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FCC To End Exclusive Cable For Apartments

spiffyman writes "The New York Times is reporting that on Wednesday the FCC will end exclusive contracts to provide cable service to apartment buildings. Commission Chairman Kevin J. Martin is quoted as saying that cable prices have risen 'about 93 percent in the last 10 years' and that the FCC hopes to see more competition out of this move. This is a step in the right direction. In my apartment, for example, I have (dead) outlets for one cable company but am forced to go with the higher-priced firm. Moves like this will help those who live in areas where competition — even minimal competition — exists. The article also discusses the impact this may have on low- to middle-income families, who disproportionately live in apartment complexes."

39 of 269 comments (clear)

  1. Could be something good by ackthpt · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Across the road is the company I've wanted. They have excellent packages at good prices, but the one for my block has poorer packages and a poor reputation for service. I'm hoping this means both can compete, along with AT&T, for my block of flats, which should give me better options and service. Though I still smell a fish. There's been competition between cable and satellite for years, but prices are still rather steep.

    Cable is such a swindle I haven't give it much thought. The FCC screws up often enough, it's about time they did something right.

    ISR TV watches you, &c. &c. &c.

    --

    A feeling of having made the same mistake before: Deja Foobar
    1. Re:Could be something good by JackieBrown · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I may finally be able to leave TimeWarner.

      That alone makes this good.

    2. Re:Could be something good by DuckWizard · · Score: 3, Interesting

      What do you dislike about Time Warner? Granted, it's not exactly cheap (no cable is!)... but I do like how all non-premium channels are sent in unencrypted QAM (meaning cablecards need not apply). At least, that's the way it is in my area - and it plays really well with my HTPC. It really bums me out that I'm moving soon, and will probably have to get Cox, and will then be limited to OTA HD.

    3. Re:Could be something good by HTH+NE1 · · Score: 4, Interesting
      I can't speak for JackieBrown, but for me, the Mystro software on their cable boxes is incompatible with TiVo Suggestions (cable box will tune the wrong channel or crash if channel changes are done in sync with the schedule) which they seem to have no interest in fixing (despite us being an unannounced and unwilling beta test city), and lately even the CableCARDs are giving me problems with my TiVo Series3 HD (losing signal and not reacquiring on card slot 1 without reboot or ejecting and re-inserting the card, resulting it missed recordings), though this may be a TiVo problem.

      Though my home is very close to their office, service appointments have been at the end of their window, the last one more than an hour after the window closed. Apparently I'm being scheduled to be at the end of the return to the office. The periods always seem to overlap my recording periods at the end as well, so disruption is maximized.

      I do like how all non-premium channels are sent in unencrypted QAM (meaning cablecards need not apply). At least, that's the way it is in my area Not true in all areas. Here only the broadcast channels are unencrypted, and it was like pulling teeth to get my first Firewire-enabled HD cable box.

      The only competition here is with satellite, with Dish being hawked by the landline phone company and DirecTV wanting to sign you up for 5 rooms or more.
      --
      Oh, say does that Star-Spangled Banner entwine / The myrtle of Venus with Bacchus's vine?
    4. Re:Could be something good by TheDormouse · · Score: 2, Interesting

      In my area, Cox sends all the broadcast network channels in unencrypted QAM (if it's available OTA, it's available unencrypted QAM). Does Time Warner send HD versions of "expanded basic" cable channels (e.g. Discovery HD) as unencrypted QAM too??

    5. Re:Could be something good by vtcodger · · Score: 2, Insightful
      ***I've never heard of having real cable company choices at a single address, however.***

      As I recall, when cable started out four decades ago, the companies insisted on sole franchises on the grounds that competing cable deployments would increase costs for both suppliers since they would be serving fewer customers per mile of backbone. A few cities held out and eventually licensed multiple, competing systems.

      Suprise, Suprise. The handful of places with competition ended up with lower rather than higher rates. Funny thing about that. Given the constant sale, agglomeration, resale and rebranding of American telecommunication companies, I'm not sure how many places still have actual competition. Not many I suspect. But there could be some.

