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Microlensing Uncovers Earth-Like Planet

smooth wombat writes "Using a new technique called gravitational microlensing, a team of astronomers have discovered the smallest Earth-like planet circling a star 20,000 light years away in the constellation Sagittarius. Unfortunately the planet takes ten years to circle the red dwarf and has a surface temperature estimated at -220 C which means it's just a larger version of Pluto so the chance of finding life on this planet is essentially zero."

26 of 263 comments (clear)

  1. Wait... by scolby · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Unfortunately the planet takes ten years to circle the red dwarf and has a surface temperature estimated at -220 C which means it's just a larger version of Pluto so the chance of finding life on this planet is essentially zero.
    So it's earth-like how?

    1. Re:Wait... by Alotau · · Score: 4, Insightful

      From the article:
      "This is the most Earth-like planet we have discovered to date, in terms of its mass and the distance from its parent star," he told BBC News. "Most of the other planets that have been discovered are either much more massive, much hotter or both."

      He is an astronomer, so when saying it was Earth-like he was, of course, speaking relatively.

    2. Re:Wait... by mrsev · · Score: 5, Insightful

      "at -220 C .......so the chance of finding life on this planet is essentially zero."

      I get fed up with people saying this. Our data set for planets that can support life is 1. We have no idea what "other" lifeforms can survive. Pretty much everywhere we look on earth we find life.

      We find it at +120C at several thousand atmospheres of pressure next to thermal vents.

      We find it at -40 C under meters of ice.

      We find it living in our stomachs at a pH of less than 2.0.

      We find it making a living from cleaning the insides of a sharks mouth.

      I am sure that if you go into the charred remains of Reactor core number 4 chernobyl you will find plenty of life.

      All you need for life is some form of energy that can be harnessed and some raw materials to use. There is no justification for saying that we should look for life at 300 kelvin and 1 atmoshphere pressure and 20% oxygen. For the report on a "scientific" article it is just lame speculation dressed as informed fact.

    3. Re:Wait... by Alex+P+Keaton+in+da · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Arrgh- Who says the chance of finding life isn't very good? How would we even know what we are looking for as far as intelligent life? The only "intelligent" life that any of us know is on Earth... and we assume that intelligent life will look like us to some degree. Perhaps our imaginations aren't big enough to even have any idea as to what exists out there, and perhaps we are missing tons of it. Who is to say that there isn't intelligent life in the form of a vapor, or a thinking rock somewhere in the universe? Perhpas a scencient star? Maybe we have been spoiled by Star Trek, where the life in the universe wore different colored pajamas and spoke with Russian accents? (I am not digging at Star Trek, I love the shows)
      I hate to use a middle manager term, but what we need is a paradigm shift. To assume intelligent life would warm blooded and bipedal may be a mistake. Who knows what forms are out there?

      --
      And All I Ask is a Tall Ship And a Star to Steer Her By
    4. Re:Wait... by birge · · Score: 4, Insightful

      well, you generally don't find complex life at temperatures where water and most (all?) hydrocarbons freeze, do you? i'm sorry you're 'fed up' with this kind of rampant speculation, but given that life anywhere will still have to obey the same physics, it's unlikely we'll find complex life at temperatures where little chemical activity takes place, and where pretty much everything is solid.

    5. Re:Wait... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      "at -220 C .......so the chance of finding life on this planet is essentially zero."

      Actually, this is entirely true. We can't even *find* life on Mars. The chance of *finding* life on a planet 20,000 light years away *is* essentially zero.

      The chance of it *having* life, which is what we really care about, is unknown.

    6. Re:Wait... by mrsev · · Score: 4, Insightful

      OK Ill bite:

      >>well, you generally don't find complex life at temperatures where water and most (all?) hydrocarbons freeze,

      Life on earth evolved to use complex hydrocarbons because they "work" well at the temperatures we experiance. Remember that we live at around 300 kelvin. Some things on earth live at 200 kelvin some at close to 450 kelvin. This is quite a wide range. Where hydrocarbons dont work something else will.

      >>do you? i'm sorry you're 'fed up' with this kind of rampant speculation, but given that life anywhere will still have to obey the same physics,

      I think that you underestimate "life" we have plants that eat "light". We live on a planet with an 20% oxygen atmosphere. This was put there by those plants.

      We have bacteria that use sulfur instread of iron. We have creature that change color at will. We have creatures that emmit light. We have creatures that live in the middle of the sahara desert.

      -220 C may be cold for us but what you need for life is a energy differential. Our fish swim in water, birds fly in the air. On another planet they may swim and fly in molten lead or liquid sulfuric gas, somewhere else they may swim in methane.

      On earth some creature survive on caffine solution and hot dogs! There is no reason to assume that alien life should be anything like our own.

      Let me put it this way if you told a 19th century biologist that on earth there were creatures who live at 400 Bar of pressure at +130C in extreme saline conditions they would say it was impossible, that life could not exist under these conditions.

