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Google's Click-Fraud Crackdown

An anonymous reader writes "Wired reports that Google is making some effort to put a crack in the practice of click-fraud. Because of the pernicious abuse of the company's advertising business, it simply can't be sure that anyone is actually looking at the ads. Bruce Schneier talks about the problems of ensuring that people are really people, and Google's solution." From the article: "Google is testing a new advertising model to deal with click fraud: cost-per-action ads. Advertisers don't pay unless the customer performs a certain action: buys a product, fills out a survey, whatever. It's a hard model to make work — Google would become more of a partner in the final sale instead of an indifferent displayer of advertising — but it's the right security response to click fraud: Change the rules of the game so that click fraud doesn't matter."

23 of 201 comments (clear)

  1. CPA good for google, but... by truthsearch · · Score: 3, Insightful

    CPA is a good model for Google and a very good model for advertisers. Advertisers, in effect, can pay for only the advertising which results in a sale.

    Small publishers, however, will likely suffer. The vast majority of click-throughs on text ads result in no sale. Yet publishers still get paid for it. The only way this would balance out would be for the payment to publishers per action to go up. That would be fair. But I think the small bloggers who like to use adsense will lose revenue from this model.

    1. Re:CPA good for google, but... by eln · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Driving direct sales is only a small part of what advertising is really for, though. Advertising is also about creating mindshare for your brand. Just because I don't immediately go and buy something from you when I see your ad doesn't mean I won't eventually buy from you as a resuly of seeing that ad. In this case, seeing the ad has convinced me to choose your brand when I am ready to buy, even if I don't buy right when I see the ad. This is effective advertising.

      By ignoring this type of advertising, Google is basically giving it away for free. Sure, it's good for advertisers, but I'm not so sure it's good for Google.

    2. Re:CPA good for google, but... by TopShelf · · Score: 4, Interesting

      The biggest problem is tracking the click through to the action verifiably. Once a user clicks and ad and goes to WidgetsForSale.Com, the WidgetsForSale folks would need to track their activity and determine whether a sale results (q: within how long?), and report those sales results to Google so they can pay for the ads. That doesn't sound like a very tenable model - it relies on the WidgetsForSale folks tracking data and reporting to Google how much they should pay, rather than Google billing them.

      The only way I could see that working is with mandated use of the Google payment system perhaps, so they could generate some link between ad clicks and purchasing activity. That seems a mighty steep hill to climb, however...

      --
      Stop by my site where I write about ERP systems & more
    3. Re:CPA good for google, but... by Daniel_Staal · · Score: 4, Informative

      Actually, Google has a better solution for that. If the transaction is online, you can embed a small piece of HTML/Javascript code in your 'thank you for purchasing' page that allows Google to check the value of a cookie they placed on a customer's computer when they clicked an ad.

      The cookie links the click to the sale. And there is value to the advertiser as well: Google can then help you track which ad resulted in a sale, and which keywords it was linked to. (So you don't have to buy an expensive but poor-return keyword.)

      (I may be mis-describing: Check Google's docs to be sure.)

      --
      'Sensible' is a curse word.
    4. Re:CPA good for google, but... by RidiculousPie · · Score: 3, Interesting

      What monopoly in search? Google has less than 50% of the market for search, and they have a significant competitor in Yahoo search marketing (used to be called Overture) not to mention the banner ad people such as doubleclick, although I couldn't find any comparison of the services relative market share.

      Google has not attempted to artificially raise the barrier to entry of the search market, unless they are involved in something i am unaware of, you can get some clever people together, some big hardware and a gigantic pipe and make your own search engine or pay per click advertising. Same for payment processing; Google are not engaging in dumping of Google Checkout, it is infact more expensive than it's biggest rival Paypal.

      (Full disclosure: I have used paypal to pay for things, google & yahoo to search, and I block all adverts with adblock plus and filterset.g)

      --
      ah, mod points ... now where is my crack?
    5. Re:CPA good for google, but... by kfg · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Driving direct sales is only a small part of what advertising is really for, though.

      I once saw an interview with A-B's NASCAR liason. He was asked how much beer he thought they sold as a direct result of the $40 million a year they pour into stock car racing.

      He responded that as far as the company knew their sports sponsorship did not have a direct impact on selling a single can of beer, but that wasn't the point, because advertising in expectation of driving sales is only a subdivision of marketing (and in point of fact most sponsorship isn't even aimed at the consumer, it's aimed at the distributors). All they want out of sponsoring sports is that when people think "beer" they also think "Budweiser" in a positive light, even though the beer itself obviously comes from an over hydrated horse with sugar (ok, I added that last bit myself).

      Nonetheless, they do sell an awful lot of watered down horse urine, so they must have some idea of what they're doing spending money that returns "nothing."

      Google ads are in a peculiar position, not entirely unlike sports sponsorship, because it is most obviously directed at a sort of "targeted impulse" buying. A-B obviously has beer stands at NASCAR races as well, despite the claim that they don't actually use sponsorship to directly sell beer.