      --
      You can't see ANYTHING from a car, You've got to get out of the goddamned contraption and walk...Edward Abbey
  2. Comment removed by account_deleted · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Comment removed based on user account deletion

  3. Inflammatory phrasing by purplelocust · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Um, not like I want to defend cable companies and their pricing, but "93% in 10 years" is to my mind an inflammatory way of saying "an average of 6.7% per year over the last 10 years." Given that overall the consumer price index has averaged about a 3% increase per year over that period, cable prices are bad, but not as bad as the quote makes it sound. Then again, entire industries (credit cards, for example) owe their existence due to people's inability to compute compounded interest, so perhaps the wording should be no surprise.

    1. Re:Inflammatory phrasing by antifoidulus · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Hell, compare it to energy, education, healthcare, food, and in some cases housing and it seems like a downright bargain(or it could be the Fed is incredibly out of touch when it comes up with those low inflation numbers)

    2. Re:Inflammatory phrasing by ivan256 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      "an average of 6.7% per year over the last 10 years." Given that overall the consumer price index has averaged about a 3% increase per year over that period, cable prices are bad, but not as bad as the quote makes it sound.


      That's another way of saying cable rate increases have been 100% higher than for other goods and services in the economy.

      They didn't make it sound bad enough. Especially since the cost of telecommunications services has actually gone down over that period.
    3. Re:Inflammatory phrasing by aeoo · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Hell, compare it to energy, education, healthcare, food, and in some cases housing and it seems like a downright bargain(or it could be the Fed is incredibly out of touch when it comes up with those low inflation numbers)

      Just don't compare it to salaries, or the illusion of "bargain" will vanish very quickly.
    4. Re:Inflammatory phrasing by ChangeOnInstall · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Um, not like I want to defend cable companies and their pricing, but "93% in 10 years" is to my mind an inflammatory way of saying "an average of 6.7% per year over the last 10 years." Given that overall the consumer price index has averaged about a 3% increase per year over that period, cable prices are bad, but not as bad as the quote makes it sound. Then again, entire industries (credit cards, for example) owe their existence due to people's inability to compute compounded interest, so perhaps the wording should be no surprise. Of course, cable TV expenses are factored into that: http://www.bls.gov/cex/csx801p.pdf and are helping it out. Most of my "technology" related expenses have gone DOWN or stayed the same in the past ten years. In my experience, Internet access and cell phones have stayed the same, while computers, televisions, electronics, and land lines, have all gone down (even though they have improved). Cable keeps going up. It's so bad that everyone seems to offer "for a year" or "for 3 months" deals, sometimes disguised as a cell-phone-contract-like "commitment" when in fact its a teaser rate. Additionally rate structures are ridiculously biased to upsell the customer...for example, the analog "2-73" package that used to be universally $30 is now $55 after taxes with Comcast (Beaverton, Oregon). The higher end packages haven't gone up as much, but they're trying damn hard to make the consumer ask himself "why not get the top-of-the-line package, it's hardly any more expensive?"

      I personally got sick enough of it to build a high-def MythTV at a cost of about $700 + $20/year for TV listings. The cost will be negated with 8 months of my previous cable TV bill, and the DVR is a far better item than the horribly unstable HD DVR the cable co gave me. The only downside is that I have to wait for cable-only TV shows to come out on DVD.
      --
      What has *science* done?!? -- Dr. Weird (ATHF)
  4. This is Great News by sexconker · · Score: 5, Insightful

    But there are a few problems:

    1: Areas where these limitations are in effect typically have low competition anyway, due to the stranglehold the dominant company has in the area.

    2: Getting landlords and property managers to figure out how to work out the details between different cable/satellite/phone companies will be a comedy of errors at best.

    3: Landlords/property managers will come up with (or be told by the existing contracted company) bull such as "You're not allowed to do that because they have to run more wires through the wall" or "You can't do that because you'd have to mount an ugly satellite dish on the exterior of the building" (even if not true).

    It's a step in the right direction, though I think they should simply ban the bundling of these services to your rental agreement entirely. Having a choice is one thing, but getting the money back (because you're opting out of the bundled service) is another. How will you know that the $50 you get back on rent every month is accurate?

  5. yeah and by d3l33t · · Score: 2, Insightful

    the next logical step would be the Internet providers...

