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On Diamond-Based Quantum Computing

Roland Piquepaille writes "Quantum computing is usually associated with extremely low temperatures. Physicists at Harvard University have shown that diamonds can be used to create stable quantum computing building blocks at room temperature. A nitrogen vacancy in diamond could lead to quantum registers able to store or retrieve data. '"The problem is, what makes single nuclear spin so stable - its weak interaction with its surroundings - also prevents us from directly manipulating it," Lukin says. "How do you control something that can't interact with anything?" You do it gingerly and indirectly, the Harvard physicists report in Science. They found that nuclear spins associated with single atoms of carbon-13 - which make up some 1.1 percent of natural diamond - can be manipulated via a nearby single electron whose own spin can be controlled with optical and microwave radiation.'"

77 comments

  1. radiation? by ookabooka · · Score: 3, Funny

    optical radiation? so. . like cyclops rays or something?

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  2. New Advertising Campaign by Wicko · · Score: 4, Funny

    Nothing says I love you like a diamond quantum computer.

    1. Re:New Advertising Campaign by Serengeti · · Score: 2, Funny

      Diamonds are a CPU's best friend?

      Sounds like something from Futurama.

    2. Re:New Advertising Campaign by j00r0m4nc3r · · Score: 4, Funny

      1. Build computer out of diamonds.
      2. ???
      3. Girlfriend!

    3. Re:New Advertising Campaign by maxwell+demon · · Score: 1

      Well, maybe in future the value of diamonds is not measured in carat, but in "QUOPS" (Quantum Operations Per Second).

      --
      The Tao of math: The numbers you can count are not the real numbers.
    4. Re:New Advertising Campaign by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm afraid #1 would require using every "X. Profit!" scheme ever concieved.

  3. the problem with diamonds by Original+Replica · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Maybe this will help address the problem of diamonds, namely De Beers. The diamond industry is one of completely false scarcity and the result of a monopoly on a natural resource. The effect is not only rediculous prices for shiny rocks, but lots of blood shed. As all diamonds on the market serve to feed this beast, every diamond is a "conflict diamond".

    --
    We are all just people.
    1. Re:the problem with diamonds by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      no this will not influence the crap with DeBeers. They have an emotional brand. They took a rock of little interest gem wise and made it into something based on a monopoly and pandering. Diamond good for cpus will have no greater impact on diamond gem prices than synthetic ruby or sapphire has had on prices of those gems. Now business that are into the gem quality diamond business, making better diamonds than the earth does, they might. But seeing as the CPU's will likely be made via chemical vapor deposition, or physical vapor deposition (probably on a Tungston sulfide coated substrate), or whatever, there's not much overlap in the technology.

      You want to kill DeBeers, better education. A diamond from a press isn't any more special than a diamond dug up by an oppressed 3rd worlder. If anything, the ability to customize them makes them more special. But try convincing people raised on a diet of dug up diamonds feel and radiate love.

    2. Re:the problem with diamonds by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What is the value of a few lives, compared with your love for her?

    3. Re:the problem with diamonds by mOdQuArK! · · Score: 1

      Actually, if they start making diamond crystals for semiconductors on the same scale that they had to learn how to make silicon crystals, then you'll see far-beyond-gem-quality diamonds that make the Hope Diamond look like the crumb off a bagel. At that point, DeBiers had better be looking for another kind of stone to throw their marketing weight behind.

    4. Re:the problem with diamonds by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      diamond will never be made like. Which is actually a good thing. If it scales up in a manner similar to silicon for semiconductors, or insulators, it'll be made more in sheets.

