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Former Spy Poisoned By Radiation In UK

An anonymous reader writes "BBC new is reporting the death of the ex-Russian spy Alexander Litvinenko with a major dose of radioactive polonium-210. But nobody knows how it got there. Suspicions have fallen upon the Russian security services (who deny involvement). The task of the pathologists now is to unpick what really killed him and how it was administered. Quite what techniques they will use to solve this puzzle is unclear." From the article: "A post-mortem examination on Mr Litvinenko has not been held yet. The delay is believed to be over concerns about the health implications for those present at the examination. But Roger Cox from the HPA said a large quantity of alpha radiation emitted from polonium-210 had been detected in Mr Litvinenko's urine."

86 of 432 comments (clear)

  1. Reading the artcle...... by 8127972 · · Score: 5, Funny

    ......found this curious comment:

    "Mr Putin himself has said Mr Litvinenko's death was a tragedy, but he saw no "definitive proof" it was a "violent death"."

    Clearly the term "violent death" has a different definition in Russian than it does in English.

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    This is my opinion. To make sure you don't steal it, it's covered by the DMCA.
    1. Re:Reading the artcle...... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Or more likely, he's just not being honest.

      Mr Putin himself has said Mr Litvinenko's death was a tragedy

      Mr. Litvinenko was apparantly more than your average former KGB agent - he's accused Putin of pedophilia, among other things. Even if Putin weren't behind this poisoning (which he almost certainly is), he probably wouldn't consider Mr. Litvinenko's death a tragedy at all.

      Isn't it strange how Putin's most vocal critics inside Russia are just dropping like flies...

    2. Re:Reading the artcle...... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      This was said before the postmortem and before Po poisoning was officially confirmed.

      Before that the UK medics went through a list of at least 3-4 different hypothesis each of which proved to be loads of bull. Tallium, radioactive Tallium, strange objects in his intestines, etc you name it.

      So at the point where Putin said it nothing was known yet. I have not heard what he said in Russian so it is also quite likely that some nuances have been lost in translation (like a "yet" at the end of the sentence).

      As far as you noticing that his idea of violent death differs from our idea of violent death that is a definite. He would not have had his past job if this was not so.

      It is quite interesting that AFAIK this is the first high profile poisoning with radioactive substance. Considering the guaranteed lethality and obvious ineptitude of the medics in diagnosing it I am surprised that this does not happen more often. Actually, probably it does, but using much smaller doses which end up in effects indistinguishable from cancer. If the dose was a small fraction of what he got he would have died quietly from leukemia 6 months from now. Whoever killed him wanted to make a point and also wanted the fingers to be pointed at the usual suspects.

      Which makes me on a second thought post anonymously :-)

    3. Re:Reading the artcle...... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      We have always been allied with Russia. We have always been at war with Islamic fundamentalists.

    4. Re:Reading the artcle...... by gmuslera · · Score: 2, Interesting
      Even for me that dont speak english natively, that could not apply for my "violent death" definition. Falling from a building (ok, hitting the floor after) is violent death, like being hit by a car, or a bullet in the head. But a somewhat slow, maybe taking days death because poison, starving, thirst or whatever dont fall in my category.

      Now, also what he could mean is that there are not conclusive evidence to tell if was he was killed, or it was accidental (touching dust/old things from work/whatever and then food?), or was an intentional suicide (dont think so, but still odds are not nil)

      Of course, this is unrelated with if Putin was sincere or not saying so, just my understanding of that semantic.

    5. Re:Reading the artcle...... by goddidit · · Score: 5, Funny

      Minitrue mark the post doubleplusfunny.

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      This .sig is exactly 120 characters long.
    6. Re:Reading the artcle...... by b0s0z0ku · · Score: 2, Insightful
      Not sure about totalitarian, more like a crimistocracy or crimocracy or perhaps crimotarian.

      Same thing. Only difference is that in a totalitarian state the criminals generally operate under color of law.

      -b.

    7. Re:Reading the artcle...... by goddidit · · Score: 2, Funny

      Here comes the woosher to woosh up your head!!

      --
      This .sig is exactly 120 characters long.
    8. Re:Reading the artcle...... by Moofie · · Score: 2, Insightful

      The word you're hunting for is "kleptocracy".

      --
      Why yes, I AM a rocket scientist!
    9. Re:Reading the artcle...... by Marcos+Eliziario · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Look for photos of person sick with acute radioative poisoning. You'll agree that's pretty violent.

      --
      Your ad could be here!
    10. Re:Reading the artcle...... by Master+of+Transhuman · · Score: 4, Insightful


      According to Justin Raimondo's analysis of the case, Litivenko is a raving lunatic whose accusations in general have been ridiculously unsubstantiated.

      Therefore, the likelihood is that he was killed precisely to frame Putin for his murder, since he had no other value to anybody, apparently.

      The assumption that Putin is behind it just because the individual was ex-KGB is a clear case of jumping to conclusions based on no evidence.

      --
      Richard Steven Hack - This sig is TOO GODDAMN SHORT TO DO ANYTHING USEFUL WITH! MORONS!
    11. Re:Reading the artcle...... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      There is one other instance I can think of. In 1990 a disgruntled employee of the Point Lepreau Nuclear Generating Station in New Brunswick dumped heavy water from the primary heat transport loop of the reactor into the office water cooler. The water was of course heavily contaminated with radioactive tritium due to neutron bombardment of the deuterium in the heavy water and 8 people recieved significant radiation doses. On person recieved about 20 REM (200 mSv)! Not nearly deadly but not nice at all.No. Deuterium is an oddball nuclide and does not absorb neutrons. This is why it is used as a moderator in some nuclear reactors (heavy water is not as good at slowing down neutrons and normal water, but normal water has resonance absorption of neutrons which makes it overall a worse moderator). You make tritium out of neutron bombarding lithium (which you won't have in a reactor unless it is the brief byproduct of boron-10 neutron absorption and subsequent alpha decay).

      Primary coolant will have chemicals in it to make it less corrosive and it will also have some radioactive material that has rubbed off of parts activated in a neutron flux (such as Co-60). The chemicals are likely to make someone sick, but the radioactive material is fairly low. It would be useful to note whether the 20 rem was a lifetime calculated dose or a acute dose. A 20 rem lifetime dose is not really that significant, but a 20 rem acute dose is about half as much needed to make someone get radiation sickness.