  6. Re:How does it help? by Rude+Turnip · · Score: 3, Informative

    Since 1996, apartment dwellers have had the right to have a dish installed in an unobtrusive manner. The law trumps all lease agreements and landlord's rules. In my old apartment, it seemed like every other apartment had one installed, either on a pole in the back of a 1st floor unit or on the balcony of a 2nd floor unit.

  7. To Little To Late by PetriBORG · · Score: 3, Interesting

    This is a joke. I live in MD near Washington DC and live in an apt complex (I can feel the weird stockers already!). This will do nothing to help the problem. In the handful of places that have more then one cable option fab for them, but almost everywhere in the US the county signs an exclusive deal with the cable people... Not the apt owners.

    Until the FCC does something to make it faster for cable peoples to get into an area and makes it so the county can't sign an exclusive deal... Well lets just say I won't be holding my breath.

    --
    Pete/Petri "damn, my chainsaw is clogged with 1's and 0's again." --clyde
    1. Re:To Little To Late by SEE · · Score: 2, Informative

      Municipality-granted local cable monopolies in the U.S. have been illegal for over a decade.

      Now, you still have lots of ways corrupt officials in municipalities can effectively keep a monopoly in place, through the local franchising authority. But unless your county officials belong in a federal prison for corruption, the reason you don't have cable competition is that no competitors are interested in laying cable.

  8. Oh great... by TheGeneration · · Score: 4, Funny

    Just what the world needs, cheaper access to TV ads.

    --


    The Generation
    I'd say something witty here, but I'm not that bright.
  9. To bad there's still only one choice by Jthon · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Ending these exclusive contracts is a good idea and I'm glad the FTC is doing this. The only problem is I don't see this really having an impact on Cable prices. The problem is a vast majority of people still won't have a choice since cable companies already divide up local areas.

    For example the apartment I live in doesn't have an exclusive contract but the ONLY company I can get cable with is Comcast. Same thing is true at my Parent's house and they live 2000 miles away in another state. We won't see cable prices decrease until we start to see multiple cable companies competing for business in the same city. The large cable operators would rather just divide up the country into local monopolies than actually compete on price.

    My parents service is another good example of how these companies work. Their cable company Time Warner decided to trade their city for another city with Comcast. Out went their former internet service and in came Comcast with the exact same package only $20 more, with P2P throttling. Their city doesn't have an exclusive franchise agreement with any cable company, and any company would be welcome to come in and establish a second franchise. No one wants to bother since they can all make more being little local monopolies sucking their customers dry.

    1. Re:To bad there's still only one choice by RobBebop · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Comcast and Time Warner might be patting each other on the back so that they don't step on each other's toes, but Verizon will fuck up the cable companies friendly agreement and provide cheaper cable through their fiber pipes. I've got no idea if *this* specifically is what the story intends to make happen... but never underestimate the ability for competition to regulate and improve the state of the art of content delivery.

      Surely, if Verizon doesn't do it, then Google will. They are all competing for the same market, at this point.

      --
      Support the 30 Hour Work Week!!!
  10. Blink! by fm6 · · Score: 3, Informative

    I have (dead) outlets for one cable company but am forced to go with the higher-priced firm. Moves like this will help those who live in areas where competition -- even minimal competition -- exists. The article also discusses the impact this may have on low- to middle-income families, who disproportionately live in apartment complexes."
    So thanks to the FCC, you can stop paying cable bills that are totally obscene and start paying that are just extremely lewd. Progress!

    The problem with cable/satellite is not the lack of competition by service providers (though I'm not thrilled by that). The big problem is the lack of competition by content providers.

    Back in the 80s, anybody with an uplink could start a cable channel. They still can, but they have no hope of finding any local cable companies to carry them. All their bandwidth is used up by big media companies who have gamed the system so that cable companies have to carry all kinds of crap, and pay premium prices for it. Until that changes, you'll be shelling out.

