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Why Does Skype Read the BIOS?

pfp writes "Myria at pagetable.com, among others, noticed that Skype reads the machine's BIOS code on startup. This probably would've gone unnoticed if the operation didn't fail on 64-bit windows. From the post: 'It's dumping your system BIOS, which usually includes your motherboard's serial number, and pipes it to the Skype application. I have no idea what they're using it for, or whether they send anything to their servers, but I bet whatever they're doing is no good given their track record... If they hadn't been ignorant of Win64's lack of NTVDM, nobody would've noticed this happening.'"

31 of 327 comments (clear)

  1. Processor info? by Ledsock · · Score: 5, Interesting

    This is a random guess, but it could be part of skype determining the make and model of your CPU. They had made a deal with Intel a while back to only allow large conferences on their processors, and the BIOS reading could be part of that or anticipation of other deals to come.

    --
    What is mankind really? Well, it's just two words put together Mank, and ind.
    1. Re:Processor info? by repvik · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Reading your BIOS to determine CPU ain't gonna be useful. I doubt any BIOSes store info on which CPU is on the board. Especially since there's easy ways to identify the CPU. I bet windows has a syscall that gives you CPU information.

    2. Re:Processor info? by slashdot.org · · Score: 5, Informative

      Reading your BIOS to determine CPU ain't gonna be useful. I doubt any BIOSes store info on which CPU is on the board.

      As a former BIOS coder, I'll second that. Even if the BIOS did store some system specific info in Flash (on Embedded BIOSs sometimes this is done because CMOS is not reliable), there is NO way that Skype would know the format/place/meaning of this. It would be specific to a certain build of a specific BIOS for a specific board by a specific vendor.

      In any case, the method described to dump the BIOS is not very likely to get anything close to the complete, original BIOS image to begin with. By dumping memory at F000:0000 through F000:FFFF, a 16 bit DOS program, under Windows, will get the memory resident part of the BIOS. Most BIOSs are far bigger than 64KB and the memory resident part is the decompressed runtime part, which is nothing like what the actual BIOS image looks like at boot time.

      They are most likely using this in combination with other more or less 'unique' things to identify a specific machine. It wouldn't surprise me if after this some people would do a more in-depth analysis of their code and find out that it also reads the serial number of the harddrive and gets the MAC address of the Ethernet adapter.

    3. Re:Processor info? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      Fact 1: 0xF0000-0xFFFFF are the SHADOWED copy of BIOS on almost every BIOS. It's write-enable-able.

      Fact 2: That's usually where the SMBIOS pointer is found.

      Fact 3: It's easy (and the only way really) to scan for SMBIOS and find it.

      Fact 4: SMBIOS *does* often contain serial numbers and hardware details.

  2. Theres... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    nothing to see here. move along.

    we are not spying on you. we swear.

    oh btw.. your wife is cheating on you.

  3. Re:bad history? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

    I think he was talking about the company who owns it. They also made kazaa, which was full of spyware and other harmful malware.

  4. To prevent abuse? Usage statistics? by Cocoshimmy · · Score: 5, Interesting

    What better unique identifier than the system bios? Ip addresses are becoming less reliable since many people use wireless internet and mobile phones for skype.

    Skype is probably just looking for abusive users who sign up for their low margin unlimited calling plan only to share it with their relatives and friends accross the world. If they say detect say 5 different machines calling 5 different people all within a span of 10 minutes, then something is likely wrong.

    Of course they could just be collecting system info such as the system manufacturer, processor type, number of processors, sound card, etc. This could be combined with the survey results regarding phone quality they ask you to take after every few calls. In the end it could result in a better product and better service. Of course many other software products already do this (such as firefox, ms windows, ms office) but they are more open about it and at least give you the option of participating.

    1. Re:To prevent abuse? Usage statistics? by QuantumG · · Score: 5, Funny

      Yeah, and those bastards, requiring some sort of unique number to identify people using a telephone! Who ever heard of such trickery!

      --
      How we know is more important than what we know.
  5. Re:bad history? by Ledsock · · Score: 5, Informative

    While it is true that the developers were responsible for Kazaa, currently Skype is owned by eBay. They bought them on Oct. 14, 2005 for around $2.6 billion.