    12. Re:Reading the artcle...... by rahvin112 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Polonium 210 is difficult to obtain from it's natural sources. In fact it's so difficult to purify that you need a full blown nuclear laboratory to separate the element. There are only a dozen labs in this world capable of extracting it. All of these labs are state controlled. So if it's very difficult to purify, can only be obtained from a limited number of state run laboratories, do you honestly believe that anyone other than a head of state could have ordered the poisoning? What about the Ukraine and the orange revolution? Yushchenko was poised by Russia, of that there is no doubt, it just didn't kill him. It obvious to me that they decided giving someone a cup of dioxin wouldn't kill them so they moved onto something that they knew would and would actually prevent an autopsy for fear of contaminating the doctors doing it.

    13. Re:Reading the artcle...... by Goaway · · Score: 3, Insightful

      can only be obtained from a limited number of state run laboratories

      http://unitednuclear.com/isotopes.htm

    14. Re:Reading the artcle...... by rbanffy · · Score: 2, Informative

      As far as killing him of leukemia 6 months from now, this would not be enough to contain any information he migh have - 6 months is time enough to write a biography.

      If this is a case of silencing him because he was about to disclose something really nasty, why not run over him with a truck or hit him with a falling brick or, even better, making him vanish without a trace? That's nothing a boat and a pair of cement shoes couldn't achieve. Although it's unclear if anyone was ever murdered with cement shoes, I could bet some money it's more frequent than with Polonium.

      If I am ever to have information people would kill me to avoid spreading, I would spread it as fast and wide as I could, leaving my potential killers scrambling for damage control and lower my value as a target.

      Of course, they might kill me later, for revenge, but later is better than sooner.

      But remaining a high value target is something really dumb to do.

    15. Re:Reading the artcle...... by shutdown+-p+now · · Score: 2, Informative
      Which they do here in Russia nowadays.

      But no, it's not totalitarian. The fact that I'm - a Russian, living in Russia - is able to write it, and noone will go after me for this, proves otherwise. Nah, it's not even anywhere near China yet. It's just your typical African-style third-world country with utterly corrupt but formally democratic government (and if you look at various freedom, life quality, wealth distribution & corruption indices, that's where Russia is today, somewhere in the company of Ghana, Mozambique and Zimbabwe). Noone cares what you say in general, until your words start to inconvenience those in power - for that they must at the very least be heard by someone who cares, so kitchen talk and random ranting on the Net (like this post) are not enough to make the government interested in you. But when you are a journalist or otherwise notable figure with access to mass media channels, and your words are heard and listened to... that's when they try to shut you up by any means necessary. Jail & assassination are the last resort measures in this game, though by no means unheard of.

    16. Re:Reading the artcle...... by coastwalker · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Disagreeable though Putins reign may be I dont automatically think this apalling act was comissioned by him. If you take a look on Wikipedia at Polonium 210 you will see that it is used in commercial elctrostatic dissipators. If I was AlQuaida I could buy these things and dissolve the Polonium in Hydochloric acid and make a Polonium salt. This material is 5000 times more toxic than radium and totaly leathal if you can get a pin heads worth to be drunk by your victim.

      The assasination would be a handy political thing for Al Quaida, to stop Russia from supplying Europe with oil and gas and force Russia to sell to China and India instead. That way you would be more likely to see a continued occupation of Iraq and a continued running sore between the West and the Moslem world - not to mention the increased likelyhood of war between the West and oil supplying Arab states. All this is grist to the mill of Al Quaida which needs continued conflict in order to exist. Remember that their winning card is that their warped religion allows them to kill as many of their own people as the enemy in order to achieve their goals - and to get away with doing this.

      Putin is the obvious source of this assasination but its an increadibly stupid move if you want to increase the value of your oil and gas revenues where the more customers there are the higher a price you can charge. I dont think it was at the behest of Putin. Though its always possible it was done by a stupid Russian criminal who hoped to gain favour. My guess is that it was commissioned by a chezen cell under the direction of Al Quaida.

      --
      Facts are history now plebs have politics for religion on social media.
  2. History repeating, sort of by Phanatic1a · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Shades of Georgi Markov, a Soviet expatriate/dissident who was also assassinated in London. He was stabbed in the leg with a special spring-loaded umbrella that subcutaneously injected a metal pellet contaminated with ricin. They didn't even find the pellet until he was already dead, and it took some work to find out just what had killed him.

    I wonder how they got the polonium into him. For a death this rapid, he'd pretty much have had to ingest it.

    1. Re:History repeating, sort of by meshko · · Score: 3, Informative

      a Soviet expatriate/dissidentBulgarian For a death this rapid, he'd pretty much have had to ingest it.Three weeks is nto that rapid.

      --
      I passed the Turing test.
    2. Re:History repeating, sort of by Chicane-UK · · Score: 2, Informative

      Not sure if its mentioned in TFA (have to admit I didn't look) but the reports from the BBC this week, about his poisoning (and before his death) stated that he'd met two men for lunch at a Sushi bar and began to feel seriously ill a few hours after eating there.

      Not sure if they would be able to put polonium into sushi without him realising? Not even sure what it is or how large a dose you'd need to kill someone! :|

      --
      "Hey! Unless this is a nude love-in, get the hell off my property!!"
    3. Re:History repeating, sort of by peragrin · · Score: 3, Funny

      for polonium to kill you with alpha radiation, it would have to be ingested. The real question is what seasonings they use to cover up the taste. Of course it is british cuisine we are talking about. So they may never know.

      --
      i thought once I was found, but it was only a dream.
    4. Re:History repeating, sort of by dewie · · Score: 2, Funny

      Not sure if they would be able to put polonium into sushi without him realising?

      Isn't it obvious? The wasabi! You could hide anything in that stuff, and no-one would ever taste it. It'd even cover up the telltale green glow!

      --
      Jurisprudence Fetishist Gets Off On A Technicality --theonion.com
    5. Re:History repeating, sort of by thue · · Score: 2, Interesting

      The real question is what seasonings they use to cover up the taste

      For the curious, Thallium is odorless and tasteless. I guess animals just don't evolve receptors for substances not usually found in nature.

    6. Re:History repeating, sort of by Phanatic1a · · Score: 4, Informative

      It is for a death from radiological causes. To kill someone in mere days requires obscenely high doses of radiation, we're talking prompt-criticality accidents. Slotin took 2100 rems in an instant, enough to noticeably heat the air in the room, and he still lasted for 9 days.

    7. Re:History repeating, sort of by CmdrGravy · · Score: 3, Funny

      Yes. Sushi stalwart cornerstone of British cusine since time immemorial.

    8. Re:History repeating, sort of by LWATCDR · · Score: 2, Informative

      While funny it probably isn't a real problem.
      From the wikipedia the "safe" body load of Po210 is a massive 6.8*10^-12 grams.
      I doubt that you would have to ingest very much of it to kill you.

