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2.5" Drives On the Desktop

An anonymous reader points out an article on XYZ Computing exploring the use of a 2.5" notebook hard drive in a desktop computer. From the article: "The tradeoff for these qualities has always been limited capacities, high costs, and slow transfer rates, but a the recent progression in portable storage techology has changed the 2.5" drive greatly. We put the Seagate Momentus 5400.3 160GB SATA notebook drive in our test system and took it for a spin."

50 of 291 comments (clear)

  1. Nice but... by stecoop · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Its a good idea until you find out that the drive 224 dollars and 99 cents when the desktop competition runs about 70 bucks. The drives in laptop are the slowest component; I wish laptops could reverse rolls and use dektop drives instead. Maybe one day the power levels will drop to an acceptable level to do this.

    1. Re:Nice but... by thebdj · · Score: 5, Insightful

      There is no need. You can find 7200 RPM laptop drives. Just be prepared to pay even more then the 5400 drives and wait for a bit more heat. Desktop drives in laptops makes no sense. The goal has always been to improve power consumption, size/space, and heat. This is something that desktop drives don't necessarily have to strive for as they have nearly "limitless" power available, much more space available, and better heat dissipation, largely because of the extra space, but also the availability of coolers.

      --
      "Some days you just can't get rid of a bomb."
    2. Re:Nice but... by jacksonyee · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Desktop drives were never meant to be used in notebooks (the name "laptops" shall no longer be used after that exploding Dell fiasco). They're too big, too heavy, and generate too much heat; hardly something you would want to carry around with you in your bag. I've also found that notebook drives have much better shock tolerances, so you won't ruin a drive as easily by dropping it or banging it against something as you would a desktop drive.

      I agree with the others that notebook drives make a lot of sense in small, quiet form factors though. If you're looking for small and you don't care that much about space, a notebook drive can fit your needs quite well. Got an entertainment center PC to fit in your shelve to build? Use a notebook drive for temporary storage and off-load the heavy files to a file server via gigabit ethernet somewhere else in the house.

      I personally carry a notebook drive in a usb enclosure that fits in my pocket, and it is one of the best purchases that I Have ever made in electronics. Never underestimate the convenience of having 60gB in your pocket to carry documents, music, and movies on. I was even running Unreal Tournament 2004 off of it - portable gaming on any capable computer!

    3. Re:Nice but... by Fred_A · · Score: 3, Funny

      Good idea ?

      Sortof...

      Article summary :
      You can put a laptop drive in a desktop machine. Even though it's slower, everything will still work.

      Well, Duh.

      Well everything also works on my laptop, thanks for the amazing insight on the intricacies of hardware. Basically, disks work. Even the slow ones. I'm glad to know that.

      Excuse me while I'm going to put an array of compact flash microdrives in my fileservers.

      --

      May contain traces of nut.
      Made from the freshest electrons.
  2. quiet home computers by invader_allan · · Score: 5, Interesting

    There is a growing demand for quiet home computers, and this is going to be more commmon (especially for media center PC's). There are even people who are hoping for mobile graphics chipsets to find their way onto PCI-E cards to help with low power and silent operation. Low power systems can make a huge difference in energy conservation, and they are becoming more and more popular. Desktops with a hybrid of laptop parts are always going to beat out mainstream desktop counterparts in noise and power consumption.

    1. Re:quiet home computers by jedidiah · · Score: 5, Insightful

      A media center PC doesn't have to have it's own storage. The bulkier noiser components of the system can be somewhere else. There are a number of such "thin media clients" already available. One doesn't need to be limited to notions inherited from years of DOS desktop practices and capabilities.

      --
      A Pirate and a Puritan look the same on a balance sheet.
    2. Re:quiet home computers by everett · · Score: 3, Interesting

      I have one at home, it's called a "Modded XboX" I picked it up for about $150.

      --
      Sig withheld to protect the innocent.
    3. Re:quiet home computers by LehiNephi · · Score: 5, Interesting
      Low power systems can make a huge difference in energy conservation
      Actually, that's not as true as we would like it to be. I have an acquaintance who recently has been considering replacing his file server with a standalone, single-drive NAS. In order to justify the expense to his wife, he bought a Kill-A-Watt and measured the power his current file server was using. It was using 100W, vs. the 12W of the NAS. That's a difference of 88W. However, at our current electricity rates, that amounts to a whopping $8/month savings.

