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NASA Plan to Return to the Moon

sjoeboo writes "NASA briefed senior White House officials Wednesday on its plan to spend $100 billion during the next 12 years building the spacecraft and rockets it needs to put humans back on the Moon by 2018. The U.S. space agency now expects to roll out its lunar exploration plan to key Congressional committees on Friday and to the broader public through a news conference on Monday."

45 of 531 comments (clear)

  1. Update on Old News by AKAImBatman · · Score: 5, Informative
    Just to be clear, this isn't new news. The CEV (Crew Exploration Vehicle) program has been designed from the beginning with orbital, trans-lunar, and lunar landing phases. What this article is about is an update on those existing plans. The bright side to this is that NASA is making real progress on the CEV program as opposed to making it a "miracle technology" that just need money poured into it as they have been so guilty of in the past. (Not that the CEV program doesn't need money. They need LOTS of money.)

    The big changes since the inception of the program have been:

    • The death of the Orbital Space Plane idea, and the birth of the CEV concept.
    • The plan to use less expensive and potentially reusable capsule technology instead of today's combined engine/habitat technology.
    • The death of the "Spiral" plan of development. Griffin has made it clear to congress that he plans to trim the fat and do this in whatever way makes sense, not according to a military development schedule.
    • As a result of the abandoning of the spiral plan, NASA believes that they can have the Orbital phase hardware completed by 2008 instead of 2011.
    • A great deal of research is being done on the use of Nuclear Engines for the later trans-Mars phase.


    IMHO, Bush's administration has done a reasonable job of making sure that we are on a viable track to returning to the moon and reaching Mars. My hope is that the next President who shows up doesn't dive in and try to change everything. The plan is good. It only needs some nursemaiding, not micromanagement from on high. Thankfully there's a great deal of pressure to replace the Space Shuttle, so the future President may be willing to just let NASA do their job.

    (FYI, Wikipedia has been keeping extremely good track of CEV Development as it happens. While Wikipedia is not a news source, this particular article is a good place to go for the latest status of the project.)
    1. Re:Update on Old News by lgw · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The $100 billion price tag is news, however, and good news. Usually when a president (any president) tries to give NASA an objective, NASA gets pissy and invents a price tag in the trillions and announces that everyones favorite programs will all have to be cut and 10,000 kittens slain to achieve that goal. That sort of turf war doesn't help anyone.

      This seems ike a legitimate plan with a reasonable price tag, however, and I'm excited to hear it! Short timelines? Nuclear engines? This is the NASA that once kicked so much ass! I completely agree: it's now about whether the next president will ruin it.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    2. Re:Update on Old News by Chosen+Reject · · Score: 4, Funny

      They'll probably have to kill a lot more if they're going to use this guy's engine.

      --
      Stop Global Warming!
      Just say no to irreversible processes!
    3. Re:Update on Old News by The+Lynxpro · · Score: 3, Interesting

      "Bush's administration has done a reasonable job of making sure that we are on a viable track to returning to the moon and reaching Mars. My hope is that the next President who shows up doesn't dive in and try to change everything."

      Or completely cancel it like what the fresh-at-the-time Clinton Administration did to Project Prometheus, which the current Bush Administration thankfully restarted.

      --
      "Right now, somewhere in this world, Scott Baio is plowing a woman he doesn't love," - Peter Griffin, *Family Guy*
    4. Re:Update on Old News by Profane+MuthaFucka · · Score: 5, Informative

      The death of the "Spiral" plan of development.

      I had to look up the term, so I'll save someone else the trouble to describe what spiral plan is. (info from Wikipedia)

      Spiral One (CEV Earth Orbit Capability)
      Spiral Two (Extended Lunar Exploration)
      Spiral Three (Long Duration Lunar Exploration)
      Spiral Four (Crew Transportation System Mars Flyby)
      Spiral Five (Human Mars Surface Campaign)

      Basically it's a progressive development of the basic vehicle into 5 different vehicles with different and increasing capabilities. It comes from the military development experience.