      --
      See my blog http://ilovecookes.blogspot.com/ for light hearted technical information.
    9. Re:History repeating, sort of by ahillen · · Score: 4, Interesting

      It is for a death from radiological causes. To kill someone in mere days requires obscenely high doses of radiation,

      But as far as I understand it, it is not claimed that he died from the radiation, but from the fact that Polonium is also very toxic.

    10. Re:History repeating, sort of by deglr6328 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Polonium is horribly toxic BECAUSE of its unbelieveably high radioactivity rate. It is a radiotoxicity not a chemical toxicity. I'm sure Po also posesses chemical (heavy metal) toxicity properties as well but you would be stone dead from the radiotoxicity alone of a tiny dose LONG before any heavy metal toxicity was an issue. I don't think people are appreciating just how radiotoxic it actually is, for instance a mere tenth of a milligram of Po-210 would give you a dose hundreds of times greater than Louis Slotin had.

      --
      - "Hear that?! The percolations are imminent! Cease your ingress!"
    11. Re:History repeating, sort of by debrain · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I guess animals just don't evolve receptors for substances not usually found in nature.

      Artifical flavours taste pretty strong to me. ;-)

    12. Re:History repeating, sort of by QRDeNameland · · Score: 2, Informative

      According to this, a grain of sand can range from 0.30 mg to 13 mg. That's milligrams: 1/1,000ths of grams.

      The quoted safe dose of Po-210 is 6.8 picograms, which is trillionths (1/1,000,000,000,000) of grams.

      Without taking the differences of density between sand and Po-210 into account (quartz is 2.65, Po is over 9), that amount is in the order of one-billionth of a grain of sand.

      --
      Momentarily, the need for the construction of new light will no longer exist.
    13. Re:History repeating, sort of by kravlor · · Score: 5, Informative

      The problem is that Po-210 is a potent alpha emitter. Since these guys are kicking off 5 MeV alphas, you will get a huge dose localized to a few cm from the parent nucleus. In the digestive system, you'll quickly tear things apart, killing the stem cells of the intestinal tract. It gets worse if absorbed into the bloodstream and the bone marrow.

      While I'm not a toxicologist, I am a nuclear physicist; one of the foremost rules of radiation safety is to avoid ingesting alpha sources (or any other source, for God's sake) for precisely this reason. FWIW, alpha sources are one of the safer things to work with, for exactly the same reason that they're so bad for you if ingested: a few cm of shielding is sufficient to stop the penetrating alpha particles.

    14. Re:History repeating, sort of by kravlor · · Score: 2, Insightful

      When it comes to eating alpha sources, nothing should be considered safe, since the localized range (~cm) of the emitters, coupled with the strong energies of the alphas (~MeV) do terrible damage to the body.

    15. Re:History repeating, sort of by cmd · · Score: 5, Interesting
      New York Times: Mr. Litvinenko, 43, a prominent opponent of the Kremlin, was hospitalized earlier this month. He said that he fell ill after having lunch at a sushi restaurant with a man who said he had information about the killing of Anna Politkovskaya, a journalist who had made her name as a critic of the government's policies in Chechnya.

      I read another article in which Litvinenko suspected the poison was in the tea served to him.

      Also, Litvinenko and Putin have a long history:
      New York Times: (from the archives, paid registration required)

      November 21, 1998
      Report of Plot to Kill Tycoon Leads Yeltsin to Call Inquiry
      By MICHAEL WINES

      President Boris N. Yeltsin ordered an inquiry today into spectacular charges leveled earlier this week -- so far without evidence -- that Russia's equivalent of the F.B.I. plotted to kill one of the country's most influential tycoons.

      The tycoon is Boris A. Berezovsky, an oil magnate and director of Russia's biggest television network, who was a leading supporter of Mr. Yeltsin during the last presidential campaign in 1996.

      Mr. Berezovsky, who is still alive, released a letter last week asserting that the Federal Security Service, a spinoff of the old Soviet K.G.B. that is responsible for domestic law enforcement, plotted last winter to murder him.

      On Tuesday the source of Mr. Berezovsky's information, a Security Service colonel named Aleksandr Litvinenko, called a news conference to elaborate on the accusation and warn that a rogue element was running wild within the agency.

      ...

      The list of very prominent people who once opposed Putin and suffered extremely nasty reversals of fortune is growing conspicuously long:

      • Life sentence to a Siberian gulag [Mikhail Khodorkovsky]
      • Slow, painful, and irreversible death from radiation poisoning [Litvinenko]
      • Execution (hitman style) on one's doorstep [Anna Politkovskaya]
      • Execution leaving a soccer game [Andrei Kozlov]
      • Execution at one's dacha [Enver Ziganshin]
      • Dioxin poisoning (nearly fatal) [Viktor A. Yushchenko]

      Ironically, an interview of Litvinenko from December 15 2004 included this prophetic quote:

      "The view inside our agency was that poison is just a weapon, like a pistol," said Alexander V. Litvinenko, who served in the K.G.B. and its Russian successor, the Federal Security Service, from 1988 to 1999 and now lives in London. "It's not seen that way in the West, but it was just viewed as an ordinary tool."
  3. examination by bcrowell · · Score: 4, Informative

    The delay is believed to be over concerns about the health implications for those present at the examination.
    If they're concerned, they're too ignorant about science to be qualified to do the exam. The rule of thumb is that alpas are stopped by air. Even if the guy's body fluids got on you, the alphas wouldn't get through your epidermis -- and I assume people doing autopsies are going to be wearing latex gloves, a mask, etc., since they don't want to get exposed to AIDS, etc.

    1. Re:examination by chrisbtoo · · Score: 2, Funny

      A quick read about Polonium shows that its soluble in dilute acids. I wonder if thats how it was introduced?


      Pickled ginger FTW!
      --
      Registering accounts later than some other chrisb since 1997
    2. Re:examination by stair69 · · Score: 2, Informative

      Though you're right that alpha doesn't penetrate the skin, you still need to take extreme care with Polonium. The reason is that it has a tendency to become airbourne even at room temperature, and once in the air it is there is inhalation danger to people nearby unless they are wearing respirators. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonium#Chemical_cha racteristics

      The high level of alpha decay in Po-210 is responsible for this evaporation (spallation) - alpha collisions with atoms near the surface can cause atoms to be knocked free into the air.

  4. Worried, me? by sane? · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Hands up who's not worried by this?

    Lots of talk of what Al Qaeda might do, but these are the people with their hands on thousands of nukes, much of the energy supplies and they are now poisoning people with radioactive isotopes because they say they are scheming murdering psychopaths.