      But the real purpose of Google ads is to direct people to your website where the real marketing goes on. It's an ad for the ad, not the ad itself. Thus legitimate clicks are the legitimate metric for determining the effectivness of Google Ads. If people who click through fail to buy that's a measure of the effectiveness of your website, but bearing in mind that if they do not buy at the time of click through that does not imply that your marketing is faulty.

      The effectiveness of marketing cannot be tallied like beans (or beer) in a one to one relationship with orders. It requires a human intelligence to assess that, not a computer.

      KFG

  2. Re:why do they care? by Threni · · Score: 3, Insightful

    > Why does Google care so much? They get more money when people abuse it. Just charge less per click
    > if they're that concerned about it.

    Because most people *don't* cheat, which means that Google would be making less money from everyone because of a tiny amount of fraud.

    I like to think, though, that I've helped cause this problem by right clicking/open in new tab on ads I have no interest in. I also fill in questionaires with random answers if I have to complete them to proceed into an otherwise "free" website, though, so I'm not sure how long this proposed solution is going to do any good...

  3. Re:why do they care? by doti · · Score: 4, Insightful

    But if people abuse it, the adversiters will find less value on Google ads.
    They are trying to protect the value of their product.

    --
    factor 966971: 966971
  4. Re:why do they care? by truthsearch · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Fraud results in distrust by advertisers. Many advertisers ignore adsense because of the high level of fraud. They don't want to pay for something that brings no sales. With enough fraud this whole business model disappears.

  5. Terrible Idea by dada21 · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I'm an AdWords advertiser and click-fraud means zero to me -- in fact, I don't care either way. All AdWords-advertised sites make a better profit from AdWords than one can believe -- it works. If even 10% of the clicks are fraud (I _highly_ doubt it), I don't care -- the profit is still better than most advertising campaigns.

    I also get a ton of impressions -- most of my ads have a click through rate of under 5%. Considering that 95% of the unclicked ads still form a brand impression, I'm even more satisfied (free advertising, basically).

    AdWords advertisers who complain are just idiots. I've run TV, radio, magazine and newspaper ads for years and never had this kind of ROI.

    I'm also an AdSense publisher, and I don't see what people bother with fraud. For the few bucks you make an hour trying to defraud the system, you can do a better job selling something online and using AdWords to drive business to you.

    1. Re:Terrible Idea by karmatic · · Score: 5, Insightful

      It depends on the term - it's easy to rack up $125/day for the right terms (mesotheliomatic cancer, anyone?). For a lot of people, that's a good chunk of money.

      All you need is an internet connection, some proxies, greed, and a "they're rich americans (because they exploit everyone else) so they deserve what they get" mentality.

      How do I know this? I'm an adwords advertiser, and I tracked down one of the site owners who was doing a fair amount of fraud on one of my terms. One of the proxies he used had an X-Forwarded-For header, and I found his IP in an IRC log, and finally managed to track him down on IRC. I pretended to be a fellow fraudster, and we compared account screenshots. The guy was very proud that he was making over $4000USD/mo. His sites were simply wikis with stolen content (it's easier to make pages for a specific term that way, I guess). He did the clicks himself, and had a proxy program that simply took from a list of proxies and picked a random one every page load. He actually sat there for several hours a day clicking, and made about $40/hour to do it.

      For some advertisers, it is a huge problem, especially when paying $10+ per click.

  6. Dangerous ground by Rob+T+Firefly · · Score: 3, Insightful

    This could open up a big can of worms, precisely because it increases Google's stake in the actual buying process. The protests over ads for controversial stuff like religious or medical items, "adult" materials, political stuff, and so on simmer to a faint background hum when Google is just churning out automatic ads, but if Google can be shown to be taking part in the actual sales and transactions of this stuff their critics are likely to pounce on that. "OMG Google is selling evil pr0n/Satanism books/weaponry/GTA San Andreas/Online Gambling/etc..."

  7. Fraud? Or a flawed business model? by RobertB-DC · · Score: 3, Interesting

    TFA talks a lot about fraud, but what do you call it if I finish reading the article, and I click the nice linkies at the bottom with no intention of buying anything? What if I don't need a "Trojan remover download", credit report restoration, a work-from-home scheme, or (my favorite) to "Make Money With Adsense" with help from some outfit called cash-sense dot com.

    So if I do four shift-ctl-clicks (open in a new window, keeping current window active, I love Opera), am I a bored 'net surfer, or have I just committed Click Fraud? For the advertiser, is there really any difference?

    --
    Stressed? Me? Of course not. Stress is what a rubber band feels before it breaks, silly.
  8. Re:Doesn't solve the wider problem by Daniel_Staal · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Who cares whether it's actually a human? What you really care is that they purchased your product. If the payment is tied to that, it becomes irrelevent who clicked or how they clicked.

    They spent money because of your ad. So you can afford to pay for the ad.