      The proposal to eliminate this phased approach comes up because the military development experience doesn't appear to match NASA's requirements and procedures. There are steps in there that are probably unnecessary (spiral 2 and 4). The phases do not necessarily build on each other.

      The new plan abandons spirals entirely, in favor of blocks and stages. If that sentence elicits a 'WTF' from you, just read on:

      Stage I, Block I is a LEO vehicle for taking over space station construction from the Shuttle.
      Stage II, Block II is an interplanetary vehicle built in the same shape as the Block I vehicle. That vehicle will be able to fly to the moon, Mars, La Grange points, and so forth.
      Stage III, no block, are lander modules that will work on the moon, mars, or both, with the Block II spacecraft.

      So, it turns out that despite the screwey naming of the stages and blocks, the plan is actually quite a bit different that the spiral plan described. Maybe Wikipedia has just confused these Stages and Blocks a bit.

      The only problem that I have with all this is the use of the SRB as a basis for a man-rated space launcher. That's a big WTF to me, and I really wish they'd go with an all-liquid fuel booster.

      --
      Fascism trolls keeping me up every night. When I starts a preachin', he HITS ME WITH HIS REICH!
    5. Re:Update on Old News by infinite9 · · Score: 5, Funny

      10,000 kittens slain

      That's a lot of masturbation.

      --
      Disconnect your television. Do your own research. Draw your own conclusions. They're probably lying. Don't be a sheep.
    6. Re:Update on Old News by flyingsquid · · Score: 4, Insightful
      I completely agree: it's now about whether the next president will ruin it.

      Odds are, the current one already has. We're fighting a war, and currently spending about a billion dollars a week doing that. A reasonable guess is that the insurgency will take five or ten years to defeat. Meanwhile, taxes have been cut for those Americans who can most afford them. Things might not have been so bad if we'd had any sort of planning for the postwar situation, or if we'd gone in with a real multinational force, or if we'd simply stayed home, but what's done is done.

      The result is that the U.S. owes a lot of money. Sooner or later, the Federal government will either need to raise taxes, cut spending, or both. Even if future administrations support the mission, in that kind of climate, 100 billion (perhaps more, knowing how these things tend to turn out for NASA) is gonna be a tough sell.

    7. Re:Update on Old News by NatteringNabob · · Score: 4, Insightful

      [My hope is that the next President who shows up doesn't dive in and try to change everything.]

      My hope is the next President jumps in and compares the cost/benefit ratio of putting a couple of people on the moon for a few days with the cost/benefit ration of every other science project, including unmanned exploration, and the cost/benefit ratio of every other activity that the government could be involved in, and then selects the projects with the greatest cost/benefit. Putting men on the moon or Mars as a personal vanity project or to show that one can do 'the vision thing' probably isn't anywhere close to the top of the list. For example, for 100B, you could give 833,000 kids a free ride through the most expensive Universities in the country. For $100B, you could replace 5 million government vehicles with hybrids and save 500 million gallons of gas. Or reduce the Social Security deficit. Or return it to the taxpayers. Or fund 20+ Cassini-Huygens or Mars rover type missions. Bush has done a reasonable job of getting us back on track to the moon, but of all the possible challenges to the nation, is that the one that most deserves 100B of our money? I don't think so.

  2. Mars on hold... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    What happened to Mars by 2015?

    1. Re:Mars on hold... by TripMaster+Monkey · · Score: 4, Funny


      What happened to flying cars by 2000?

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      ____

      ~ |rip/\/\aster /\/\onkey

    2. Re:Mars on hold... by fsh · · Score: 3, Informative

      Bush's Vision for Space Exploration never gave a date for going to Mars. He said the Moon by 2020, and then Mars, well, sometime after that.

      --
      fsh
  3. Katrina kills this, I predict by tjstork · · Score: 4, Insightful

    With Bush set to drop $200 billion on Katrina, finding money for going to the moon is going to be difficult. However, with the Chinese headed into space again, maybe they can argue it for national security.