      Considering that your hard drive is only consuming a few (as in, 10) watts, replacing it with a notebook drive won't save you any significant amount of money, even over the VERY long term. The advantages for notebook drives come, as others have said, in their small size and lower power consumption for notebooks.
      --
      Help find a cure for cancer. Join the [H]orde
    4. Re:quiet home computers by xjerky · · Score: 2, Interesting

      That's exactly why I bought a Mac Mini.

      --
      A sentence you'll never see on an Internet discussion board: "You know what? You're right."
  3. Costs are good - awesome SRAID opportunity :) by ilovegeorgebush · · Score: 3, Interesting

    The average cost for the drive under review is around $200, which isn't bad. What I think is interesting is the cost behind setting up, say, a 4 Element SRAID system with these. Could heat be a problem here?

    Whatever the answer, the advance of smaller (physically) but larger (storage) has arrisen from perpendicular recording on the discs, which is itself a cool find.

    1. Re:Costs are good - awesome SRAID opportunity :) by ilovegeorgebush · · Score: 3, Informative

      SRAID is the abbreviation for Software Rapid Array of Inexpensive Discs. It's the ability to use several discs to define a filesystem. There are numerous levels to RAID, some of which increase disc performance, while others increase the chance of keeping data if something bad were to happen to the disc(s).
      There are two forms - Software and Hardware RAID. Software RAID is configured by the operating system, whereas Hardware RAID is a standalone piece of hardware that holds the discs and provides configuration utilities on the box itself.
      You can read up on RAID (Software and Hardware) over at Wikipedia

    2. Re:Costs are good - awesome SRAID opportunity :) by pla · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The average cost for the drive under review is around $200, which isn't bad.

      Compared to what exactly? You can get the same capacity, and much better performance, in a 3.5" form factor for under $50.


      What I think is interesting is the cost behind setting up, say, a 4 Element SRAID system with these.

      Why? For the same price, you could get four 500GB drives and have 2TB rather than 640GB... For a less than half the price, you could go with 320GB drives and have twice the space. For the same price as one 2.5" drive you could get the same 4-drive RAID as 3.5" drives.


      Could heat be a problem here?

      Heat (and relatedly, the somewhat lower power consumption) counts as the only advantage to using 2.5" drives. They cost more, hold less, and have shorter lifespans (They also make a more... "annoying" noise, IMO, though I don't know if I can fairly call them "louder"). Except for the niche markets of laptops and SFF/embedded, no one should ever even consider a 2.5" drive unless some design contstraint absolutely precludes the use of a 3.5".

  4. Mac mini? by ronanbear · · Score: 3, Insightful
    2.5" drives are considerably more expensive. If there was a large demand for quieter drives it would make more sense to use quieter 3.5" drives.

    I don't think there are many Mac Mini owners who wouldn't jump at the chance of a slightly larger Mac Mini with a proper hard drive. Putting laptop drives in desktops is an exceptionally bad idea.

    --
    the more they over-think the plumbing the easier it is to stop up the pipe
    1. Re:Mac mini? by bobschneider8 · · Score: 3, Informative
      It's already easy to get a slightly larger Mac Mini with a 3.5" drive, by using one of the external HD cases that are designed to sit under the Mac Mini. Here's the one I use:

      http://eshop.macsales.com/shop/ministack/

      This case plus a 250GB 7200 3.5" PATA drive cost me $170, less than a 2.5" 120GB drive. And I got USB and Firewire hubs built in as well.

  5. 7200 spin 2.5 inch drives by the+computer+guy+nex · · Score: 3, Informative

    "Its a good idea until you find out that the drive 224 dollars and 99 cents [newegg.com] when the desktop competition runs about 70 bucks [newegg.com]. The drives in laptop are the slowest component; I wish laptops could reverse rolls and use dektop drives instead. Maybe one day the power levels will drop to an acceptable level to do this."