      One way to so it is to take a waffer of Si, put Tunsten Trioxide on it, then convert that to tungston sulfide with H2S gas. The nice thing about tungsten sulfide is it's crystal structure which is like graphite, and it is a close match for diamond to be deposited into it in that there's little strain in the lattice of the diamond laid down on top. Which alters the electrical properties, and sometimes other obnoxious things. So now that you've accomplished the trick of laying down the diamond in a manner that's useful for semiconductors, you've got the trick of the tungston sulfides structure to exploit. It's like graphite, and it's laid down in convenient sheets where you've correctly chosen for it to be in planes parallel to the diamond substrate. So slide it off :). The advantage of this is, you don't have to go the trouble of cutting properly sized perfect waffers out of notoriously hard diamond. It's made to fit. You don't have to deal with the heat capacity of a molten material, supply the pressure. Instead you supply a carefully controlled lack of atmospheric pressure. Wasting less energy.

      now gem quality stones, whatever, large diamond gems are valuable, and have some but comparitively limited industrial uses, will they maintain their value when their readily available as man made? Who knows, when people buy from DeBeers they're not actually buying a hard rock, their buying the symbolism DeBeers has been feeding people. If DeBeers is successful convincing idiots that rocks clawed from the earth by what amounts to brutalized slaves, not so much. Comparitively giant diamonds in the future will not have to be rare to the extent they are now, whether everyone will want the man made ones when everyone can have them is a whole other question. Given what I know of people, I suspect the people who will want them will only want the 'real' ones. I would expect cubic zirconia will be replaced by man made diamond, and a black market in forged diamonds will develop. Which will make me laugh.

    5. Re:the problem with diamonds by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "One way to so it is to take a waffer"
      Fuck off, I'm full.

    6. Re:the problem with diamonds by maxume · · Score: 1

      It's worth pointing anybody that will read something, long as it is, to this:

      http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/198202/diamond

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
    7. Re:the problem with diamonds by nutshell42 · · Score: 1
      They took a rock of little interest gem wise and made it into something based on a monopoly and pandering.

      Yeah, noone was interested in diamonds before De Beers. I mean they used them as landfill and for other unimportant stuff.

      I don't like De Beers either but please don't use hyperbole to ruin a perfectly valid argument.

      --
      Don't think of it as a flame---it's more like an argument that does 3d6 fire damage
    8. Re:the problem with diamonds by XLR8DST8 · · Score: 1

      actually the more diamonds on the market decrease value. hence the 'false scarcity'. more diamonds means less scarcity which means more supply to overpower demand.

    9. Re:the problem with diamonds by XLR8DST8 · · Score: 1

      actually synthetic diamonds contain no flaws. de beers painted themselves into a corner with that one, when in the 80s the russian mines found tons of diamonds. de beers shit themselves. the russian diamonds were small. de beers had to change their strategy. size had to no longer matter, so they came up with the idea that bigger wasn't better, but it was then about quality and flawlessness. funny, now that synthetic diamonds contain no flaws, de beers is trying to say they those are inferior to 'real' diamonds, as 'real' diamonds 'have flaws'.

    10. Re:the problem with diamonds by Belacgod · · Score: 1

      It's really awesome that you managed to spell "Tungsten" three different ways in the first two lines of your comment. It's OK, I'm not detail-oriented either, and the rest of your post is informative.

  4. What the article does not cover by DaveWick79 · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Is just how much diamond it takes to achieve this. Are they working with microparticles of diamond shavings, or with larger pieces. If they are using some kind of diamond dust, how do you arrange this to get any kind of usable array for storage?

    1. Re:What the article does not cover by Bender0x7D1 · · Score: 2, Informative

      Well, if they are dealing on the quantum level, we are talking about single atoms which don't take up a lot of space, even on a speck of dust.

      In addition, quantum computing isn't concerned with a large number of bits - although more is still better. I'm not sure if the info is still accurate, but the record number of qubits so far is 7, so even a few hundred qubits would be a huge breakthrough. I guess the question is: How many qubits can spin on the head of a pin (or a speck of diamond dust)?

      --
      Reading code is like reading the dictionary - you have to read half of it before you can go back and understand it.
    2. Re:What the article does not cover by Loconut1389 · · Score: 1

      wouldn't a single atom of diamond just be carbon (or something)? I'd imagine this is at least at the crystaline level?

    3. Re:What the article does not cover by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      we are talking about single atoms which don't take up a lot of space,

      "Diamond" is not an element. You can't have a single atom of it.

    4. Re:What the article does not cover by Bender0x7D1 · · Score: 1

      If you are dealing with a single atom, carbon or otherwise, you wouldn't need much substrate to hold and isolate the single atom you are interested in. So it might be at the crystaline level, but it might involve only a few atoms in the crystal.