    --
    This is my sig.
    1. Re:Katrina kills this, I predict by Karma_fucker_sucker · · Score: 3, Insightful
      With Bush set to drop $200 billion on Katrina, finding money for going to the moon is going to be difficult

      Also include: Iraq and Afganistan wars, Tax Cuts, High Oil prices, huge budget deficits, huge trade deficits, etc ...

      The US needs a financial planner or at least a debt councilor.

      I love space exploration. I grew up wanting to be an astronaut. But I just don't see the justification for this at this time. A good distraction, I guess.

      --
      Evil people don't think they're evil. - George Lucas, Making of Ep III
    2. Re:Katrina kills this, I predict by slashdotnickname · · Score: 3, Insightful

      With Bush set to drop $200 billion on Katrina, finding money for going to the moon is going to be difficult

      No. The Katrina rebuilding phase will bring about a fairly large economic boom. The increase of both construction jobs and money being exchanged for goods/services will translate into more tax revenues. This is in addition to an already strong economy, which showed little signs of weaking after Katrina. Plus, as the need to support the Iraq conflict slows down (and it is on average despite the constant sensational reporting) there will be more revenue available for spending too. All in all, the U.S. government is not about to run out on money any time soon...

    3. Re:Katrina kills this, I predict by Armchair+Dissident · · Score: 4, Insightful

      For Russia, a man on the moon is no longer either a political imperative or an economic viability, whereas China now has both.

      China is now a serious economic power, a declared nuclear power, a "space-faring" nation (since it put a man in orbit) and a major political force. Unless I'm greatly mistaken it has already has a stated aim of putting a man on the moon.

      For China, this is - much like the American landing was - a political move: a show of power and technology as much intended as a show of power to the populous as a "tacit threat" to its political opposition.

      Remember: China is a brutal communist regime; a man on the moon would boost its international stance, and help silence critics at home. And they're not playing directly against America in a Cold War "winner takes all" game which makes it much easier, as they don't have to "get there first" they just have to get there.

      --

      The ways of gods are mysteriously indistinguishable from chance.
    4. Re:Katrina kills this, I predict by Bastian · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Didn't Intuit mail every member of Congress a free copy of Quicken maybe ~10 years ago?

      Possibly we should convince them to grow this program to include the Executive branch, and to every newly elected or appointed official.

    5. Re:Katrina kills this, I predict by sfjoe · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The US needs a financial planner or at least a debt councilor.

      Actually, I think we just need to quit electing rich boys who've never had to balance a checkbook.

      --
      It's simple: I demand prosecution for torture.
    6. Re:Katrina kills this, I predict by demachina · · Score: 4, Interesting

      "This is in addition to an already strong economy, which showed little signs of weaking after Katrina"

      Define strong economy?

      - U.S. national debt is about to cross the $8 trillion mark

      - The U.S. annual current-account deficit (trade deficit, budget deficit, etc) for 2005 was heading towards the $800 billion mark, tack on another $100 billion of deficit spending on Katrina maybe it will hit $900 billion. It was %6.4 of GDP in Q1 probably way worse in Q3 now post Katrina. Note from the chart, how the current-account deficit spiked under Reagan and George W.

      - Oil companies are making record profits and I'm sure their results alone are bouying economic numbers though they are sucking the life out of the rest of the economy to get it.

      A key point is a "strong economy" doesn't operate with staggering trade deficits or borrow massive amounts of money from other countries.

      George W. is creating synthetic prosperity:

      - Slash taxes for the wealthy
      - Dramatically increase government spending
      - Borrow vast amounts of money to make up the difference
      - Import vast quantities of cheap Chinese goods which means Americans spend less and get more (only problem is all the money they spend is going to China not to American jobs).

