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Commission Suggests UK Should End Astronaut Ban

An anonymous reader writes "According to the BBC a British scientific panel has recommended that the British Government should end its ban on human space flight. The Royal Astronomical Society (RAS) Commission pursued a 9-month investigation into 'The Scientific Case for Human Space Flight'. Professor Frank Close, Chair of the Commission, said, 'We commenced this study without preconceived views and with no formal connection to planetary exploration. Our personal backgrounds made us lean towards an initial skepticism on the scientific value of human involvement in such research.' The commission concluded that 'profound scientific questions relating to the history of the solar system and the existence of life beyond Earth can best - perhaps only - be achieved by human exploration on the Moon or Mars, supported by appropriate automated systems.'"

20 of 233 comments (clear)

  1. ehhh.... by SkankinMonkey · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Isn't the real question - Why was it banned in the first place?

    1. Re:ehhh.... by QuantumG · · Score: 4, Informative

      Because it was considered by just about every scientist alive at the time of Apollo that there was absolutely no scientific value in sending a man to the Moon. Not just British scientists but Americian scientists too held this opinion. Many still hold this opinion today.

      --
      How we know is more important than what we know.
    2. Re:ehhh.... by baadger · · Score: 4, Interesting

      No, I believe the 'real question' is why did we give up on our space program in the first place, really just a few years before people started seeing and reaping the commercial benefits of satellite technology.

      It is feasibly that if we had continued our efforts, unclamped by the government, we may have put a man in space ourselves.

      There was recently a brilliantly put together but saddening documentary on the highlights of the British space program on the BBC. Unfortunately there isn't a torrent in sight (if anyone finds one PLEASE me know) and there aren't many central sources for general information on the era to be found with Google (unless you know specific project names).

      Britain's first space pioneers - A nice summary of British space efforts, courtesy of the BBC.

    3. Re:ehhh.... by identity0 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I don't think that's what the original poster was asking. The question wasn't 'why not send a man to space', but 'why ban sending a man to space'. The point being, why was it nessecery to ban it, as opposed to just deciding not to do it?

      Japan, Europe and Israel, for example, have very good space programs with no manned flights, but none of them saw the need to ban it.

      Is it like the old joke -
      "In America, everything which is not banned is legal.
      In Germany, everything which is not allowed is illegal.
      In Soviet Russia, everything which is not banned is mandatory."

      "In Britain, everything which is not worth doing is banned."?

      Does this ban extend to private spaceflight as well?

    4. Re:ehhh.... by meringuoid · · Score: 4, Interesting
      After all, perhaps one reason they haven't before now is because the UK or another member country has had these kind of objections.

      Quite a lot of the reason, actually. ESA had a project in the 1980s to build a small spaceplane called Hermes. It was going quite nicely, then the Americans accidentally blew up one of their shuttles and that caused a bit of a flap over here too. Subsequent redesigns sent the thing way over budget. The Germans got cross at being asked to pay far too much for the thing, especially with the British refusing to pay anything at all for a manned spacecraft. End result: what was very nearly an independent European spacecraft ended up as a pile of extremely expensive paperwork.

      Since then European cosmonauts have mostly flown as passengers on Soyuz and sometimes on the Shuttle. This is a bit annoying, but then... Soyuz just works. What's to stop ESA contracting the Russians to provide capsules and rockets and conducting a space programme that way?

      --
      Real Daleks don't climb stairs - they level the building.
  2. Interesting... by geo_2677 · · Score: 5, Interesting

    that the report comes out couple of days after the Chinese astronauts return to Planet Earth.

  3. Didn't know we had one by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    "Come in Swindon. I'm at the top of the ladder now. Ohhh, it's very high, I can see my house from up here! I'm still a long way away..I think we'll need more ladders."

    Eddie Izzard sums out the British philosophy to space exploration.

  4. Maybe.... by Kelz · · Score: 4, Funny

    Because you can't have tea in space?

  5. Re:WTF? by QuantumG · · Score: 5, Informative

    What's hard to understand? There was a ban placed on the use of public funds to do manned space exploration because it was considered a waste of money by the scientific community. When you consider how much money is wasted on the ISS every year you gotta appreciate they may have a point.

    --
    How we know is more important than what we know.
  6. Re:Maybe the ban was on "Astronauts"... by Guppy06 · · Score: 4, Funny

    Considering the whole "aluminum" vs. "aluminium" flamewar we've had in a recent story (it's like vi vs. emacs, only there's no ed), it seems all they'd need to be "culturally different" is to throw in a few extra letters. "Astrounaughtte?"

  7. In related news by Council · · Score: 4, Funny

    In related news, India, New Zealand, Australia, South Africa, the Maldives, Gambia, Canada, Hong Kong, and all the other former British colonies banded together to send a message to the moon, Mars, and the other planets. It read "Watch out for these guys! They've got a flag!"