      --
      Reading code is like reading the dictionary - you have to read half of it before you can go back and understand it.
    5. Re:What the article does not cover by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Diamond films are tricky to make cheaply on a large scale like Silicon. They are far far far from impossible. Honestly, given around a few grand for a molecular turbopump, and some access to machine tools you could do it in your garage, out of patience and spare parts.

    6. Re:What the article does not cover by RespekMyAthorati · · Score: 1

      I guess the question is: How many qubits can spin on the head of a pin ?

      Or, how many queues can a qubit bit if a qubit could queue bits?
  5. the Moore's Law is eventually invalidated by hackingbear · · Score: 3, Funny

    When computers are built with this technology, their prices will no longer tumble every 18 months! In fact, they will eventually become precious collectibles.

  6. Worst. Idea. Ever. by theTrueMikeBrown · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Haven't you ever played final fantasy? Crystal based computers would be far to powerful, we could never win in a fight against them. If they went haywire, no amount of Will Smiths or Neos could save us.

    1. Re:Worst. Idea. Ever. by naapo · · Score: 1

      News flash: Your current computer you just used is "crystal based". In fact, silicon and diamond have the exact same cubical diamond lattice crystal structure.

  7. "For The Love Of God" by ElephanTS · · Score: 1
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    spoonerize "magic trackpad"
    1. Re:"For The Love Of God" by ElephanTS · · Score: 1
      --
      spoonerize "magic trackpad"
  8. I'm confused by Kangburra · · Score: 1

    what makes single nuclear spin so stable


    What nuclear? Missile?
    --
    Common sense is not so common
    1. Re: I'm confused by Dolda2000 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I'm afraid you'll have to turn in your geek card. The word "spin" as used in that sentence isn't a verb, but a noun. It refers to a quantum mechanical property.

  9. Re:HARDEST METAL KNOWN TO MAN by ElephanTS · · Score: 2, Insightful

    er? pass the bong d00d...

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    spoonerize "magic trackpad"
  10. quantum troubles by Ep0xi · · Score: 0

    quantum phisicists, read my lips... F___ OFF :=]

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    ?
  11. Re:Slashdot users should be covered in horse semen by jollyreaper · · Score: 2, Informative

    Slashdot users should be covered in horse semen!

    Horse semen! Nice try at starting a new meme but Slashdotters prefer hot grits, preferably on Natalie Portman.
    --
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  12. Synthetic diamonds by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Luckily there are synthetic diamonds. These diamonds are perfect. Unless natural diamonds which are flawed.

  13. Diamond lattice by lazy+genes · · Score: 0

    A few years ago I replied to an artical about qubits on slashdot.I said they need to be put in a hexagonal pattern .They still have a long way to go.They will soon discover that the electron will move freely in only eight directions in that lattice.I saw this in a dream .

    1. Re:Diamond lattice by Doddman · · Score: 1

      yeah I dropped acid once and saw dancing before me the solution to the unified field theorem but when i went to grab my pen it turned into a grasshopper and skitted away :-(

      --
      If creativity is the field, copyright is the fence.
  14. Staaarrrrgate! by sonamchauhan · · Score: 1

    Aha, so the stargate series were onto something!

  15. Sci-Fi Authors? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I mean, who the hell calls light "optical radiation"? Yeah, it's EM, but come on...

  16. Efficiency? by Doc+Ruby · · Score: 1

    How efficient is the transduction of electromagnetic energy into a diamond convertible into the electron spins that can "charge" nuclear spins? How efficient is the discharge? And how much energy can be stored in these spins, multiplied by 1.1% of the C atoms in a synthetic 1mm^2 diamond?

    --

    --
    make install -not war

    1. Re:Efficiency? by fredrated · · Score: 1

      I don't know about the energy, but my back of the envelope, using Avogadro's number, density of diamond etc. gives me 1.66 x 10^18 carbon13 atoms in a 1mm^3 diamond, and if 1% can be used, thats 16,600,000,000,000,000 quantum bits, not bad.