      All the borrowed money George W. is pumping in to the economy creates the appearance of growth. If the government pours hundreds of billions in to the economy though defense spending, medicare "reform" spending and drug benefits, incentives to energy companies(while oil companies are making money at record levels), $250 billion plus in the new highway bill to build bridges in Alaska to nowhere and massively increase farm subsidies.

      The Bush administration has passed one massive federal spending program after another to artificially pump the economy. The rebuild the Gulf bill will just be the next in line. The return to the Moon and Mars is chump change by comparison. Sure the U.S. can afford $10 billion a year for that, it can't afford the hundreds of billions its squandering elsewhere.

      You want to create phenomenal 10% growth in GDP, just borrow $1 trillion dollars and pump it in to a $10 trillion economy through government spending. The problem is the wheels fall off as soon as foreign countries stop buying your debt, the debt servicing kills youm and you are mortgaging the future for easy prosperity today.

      --
      @de_machina
  4. Modern technology by ucblockhead · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Nice to see that with modern 21st technology, we can make it to the moon in only thirteen years, as opposed to the long eight year program it took forty years ago.

    --
    The cake is a pie
    1. Re:Modern technology by fsh · · Score: 5, Informative

      Nah, it's more like modern budgeting. We're simply not willing to put 3-5% of the federal budget behind such a program, like we did with Apollo. NASA *as a whole* now comprises less than 1% of the federal budget.

      --
      fsh
    2. Re:Modern technology by oni · · Score: 5, Insightful

      We could be on the moon by the end of the month if someone was willing to pay for it and if we could accept risk.

      When someone died in an accident in the '60s we the American people dusted ourselves off and got back on the horse. After the Apollo I accident, an investigation was performed and a report was presented in only three months. And then NASA went back to work going to the Moon. After Challenger, "OMFG! We should just cancel the space program! OMFG! OMFG!" And then years later we finally started flying again and years after that another, completely unrelated accident and, "OMFG THESE THINGS ARE DEATH TRAPS!"

      One of the reasons we don't do things like go to the Moon anymore is that we're wimps. We don't accept risks and we crucify people who do.

      The other reason is money. The cost of the Apollo program in 2005 dollars was nearly $200 billion, and that doesn't include the other programs like Gemini etc. Now we're going to do more (more as in, it's got to be 99.999% safe this time because we can't accept any risk at all) and we're going to do it for less. It should be a little cheaper because of modern computers etc. But not *that* much cheaper! Rockets are rockets. They haven't changed much in 50 years. They should still cost about the same.

      And again, the culture is really whimpy now. The space program was a point of national pride back then. These days people are embarrassed to show any pride in their country - it's not fair that we have a space program and Zimbabwe doesn't. Plus, if you dare to spend $1 on science there will always be a crowd of idiots screaming, "OMFG some kid is poor* we can't spend this money on science until after every other problem on earth is solved!!!"

      *poor in this case means that his family only has one TV and doesn't even have Tivo and somehow they managed to buy enough food to become morbidly obese but we still call them poor because otherwise we'd have to ask if maybe their lifestyle is influenced more by behaviors than by money or opportunity.

    3. Re:Modern technology by oni · · Score: 3, Insightful

      This country is ranked something like 43rd in rate of infant mortality. That's bad.

      Until you learn why. In the US, we go to extrodinary (some would argue, stupid) measures to save premature babies. If a baby is born three months early in some other countries, sure they put it on an incubator, but when it dies an hour later they call it, "stillborn" and it doesn't count against their infant mortality statistics. For whatever reason, in the US we keep that baby alive on machines for weeks and we we finally admit defeat, we call it the death of a three week old baby.

      As to poverty, another poster already replied to you and pointed out that Cuba has a lower poverty rate than the US. That just shows how (like the infant mortality rates) poverty statistics are BS. While in the military I had the opportunity to travel all over the world. I have seen poor people. I know what poor is. I have yet to see a single person who is below even one standard deviation *above* the mean standard of living for all humans. In other words, even the poorest of the poor in the US look pretty damn good next to what you see in other countries. I give to the poor. I feel sorry for people in the US who can't afford nice clothes etc. But I'm not fooling myself - they are still a lot better off than most human beings. I wish they had more and I help where I can, but I know they aren't really poor by the standard of the rest of the world.

