a peasant and slave class, passed to our time through a sketchy set of translations, and believed now by simpletons and Republicans. I can't stand when some Bible-beating dork states that, because creationism can't be proved, then any cockamamie story his grandmother told him is just as likely to be true. Crap, I say! Creationism isn't science, it's literature. Get over it.

      --
      Everything I've ever learned the hard way was based on a statistically invalid sample.
  2. Uhh REALLY??? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

    But then again, if it was infavorable, we wouldn't be having this very discussion, would we?

  3. In the post... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    In the post 9/11 world, the atmosphere is used by terroists!

    1. Re:In the post... by GreyWolf3000 · · Score: 4, Funny

      While I regret that a new slashdot mad-lib joke has just been created, I think it would be funnier if it read, "In the post 9/11 world, the atmosphere could be used by terrorists!" It fits more with the paranoia.

      --
      Slashdot: Where people pretend to be twice as smart as they really are by behaving like children.
  4. Correction by mathinator · · Score: 3, Informative

    It appears the posted versiond oesn't mention that it was a collaboration between University of Waterloo and University of Colorado at Boulder. The only researcher in Waterloo was Prof Hans De Sterck. Just like to make sure that is clear

  5. Can you say... by jackb_guppy · · Score: 3, Funny

    DUH!

    Else would we be here.

  6. In a post.. oh no by Eric(b0mb)Dennis · · Score: 3, Funny

    In a post 9/11 world, a study by researchers at the University of Waterloo indicates that Earth in its current condition probably had substantial quantities of hydrogen in its atmosphere, a surprising finding that may alter the way many terrorists think about how to destroy life on the planet. The new study indicates that up to 40 percent of the early atmosphere was hydrogen, implying a more favourable climate for explosive reactions, death compounds, and ultimately, the destruction of life.

    --
    Excuse me, I don't mean to impose, but I am the ocean
  7. Was this intentional? by sam_handelman · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Can anyone tell me how many times these high and mighty evolution scientists have already backpedalled and changed their version of the truth to fit some new finding? I've already lost the count... pathetic, really.

    Gosh.... yeah, it's awful how scientists are always changing their mind on encountering new data.

    If we had any guts, we'd still believe in ether.

    I don't think the parent is really a creationist at all; it's an anonymous coward trolling by pretending to be a creationist, providing a particularly easy straw man argument for us to knock down.

    Which is utterly mysterious because there are plenty of authentic nutcases on slashdot.

    --
    The good and new comes from no quarter where it is looked for, and is always something different from what is expected.
  8. Oil Companies by Thakandar2 · · Score: 4, Funny

    The oil companies exterminated these early lifeforms because the companies didn't want hydrogen powered cars getting fuel out of the air.

    By killing these early life forms, the companies guaranteed future fossil fuels and thir grip on our present day driving habits.

  9. we are doing our best... by humuhumunukunukuapu' · · Score: 3, Interesting

    to make sure the late Earth atmosphere is not.

    --
    i saw the baby, and the baby looked at me
  10. Who says religion polarizes people? by sqrt(2) · · Score: 5, Funny

    I love articles like this, they help me build up my friend/foe database :D

    --
    If you build it, nerds will come. Soylentnews.org
  11. CHURCH SAYS EVOLUTION IS A FACT. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    The Catholic church says evolution is a fact. Your "disclaimer" post is blasphemy!

    Read, you blasphemous heretic.

    1. Re:CHURCH SAYS EVOLUTION IS A FACT. by coma_bug · · Score: 4, Insightful

      From your link:

      If, therefore, a particular version of evolutionary theory assumes a complete, purely natural continuity between human beings and other animals, including the emergence of the human mind from mere matter apart from any more-than natural-(or supernatural) cause, that view must be false. A scientist who claims to explain everything about man in terms of evolution winds up explaining nothing, for there is no basis for thinking anything he says about man is true. He traps his theory-not to mention himself-in a naturalistic straightjacket. He must hold that he himself theorizes as he does simply because the whole universe and its physical, biochemical laws move the molecules around in his head that way, not because he's discovered some "truth" about the way things are.

      This is complete bullshit. I am amazed how many times religious people sprinkle this kind of magic pixie dust to produce a holier-than-thou philosophy. The steps in the process are:

      (1) identify something that we cannot possibly know one way or another (for example, the origin of the universe, or free will vs. determinism).
      (2) pronounce some spiritual hocus pocus to answer the problem.
      (3) ignore the fact that the spiritual answer suffers the same problem.
      (4) take tithes from the ignorant.
      (5) profit!

      In this particular case, free will vs. determinism is not answered by postulating the existance of a soul because that "answer" suffers *exactly* the same problem: maybe thoughts move throught the soul in a deterministic way.

      Much the same can be said for the cosmological (first cause) argument.