    Do we really need another bunch of homicidal f*ckwits in the world?

    1. Re:Worried, me? by Catbeller · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I've come to the conclusion that the American illuminati hated the Russians because they were too alike, too close in methodology and goals, to the Americans. Now that all the ideology is stripped away, there really isn't much difference between the Bushes+the CIA and Putin+the KGB. Except that the Russians are so much better at the nasty stuff, as they aren't hampered by thinking of themselves as morally superior.

      The ex-KGB boys used a poison that is produced at the rate of 10 grams per year worldwide. They didn't do it to be clever. They did it to send a message that they did it, there's nothing that can stop them, and when you fuck with Putin and the New Russian Order and you get a creative agonizing death.

      Putin was behind it. So again with the reporter a few months ago. Protest, die.

      Now that we know that our "ally" is putting the finishing trim on his capitalist dictatorship, how will our millionaire media airheads and our millionaire government respond? Do I hear crickets?

    2. Re:Worried, me? by DrVomact · · Score: 4, Insightful
      Putin was behind it.

      You know this for a fact? How?

      Certainly, it's possible...but there's no proof. Moreover, I fail to see how Litvinenko's very public death would benefit Putin. The old KGB apparat splintered into many pieces after the demise of the USSR. Some of them work for the present Russian government, some are self-employed, and some work for...other organizations. It's possible that Litvinenko's poking around was getting close to someone in the "Russian Mafia" who had the means to pull this off, or the motive may be something as banal as a personal grudge held by an ex-subordinate. Litvinenko certainly flouted one of the basic rules for enjoying a long life: avoid making enemies whenever possible. He not only had many enemies—his enemies were dangerous.

      It does seem likely to me that Litvinenko's death can be attributed to the ex-KGB, if for no other reason than that they are one of the few organizations that would have had quantities of exotic poisons stashed away. The problem is which faction or members of the ex-KGB might be responsible. Russian mafia? Rogue clique within the present Russian secret police org? An old boy (or a whole pissed-off department of the defunct KGB) pulling in some favors and activating connections to finally get even? Insufficient facts, I'm afraid.

      You might want to pick up Litvinenko's book: Blowing up Russia : Terror from Within.

      --
      Great men are almost always bad men--Lord Acton's Corollary
    3. Re:Worried, me? by shutdown+-p+now · · Score: 3, Interesting
      Russia is not your ally. Has never really been, except maybe for a short period in early 90's. Definitely not after the Kosovo war.

      I can tell you that when 9/11 happened, the overwhelming feeling over here was "yankees got what they deserved". I remember the results of the polls published soon afterwards showed the same reaction on the large scale. It was really scary. It seems that the hatred towards America and the West in general was so deeply indoctrinated to everyone in the USSR that it didn't took much for it to surface again.

      What's worse, in the last few years, there has been a large-scale Westernophobia campaign coming from the government. They're telling us about how morally corrupt European countries and the U.S. are, denouncing Western liberalism (that's social liberalism - freedom of religion/speech/press etc - not economical) which is "morally harmful" and "destabilizing society", and then go ahead to tell how superior Russia is in going our own "special" way - reminds you of something going on in some other parts of the world mayhap, say, Iran, or North Korea? Oh, apparently we also need some special kind of democracy for our country - "sovereign democracy" is the official term for it - somehow distinct from the evil and corrupting Western democracy.

      The worst part of it is that most people here seem to support this political course. So, yes, you should be worried about this. But there's nothing you can really do - we've got nukes, and lots of them too. And nuclear subs. And other nasty stuff like biochem weapons. And people shall willingly take the arms and fight against NATO forces if it ever comes to a war to "defend the country against foreign aggression" (and with it, the corrupt regime).

      So your leaders will keep smiling to Mr.Putin, and they will always be good friends, and Russia will always be just a special kind of democracy, absolutely unlike Iran or NK.

  5. Former USSR = nutbag central? by 0jjjjjjjjjj0 · · Score: 5, Interesting
    It will be interesting to see how this investigation concludes. Some dismiss a lot of what comes out at these press conferences as simple 'nutbag syndrome', however well-founded their claims may be. See, from the article ...

    As the conference drew to a close, a heckler interrupted saying he was from Ukraine and had also been the victim of poisoning.

    He's been labelled a heckler, when he may well have a genuine issue at hand. The same thing, perhaps a little more dramatic, happened at a press conference regarding the demise of the Kursk.

    On 18 August, Nadezhda Tylik mother of Kursk submariner Lt. Sergei Tylik, produced an intense emotional outburst in the middle of an in-progress news briefing about Kursk's fate. After attempts to quiet her failed, a nurse injected her with a sedative and she was removed from the room, incapacitated. The event, caught on film, caused further criticism of the government's response to both the disaster, and how the government handled public criticism of said response.

    When Russia (yes, even modern-day Russia) gets its hands near an investigation, the result is usually indeterminate or irrelevant, never indisputable.

    --
    WANRING: This warning is misspelt.
  6. Polonium-210? What legitimate uses does it have? by schwit1 · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Other than in nuclear weapons?

  7. Strange way of killing someone by Jugalator · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I don't understand why of all things, they were using Polonium-210 to kill him. Since that's not exactly something you buy over the counter, wouldn't there be "better" ways of killing him by poisoning without drawing as much attention? Only about 100 grams of Polonium, any isotope, is estimated to be produced yearly and it's extremely rare in nature. It's hard to imagine a better way of drawing attention to the government.

    --
    Beware: In C++, your friends can see your privates!
    1. Re:Strange way of killing someone by bigberk · · Score: 2, Insightful

      It's hard to imagine a better way of drawing attention to the government.Maybe that's the point of it: a message to others thinking of disgracing the state, "who do you THINK could use this to poison him, of course it's us". Kind of a classy (in a twisted psycho way) to do a state execution before the world's eyes That being said, I take anything in the media with a grain of salt. The west (incl UK) isn't exactly friendly to Russia. They would probably rather make it sound like a Russian hit given a chance

    2. Re:Strange way of killing someone by Goaway · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Not over the counter, but how about on the internet? Only $69!

    3. Re:Strange way of killing someone by fearanddread · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Holy cow. That site is so ghetto I'd be afraid to give them my credit card number. Guess there isn't enough money in nuclear e-commerce to gussy the site up a bit.