  5. 2018?! by dustinbarbour · · Score: 3, Insightful

    It only took us 9 damn years to get there in the first place! Now that we already have the technology to make it there, they want 13 years?! Fuck that shit. Thye should be able to get there in at most 5 years. I'll bet $100 NASA's beaten by the Chinese or Burt Rutan. Any takers?

    1. Re:2018?! by Ruprecht+the+Monkeyb · · Score: 4, Insightful

      There is a big difference between getting there and staying there. The original race to the moon, while a spectacular achievement, was not intended to result in a routinely repeatable capability. Quick, cheap, right -- pick one.

  6. What do you mean "Return to the moon"? by soft_guy · · Score: 4, Funny

    Everyone knows the moon landing were faked.

    Besides, I would think that $100 Billion is too much. The price of motion picture special effects has come down a lot since the 60s.

    --
    Avoid Missing Ball for High Score
  7. What a waste by A+nonymous+Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

    They have no reason for going to the moon. At least Apollo had a reason, the space race against the evil commies, but this time, not even that much. No doubt we'll go there a few times and stop again.

    Moon colonies would be great, from a science fiction point of view, but without an actual practical reason that involves real colonists with real practical uses, this new moon plan will be just another short sighted waste of time and money. I'd rather that money was spent on technology that had actual uses for most people. Don't preach to me about spin-offs. There would be just as many spin-offs from orbital hotels or quiet and environmentally friendly hypersonic transports or practical electric cars with batteries to go 500 miles.

    1. Re:What a waste by AKAImBatman · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Don't preach to me about spin-offs.

      Okay. How about I preach about lowering the costs of space transport? How about I preach about the billions of tons of cheap ore that could result? How about I preach about the free energy obtained from solar mirrors focused on space engines? How about I preach about a future where dangerous and toxic industries can be moved off the Earth? How about I preach about a future where man can thrive across the solar system, guaranteeing safety from little things like asteriods? How about I preach about a future where the power of the Sun is harnessed to power trips to other star systems? How about I preach about a future where truely inexpensive science probes can be launched to finally reveal the remaining secrets of the universe? How about I preach of a future with unimaginably technology that results from the science done?

      How about we get off this rock and finally do something other than IM each other about Britney Spears or Paris Hilton? How about it?

    2. Re:What a waste by soft_guy · · Score: 4, Funny

      How about we get off this rock and finally do something other than IM each other about Britney Spears or Paris Hilton?

      Yeah, because IMing each other about Paris Hilton would be so totally awesome on the moon!

      --
      Avoid Missing Ball for High Score
  8. Unmanned space flight mafia by October_30th · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Just watch. All this will be brought to nothing by the unmanned space flight mafia. It's just too attractive politically to push for unmanned space flight where there are no risks. We're slowly becoming a race of cowards when it comes to exploring new frontiers.

    --
    The owls are not what they seem
    1. Re:Unmanned space flight mafia by October_30th · · Score: 5, Insightful
      send a robot with a scanning tunneling electron microscope, a chemistry package, a DNA sequencer, and 10 other instruments related to the science of microbes, and then study the collected data remotely.

      And how many such probes have we have sent out? How much have we missed out by not having people out (desk jockeys with joysticks don't count) there deciding what to probe with the existing hardware we have actually managed to land?

      Quite frankly, as a professional scientist, the argument that computers and probes make better scientists than us human beings offends me. It's like saying that once you've mastered how to use a chemistry package or a DNA sequencer, you're a scientist. That's just technique. Science is intuitive art.

      PS. It's Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM).

      --
      The owls are not what they seem
  9. Whatever happened to "within this decade?" by dpbsmith · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I don't care whether you define that "this decade" as starting in the year 2000 or the year 2005... ...if NASA could do it within a decade in the 1960s, why can't they do it within a decade now?