    --
    xkcd.com - a webcomic of mathematics, love, and language.
  8. Money by WindBourne · · Score: 4, Interesting

    There is a limited supply of it. The question is, do you focus on the automated robotics or on the human missions?

    A good example is that GWB is gearing NASA to spend heavily on the moon shot. So they just fired 300 top engineers at JPL. JPL has done a fair number of the automated systems. I would expect that the private enterprise will pick these ppl up. Most have a great deal of talent and interest.

    The moon shot will costs more than a 100 billion dollars to get us back there. Hopefully this time, we do not dismantle such an expensive set-up.

    --
    I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
    1. Re:Money by WindBourne · · Score: 4, Interesting
      Unless I see the accounting figures broken down on paper, I cannot fathom such a missing costing 100 billion. It's not like we need to start from scratch all over again. The research and development has been done. The only major costs associated nowdays should be mainly hardware and administration.

      Ok, lets look at what those 4 steps entail.
      First off, we will be creating 2 rockets from the current shuttle stack.
      That means that the solid BOOSTER will now be turned into a man capable rocket. In order to get a human rating (vs. just freight), requires a great deal more tests. You have heard about all the issues of the Airbus A-380, right? Well, this is far more rigorous.

      In addition to creating the rocket, we will have to create a CEV; A crew exploration vehicle.
      Just determining which company to give it to, will cost NASA some 1-2 billion. The ship itself will probably be 10 billion or better (I am betting closer to 15).

      The above will get us with a crew of 6 up to the ISS. The good news, is that the launch cost is a fraction of what it costs today. In addition, we will be able to take the ISS back up to 7-12 ppl.

      From there, we then need the HVL vehicle. That is nothing more than moving the 3 engines from the shuttle to 5 on the bottom of the fuel tank. In addition, we will change the boosters to have 5 segments rather than 4. We currently are able to put some odd 28 tonnes into space via the shuttle (at a cost of 1 billion). When the new HVL is done, we will put 128 Tonnes in one shot (at a cost of 1.5-2 billion). This craft will also have to be human rated, which means undergoing rigourous testing.

      Then we need a whole new system that lands on the moon, and takes off again. That entire system is quite a bit more nebulus, but it will probably look like our old apollo stuff, but much bigger.

      The above illustrates parts of the costs for getting into space and to the moon, and back safely. You mentioned Burt Rutan's works as an example for NASA to follow. Well, First off, Burt did not go high. He went 60 miles. Well, now he needs to go to 300 miles. My understanding is that it gets exponentially harder as you go higher. There are no off-the-shelf stuff for this. In fact, the tspace group is looking to develop a great deal. The capsule that burt did, has a minimal life support system. It is nothing compared to what NASA does to get ppl to the ISS let alone to the moon. remember, once you are on your way to the moon, there really is no rescue group for you (hence tspace's idea of multiple groups going; not a bad idea). So these systems are designed and built to work. period. But it does not come cheap. Yet.

      --
      I prefer the "u" in honour as it seems to be missing these days.
  9. Technological advancement by gringer · · Score: 5, Funny

    But if the UK ends up inventing things related to space flight, then all they'll have to research after that will be the following:

    Future Tech 1
    Future Tech 2
    Future Tech 3 ...

    --
    Ask me about repetitive DNA
  10. Simple: UK has no suitable launch sites by evilandi · · Score: 4, Funny

    The answer to both of those questions is: The UK doesn't have any good launch sites. We're in Northern Europe, in case you hadn't noticed, and you can't launch rockets from there (at least, not without considerably higher costs/risks than doing it closer to the equator).

    It comes down to empire. The French still exhert ownership over a couple of countries that have good launch sites. The UK does not.

    The idea of us ringing up the Australians and saying "What ho! We're going to build a rocket base in your outback. Look, I know you chaps think you're independent now, but Queen Liz says to tell you to bally well stuff off" is just not going to fly, I'm afraid.

    True, we're part of the European Space Agency.

    But it seems rather pointless to have a space programme when you have to ask other people to launch it for you.

    Especially if those other people are the French.

    I do hope I don't have to explain quite how horrifying the idea of a British citizen patriotically launching into space to the sound of "Cinq... quatre... trios... deux... un!" sounds to the average Brit.

    --
    Andrew Oakley - www.aoakley.com
  11. Re:It wasn't BANNED.... by RocketGeek · · Score: 5, Informative
    Actually, it was as more than a case of any projects/research not being funded, it was as good as banned.

    Sorry, your comments are wrong.

    There was, and still is, for instance, an active policy "against" space launch technology in the UK, which has been in place since the days of Blue Streak. Partly due to having 650 or so mainly arts graduates sitting in a large debating chamber and not understanding why we are consistently throwing away technological opportunities, partly due to pressure in the past from our supposed partner the other side of the pond leaning on us to drop launch technology and use theirs (shades of other programmes such as TSR2 and Skybolt), and partly due to an active dislike of space within Whitehall, and a major and irrational dislike against launch technology and manned space.