    Many laptop manufacturers now give options for 7200 spin HDD's in laptops. I have one from Dell, it somehow runs as cool and quiet as a slower 5400

  6. 2.5 Is Good For Raid Setups by gasmonso · · Score: 3, Interesting

    You can pack quite a few 2.5" drives in a desktop to create some neat raid setups. An example would be http://www.maxpoint.com/home/products/perph/spec_p g/es-252/index.htm

    You can also find solutions that will hold several more drives. This could be usefull for small form factor setups that people (myself included) use for pvrs. Small, reliable, cool running.

    http://religiousfreaks.com/
  7. Already happening by skinfitz · · Score: 4, Informative

    Some Dell SX series desktop machines already use 2.5" drives.

  8. Future of computing by michaelvkim · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I think the future of desktop computing lies not in performance and speed, but size and heat output. This goes for about 95% of computer users; obviously, gamers want ultimate performance, but my parents (and the majority of computer users) would rather sacrifice the speed for silence.

  9. Re:Show off your hook, guys! by HaloZero · · Score: 2, Informative

    And this one on the next page doesn't?

    http://xyzcomputing.com/images/stories/articlepics /seagate_momentus543/m54003_01.jpg.

    I'd say that's pretty telling.

    --
    Informatus Technologicus
  10. So... by Jasin+Natael · · Score: 3, Informative

    The next generation of laptop hard disks have performance characteristics that are competitive with three generations old desktop hard disk drives. I fail to see a story. I'd be much more interested to see them compare these new 'hybrid' laptop hard drives with genuine top-of-the-line desktop drives.

    And the newest hard disks aren't that loud. I just upgraded my iMac G5 with a WD Raptor (10kRPM SATA). You can definitely hear it more clearly when large files are being written or under swap conditions, but most of the time the difference in noise levels is indistinguishable -- meaning silent. And my subjective benchmarks reveal an almost 4x increase in the speed of common tasks.

    --
    True science means that when you re-evaluate the evidence, you re-evaluate your faith.
    1. Re:So... by ivan256 · · Score: 4, Informative

      While that's true of what they're saying in this article, some of the fastest hard drives available right now are 2.5" drives. Check out the Hitachi Ultrastar 15K147 SAS. Average seek of 3.6ms, sustained data rate of 93.3MB/sec... All in a nice little 2.5" package. Of course, the 147GB model sucks down 12 watts at idle, but that's the price you pay for performance. Size, however, is no longer a price you pay for performance.

    2. Re:So... by Jasin+Natael · · Score: 2, Informative
      Average seek of 3.6ms, sustained data rate of 93.3MB/sec... All in a nice little 2.5" package.

      Umm... Maybe you misread that. It's over an inch tall, and 4"x5.7", according to its spec sheet. That would make it, by necessity, a 3.5" form-factor hard disk. It is nice, though. Now I just have to get a machine that can use SAS drives well, and save up a lot of money. I've got a 15kRPM Fujitsu hard disk around here somewhere that a customer gave me, but I never got around to shelling out the money for a Ultra320 controller so I could use it. C'est la vie.

      --
      True science means that when you re-evaluate the evidence, you re-evaluate your faith.
    3. Re:So... by Slashcrap · · Score: 2, Funny

      I just upgraded my iMac G5 with a WD Raptor (10kRPM SATA). And my subjective benchmarks reveal an almost 4x increase in the speed of common tasks.

      As a general rule, if a Mac user notices a subjective 4x increase in speed, that's probably equivalent to an objective 5% speed increase.

  11. This is going to happen by Chanc_Gorkon · · Score: 3, Informative

    The cost differential might be large now, but at some point, it's going to be way cheaper in the long run to make only one type of drive for end user machines(you need a different kind of drive for servers....you just do). I have seen many desktops and alot of servers use a laptop CD/DVD drive in them. Eventually, they will make a desktop with a motherboard similar in size to a notebook motherboard, but it will have PCI Express or some other new connector for adding peripherals. You can already purchase PC card sound cards. It's a logical progression. On Dell's site, they have a new XPS machine in the notebook section and it's really just a very small and very powerful desktop. I have also seen the Pentium M being used in desktops now. The age of tall towers is going to start to wane. There will always be a need for larger cases, but those cases will now hold much more in storage and other hardware.

    --

    Gorkman

  12. 2.5" drives? by dubmun · · Score: 5, Interesting

    You want quiet? Solid state storage is going to catch up someday soon. I'm more than willing to wait. I'm not interested in paying three times as much for a slow notebook HD with low storage capacity.