  10. Re:Why is this so hard ? by narcolepticjim · · Score: 4, Funny

    I heard that the plans for the Saturn rockets are lost. A quick check, however, revealed that they are not.

    I now have no reason for posting this message.

  11. Re:Why bother ? we all know its George Bush bulls* by crymeph0 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Say what you will about Bush, he deserves a lot of it (and I even voted for him), but emphasizing manned space exploration will pay off big-time for general space science in the long run.

    If we can get launch costs down (the best way to do that short of a miracle breakthrough is frequent launches) and a *productive* human outpost that is capable of 'living off the land', we'll get amazing robots assembled in space that don't have these severe mass limitations we get down here. If you can assemble your rocket engine from lunar materials, of course you can build a whiz-bang robot explorer.

    --
    It should be illegal to say that freedom of speech should be limited.
  12. Not really that much money by fsh · · Score: 5, Informative
    Here's a link to NASA's 2004 Budgetary Analysis, done about a year ago (there should be a new one out sometime soon).

    If you look about halfway down, you'll see that the budget of the CEV is far outweighed by NASA's other activities, as well as being less than the amount budgeted for the Space Shuttle.

    --
    fsh
  13. Weasel Words / Read the Fine Print by Tackhead · · Score: 4, Interesting
    > NASA briefed senior White House officials Wednesday on its plan to spend $100 billion and the next 12 years building the spacecraft and rockets it needs to put humans back on the Moon by 2018.

    Read between the lines.

    Not "to get to the moon". Not "to put humans back on the moon". But "building the spacecraft and rockets it needs to".

    In 2018, NASA will have spent $100B (or about $8-10B a year, probably around half to 3/4 of its bugdet). At the end of that timeframe, NASA will have contracted out the design and production of a new spacecraft, and some new rockets.

    That's it. There's no lunar mission in there. There probably isn't even the planning for a lunar mission in there.

    Most likely, the new spacecraft and rockets will either continue to fly into low earth orbit to service the white elephant known as ISS.

    To blue-sky for a minute - the timeframe from 2018 to 2024 will be used for planning a lunar mission. The mission will be funded for the timeframe from 2018-2030. By which time, the spacecraft and rockets developed around 2015 will be obsolete scrap.

    We're going to divert a lot of funds that could be used for science (which might be OK if we were going somewhere), but the fact of the matter is - just like 30 years ago, unless you count the contracts that'll get farmed out to every Congressional district, we're not going anywhere.

  14. It's not going to happen. by Colin+Smith · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Set a date, any date, as long as it's two or more presidencies away and you basically don't have to come through with your promises, even better, someone else will take the blame.

    Basically there isn't the political will to do something like this so they kick it into the long grass and allow schedules to slide, costs to rise until it becomes too expensive and has to be cut.

    They're talking 100 billion anyway. They'd be better offering a 100 million prize for an orbital vehicle, half a billion prize for a lunar orbiter, a billion or two for a lunar base etc.

    --
    Deleted
  15. The Plan by halcyon1234 · · Score: 5, Funny
    "to put humans back on the Moon by 2018."

    ... where they will be greeted by the Chinese, Indians, Japanese, Russians, Canadians, and every college student with a "Build Yourself An Interplanetary Space Craft" kit ordered from craigslist.

  16. Re:Why is this so hard ? by AKAImBatman · · Score: 4, Interesting

    The Saturn V plans are not lost, but the rocket effectively is. The Saturn V was built with heavy industry, electronics, and computer technology that simply doesn't exist anymore. To update the existing rocket would make less sense than simply building a new one.

    (Side Note: Someone once mentioned that the Saturn V's electronics were designed to cope with the electronic lag in transmissions by sending commands early. If the same design were followed in an update, the rocket would destroy itself because those early commands would be transmitted instantanously. Who knows how many more of these gotchas are in the design?)