      It is silly to make a prediction of probabilities with a data set of a single sample.(In this case life on earth)We have not even looked properly for life on any of the other planets in our solar system.

    7. Re:Wait... by birge · · Score: 2, Insightful
      i understand the apparent fallacy of basing one's idea of life on one planet. but that doesn't change the fact that physics is the same on any planet, and it is not just luck of the draw that we're carbon-based. it's more about the valence structure of carbon, and less about the temperatures we happened to find our proto-selves in. besides the complexity allowed by carbon systems (and i don't think there are too many alternatives, except maybe silicon) there is also the fact that certain elements are in abundance in the universe, and it is those element which are likely to be used by life.

      now, just because scientists made bad predictions before doesn't mean that i'm wrong in saying life probably won't exist at -200 C. that's YOU making an extrapolation from n = 1. there are hard limits on the temperatures at which life can exist. that's obvious from physics. so it's crazy to say that we can't speculate about other bases for limits. i'm arguing chemistry provides some limits. maybe i'm wrong about -200 C, but it's a lot more interesting, i think, to try to discuss this on a scientific basis than just pie-in-the-sky "you never know" dismissal.

    8. Re:Wait... by DerekLyons · · Score: 2, Insightful
      Let me put it this way if you told a 19th century biologist that on earth there were creatures who live at 400 Bar of pressure at +130C in extreme saline conditions they would say it was impossible, that life could not exist under these conditions.
      Of course he would - because he had no idea of what those conditions were like. On the other hand, we know what the conditions are like at -220C.
      It is silly to make a prediction of probabilities with a data set of a single sample.(In this case life on earth)We have not even looked properly for life on any of the other planets in our solar system.
      We are looking quite hard in all the places life is likely to be - and even with the various critters in extreme enviroments discovered here on earth in the last few decades, that only opens the span a tiny fraction compared to the span of temperatures and pressures that occur across the solar system. We (as a species) also study chemistry and physics, and can thus make a reasonable determination of where life is, and is not, likely.

      Handwave all you want, but the laws of physics and chemistry say that life is not possible in liquid lead or liquid methane.

  2. Oh, Rebecca... by TripMaster+Monkey · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Sorry to carp, but it's stuff like this, especially in 'science' articles, that drives me to distraction.

    From TFA (boldface mine):
    Predicted surface temperatures are minus 220 degrees Celcius (-364F), meaning that its surface is likely to be layer of frozen liquid.
    Umm...wouldn't that be the textbook definition of solid ? In the absence of any information as to the composition of the 'frozen liquid, the term 'frozen liquid' could apply equally well to any terrestrial planet.
    --
    ____

    ~ |rip/\/\aster /\/\onkey

    1. Re:Oh, Rebecca... by k4_pacific · · Score: 1, Insightful

      How, geo-centric of you. I would think that, on this planet, water is normally in a solid state. Actually, given that most of the visible universe is stars, one could argue that the normal state of matter is fusioning plasma and that anything else is non-fusioning frozen/liquid/gaseous plasmas.

      --
      Unknown host pong.
  3. Life Once Upon a Time by slashrogue · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The more novel thing (to me) would be discovering the ruins of ancient (chronologically speaking) civilization on a planet like that.

  4. What are the chances of finding life? by TheHulk · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I tend to think the chances of us finding life on anything 20,000 life years away is essentially zero.

  5. Quote from TFA: by Enigma_Man · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Quote:

    "How can we prove there is life on a distant planet when we have problems seeing if there is life on Mars?"

    So, by all means, let's just stop looking then. That's the easy solution. Seriously though, I hate when people think like this. Maybe by looking out into deep space, we'll discover some new method for easily detecting life which we can then apply to Mars. That is unlikely, but still, science is about exploring, not just throwing down the hat at something silly like a problem that we can't quite answer yet.

    Whomever said that hopefully isn't a scientist and/or working on this project.

    -Jesse

    --
    Nothing says "unprofessional job" like wrinkles in your duct tape.
    1. Re:Quote from TFA: by barawn · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Seriously though, I hate when people think like this. Maybe by looking out into deep space, we'll discover some new method for easily detecting life which we can then apply to Mars.

      The other problem with that quote is that searching for life on Mars is difficult because Mars is very, very close to dead. Mars isn't teeming with surface life. That's pretty much a total given. It might have life clinging in a few underwater reservoirs, but it's not like Earth.

      If someone was able to see Earth from a distant star, they'd be able to tell that there's life on the planet in a heartbeat. All you have to do is look for atmospheric oxygen.

      We're not looking for marginal life. We're looking for another Earth.