    Or you could just do without. I mean, it's only TV.
  11. Re:Low-to-middle-income families watching cable... by colourmyeyes · · Score: 5, Interesting

    What are low-income families doing with cable anyway? I don't mean to sound like Scrooge, but it pisses me off when an elementary school kid shows up at school without a coat in the dead of winter because his parents "can't afford one," but they sure can afford to pay the cable bill every month. /rant

    --
    My grandmother used anecdotal evidence all the time, and she lived to be 120 years old.
  12. Similar stuff happens with ISPs... by Al+Dimond · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I sure got jerked around by the ISP that had an exclusive deal at my apartment in college. The first year the deal was with a company that couldn't keep the connection up reliably and had very little bandwidth. Then that company went out of business and they went with the local cable company that most people in town were reasonably happy with (Insight Broadband in Champaign). But since they had an exclusive deal on the building they put the screws to us: charged us $20/month per person (I had two roommates, so combined we paid twice as much as we would have normally) and, even worse, put us behind NAT. Yes, that's right, the whole fucking building behind one IP address. I wrote a letter to them (the gist of it being, "If you don't give me an IP address it's not Internet service, it's web'n'email service, which is not what I signed up for"). They didn't even respond.

    I blame myself for the first year... I really should have read more closely and figured out whether the company was any good. The second year I really got blindsided, though... the landlord thought the price was $20/mo. for the three of us and didn't find out otherwise until after we'd signed the lease and made our first payment towards Internet service... the NAT thing I didn't know until I booted my computer and saw the dhclient spew scroll by. Ten-dot... hey!

  13. Re:Low-to-middle-income families watching cable... by bladesjester · · Score: 2, Informative

    What are low-income families doing with cable anyway?

    Some apartments come with cable in much the same way that some include certain utilities.

    --
    Everything I need to know I learned by killing smart people and eating their brains.
  14. Re:Low-to-middle-income families watching cable... by spiffyman · · Score: 2, Interesting

    As has already been mentioned, a basic cable connection is often included in apartment prices. When these contracts are done away with, perhaps renters will be able to insist on not getting the connection and can go find a cheaper option themselves. Or, barring that, the apartment complex will be able to offer cheaper packages. Not that they will, but...

    Beside all that, there is the simple fact that cable connections are often the only forms of high-speed Internet access available to many families. And it's plain that Internet access is a necessity, or at least a massive benefit, to the children of these families. Sometimes the library just isn't a viable option. So I, for one, wholeheartedly approve of the FCC's action and hope it leads to lower prices for families who need the cable companies' services.

    --
    So you can laugh all you want to...
  15. Right of life, liberty, and cable by Mr.+Underbridge · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The article also discusses the impact this may have on low- to middle-income families, who disproportionately live in apartment complexes."

    Now I hate cable monopolies as much as the next guy (have Comcast because I practically live in a forest that prevents view of satellites). But come on - you don't *need* cable. If people are paying the cable bill over, say, rent, groceries, or health insurance, there's a clear imbalance of priorities here.

    1. Re:Right of life, liberty, and cable by RobBebop · · Score: 3, Interesting

      you don't *need* cable. If people are paying the cable bill over, say, rent, groceries, or health insurance, there's a clear imbalance of priorities here.

      What's the status of Over-the-Air Broadcast TV? Is that still available? I have cable but I am moving soon and I don't want to sign up for cable but would be happy to get the basic 5 or 6 channels that are supposed to be free. Do the rabbit ears still do the trick? Will I need to upgrade to a "digital broadcast" receiver when the government cuts off the broadcast of TV (which I think is scheduled for 2008)?

      --
      Support the 30 Hour Work Week!!!
    2. Re:Right of life, liberty, and cable by notamisfit · · Score: 3, Insightful

      If the poor are so important to you, pay for their upkeep out of your own pocket, and stop trying to reach into mine.

      --
      Jesus is coming -- look busy!
    3. Re:Right of life, liberty, and cable by Mr.+Underbridge · · Score: 4, Informative

      What's the status of Over-the-Air Broadcast TV? Is that still available?

      Yes. Analog up to 2012 and digital thereafter.

      Do the rabbit ears still do the trick?

      Depends how close you live to the stations, but I'm sure it still works as well as it ever did. If it's a long-term situation a permanent antenna is always an option too.

      Will I need to upgrade to a "digital broadcast" receiver when the government cuts off the broadcast of TV (which I think is scheduled for 2008)?