  12. Some thoughts by Kenrod · · Score: 3, Insightful


    From the summary, it seems that these researchers are now saying that the upper atmosphere was cooler than originally thought, thus atmospheric hydrogen escaped at a slower rate. So these researchers are essentially using a mathematical climate model.

    Climate science is very difficult even when we have the actual system to study (modern earth). How can we with any certainty at all know what that system performed like 4 billion years ago? It's time we admit that this research is interesting, but it will always be just speculation backed up data with an amazing depth of variability that is arrived at by making many assumptions.

    Is this a case of scientists looking for data that supports a particular theory? They know that life could arise much more easily if hydrogen was more plentiful on early earth, so they pose theories and look for data to support that?

    --
    Good heavens Miss Sakamoto - you're beautiful!
  13. Lame troll... but I'll bite by Rams�s+Morales · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Einstein was atheist, sometimes scientist say god, speaking metaphorically. Einstein said:

    "It was, of course, a lie what you read about my religious convictions, a lie which is being systematically repeated. I do not believe in a personal God and I have never denied this but have expressed it clearly. If something is in me which can be called religious then it is the unbounded admiration for the structure of the world so far as our science can reveal it."

    And by the way, what purpose will it serve to teach people lies? Even if they are not going to study science, they have to be tought facts, not lies. If you keep a population ignorant, they'll be easilly manipulated. As an example, I'm not a biochemist, I'm a Computer Scientist, but all the Organic Chemsitry I learned in high school has been very helpful in my life, to improve my nutrition, and hormonal profile, as part of my goal to be faster and stronger. It has also been helpful to identify all the crap about nutrition and health popular media barfs.

  14. If that's the case, then I predict... by Aphrika · · Score: 3, Funny

    ...that the atmosphere immediately before the extinction of life on this planet will not be favourable.

    Heck, we live in a window of opportunity on this planet. It started when conditions became favourable and it'll end when they become unfavourable, or we blow ourselves up... which after careful thought is pretty much the same thing.

    All things considered though, I suppose it's nice that they've found out a bit more about conditions then, but maybe the title of their study should've been a more accurate:

    Early Earth atmosphere more favourable to life than we first thought .

  15. Re:God does exsist, and it can be proven by vadim_t · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Doesn't follow. Still lots of faith in that post. Let's take a look at it:

    Rene Descartes says we're imperfect. Completely agreed.

    How can we conceive a perfect being? We don't. The christian god is an arrogant, angry being that makes his followers suffer. He's self contradictory in parts, and in the old testament just plain horrific. So, no, don't agree.

    "Descarte also wrote, that God would never decieve us". Yes, of course, according to the opinion of some guy that died 355 years ago, God would never deceive us. Never mind that I wonder where he got the authority to say what God will do and won't do (surely that's blasphemy), after all those years who knows what he actually said. Don't agree.

    "God is Truth" - completely nonsensical religious statement. Ignored.

    "And that is where all human suffering origniates from.". So, how is that not faith when you make your conclusions from a book that provides no proof or evidence?

    "As society gets more secular and starts making judgements without God, we will become more miserable". Very debatable. God is simply a human invention. And why your God, anyway, and not Zeus?

    In any case, I disagree. I'd say that suffering noticeably decreased in our less religious times. Since we stopped believing that we'd be cured if we prayed hard enough we actually made some very nice advances in medicine - which were of course made at the cost of having to deal with opposition, and having to do research by digging out corpses from graves.

  16. Who needs stickers? by mattbot+5000 · · Score: 4, Funny

    Who needs stickers, just mod it down. The Bible, -1 Overrated since time immemorial.

  17. Re:God does exsist, and it can be proven by MightyMartian · · Score: 4, Insightful
    As society gets more secular and starts making judgements without God, we will become more miserable. That hole people have in their life, the suffering, it is our longing for something more satisfying and Good than the choices we have made.

    As opposed to what? I mean, the misery that humanity suffered so often really didn't start to be dealt with until the Enlightenment. Christianity specifically, and religion in general, had had thousands of years to do its part, but it wasn't until humanist philosophers and political theorists came along that suddenly we saw some real interest in making life better. All Christianity had done up until that point was to be used as an apologetic for tyrants of various types (popes, kings, princes and emperors) to do whatever they wanted. Even the chief Protestant himself, Luther, had little or no sympathy for the average peasant in Europe at the time.

    At least secular society gives us some hope of living together despite religious differences. I doubt very much you would like to live in the alternative. I know myself that I would hate to live at the sufferance of the faithful, who might accept my own lack of belief in their deity today, but tomorrow might decide to revoke that acceptance.