    --
    (end of post)
  13. Storage combinations by aXis100 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I've recently grown fond of external USB2 HDD cases.

    Combining an internal 2.5" drive and external USB drives would be quite practical. You could leave the external drives off (and quiet) most of the time, hot pluging them only when you need them.

  14. Why? by slashbob22 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I am not trying to troll here, but why?
    I have found notebook harddisks run hotter, they are slower, more expensive and because they are not meant for use within a tower will require some creative mounting. If you need to mount a large amount of drive space in a MicroATX, use one 600+GB drive instead of 10x60GB.

    The only conclusion they came to is that it was quieter and that there were other ways of silencing your desktop. I have a pocket 2.5" in a travel case, and it isn't very quiet. One day in the future we may see this HDD form-factor taking over the desktop market as we move towards miniturization, but IMHO the technology just doesn't seem mature enough.

    --
    Proof by very large bribes. QED.
  15. Sorry for the quick rant. by SphericalCrusher · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I think for the money and time wasted on that project, that you should just get a 10,000 SATA Raptor to put into a desktop. Desktop computing is all about high-end hardware compared to portable computer s (PDAs, Laptops, etc). And for a desktop having a 5400 rpm harddrive (as a new project) is pretty slow. 7200 rpm harddrives are very cheap now. Also, you're not going to find a laptop with a high Front Side Bus speed, so I don't see why there's hype on this project. That is all.

    --
    "Instant gratification takes too long." - Carrie Fisher
  16. You mean, like a Mac Mini? by dpbsmith · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Like a nice, compact, almost-silent, energy-efficient, but slightly-underperforming Mac Mini?

    How could anyone write a whole article about 2.5" drives in desktops without even mentioning the Mac Mini?

    1. Re:You mean, like a Mac Mini? by Lussarn · · Score: 4, Informative

      How can anybody write an article about 2.5" drives in desktops without even mentioning the Amiga 600 (1992).

      I think the news here is about faster 2.5" drives, not the possibility to put a 2.5" drive in a desktop. As that has been done for decades.

  17. Nostalgia for the Sounds of the Early Computer Age by Alzheimers · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I may just be getting long in the tooth, but I'm starting to get nostalgic for the old sounds of the the early computer age. Back when you could put your hand against the heavy steel chassis and listen and feel to exactly what your computer was doing.

    Gone is the satisfying click-click-click feedback of the heavy tactile keyboards.
    Gone is the deafening WHEEEEE-WHEEEEEE-WHEEEEEE of the dot matrix printer.
    Gone is the atmospheric chuk-chuk-chuk grind of the hard disk.
    Gone is the ultrasonic whistle of the screen changing resolutions.
    Gone is the inquisitive thuka-thuka-thuka of a floppy disk scan on bootup.
    Gone is the warm handshake WEEE-ERRR-HISS of the modem.

    If the POST BEEP ever dissapears, I think the beauty and mystique of a computer coming to life will have been lost forever.

  18. I'll wait for "Solid State". by blcamp · · Score: 3, Insightful


    Sorry folks, I just don't see a need for a smaller hard drive when shortly there won't be a need for any hard drive whatsoever.

    Cheaper, faster, more reliable, higher-capacity Flash memory is coming.

    I'll wait for that particular bandwagon when it comes.

    --
    The problem with socialism is that they always run out of other people's money. - Margaret Thatcher
    1. Re:I'll wait for "Solid State". by Gat0r30y · · Score: 4, Insightful

      People have been saying this for years, yet it never seems to happen. Why? Flash goes down in price per capacity linearly while HDD's go down in price per capacity nearly exponentially. Sure a GB of Flash is going to be dirt cheap in a couple of years, but your going to want 500 GB in 2.5 in. And a HDD is still going to be a hell of a lot cheaper than flash.

      --
      Prediction: The real iPhone killer is going to be sex robots from Japan. Think about it.
  19. Old news by nessus42 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Mac minis have been using 2.5-inch drives on the desktop for quite some time now, and Sun has been using enterprise grade 2.5-inch SAS drives on many of their newer models of servers.