    --
    What is mankind really? Well, it's just two words put together Mank, and ind.
  6. About figures by TopSpin · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Wouldn't it be nice of the Operating System helped you protect it from intrusive applications? No, you don't get to silently spam half baked crap into /etc/rc.d/init.d just because the you actually need sufficient privilege to do some other thing on install. No, my registry is NOT a free-for-all; you get to put just what you need in there and not go on a fishing expedition or 'fix' stuff you're not compatible with. No, the BIOS isn't for you because you're just a VOIP app and have no business whatsoever mucking around with the nonvolatile CMOS I need to boot. No, I don't need a fourth JVM crammed into my PATH, thanks.

    Vendors would be forced to detail the mucking around they do, probably leading to much less mucking around in general. Indifferent users could just do what they always do and bang on the 'accept/yes/ok' widgets. Those of us who know enough to care (or get paid to) would then have an actual chance.

    Too much to ask I guess.

    --
    Lurking at the bottom of the gravity well, getting old
    1. Re:About figures by HaloZero · · Score: 5, Funny

      265mb of RAM, eh? Where'd you get the 9mb stick?

      --
      Informatus Technologicus
  7. Re:bad history? by anethema · · Score: 5, Informative

    Actually, the original Kazaa (which WAS dev'd by the same people as skype) was -not- full of spyware and adware. Kazaa was made an atrocity by Sharman, who still owns it.

    --


    It's easier to fight for one's principles than to live up to them.
  8. Re:bad history? by pboulang · · Score: 5, Funny

    That's even worse!

    --

    This comment is guaranteed*

    *not guaranteed

  9. Re:Hmmm.....what could you do with this? by BitHive · · Score: 5, Funny

    Yeah, I'm shaking in my shoes thinking that eBay might steal my identity and sell my files to the government because their software might theoretically be able to read my bus speed and AGP window size.

  10. Here's a question for you.... by Khyber · · Score: 5, Informative

    I once read somewhere that the only identifying information that you could legally acquire, being installed on someone's computer, was MAC, IP, and Nickname. Anything else (Pentium 3 fiasco, anyone?) constituted a breach of privacy. Dunno if it's true, or not, but personally, I don't want you trying to identify what the hell makes up my system. Perhaps I'm building it SECRETLY for a fucking reason. You don't need to know what CPU or HDD I have installed - the only reason you would want to would be to directly target advertisements at their own users, concerning their own fucking hardwaer. If Skype did that, they'd lose not every bit of faith from me, but I'd go tell my company that I work for, which uses SKYPE on a regular basis. I can guarantee you that IT is so stupid they'd drop Skype and install Asterisk on a whim if I told them too, since I usually end up having to fix their intranet when it goes down.

    --
    Still waiting on Serviscope_minor to wake up to fucking reality and realize that Jessica Price isn't going to fuck him.
    1. Re:Here's a question for you.... by Ash-Fox · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I once read somewhere that the only identifying information that you could legally acquire, being installed on someone's computer, was MAC, IP, and Nickname. Anything else (Pentium 3 fiasco, anyone?) constituted a breach of privacy.
      I doubt it. Besides, one can change their Mac address, IP address and 'Nickname' without replacing hardware.

      You don't need to know what CPU or HDD I have installed - the only reason you would want to would be to directly target advertisements at their own users, concerning their own fucking hardwaer.
      Or maybe... Just maybe... They could make design decisions based on the majority of users.

      What proccessor speed do the majority have? What OS? How much RAM? How much harddrive space?

      It's important to know about who you're making software for.

      If Skype did that, they'd lose not every bit of faith from me
      Did you know Skype is owned by Paypal and eBay now?

      I can guarantee you that IT is so stupid they'd drop Skype and install Asterisk on a whim if I told them too, since I usually end up having to fix their intranet when it goes down.
      Asterisk and what? What SIP providers? What solution exactly? -- Asterisk is not a easy solution to setup compared to Skype. The end user can setup Skype, but Asterisk? I doubt it.
      --
      Change is certain; progress is not obligatory.
    2. Re:Here's a question for you.... by ajs318 · · Score: 5, Funny

      Asterisk is very easy to set up. You just have to be good at setting Asterisk up. The way to get good at setting Asterisk up is to set Asterisk up. For your first assignment, use just two hardware SIP phones. Once you have got them talking to each other, then you can think about adding more phones and things like POTS gateways.