    I have been in space meetings in the UK where government representatives have said do not under any circumstances mention anything to do with manned space. To which my response is to give them the finger. To say they have wasted a generation's talents which could have been used on space technology in the UK would be an understatement. They've wasted at least 2 generations.

    The whole HOTOL, and later SKYLON lack of support from the UK government, and lack of participation in FESTIP is yet another example of this myopic, and moronic attitude by some faceless bureaucrats in Whitehall. An attitude that they have passed on down the years.

    So yes, banned is an appropriate word for manned involvement in space and the UK government.

  12. From the country that taught us by hey! · · Score: 4, Interesting
    all the world's a stage:

    The report warns Britain risks being isolated on the international stage if it continues its longstanding refusal to fund the human exploration of space.

    This kind of reasoning makes me break out in hives. It's like saying the way to be an innovative company is to look at other innovative companies and copy what they do. Sometimes the thing to do when everyone is doing A is to find something the B that everybody else is not doing, where marginal returns are higher.

    The RAS expert panel says the cost of joining other nations with astronaut programmes could be some £150m a year...

    Current policy only allows for tax payers' money to be spent on robotic missions, which means the UK, although a member state of the European Space Agency (Esa), gives no funds to Esa's astronaut corps...

    As part of its fact-finding exercise, the RAS panel tested public opinion through the BBC News website.

    So, putting two and two together, this is political and diplomatic rather than scientific an technical. Which is not to say "not worthwhile", but justifications have to be found elsewhere. A couple of hundred million pounds a year is not going to get Britain its own space capability by a long shot, but it will allow it to play with other nations.

    The men say robotic missions to the Moon and Mars can answer many of the questions we want to ask about the origin of the Solar System and the evolution of life within it - but machines do not yet have the ingenuity and flexibility of people.

    "Humans are good at making decisions that are impossible to predict ahead of time," said Dr Dudeney.

    "They can deviate from assigned tasks and kick over a rock just because it's a different colour and looks interesting. But there is a symbiosis between machines and man; it's not one versus the other, it's about what they can do together."

    As a counter example,engineers on the Mars Exploration Rover Mission found their equipment could be kept functioning well past their orignial goals and decided to keep them doing science until they die. We won't be doing that with astronauts. It might be the next best step for marginal returns is a manned mission, but I doubt it. My point here is that we should not be overly concerned with the apparent flexibility of a mission component, which after all people would be, without taking into the account their impact on the overall flexibility of the mission and the program.

    I wonder if some British national pride was hurt by the failure of the Beagle 2. That mission was way outside the box in terms of ambition for funding. It might have been a brilliant success. The lesson of the Beagle 2 mission should NOT be (in my opinion) that robotic missions are too risky. It should be that taking ambitious risks entails experiencing failure, otherwise it's neither ambitious or risky. Put in perspective, Britain could have launched twenty Beagle 2 missions (more if fixed costs are amortized) for the price of the dual Mars Exploration Rover mission; if it had a 10% chance of success they'd be in the same place in terms of mission success, but gained a great deal more technical expertise. Not only would this expertise enhance national prestige indirectly through increased capabilities, I believe that success after a number of failures would yield more prestige directly, ironic though that may be. It would remind people that you're trying something difficult and risky.

    I'm not against manned space exploration; I'm for getting the most science out of our buck -- er -- pound. I'm not convinced that a manned mission is scientifically or technically the best marginal investment at this time. Even in terms of national prestige, I'm not convinced that manned missions are what they used to be. If the public wants to see George Clooney in a s

    --
    Post may contain irony: discontinue use if experiencing mood swings, nausea or elevated blood pressure.
  13. There has been one British astronaut by CdXiminez · · Score: 4, Informative

    There has been one British astronaut flying under a UK flag, Helen Sharman, on a Soyuz, in 1991.

  14. Re:Maybe the ban was on "Astronauts"... by aussie_a · · Score: 5, Funny

    it seems all they'd need to be "culturally different" is to throw in a few extra letters.

    Well done at rewriting history. Brits don't had in extra letters, Americans remove letters willy nilly. Everyone knows it's truly Astronaught, which was one of the reasons the Brittish banned manned space flight. Unfortunately this article doesn't mention that problem at all.

  15. Sad statement by amightywind · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Because it was considered by just about every scientist alive at the time of Apollo that there was absolutely no scientific value in sending a man to the Moon. Not just British scientists but Americian scientists too held this opinion. Many still hold this opinion today.

    This is such a sad statement, and inaccurate. The Apollo missions were incredibly productive. The first geological exploration another world? 6 missions exploring amazingly diverse sites. Apollo contibuted greatly geomorphology, volcanology, geochemistry, isotope studies, remnote sensing, mapping... The Apollo mission reports are still available. Read them. I doubt you will feel the same way. As a former planetary geologist I can assure you that that opinion is not widespread in that community.

    If you say this about Apollo, what do you think about the pointless research on the even more expensive space station?

    --
    an ill wind that blows no good