    And if an AI was the one who spent the money, great. As long as their credit card works.

    --
    'Sensible' is a curse word.
  9. Wrong Direction by SoupIsGood+Food · · Score: 4, Interesting

    This is headed in the wrong direction. The traditional role of the ad is to attract the eye, and get the consumer to consider and then remember the product when they want/need it in the future. Even if the ad isn't clicked on, the company advertising is getting itself noted and noticed, for free. That's the entire value of traditional print, radio, TV and billboard ads, just given away by web content providers. It's unreal, and is stifling the growth of online media. I suppose it's OK for enormous middlemen like Google, but it sucks for those making and maintaining websites. Advertisers have gotten too much of a free ride, and the models used to support this free ride... banner ads, popunders, flash ads, etc... have been largely self defeating.

    Making the burden on the content creator heavier and more onerous before they get their dollar is not the way to go. The middlemen and the ad buyers are getting too much for too little in return. New models need to be developed. I'm in favor of the old fashioned sponsorship: flat fee so it's a predictable expense for the ad buyer, and predictable income for the content provider. I'm sure there are other ways to charge advertisers what their advertisements are worth, and increase their effectiveness at the same time.

    This new Google approach doesn't deliver.

    SoupIsGood Food

  10. Re:why do they care? by shaneh0 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Are you kidding? My company has about 2MM in sales annually, and we spend almost $500,000 a year on Google Adwords. Over 90% of our sales come from Google. We're getting a conversion rate that is less then one percent and it's gotten worse over time. If it continues to drop we'll have no choice but reduce our adwords cost-per-click limit and take our advertising dollars elsewhere. No matter how you spell it, that means problems for the GOOG.

  11. Re:why do they care? by danpat · · Score: 4, Insightful

    It's not that simple. Google is a middle-man, they're not creating the ads. Joes Pizza shop pays Google to display their ad when certain keywords are found on a web-page. They pay different rates for different words, and they pay by the number of times their ad is displayed.

    Click-fraud hurts Joes Pizza because hey's paying Google to show his ad to potential customers, but during click-fraud, no-one is actually seeing it. He's paying for nothing. Google just takes a cut of what Joe paid, and passes the rest on to the websites that actually displayed the ads (or claimed they did).

    Google only cares about this because if Joe thinks he's paying for nothing (i.e. no real people are actually seeing his ads, and all the "clicks" he's charged for are actually fraud), he might stop paying Google to farm out his ads. If that happens, Google loses their revenue stream.

    Lots of clicks are good for Google, they get to charge Joes Pizza more. But they're only good if Joe thinks he's getting his message out to lots of people.

  12. victim of click-fraud by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Interesting

    On two occassions, I've had my google account cancelled and funds withdrawn because Google accused me of click-fraud. Of course I had nothing to do with it and when I pleaded my case to Google I got no reply. I was willing to provide click logs and etc. But they just ignored me. I guess it's cheaper to just cancel accounts who are suspected of click-fraud then actually investigate. But if all it takes is a few malicious users with some scripting knowledge and open proxies to ruin my revenue why should I as a publisher use Google Adsense?

  13. Biometrics to record clickthrough... by Baloo+Ursidae · · Score: 3, Insightful
    A better solution might be some kind of fingerprint reader that generates digitally signed "proof of life" which can be demanded by remote sites.

    To record an ad impression? Let me get this straight. You're honestly suggesting that users submit their fingerprint to verify they've seen your ad and you expect people to submit to this? Are you high?

    I mean, it's inconvenient, and invasive! Now if you can just find a way to make it really uncomfortable for the user while they're at it and you'll have achieved the prostate-exam trifecta that everybody shoots for when they want to pitch a new product idea.

    --
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  14. Maybe a convenient push for GooglePay? by grolschie · · Score: 3, Funny

    1. Pursuade existing Google advertisers to use GooglePay so transactions can be monitored and click-fraud prevented.
    2. ???
    3. Profit!

  15. Re:why do they care? by dfjghsk · · Score: 4, Informative

    For the past few years we have had ads running on adsense... 2 weeks ago, we decided we would rather lose the sales that adsense was bringing in than continue to pay google for ads that weren't generating enough revenue.

    For comparison, our conversion rates:

    Google Search: 3.5%
    Google adsense: 0.25%

    I don't know what other companies are doing.. but I wouldn't be surprised companies are considering dropping adsense. There is just to much fraud.

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  16. Re:Doesn't solve the wider problem by El_Isma · · Score: 3, Interesting

    So the problem now becomes truthful advertisers? If they lie to Google ("no, that sale didn't come tru your ad"), what can Google do?

    Since Google has no control over the advertisers... Google just must believe what they tell Google.

  17. Re:Doesn't solve the wider problem by IamTheRealMike · · Score: 3, Insightful

    It matters because not every advertiser on AdWords is actually selling something. So, cost per action ads even if fully deployed won't solve the problem for everybody.