  17. While it's great news... by Evil+Cretin · · Score: 2, Interesting

    that quantum computer hardware has been making strides recently, I have to think:
    Are we going to be thwarted by the difficult of developing software for quantum computers?

    I'm no expert on quantum computing, but I can imagine there's a huge amount to think about when programming even trivial applications for it - not so long ago we had an article on parallel programming being too hard - this is just with normal computers where everything is clearly defined in ones and zeroes. I certainly can't imagine dealing with qubits to be any simpler... after all, if quantum computing relies on simultaneity, isn't this a vast extension of the parallel programming problem?

    --
    "A deadlock has been reached. One task must die. We must now choose between murder and suicide."
    1. Re:While it's great news... by Doddman · · Score: 1

      weellllll... it'll be a bitch at first because they'll essentially have to learn to walk all over again, but then someone will write an assembly equivalent for it, then not long after that there will be c and then python applications for quantum processors

      --
      If creativity is the field, copyright is the fence.
    2. Re:While it's great news... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Quantum programming isn't all too difficult. Learn about quantum computing through this guy's webpage. http://tph.tuwien.ac.at/~oemer/qcl.html/

      The Quantum Computing in QCL PDF has some really great information for those interested in learning the basics.

  18. Re:roland stinks by zippthorne · · Score: 1

    Based on the evidence, I'd say it's not doing that great of a job.

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    Can you be Even More Awesome?!
  19. Comment removed by account_deleted · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Comment removed based on user account deletion

  20. Re:HARDEST METAL KNOWN TO MAN by servognome · · Score: 1

    you can use my diamond bong... i've been smoking some 400 miles per hour from it.

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    D6 63 0D 70 89 81 BB 8E 7B 7C 5F 5D 54 EA AB 73
  21. Awesome by Khyber · · Score: 1

    As soon as we can dope them to make transistors out of them, perhaps we'll see these in the consumer pc/electronics market. I wonder how much more efficient as far as energy loss these could be?

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    Still waiting on Serviscope_minor to wake up to fucking reality and realize that Jessica Price isn't going to fuck him.
  22. Re:Cost... by cp.tar · · Score: 2, Informative

    Actually, artificially-made diamonds are rather cheap.

    What is more, if the price of 'real' diamonds weren't artificially (sic!) kept high, they too would be cheap as dirt.

    My guess, though, is that only man-made diamonds would be suitable for that, just like rubies for lasers - they're cleaner.

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    Ignore this signature. By order.
  23. Re:Why bother with SlashPiqueAds??? by cp.tar · · Score: 1

    Excuse me, but where's the problem?

    I thought this! was! Slashdooooot! where no-one ever reads the articles anyway.

    No scripts would be needed if you just behaved like any other Slashdotter.

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    Ignore this signature. By order.
  24. Re:HARDEST METAL KNOWN TO MAN by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Quantum /b/tard?

  25. Re:HARDEST METAL KNOWN TO MAN by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Stupid and unfunny!

  26. Artificial Diamonds by tholomyes · · Score: 1

    As Wired has been reporting for years, synthetic diamonds are becoming more and more readily available, and they are not less perfect or more expensive than their dug-up counterparts. Frankly, after watching Blood Diamond, if the truth of things is at all close to that-- my penchant for quantum computing projects aside-- I'm glad to see more reasons for cheap mass diamonds.

    --
    When did the future switch from being a promise to a threat? -C. Palahniuk
  27. The Diamond Age by Mr.+Protocol · · Score: 1

    Neal Stephenson's The Diamond Age, anyone?

  28. How to sell your research by Eukariote · · Score: 5, Interesting

    This story is a classic example of selling your research by pretending it may have a practical application. Do something with a quantum system, and sell it by saying it has a potential quantum computing application. Do something on a nanoscopic scale, and call it nanotechnology. Do something with a semiconductor, and say it is for future chips.

    What these researchers have done is pretty standard fare: the nitrogen vacancy defect in diamond is photo-active center that can and has been studied extensively by optical excitation. The unpaired electron spins of these centres can be manipulated via microwaves. With a low concentration and tight focus, you can study individual centers. Some of these will have and adjacent carbon-13 instead of the more abundant carbon-12 neighbor. Its magnetic moment can be observed through its interaction with the electron spin. Cute, but nothing what so fucking ever to do with any kind of practical application.