    NASA has the right plan here. The Space Shuttle engines are more powerful than the Saturn V ever was. By reusing the technology, NASA can build something better than the Saturn V in a relatively short amount of time.

  17. Mod Parent +100 :) by Quiet_Desperation · · Score: 5, Insightful
    "OMFG some kid is poor* we can't spend this money on science until after every other problem on earth is solved!!!"

    That's the one that causes me to have the blood pressure of a morbidly obese chain smoker. Some day people are going to wake up and realize that, well, we are NOT going to solve all the problems here on Earth. Ever. We'll be lucky to solve half. We can't solve problems when society refuses to recognize the true causes, which in many cases is "people are stoooopid." We need to focus on the big ones like energy, somehow eradicating the memes that make people vote for monsters or fly planes into buildings and getting the educational system out of the hands of the ideologues, be they on the Left (feed good education) or the Right (anti-science).

    Anyway, it looks like the private space sector might actually be showing some life, so f*ck NASA. I'm updating my resume to send out to Rutan's company and maybe a couple others. I'm going to be there, baby!

  18. Re:How to recoup costs by Mercano · · Score: 3, Funny

    Wait, I thought Tom Hanks WAS an astronaut!

    --
    #include <signature.h>
  19. Return to the Moon Prizes by Baldrson · · Score: 3, Insightful
    $100 billion budget?

    Here's a seat-of-the-pants outline of prizes that achieve the goal:

    $5 billion:

    $1 billion prize each for the first five launches, to earth orbit, of a mass equivalent to the LEO payload of the Saturn V.

    $5 billion

    $1 billion prize for each set of 5 successful consecutive launches for the same system, to earth orbit, of a mass equivalent to the LEO payload of the Saturn V. (That's $200M/reliable launch payout.)
    $5 billion
    $1 billion prize for each insertion into lunar swing-around trajectory of a mass at least equal to the fully loaded Apollo LEM+command module. A portion of the mass at least equivalent to the Apollo command module reentering the Earth's atmosphere and being recovered without burning up.
    $5 billion
    $1 billion prize for each of 5 soft landings on the moon of a mass equivlent to the fully loaded Apollo LEM.
    $5 billion
    $1 billion prize for each of 5 soft landings on the moon of a LEM mass equivalent and return, by a mass equivalent of the Apollo ascent module, to dock with a command module mass-equivalent.
    $5 billion
    $ billion prize for each of 5 returns to earth of the command module mass-equivalent after docking with the Apollo ascent module mass-equivalent returning from the lunar surface.
    We're not even 1/3 of the way through the budget and we've got a system that can transport the mass equivalent of the Apollo missions.

    ...on to the manned prizes...

    Where we go from here is a choice I leave to you...

  20. Re:Time For NASA Sunset by lgw · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The time has come to put an end to this sort of waste.

    So, New orleans would have been better off with no warning of the approaching hurricane at all? Cause, you know, those weather sattelites are just the sort of waste we need to put an end to?

    The space program has had few side-benefits in recent years because we haven't been pushing our limits, merely doing things we already knew how to do. If we embrace a new space program with a goal we don't know how to achieve, we will once again reap ten times what we spend. That's what happens when you force yourself to invent new technologies.

    --
    Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
  21. Re:Why is this so hard ? by Rorschach1 · · Score: 4, Informative

    SSMEs more powerful? I think not.

    F-1: 1,500,000 lbf
    SSME: 400,000 lbf

    More efficient, sure. Isp = 452 sec for the SSME, and something like 260 sec for the F-1. But the shuttle engines are most certainly not more powerful.

  22. Re:Why is this so hard ? by AKAImBatman · · Score: 3, Insightful

    The F-1's and the SSME's don't compare. The proper comparison is:

    SRB: 3,300,000 lbf
    F-1: 1,500,000 lbf

    SSME: 400,000 lbf
    J-2: 200,000 lbf

    All combined, the Space Shuttle is a more powerful vehicle. It produces more thrust, higher efficiencies, and can lift significantly more weight to orbit.