  6. Re:So what you really mean is... by maynard · · Score: 2, Insightful

    It's small. Most every planet discovered so far has been an object with very large mass - enough to perturb the host star. Gravitational lensing allowed these scientists to detect a planet with much smaller mass. The cool thing is that these astronomers are finding new ways with current land-based technology to image distant small planets around stars. With these advances, some day we may well find a planet giving off a telltale spectroscopic oxygen signature - a real indicator of life. So, baby steps first I guess.

  7. Don't insult us! by 32bitwonder · · Score: 4, Insightful

    This style of reporting is beyond annoying. I'd much rather have this story presented like it is "Using the microlensing technique first predicted by Albert Einstein in 1912, a team of astronomers have discovered a rocky planet about 5 times the mass of the earth some 25,000 light years away. It orbits a red dwarf....." Personally I was more intriqued by Albert Einsteins' involvement than the idiotic claims of the planet being "Earth-like" but.....not.

  8. provincial attitude, dude by Ancient_Hacker · · Score: 3, Insightful
    >the chance of finding life on this planet is essentially zero.

    Well, if you mean life, as in Jessica Alba, you're correct.

    But that's a tad provincial, limited, humdrum, some might say. We know very little about chemistry at 50 degrees Kelvin. Maybe there are some chemical reactions that don't go at all at our room temperature, but run just fine at 50K.

    Might be a tad slow, but who says life has to run at our speed?

  9. Little green men on that planet dont agree by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

    "surface temperature estimated at -220 C ... so the chance of finding life on this planet is essentially zero"

    I am sure the little green men on that planet are saying the same thing about our 32 C planet. "There is no way anything could live on a planet above -100 C."

  10. Sensationalist expectations by Bob3141592 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I can't believe most everyone here is up in arms because the term "earthlike" was used. That basically refers to mass, and is technically correct in it's field. Remember, astronomers refer to anything above helium as "metals." But it leads so many to say "Nothing to see here, there's no giant trees or sea monsters on that planet." How jaded do you have to be to have ridiculous expectations like that?

    That astronomers can detect that planet at all is a phenomenal acheivement. Before this, the only extrasolar planets that could be detected had large masses in close orbits, a rather extreme situation. But here's something quite outside that class. So its parameters aren't inside the "habitable zone." It's the first discovery of its kind. The attitude I'm seeing here is like someone claiming poker is no fun because they haven't been dealt a royal flush on their first hand. It's the process, more than this particular result, that should inspire amazement.

    And it was seen at 20,000 light years away. That really, really far, a galactic distance! That means there are a lot of stars potentially obnservable using this technique. Even if the alignment is relatively rare, with billions of stars to try, perhaps sooner or later one or two will prove themselves to be more interesting to this unreasonably demanding crowd. But then I'm sure the discovery will be discounted if the alien civilization hasn't developed Linux.

    --
    In theory, there's no difference between theory and practice. In practice, there is.
  11. essentially zero by LesPaul75 · · Score: 2, Insightful
    ... so the chance of finding life on this planet is essentially zero.
    This statement is essentially nonsense. It is equivalent to me saying, "The chances of my friend Joe flooglebarging a flarglefilk are essentially zero." It's something that no one has ever done before, something that no one has any idea how to do, and something that no one has any statistical data on whatsoever. As far as we know, every single planet in existence could be completely saturated with living creatures, or ours could be the only one in the entire universe.
  12. Yes, Earth-like by AragornSonOfArathorn · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Despite all these posts from people bitching about how this planet isn't exactly the same as our own, it's the closed we've found so far, and is much more Earth-like than the rest. It is not a huge, hot gas giant like most of the other extrasolar planets discovered. It has a solid rocky surface, and is relatively small.

    If they can detect planets like this now (especially at 25,000 light years! wow), it is only a matter of time before a planet that is truly Earth-like is discovered.

    --
    sudo eat my shorts
  13. Actually it only takes one year to orbit. by tbcpp · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Anyone should know that each planet takes only one year to orbit it's star. It may take more or less earth years. But that's beside the point.

    --
    Man is the lowest-cost, 150-pound, nonlinear, all-purpose computer system which can be mass-produced by unskilled labor.
  14. Comment removed by account_deleted · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Comment removed based on user account deletion

  15. it doesn't... by commodoresloat · · Score: 2, Insightful

    he was referring to Microsoft employees.

  16. Re:Science is not law by Steeltoe · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I think it's more that YOU don't know. But don't speak for the rest of science.

    Come on! We have observed how many % of cosmos, to make wide-assumptions on the entire thing?

    If you say "earth-like life" and "not likely", it will be more clear and everybody will probably agree.

    Yeah, but don't forget the wise part, too. The wise man also knows stuff. Probably chemistry. Mysticism isn't wisdom; it's often just a fancy justification for ignorance.

    Wisdom has nothing to do with facts. Any computer can reiterate facts. In fact, encyclopedias has lots of facts, but do not possess wisdom, not even within those facts.

    The danger in extrapolating from facts and known physics, is missing what is actually there in reality.