  8. Re:Apparently by fafaforza · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Russia's actions are much more appalling because they are done in such openness, with such indifference to how easily it can be traced back to the state, underscoring their government's brazenness in doing whatever the heck they feel like doing. The list includes jailing an oil tycoon and using a fake company -- with shown ties to the government and billions of dollars that it gathered seemingly out of nowhere, to bid for the oil company, when sell it back to the state for pennies on the dollar. Or cutting off natural gas to entire countries in the midst of the coldest winter in years.

    It is amazing to me how nothing has changed in Russia since the cold war, the KGB, Solidarity, etc. Russia is the big bully of Europe and there doesn't appear anyone that can stand up to them, and there's definitely too many business/trade ties for other governments to use any strong tactics to chastise Putin.

  9. The same seasoning they use... by fuego451 · · Score: 2, Funny

    to cover up most dishes: Curry. I had so much curry as a child I now need it to survive. Mmmm, kidney pie.

  10. Polonium by no-body · · Score: 4, Informative
    Polonium-210 is very dangerous to handle in even milligram or microgram amounts, and special equipment and strict control is necessary. Damage arises from the complete absorption of the energy of the alpha particle into tissue.


    The maximum permissible body burden for ingested polonium is only 0.03 microcuries, which represents a particle weighing only 6.8 x 10-12 g. Weight for weight it is about 2.5 x 1011 times as toxic as hydrocyanic acid. The maximum allowable concentration for soluble polonium compounds in air is about 2 x 10-11 microcuries/cm3.


    From: there


    Soluble in acidic environment.
    Apparently he was repeatedly invited by by an unkown russian person to drink tea....
    A little sourness in tea with a few milligram of metal dissolved.


  11. What an awful headline by Tim+C · · Score: 4, Informative

    He wasn't poisoned by radiation in the UK, he was poisoned in the UK by radiation.

    The former implies that it was the radiation present in the UK that poisoned him; the latter makes it clear that he happened to be in the UK when he was poisoned by radiation.

  12. Re:Polonium-210? What legitimate uses does it have by RobertB-DC · · Score: 3, Insightful
    Surely I'm not the only one to immediately look up the element on the Wooden Periodic Table Table?
    Antistatic brush.
    These brushes, which you can still buy today (2002) are made for brushing static charge off of photographic negatives. The radiation from the polonium element (which must be replaced every year or so because the half life is only 138 days) ionizes the air around the brush, making it conductive and carrying away the static charge.
    [...]
    Later, while I was in Boston to receive the Ig Nobel Prize for the wooden periodic table, I purchased a brand new brush with a full charge of polonium. That's why this sample is classified as having about 20% actual polonium: It's an average figure assuming I buy a new one every few years (they are fairly cheap).

    Sounds like all our Russian "friends" needed to do was to visit the local camera store's going-out-of-business sale.
    --
    Stressed? Me? Of course not. Stress is what a rubber band feels before it breaks, silly.
  13. Re:Polonium-210? What legitimate uses does it have by Dunbal · · Score: 2, Informative

    If he was dying, don't you think he'd have dropped a hint so that doctors might be able to treat him?

          You can't save a patient that has this level of radiation poisoning. Impossible. Maybe he knew it, so he decided to play for the maximum political advantage. If people can fly aircraft into buildings, they can do this. Anyway it's just a creepy thought, probably not true at all - where would he get it? It will be interesting to see what the cause of the radiation is at the sushi bar. So long as it's not coming from the sewer ;)

    --
    Seven puppies were harmed during the making of this post.
  14. Re:Apparently by b0s0z0ku · · Score: 4, Interesting
    Dang... Russia is getting sloppy.

    Wrong answer. This may be intended as a very public warning to other possible defectors and traitors not to follow in Litvinenko's footsteps. The same deal as the (apocryphal?) story Oleg Penkovsky (GRU double agent in the 60ies) being burnt alive and a film of the execution being shown to all new KGB recruits to discourage disloyalty.

    -b.

  15. screenplay by Roald Dahl by BorgCopyeditor · · Score: 2, Funny

    Well, you only live twice.

    --
    Shop as usual. And avoid panic buying.
  16. Re:Devotion to one's cause by b0s0z0ku · · Score: 2, Interesting
    He was an ex-KGB defector and therefore more likely to have the contacts to get Polonium-210 that most people. On the other hand, the suggestion that that may have happened does seem pretty wild.

    Interesting question - what if he's found to have some other terminal disease at the autopsy? What if he knew he was going to die within a few months anyway and decided to suicide in a rather spectacular manner that would embarrass the fuck out of the Russian government? Wild speculation here of course.

    -b.

  17. Re:If the FSB did it, I'm sure they felt justified by b0s0z0ku · · Score: 2, Insightful
    even if Putin has ordered his execution it's not necessarily illegal

    Not under Russian law maybe, but British law tends to frown upon murder on British soil. If whoever did it is caught, they'll be spending a long stretch in a small dark hotel room...

    -b.

  18. Yes, exactly, that is the reason by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful
    This makes it bloody clear that someone with some real power (how else to get the stuff) wanted this person death AND succeeded. It sends a message. Cross us and you die and we don't give a shit who knows. You can kill someone to send the victim a message OR to everyone else who is aware of the killing.

    Offcourse it might just as well be a setup. Someone who wants to make it look like it was Putin.

    Frankly I don't know enough about the guy to make a guess wich one is the case but the use of an obvious method of execution is not that hard to explain. Because if it was Putin then so what. Will britain go to war over this? Even a mere trade war? Most likely not. If it was Putin this was a show of power. Basically saying,"we are still here and don't you forget it."

    Offcourse the other option, that this is a setup to frame Putin is less likely but far more intresting. Russia is screwed up enough that Putin has lots of enemies in Russia itself and with its security system all messed up someone getting hold of a rare material is not that unimaginable.

    So the question is, why would Putin want this guy dead so badly (more acuratly why would Putin want the world to know that he wanted this guy dead and succeeded) OR who wants to make it look like Putin killed this guy.

    Ah, were is 007 when you need him?

  19. Polonium 210? by Enrique1218 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I could have thought of 200 better ways to off someone discretely just by watching the Sopranos or The Wire. With all the poisons in the world, they pick an exotic and rare poison yet whose symptoms are ubiquitous and unique. What is the cover story? He moonlights as a nuclear technician? I think the spies have watch too many James Bond films. It would have been better to have taken him to an abandon house, clipped him, and then pour lye over him to removed the evidence. Or here is a better thought, stop doing bad things. Russia should try to be more civil and stop offing dissidents and take a more American approach- brand them unpatriotic.