      Within weeks you'll be writing advanced dial plans to do things like ring all the phones in a department or divert calls to your mobile if you haven't picked up in twelve rings, and you'll have DHCP and TFTP set up so each phone on the network can configure itself at switch-on. Then it'll all be working exactly how you want it to, with nothing for you to do except occasionally unplug and replug a misbehaving telephone.

      About a year or eighteen months later, you will want to add a simple new feature. Unfortunately, by this time you will have forgotten altogether how you set everything up in the first place.

      --
      Je fume. Tu fumes. Nous fûmes!
    3. Re:Here's a question for you.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      Joke ---->
          O
         -+-
          |  <- You
         / \

  11. Re:bad history? by Cocoshimmy · · Score: 5, Informative

    They could be referring to the time where Skype would only allow 10-way conference calling on dual-core Intel processors. Those running AMD processors could only have 5-way conference calls. At the time they cited the "technical superiority" of Intel processors over AMD ones.

    Of course thie gave bad publicity to both Intel and Skype after AMD issued a subpoena against Skype and the fact that it was discovered that the software simply checked the processor ID and enabled the feature based on that. A patched version was also released which bypassed this artificial limitation.

  12. Go to the source by ZX3+Junglist · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Has anyone asked them for their explanation? I feel now would be a good time for them to exercise their right to tell us why they do this.
    Might I suggest mailto:info@skype.net

    I would do so I myself, but I assume there's a paying Skype user here who would garner a bit more attention than I would.

  13. Re:What about Macs ? by descil · · Score: 5, Informative

    Skype won't run if you have softice installed on windows. Pretty funny - I guess they don't want you to look.

    Ollydbg still works though.

  14. Done by adpsimpson · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Dear Sir/Madam,

    As a Skype customer (adpsimpson) and software developer who has used skype-out from across the world to stay in touch with folk at home, I read with some interest on http://slashdot.org/ this morning that Skype appears to read the system bios on start up.

    While I am aware that there are legitimate reasons that some software may do this, I cannot immediately think what a VOIP application would require the data for.

    Using closed source software is always a second-best from my point of view, especially in terms of privacy and transparency of the software's function - this in fact is what led me to Skype, since it runs on Linux. As such I am slightly concerned about unexpected application behaviour.

    What does Skype do with this information? Is it transmitted across the network in any form? Is it identifiable?

    I look forward to your response,

    Yours,
    Andrew Simpson

    --
    Is crushing a suspect's child's testicles illegal?
    John Yoo: "No, [if] the President thinks he needs to do that."
    1. Re:Done by Fhqwhgadss · · Score: 5, Funny

      Dear Mr. Simpson,

      Thank you for inquiring about Skype service. Please let me be you informed about our respect for the privacy of you. Skype wants only good things for the customers of Skype and only uses information for good things, not bad things.

      Sincerely,
      Apu Nahasapeemapetilon
      Skype. Take a deep breath.

      P.S.
      Now that you have a deep breath taken, you should really see a doctor about that rash and ask your daughter about where she's *really* going this weekend (hint: it's not the Tijihuana Bible Camp). And whatever you do, don't ever come home early on a Wednesday unless you want a nasty surprise. That's the day the missus "gets the carpet cleaned."

      --
      How does a 7-person democracy cut a pie? Into 4 pieces.
  15. Re:What about Macs ? by mrogers · · Score: 5, Informative
    Skype contains encrypted code, self-modifying code, timing loops to detect whether it's running inside a debugger, and any number of other tricks to prevent reverse engineering. Which hasn't stopped people trying:

    http://www.recon.cx/en/f/vskype-part1.pdf
    http://www.recon.cx/en/f/vskype-part2.pdf

  16. Re:What about Macs ? by Slashcrap · · Score: 5, Funny

    Can someone tell me how can I check if its doing the same on my Macbook?