  20. Quiet and Low Power? Just Buy a Laptop Already by InitZero · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The desktop is dead. Long live the laptop.

    I keep reading about people wanting a computer that
    is quiet, energy efficient and doesn't produce 80,000
    BTU of heat. Many people see the solution to the
    problem as retrofitting a desktop with huge heatsinks,
    remote DC power supplies, special home closets for the
    computer with long KVM cables and installing laptop
    hard drives in your desktops. That's just crazy talk.

    Folks, bit the bullet. Pay double (versus a desktop)
    for a laptop and docking station and be done with it.

    I haven't had a desktop in seven years and I don't
    miss it at all. It was a little rough at first with
    early laptop but we have long since passed the point
    where performance is limited in a laptop. My latest
    laptop is an IBM Thinkpad (well, Lenovo) Z60m. With
    a wide screen, 1.5GB RAM, 100-gig drive and 2gHz
    Pentium M processor, it is more than fast enough
    for anything 92% of all, even advanced, computer
    users would want.

    Docked, I am able to pretend it is a desktop, even
    using it with two monitors (a requirement in my
    computing book). Yet, I sip power, am quiet as a
    church mouse and produce next to no heat (compared
    to a desktop).

    As an extra bonus, I can take my computer with me
    wherever I go.

    (The 8% of you who really do need a desktop need
    not respond. You know who you are and why you
    can't make a laptop do what you need it to do.
    I'm okay with you not having a laptop.)

            Matt

    1. Re:Quiet and Low Power? Just Buy a Laptop Already by stud9920 · · Score: 2, Informative

      Most people who do have $1200 at hand for a decent laptop prefer to keep it on their savings accounts for less futile things. Therefore, leaping from laptop to laptop to upgrade is pretty painful.

      Meanwhile, a desktop can be upgraded in $100 increments. None of these increments are particularly painful. No need to replace a display until it breaks (rare) or becomes obsolete (rare). Same for keyboard, mouse, and arguably HDD.

  21. exceptionally bad? by freakmaster · · Score: 2, Funny

    "Putting laptop drives in desktops is an exceptionally bad idea."
    boy, that's pretty bad!
    You don't leave much room in your vocabulary for people like Micheal Jackson & the guy who drove a rocket car into a mountain!

  22. Re:Ok... by Dare+nMc · · Score: 2, Insightful
    ....Why?

    I was about to moderate as flamebait, because the first page of the article answers why.
    Then I read the last page of the article, which basically says use a portable drive for a portable application. no-where would you use it in a actuall Desktop.
    heck the mentioned use in a media center PC sucks, cause you will need many of the notebook drives to replace a single PC drive, then you'll want a raid setup to get the speed up, which ends up using more space than they save.
    My first thought was, it would be much easier to mount a notebook drive in my tivo as the second drive (requires custom bracket, and cooling flow consideration), but the Tivo only has 2 IDE slots, and the biggest 7200rpm notebook ide drive I found was 60 GB. Hardly worth the effort, cheaper/easier/more convient to replace the first drive with 500Gb and still have plenty of $$$ left to pay for any extra power consumed.
  23. Re:Nostalgia for the Sounds of the Early Computer by Chatsubo · · Score: 2, Funny

    What about the loud bang when you hit the case with the side of your fist so that the hard disk will spin up?

    Yes, I had one of those...

    I still think that the dot-matrix noise did actually deafen me.

    --
    > no, yes, maybe (tagging beta)
  24. I used to put them in high end servers, too by spun · · Score: 4, Informative

    Why? Because it's hard to fit a normal sized system disk in a 3U server with 16 drive bays. There's a tiny sliver of space above the drives that can hold a laptop CD ROM, Floppy, and 2.5" Hard drive. I've built several of these as head nodes for clusters using dual 3ware SATA RAID controllers and quad AMD boards. The new Escalade cards use Infiniband wiring from the RAID cards to the SATA backplane, so there's only four cables instead of sixteen, which is much nicer than trying to fit 16 SATA cables, two IDE cables, a floppy cable and 8 power cables past the six fans that sit in the middle of the box.

    Yes, yes I can picture a Beowulf cluster of those, though I actually use ROCKS.