    --
    You don't have to be smart to use a Mac, you just have to be smart enough to buy one
  20. Re:Polonium-210? What legitimate uses does it have by deglr6328 · · Score: 3, Interesting

    I know you're making a joke but this isn't as far fetched as I bet you think it is....It COULD have been done that way. The CEDE for ingested polonium (comitted efective dose equivalent) is an astounding 2,000 mREM/microcurie or 2,000 REM/millicurie (a lethal dose of radiation to 50% of people is only ~500 rem). He would need to ingest only .5-1 millicurie of Po-210 to get a lethal dose and each anti-static brush contains how much Po? .2-.5 millicuries per brush apparently.... I'm not saying that's how it happened, I'm sure the KGB has access to far larger amounts of Po that they would have used but it does give an idea of just how incredibly tiny an amount is needed to do harm. Even a THOUSAND TIMES the lethal dose of .5 mCi would be a mere tenth of a milligram.

    --
    - "Hear that?! The percolations are imminent! Cease your ingress!"
  21. Putin Pedophile Link by ElephanTS · · Score: 4, Interesting

    http://www.cbsnews.com/sections/i_video/main500251 .shtml?id=1760111n

    There's a video there of Putin kissing the 5 year old boy's stomach. This started a lot of speculation and I have read that the KGB gathered video from a hotel room proving that he was from years ago. When Putin headed the KGB all these videos obviously disappeared. There is stuff about it on teh web if anyone needs to do some research. I suspect it's true.

    --
    spoonerize "magic trackpad"
    1. Re:Putin Pedophile Link by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

      A link to the hardly unbiased Chechen Press, and a harmless video on YouTube of (shock horror) "a politician kissing a small child in public" are not quite what I would consider hard evidence.

  22. Re:I am surprised by Xest · · Score: 4, Interesting

    They did try a Geiger counter but it wouldn't detect alpha radiation. As alpha radiation poisoning is so uncommon and unheard of it wasn't an obvious option, also as alpha radiation wouldn't even escape out of his body through his organs and skin the only way to detect it was if traces of it left his body through other methods - i.e. his urine which is where they eventually found it.

  23. Re:Devotion to one's cause by Mateorabi · · Score: 2, Informative
    Perhaps I am an idiot.


    Yes, but a useful one.

    --
    "You saved 1968." - Ms. Valerie Pringle to the crew of Apollo 8

  24. Re:Same old Russia by tobe · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Barbarians compared to the US of course who indulge in no such activites..

    Like rigging elections, assasinating democractically elected heads of state they don't agree with, invading countries for suggesting they might prefer to sell oil in Euros thus causing a huge run on the already weak dollar, selling arms and torture equipment to countries with appalling human rights records, wire-tapping their own citizens on a scale undreamed of by the most autocratic of regimes, collaborating with despots for profit, operating an institutionally rascist judicial systm, atempting to deny women rights fundamentally accepted as basic by the entire western world, accepting graft as a proxy for politic.. yadda yadda yadda..

    I'm not saying the rest of the western world's any better.. the brits, the french, the israelis.. they're all doing their bits to help out f ck it all up.. but really.. it's the sheer bare-faced hypocrisy of the US that disappoints the most.. still.. we seem to be growing up slowly..

  25. Litvinenko's statement before he died by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative
    I would like to thank many people. My doctors, nurses and hospital staff who are doing all they can for me, the British police who are pursuing my case with vigour and professionalism and are watching over me and my family.

    I would like to thank the British government for taking me under their care. I am honoured to be a British citizen.

    I would like to thank the British public for their messages of support and for the interest they have shown in my plight.

    I thank my wife Marina, who has stood by me. My love for her and our son knows no bounds.

    But as I lie here I can distinctly hear the beating of wings of the angel of death.

    I may be able to give him the slip but I have to say my legs do not run as fast as I would like.

    I think, therefore, that this may be the time to say one or two things to the person responsible for my present condition.

    You may succeed in silencing me but that silence comes at a price. You have shown yourself to be as barbaric and ruthless as your most hostile critics have claimed.

    You have shown yourself to have no respect for life, liberty or any civilised value.

    You have shown yourself to be unworthy of your office, to be unworthy of the trust of civilised men and women.

    You may succeed in silencing one man but the howl of protest from around the world will reverberate, Mr Putin, in your ears for the rest of your life.

    May God forgive you for what you have done, not only to me but to beloved Russia and its people.

    http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/6180262.stm
  26. Re:Polonium-210? What legitimate uses does it have by udderly · · Score: 2, Funny

    What if rogue clowns from some other planet drove their flying space armadillo to the UK, abducted this guy and used an anal probe to implant the polonium in his ass?

    Seriously, have you never heard of Occam's Razor?

  27. Answers to the question... by TheOriginalRevdoc · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I've seen a few posts here asking "why use such an obvious method of killing someone?"

    The answer is: it's very, very far from obvious. The mere fact that it's taken so long to work out what the poison was indicates how subtle Polonium poisoning is.

    1. Based on the Wikipedia entry for Polonium, the dosage required is incredibly small. We're not talking milligrams, here; we're talking micrograms, or less. Just detecting such a tiny quantity distributed throughout the victim's body is going to be incredibly hard.

    2. The poison won't produce discernable radiation outside the victim's body, either, because alpha radiation is so readily absorbed by tissue. (That's also what makes it such a good poison, of course.)

    3. The thing with poisons is that you have to actually look for them. Polonium is such an unlikely poison - given its rarity and inherent handling hazards - that even considering it is far-fetched. The fact that the victim's urine contained helium was the only clue the pathologists had, and I think they deserve a huge amount of credit for getting from that result to polonium as the cause.

  28. The real question by CptPicard · · Score: 3, Interesting

    What truly puzzles me here is why exactly any secret service such as the FSB would be stupid enough to poison some Kremlin critic with a really hard to acquire substance such as Polonium. It should be assumed that the British WILL find out what killed Litvinenko, and when it is something as obscure as Polonium, it's got to be the Russians. You're practically implicating yourself by being too good at what you do.

    The guy is far more valuable to his cause as a confirmed martyr than some loud-mouthed expat living in Britain. If I were Putin, I probably wouldn't bother, and if I wanted to bother, I would want it to look like a traffic accident or a random mugging. The tinfoil hat guy in me actually is willing to believe this was a CIA job that wants to implicate the FSB. Let's face it, if you want to make Russia look bad, this is what you'd do.

    Unless, of course, I REALLY wanted to make a point of Russia's reach, but in that case, Putin's guys are simply miscalculating...

    --
    I want to play Free Market with a drowning Libertarian.
  29. Im sorry but i have to say this : by unity100 · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Russia's current president is an ex kgb president. he is a thug, as well as the big-money who is now running the country are mobs, mafia and thugs, who are suppressing russian people and being harmful not only to russian citizens and to the world.

    i see russia more dangerous than north korea while mafia placed presidents/governments, especially ones with kgb or such background at the helm.