    --
    The world's burning. Moped Jesus spotted on I50. Details at 11.
  18. Re:What God made, we might not fully understand by misleb · · Score: 3, Insightful
    I am amazed at all the scientists who think they know "facts" when their theories are not really anything more then a "best guess". And their guesses care changing all the time. God's story has not changed at all.

    I've heard plenty of different version of "God's story." Each Christian sect has a slightly different version and/or interpretation. Many even believe in Evolutionary Theory and consider "God's story" to be allegorical. And then there are non-Christian religions which have totally different version's of "God's story." A lot of Creationists like to present a unified front against evolution, but we all know they are very much divided.

    I believe we should teach creationism in schools, it will serve more people better. Out of a high school graduation class of 1000, how many will go on to a career in science? Say that 700 of them go on to college and that 300 go into the work force. Of the 700, 100 decide they want to major in physics or chemistry. Of them 70 get weeded out. You now have 30 people who will continue. The other 970 people will be better served with an education that focuses on creationism.

    Ahh, so that's it. It isn't really about the truth. Tt is about what people need to know or what YOU think will serve them better. I have a better idea. Lets teach people to seek the truth and give the best known facts. At least that would be honest. You are talking about manipulating people.

    We are living in a time with relative ethics.

    Name a time when ethics were absolute and didn't vary widely between cultures and individuals. Do you mean Biblical times when people were stoned to death for adultery?

    We are living in an increasing secular society, where life means little.

    As opposed to when? Biblical times where people were, again, stoned to death for petty crimes? And whole cities were struck down by a vengeful God? How do you account for the fact that most modern societies today have abolished capital punishment? Really, I think yoiu are projecting your cynicism and disillusionment more than describing the way things are or where they are headed. You are romanticizing the past.

    We all watched in horror as the Teri Shiavo in Florida was starved to death.

    Actually, many watched in relief as a severely brain damaged woman was allowed to die. Depends on how you look at it.

    That never should have happened, in the light that there is information that her husband might have beat her the night she collapsed, and the uncertainty of her wishes.

    What shouldn't have happened is that the story should never have made the news. It should never have made it to congress. It was a private matter and I am appalled that people like felt you needed to make it your business. I know you think you have some clue about the situation, but you don't.

    Even our most prized and well written scientists believe in God. Einstein believed in God, he was quoted as saying "I want to know God's thoughts, the rest are just details".

    They believed in God and yet they didn't believe in Creation. Why do you tihnk that was? Actually, the original sciensts did believe in creation until they started investigating the natural world and found that it couldn't have been created as "God's story" says.

    -matthew

    --
    "THERE IS NO JUSTICE, THERE IS ONLY ME." -Death
  19. Question for the Abiogenesis Crowd by Pooua · · Score: 3, Insightful
    "I think this study makes the experiments by Miller and others relevant again," Toon said. "In this new scenario, organics can be produced efficiently in the early atmosphere, leading us back to the organic-rich soup-in-the-ocean concept."

    (From the UW article)

    I have a question for the abiogenesis advocates on this forum. When was Miller's experiment NOT relevant? Toon says the experiments are relevant *again*; that implies they weren't relevant at some time in the past. When was that?

    Of course, I don't ask the question without knowing the answer. I also ask it because it points out a significant flaw in the way we teach abiogenesis theory. The answer to my question is, Miller's experiments were rendered moot several DECADES ago, when all the models pointed to early Earth having an oxygenating atmosphere. No one ever has come up with a model or scenario that would give early Earth the required reducing atmosphere that would make Miller's experiment relevant. But, every time I have pointed this out to evolutionists/abiogenesis advocates over the last 2 decades (and I have done so several times in the last 20 years), they have uniformly denied its significance.

    This continues the characteristic that I find universally in the evolutionary community. They refuse to acknowledge any flaws in their accepted evolutionary model until after they believe they have a solution to those flaws.

    --
    Taking stuff apart since 1969 (TM)
  20. Re:What God made, we might not fully understand by nathanh · · Score: 3, Informative
    Even our most prized and well written scientists believe in God. Einstein believed in God,

    No, he really didn't.

    It was, of course, a lie what you read about my religious convictions, a lie which is being systematically repeated. I do not believe in a personal God and I have never denied this but have expressed it clearly. If something is in me which can be called religious then it is the unbounded admiration for the structure of the world so far as our science can reveal it. -- Einstein

    Or even better...

    From the viewpoint of a Jesuit priest I am, of course, and have always been an atheist.... I have repeatedly said that in my opinion the idea of a personal God is a childlike one. You may call me an agnostic, but I do not share the crusading spirit of the professional atheist whose fervor is mostly due to a painful act of liberation from the fetters of religious indoctrination received in youth. I prefer an attitude of humility corresponding to the weakness of our intellectual understanding of nature and of our being. -- Einstein

    Of course, Christians like to repeat the lie that Einstein believed in their particular god. You're not one of those lying Christians, are you?