    --
    - None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license. -- John Milton
  25. Re:Nostalgia for the Sounds of the Early Computer by Trepalium · · Score: 3, Interesting
    Gone is the inquisitive thuka-thuka-thuka of a floppy disk scan on bootup.
    If you're lucky, you can turn this back in the BIOS setup program.

    If the POST BEEP ever dissapears, I think the beauty and mystique of a computer coming to life will have been lost forever.
    I guess you haven't seen some of those new boards that actually speak rather than beep their POST events.
    --
    I used up all my sick days, so I'm calling in dead.
  26. Luggable by LunaticTippy · · Score: 3, Informative
    They used to call those Luggable computers. My friend's dad had a kaypro or northstar CP/M computer. You could pick it up and take it anywhere, plug it in and go.

    Of course now you don't have a 30 pound beast with a 5 inch screen. But it is the exact same concept.

    --
    Man, you really need that seminar!
    1. Re:Luggable by i.r.id10t · · Score: 4, Funny

      They still exist and make them - even name brand companies like Dell, HP, Gateway, and Alienware.

      Ever seen what some folks will brign to a LAN party?

      --
      Don't blame me, I voted for Kodos
  27. Re:Nostalgia for the Sounds of the Early Computer by shdragon · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I still have an M-Style keyboard. I don't know what I'd do without it. I agree that the noises computers used to make were soothing. They also provided very good context clues to what was "wrong" with the computer.

    --
    "...we dont care about the economics; we just want to be able to hack great stuff."
  28. Are you a married man by any chance? by jpellino · · Score: 3, Funny

    Here's the deal, me hearty: He's going to get his "Yes" to saving the $8 a month, after which he'll be treated to the live version of the opening animation from the Jetsons...

    --
    "Win treats sysadmins better than users. Mac treats users better than sysadmins. Linux treats everyone like sysadmins."
  29. two 2.5" drives in one 3.5" bay = RAID by ChrisCampbell47 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I've been using ArcoIDE's hardware RAID (real hardware RAID! no software drivers!) for years, and my latest SFF PC machine has two 2.5" drives sitting in a 3.5" bay on top of their MicroRAID controller. Small, quiet, reliable ... this is a no brainer! The only drawback is that current affordable 2.5" drives run around 80-100 GB, so you can't do the 250 GB monster video setups. Personally 80 GB is plenty for me.

  30. Re:Nostalgia for the Sounds of the Early Computer by ThousandStars · · Score: 2, Interesting
    Gone is the satisfying click-click-click feedback of the heavy tactile keyboards.


    The clack lives on for specialty keyboard users: see the Matias Tactile Pro and the Unicomp Customizer.

  31. Variable speed flopplies on early Macs by Beryllium+Sphere(tm) · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The motor would speed up on the inner tracks, slow down on the outer tracks, and went through three levels of speed in between. The motor was nice and loud, so there was in effect a 5-note musical scale. There were rumors of people composing music for the floppy drives.

  32. Re:Nostalgia for the Sounds of the Early Computer by PhotoGuy · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Reminds me of the first hard drive I ever used, on a Z-80 system. It was about the size of two PC's laying down, side-by-side. You flipped the big switch, and heard, rrr, rrrrr, rrrrrrr, rrrrrrr, as it ever-so-slowly started spinning up it's huge platters. Took a good few minutes to come up to speed. And I think it's capacity was around 5 Megabytes.

    If I don't transfer 5 megabytes in a fraction of a second now, there's something wrong with the configuration of my system! Even my first PC-based hard drive was 20mb; incredible to note that 30-50mb per *second* are standard transfer rates.

    Even with all the nostalgia, I use my pc's so much for personal and media purposes, that silence would definitely be a step in the right direction, though.

    --
    Love many, trust a few, do harm to none.
  33. Wrong by matt21811 · · Score: 2, Informative

    "Why? Flash goes down in price per capacity linearly while HDD's go down in price per capacity nearly exponentially."

    Wrong!

    This page charts the annual improvement of price per capacity of hard disks (amongst other things): http://www.mattscomputertrends.com/harddrives.html

    This page does the same thing for flash: http://www.mattscomputertrends.com/flashmemory.htm l

    Here is a key quote: "The improvement rate for flash for the last three years comes in at 109% a year whereas for hard disks over the same period the figure is only 35%."