  30. Re:Polonium-210? What legitimate uses does it have by rkww · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Even a THOUSAND TIMES the lethal dose of .5 mCi would be a mere tenth of a milligram.

    At 9196 kg/m^3 ~= 9 mg / mm^3, that's about a hundredth of a cubic millimeter, assuming it was given in elemental form.

    The sheer quantity of alpha radiation it produces also explains why it's used in satellites - "The power density of polonium is unique and made it attractive as a power source. One pound of polonium-210 occupies a volume of approximately 3 cubic inches and produces heat at the rate of 3.6 x 10^8 British Thermal Units (BTUs) per minute or about 64 kilowatts of electric power."

  31. can the isotopic signature be traced? by ridgecritter · · Score: 2, Interesting

    For some synthetic elements (like Pu, Np, etc.) the abundance of isotopes in the material can be an identifier of the production site, and in some cases, of the particular reactor that made the material. Is anyone here enough of a nuclear synthetic chemist to know if what is nominally Po210 actually has enough other minor Po isotopes that one might identify the production site by the mix, or secondarily, by looking at the decay product mix?

  32. Yes, it can be a translation problem by saikou · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I believe in this case Mr Putin used term "nasilstvennaya smert'" which basically means someone else killed that person. While "nasilstvennaya" has the same root as "nasilie" = violence, the meaning is "forced upon someone" versus "estestvennaya" (which would mean "natural causes" i.e. old age or an illness). Means of inflicting premature death could be violet (hacked with a saw) or not-so-violent (sleeping pills poisoning) but in both cases it would be an "unnatural cause of death"/"nasilstvennaya smert'".
    Of course it's way more fun to use "violent" in articles, as it paints Russian President as a fierce person who doesn't think that deaths not involving excessive violence are worthy of an investigation.

    Frankly I personally don't know what to think about this whole story. It's some sort of James Bond in real life. If it was really an evil plot, why did they use highly exotic means? Why not just shoot him during "robbery" or "accidentally" run him over with a car? To give him enough time to make an accusation? Did perpetrators they take into account his hate toward Russian government and simply used him for their own purposes? Or they knew we'd think that and reality is even more twisted? I don't think he'd do it on purpose -- sacrificing one's life is a very high price for a political statement to make.
    So my only option is to wait for the final results of the autopsy and then hope that source of the radioactive material will be found quickly, to prevent any other radiation poisonings.

  33. The Kremlin Pedophile By Alexander Litvinenko by ElephanTS · · Score: 3, Interesting


    The Kremlin Pedophile

    By Alexander Litvinenko

    A few days ago, Russian President Vladimir Putin walked from the Big Kremlin Palace to his Residence. At one of the Kremlin squares, the president stopped to chat with the tourists. Among them was a boy aged 4 or 5.

    'What is your name?' Putin asked.

    'Nikita,' the boy replied.

    Putin kneed, lifted the boy's T-shirt and kissed his stomach.

    The world public is shocked. Nobody can understand why the Russian president did such a strange thing as kissing the stomach of an unfamiliar small boy.

    The explanation may be found if we look carefully at the so-called "blank spots" in Putin's biography.

    After graduating from the Andropov Institute, which prepares officers for the KGB intelligence service, Putin was not accepted into the foreign intelligence. Instead, he was sent to a junior position in KGB Leningrad Directorate. This was a very unusual twist for a career of an Andropov Institute's graduate with fluent German. Why did that happen with Putin?

    Because, shortly before his graduation, his bosses learned that Putin was a pedophile. So say some people who knew Putin as a student at the Institute.

    The Institute officials feared to report this to their own superiors, which would cause an unpleasant investigation. They decided it was easier just to avoid sending Putin abroad under some pretext. Such a solution is not unusual for the secret services.

    Many years later, when Putin became the FSB director and was preparing for presidency, he began to seek and destroy any compromising materials collected against him by the secret services over earlier years. It was not difficult, provided he himself was the FSB director. Among other things, Putin found videotapes in the FSB Internal Security Directorate, which showed him having sex with some underage boys.

    Interestingly, the video was recorded in the same conspiratorial flat in Polyanka Street in Moscow where Russian Prosecutor-General Yuri Skuratov was secretly video-taped with two prostitutes. Later, in the famous scandal, Putin (on Roman Abramovich's instructions) blackmailed Skuratov with these tapes and tried to persuade the Prosecutor-General to resign. In that conversation, Putin mentioned to Skuratov that he himself was also secretly video-taped making sex at the same bed. (But of course, he did not tell it was pedophilia rather than normal sex.) Later, Skuratov wrote about this in his book Variant Drakona.

    --
    spoonerize "magic trackpad"
    1. Re:The Kremlin Pedophile By Alexander Litvinenko by kestasjk · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Is there any evidence for anything other than the part where he kissed the 5 year old's stomach?

      --
      // MD_Update(&m,buf,j);
  34. Ludicrously Complex Murder by MrSteveSD · · Score: 2, Informative

    The Russian government has often assassinated enemies with stupidly obvious methods like exotic poisons delivered through micro-machines pellets. The whole point of killing with these methods is to send a signal and leave little doubt who was responsible.

    However, killing him has probably backfired since more people know about the FSB bombing allegations (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_apartment_bo mbings#FSB_involvement) than before. The allegations seem quite credible. It's very much like a 911 conspiracy, i.e. Stage a terrorist outrage as an excuse to start a war. However, unlike 911 conspiracies, you find that you are not rolling your eyes with this one.

  35. Re:Why kill him in this way? by sillybilly · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Because shooting a spy with a gun does not instill a new fear into the population. Nasty stuff happens day in and day out, all over the world, but I'm always curious to see what the media wants to emphasize, and try to poke at what the motives must be. Spies are killed left and right and you never get to know about it. The important part here is that da man through his media channels decided to make a story about it, meaning it will probably have a desired effect. One effect I can think of is the "proliferation" of nuclear poisons and materials, giving you another reason to get stripsearched at an airport. It used to be that cops just tossed a small bag of white powder in your car, and you were caught redhanded, possessing drugs. You can swear you never saw that thing in your car, right, all pepople in prison swear they are innocent. But the penalties for finding powder on you are only nominal, there needs to be something that automatically takes you out of circulation for good, without parole. Soon you'll see people on "cops" caught carrying 2 mg of polonium! Wee! And the law enforcement is ready to counter the threat for your protection! It's like IE7 with "anti-phishing" measures! Gotta have some excuse, something latest and greates and novel to push something on you, getting stripsearched for drug possession is so old-fashioned and boring, but hey, not you'll be "phished" for polonium! Wee! That's the new vogue to get arrested for!