    Science has become colonized by hypesters, marketeers, and slick talking band wagon jumpers. All in pursuit of that next bit of funding and fame.

    1. Re:How to sell your research by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      As a current chemist, I say "well said!".
      One prof I used to work under said "No one will care about your research if you dont convince them they need it."

    2. Re:How to sell your research by diqrtvpe · · Score: 2, Insightful

      While I agree in principle with what you're saying, the fact is that if you don't sell your research to have some type of real-world application, you very likely won't get funded at all. I just finished an undergraduate physics degree, and the research I did there was done purely for the sake of finding out about new materials, how they structure themselves, and how they behave. However, we couldn't write down "science for the sake of science" on the grant proposal, because otherwise we would've been sol. The unfortunate truth is that most sources of funding, at least in my experience, are only interested in things that could have potential foreseeable use (disregarding possible useful advances due to "pure research").

  29. Re:Editors will mod this down, but.... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Is there a GreaseMonkey script to get rid of people bitching and complaining about Roland? I mean, what's your problem with him? He linked to a article at the Harvard Gazette, the only link to his blog is his own homepage link, like anyone else submitting a story.

    Did he steal your girlfriend or something?

  30. Ob. Terry Pratchett by hcdejong · · Score: 1

    Him diamond!

  31. Re:Slashdot users should be covered in horse semen by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Which is worse?
     
      Sex with a mare
      Sloppy seconds
      All of the above?

  32. Re:Cost... by billcopc · · Score: 1

    Blah blah diamonds.. blah blah dirt-cheap ... blah blah profiteering gluttons... blah blah electron and the switch.

    So uh, when do we get guns to go hunt down those DeBeers goons so I can have my Quantum-core Pentium ? Oh and how do you overclock those things anyway ?

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    -Billco, Fnarg.com
  33. sub-nanometer dimensions by maxwell+demon · · Score: 1

    From the article:
    "atomic nuclei, fundamental building blocks of matter with sub-nanometer dimensions"
    This is like calling a fly an animal of sub-kilometer dimensions.

    --
    The Tao of math: The numbers you can count are not the real numbers.
  34. Does synthetic diamond work? by mark-t · · Score: 1

    The article doesn't say. But if so, this could be cool.

  35. Seems to know what he's talking about. Question... by mollog · · Score: 1

    Wow, I'm impressed. Maybe what your relating is common knowledge, but you go my respect.

    I've got a question for you. The Bohr model of an atom shows neutrons and protons as 'atomic' sub-particles. How accurate is that? When atoms form a crystal, is the position of the nucleus fixed or is it suspended, able to change its position? For example, I can imagine that carbon, with a valence of 6 (has 6 protons) and a 'weight' of 12 (usually) would have an asymmetrical shape to its nucleus. This would cause a variation to the electrical field that surrounds it. This would, in turn, influence the shape of the lattice. Could you have a nucleus that's 'upside down' in relation to the other nuclei?

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    Best regards.
  36. Re:Seems to know what he's talking about. Question by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The crystal only cares about the electron configuration, which is influcened by the contents of the nucleus. The nucleous itself is constantly vibrating, maybe even roiling in larger atoms, this is more the domain of pure physics than material science. Larger atoms support more varied electron configurations, like f orbitals for Uranium, and well tungsten. But this is always due to the make up of the nucleous, as opposed to the vibrations, unless that internal energy leads to a fission or alpha release. The higher orbitals can occasionally lead to interesting properties like uraniums self-sharpening that makes it useful for penetrating tank armor. The nucleus, which itself is composed of sub atomic particles, is miniscule in comparision to the atom as a whole. If an atom is a sports stadium, the whole nucleus is a ball in the middle of it. The ball in the middle of the stadium is just too far away to influence the neighborhood outside barring drastic changes to the ball (which of course change what the stadium looks like).

    To the next poster, my spelling and typing is horrible. I know. I was going to write things like WO3 et al, but who knows what the chemical symbol for tungston is?