    There's really no need. Macs are secure by default even when running Windows.

    In the unlikely event that a rogue piece of software does manage to send out some of your personal info, an electronic version of Steve Jobs will shoot down the wire after it and destroy the packets before they reach their destination. Probably using one of those frisbees out of Tron.

  17. Tracing by ignorent · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Perhaps the federal government requires them to make all phone calls traceable?

  18. NSA conspiracy by sideswipe76 · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I am gonna repeat my grand conspiracy theory: It is my belief that eBay's purchase of Skype was somehow coaxed by the NSA/CIA and here is why: Ebay's purchase of Skype never made sense. Ebay could have included skypeout:// links in their auctions without spending a penny. That would be like saying slashdot can't use IM unless they buy AOL. Skype spent way above considered market value for Skype and their share holders have applied no real pressure to have it turn a profit. This makes the transaction suspicious. The reason of course if because prior to the eBay's purchase Skype was owned in Luxembourg and definitely not an ideal partner for eavesdropping on "terra'rists" (given those crazy European privacy laws). Given that the calls are encrypted, and that Skype does maintain the keys to decrypt those session, getting Skype under US subpeona power is a powerful tool for eavesdropping. Infact, because it is VoIP for most if not all of the calls, it can easily route traffic into the US were it can be picked up, decoded and monitored. Or, since it is known that open IP's become super nodes, Skype can naturally be coaxed into steering packets toward a super-node that can easily be monitored. I use to work for the company that wrote Carnivore. People got worked up over that? It was only the prototype.

  19. Re:Hmmm.....what could you do with this? by zero1101 · · Score: 5, Funny

    Yeah, I'm shaking in my shoes thinking that eBay might steal my identity and sell my files to the government because their software might theoretically be able to read my bus speed and AGP window size.

    A++++++ A PLEASURE TO BE SPIED ON! WOULD HAVE PERSONAL INFORMATION STOLEN AGAIN!

  20. Re:Goddammit ! It is FREE so what do you care ? by aesova · · Score: 5, Insightful

    That's a reasonable perspective, but if you are, as you say, "paying with information," wouldn't you prefer that your decision to do so be an informed one? After all, Skype doesn't appear to be particularly straightforward with this information, and therefore your payment is taken without your knowledge, which could be considered by some to be fraudulent.

    --
    If bullshit were music, you'd be a brass band.
  21. Dammit! by spun · · Score: 5, Funny

    I KNEW that bitch was using an aimbot!

    --
    - None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license. -- John Milton
  22. Re:Don't like it one bit. by Gr8Apes · · Score: 5, Insightful

    the original hardcoded MAC address is always visible to the OS somehow. Just changing the setting does not lose that information. I was under the impression that there was no such thing as a hard-coded number. Why do I say this? Because one fine day many years ago I received a shipment of 100 ethernet cards all with identical MACs. That was one fun day as those cards rolled out into the network...

    Processor serial numbers are about as innocuous as a privacy concern as if you used your grocery store loyalty card. To say that someone is going to target you because you have a certain loyalty to the grocery store is ludicrous. I don't share your ambivalence, yet agree with your point. They might haul you into jail, however, for buying large amounts of plastic forks, rubbing alcohol, and a couple of other items though.

    Uniquely identifying systems is ESSENTIAL to the current internet and DRM problems. Wrong. It's completely irrelevant and impossible to uniquely identify a system on the internet. It is ESSENTIAL to have unique connections. Identity is essential for law enforcement types, not the internet. For instance, do I care that I connect to machine 1 or 1,000,000 of those answering for google.com? DRM in this scenario is irrelevant, and any argument in support of that is already terminally flawed. (DRM's problems are that DRM exists at all)

    Just think, if a processor serial number had become a standard, they may not have decided so fast that they needed TPM and per-machine iTunes authorizing so hackneyed, and so on. Of course you can be uniquely identified on the internet. How much crazy hashing crap like this would it have made totally unecessary? TPM exists purely to serve DRM. See above. QED.

    --
    The cesspool just got a check and balance.