  36. United Nuclear by Kadin2048 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I think someone might notice when you call up United Nuclear and try to order 1,000 of their 0.1 uCi Polonium sources. (And I'm not even sure if 1,000 of them would be enough to poison someone. That's a really minute amount they're selling.)

    --
    "Ladies and gentlemen, my killbot features Lotus Notes and a machine gun. It is the finest available."
    1. Re:United Nuclear by Goaway · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Well what do you expect for $69 on the internet? Point was, it most definitely can not "only be obtained from a limited number of state run laboratories".

  37. Chernobyl victims by drgonzo59 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Yes, I have heart of people visiting the "liquidators"(people who were sent to clean up the mess) from Chernobyl. Some had gotten so much radiation, that they got cooked alive -- their flesh had lost all feeling was just coming off the bone like you see on an overdone turkey. Pretty sick, doctors just prescribed wine and vodka and waited for them to die. All my mom's plants on the balcony turned yellow, I wonder if my children would have to heads...

  38. Re:rarity by 1.000.000 · · Score: 2, Insightful

    And what can you or the rest of the world do about it? Nothing. And thats the point.

    --
    This is a viral signature. You are now infected!
  39. Dissappointing by AaronLawrence · · Score: 3, Insightful

    After heading for a democracy, Russia is falling back into old ways. When I was there one woman earnestly asked me what I thought of Putin, and: "He is a strong leader isn't he"? Perhaps there is something in the Russian pysche that wants a strong leader more than a moral leader.

    Their treatment of Georgia and other nearby states is not good lately, and this suggests that there are powerful and nasty organisations still calling shots there.

    Please, Russians, don't go down the same road again!

    --
    For every expert, there is an equal and opposite expert. - Arthur C. Clarke
  40. Re:USA-USSR & Gentleman's Agreement in Cold Wa by tigga · · Score: 2, Interesting
    You are forgetting about Stepan Bandera (killed in Munich on October 15, 1959) and Georgi Markov (killed in London on September 11, 1978). Both were poisoned. Those are two verified cases of famous people which were assasinated by KGB. There might be a lot more people died for "unknown reasons".

    BTW communists were not gentleman - they might appear to follow agreement for their propaganda purposes. Communists are gone (mostly) now and there is no reason Putin would pursue old days agreements.

  41. A Letter from Litvinenko's Bedside by tulimulta · · Score: 2, Informative

    The Finnish Newspaper Helsingin Sanomat published yesterday a letter from the Russian film director Andrei Nekrasov. (Coincidentally, mr. Putin was also visiting Finland yesterday as part of the Russia-EU summit.) The letter is a scathing analysis of the present-day Russian society.

  42. Re:SPY? by hughk · · Score: 2, Informative

    Along with the other oligarchs, Berezovsky did some very unfortunate things. Many Russians say "he is Jewish" and leave it at that. However, the 'Siloviki' just seem to be replacing the old Oligarchs with new ones, in the process reducing any notion of private ownership. Before Putin, the view held by many in the Russian markets was that the Oligarchs had stolen their bit during privatisation, but overall they needed things to settle down for them to realise their investments. In such an environment, ordinary people could have investments, insurance policies, pension funds or whatever. The attack on Yukos and Khordokovsky was a lesson that Russia wasn't ready for transparency in business or government.

    Actually it remains a lot cheaper but only if you go direct. Someone who is going to get a stand at CeBIT is generally to expensive, i.e., a large amount of cost is the payoff because your company is big enough to be 'noticed' and there is probably also a local company taking a hefty margin (yes I know some Russian/German companies). India is extremely expensive for an onshore/offshore project, the major vendors ask a blended rate of around 500 Eur/day for on-site and still 300 or so Eur a day for a senior person in India. However, despite the infrastructure issues in India, it is perceived to be a much lower risk by major customer, particularly in the area of financial systems.

    People die all the time in India, from starvation or whatever. There is even terrorism as well. However, it is seen as being a much safer bet than Russia. High profile assassinations make people uncomfortable. So does the fact that the army/MVD can hang around Pulkovo airport and arbitrarily and illegally 'fine' foreigners with impunity.

    --
    See my journal, I write things there
  43. Oh, I think Putin had him killed by dsmall · · Score: 3, Interesting

    I think perhaps in all the very, very politically correct talk about how the United States is really just the same morally as other countries like Syria, Uganda and Russia is how incredibly _evil_ the KGB was/is. It is just not politically correct to say bad things about the ex-Soviet Union.
    However, having been to Berlin a few days after the Wall came down, and having talked to people from the former Soviet Union, I can tell you that this remote academic theorizing is so much ear's wax, and some people really need to get outside more. In some ways it is fitting that the last of the ugly huge Lenin posters, etc, are by Chernobyl.
    Pretty much everyone knows that PC conceals truth. What's the truth?
    Putin rose to head the KGB because he's the chief scum of some extremely evil scum. They were the enforcement arm of a political system that killed more people, and enslaved more people, than any other this world has ever known.
    The Soviet Union, which crashed Dec. 25 1991, has become a Third World country. I have friends who have left that place because they were under death threats to pay up or be killed. Another friend tried to set up an export business but was stopped by the Russian Mafia. The Museum of Soviet Spaceflight was burned to the ground because it could not pay off two rival "protection" gangs. The Buran "Space Shuttle Clone" sits in a park as a plaything.
    So, do I think Putin would off this guy with polonium? Yep. It had a good chance of not being detected.
    Has the KGB offed other people who gave them a bad time in England? Yep. They whacked Georgi Markov in 1978. He had a radio show that intensely annoyed them.
    Did the KGB try to whack the Pope with a Bulgarian hitman? Yep. The East Germans were notified of this pre-whack try to cover themselves; this was found in their files.
    It is within a pattern of consistent behavior for Putin and his KGB/NKVD/FSB buddies to whack this guy. People on this list are supposed to be rational. Pattern recognizers. If a Unix system kept popping the same output at the same time of day each day, you'd say, "Cron is doing something". If the KGB keeps killing people, you'd say, "Gee, that KGB keeps killing people."
    But amazingly, given the evidence, people keep saying, "Why, no, that KGB has changed from its institutional roots, from the sociopath Laventina Beria under Stalin to now, and is now peaceful, cuddly, and furry."
    Crap. They're killers.
    -- thank you, have a nice day.
    David Small