Is All SPDIF Audio Output the Same?

CyberSpaZtiK asks: "I am going to build a Linux audio appliance to hold my music collection in various formats and for output to my stereo system. Because of a probable lack of Linux availability or support for audio cards with high quality D/A converters and low-noise electronics (or am I mistaken?), I want to keep the output path completelely digital by using a card with SPDIF output. However, it occurs to me that I actually know very little about SPDIF - are all SPDIF outputs made equal? Can I expect every SPDIF interface to emit the exact PCM data of the source audio, or are there over/under-sampling/aliasing, etc. issues that you sometimes get with digital signal processing? What do I need to understand about SPDIF and/or other digital output interfaces to make an informed decision?"