      I think that was originally scheduled for 2009 but the broadcasters don't have their acts together, so that was recently pushed back to 2012 if I recall. By then high-def TVs with internal tuners will probably be nearly ubiquitous. Eventually they are supposed to switch, but they keep pushing it back, so I wouldn't bet on them switching by 2012.

  16. Re:Satellite by vought · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Except if you live here.

    We moved in thinking "Hey...what a deal. Cat5 in the walls...great!"

    Until we found we couldn't get Cable internet...from anyone. We were forced into the pre-bundled ATT Home Entertainment (and let me tell you, their billing group provided HOURS of entertainment with double-billing, etc.)

    The max DSL speed at the property? 256k. And that was on the blink 2-3x a month.

    You could get any DirecTV package you wanted...as long as you didn't want to use a DVR or get any of the sports packages.

    The phone service...well, it was analog phone, and they couldn't even get that to work well. And a phone line was required in order to use the alarm system and DirecTV pay-per-view.

    This ruling DOESN'T affect properties like One Pearl Place - so get it in writing ahead of time. While we paid $100/mo. for our craptastic bundle, the people across the street - fifty feet away - were getting Comcast (and all that entails...like 6Mb peak speeds) along with more and better channels that worked with their DVRs for $70.00 a month.

    Nice step forward. Now take the other step - make ANY exclusive Internet/TV/Phone deals illegal.

  17. Re:Low-to-middle-income families watching cable... by the+unbeliever · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I think you missed the point completely.

    Internet != basic need. Kids who are hungry, or cold in the winter without appropriate clothing, but who's parents pay for high speed internets rather than a coat are the issue. Not poor people having internet.

  18. Cable TV is... by Organic+Brain+Damage · · Score: 2, Insightful

    ...a vast 500 channel waste-land. The best choice with Cable TV is to cancel it altogether.

  19. Great News. by artifact-alone · · Score: 3, Informative

    I work for an ISP (Webpass) that does this exclusively-- we bring a T3-speed (or higher) connection into an apartment or condo building and share it with the residents. We come across all kinds of nonsense with [insert national cable company conglomerate here]. They take up entire backboards in telecom closets. They take our equipment off the wall and leave it dangling. They lock up everyone's termination lines in a box to keep out competition. They pull in-use (and marked) pairs off of phone boards to bring in their crappy phone service. I could rant on and on.

    All in all, they suck. We've come across a lot of building managers who actually refuse to let them into a building, due to some dispute. Sometimes they charge up to $30,000 to come into a building, and then demand an exclusive contract. It would be good to see some more healthy competition to keep these bastards from monopolizing.

  20. Re:Impact on lower-income families? by westlake · · Score: 2
    Why anyone with low income would waste it on cable (not to mention the time wasted watching it) is beyond me>

    Elderly and disabled.

    "Don't get out much anywhere."

    But any adult over thirty is going to find the pickings mighty slim at Blockbuster or the suburban multiplex. You don't feel that your time has been wasted when you come across a series like Deadwood or The Sopranos.

    Sports fans.

    Tickets are priced out of reach. Transportation is priced out of reach. The Hispanic may want to see some soccer action. The Canadian, hockey.

  21. Re:A step in the wrong direction by Technician · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The FCC should look to end exclusive cable contracts for cities.

    This is leftover from the early cable days. In the early days, this was required to get any provider to cover the expense of building a market. The risk was way too high of stringing an infrastructure expecting at least 50% market penetration and having a competitor aim at the same market and also requiring over 50% to break even on buildout, so they underpriced to gain market share, but now need 80% market penetration to break even. This left the first in the market bankrupt and unable to recover costs and pay the loan as they now have 10% of the market.

    These exclusive contracts should have an expiration date. Some don't. Those that don't are very hard to get the company to release. Independant homeowners with the option of satelite is the wedge that is breaking up some of these exclusive markets. They have shouted contract violation by permitting residents to use satelite, but the satelite industry has fought back and won.
    http://www.csmonitor.com/2006/1023/p04s01-ussc.html

    The cable industry is fighting back and convincing cities they are losing tax revenue, so please tax the competition to even back up the playing field. And the fight continues.
    http://www.stopsatellitetax.com/

    --
    The truth shall set you free!
  22. Re:what moron pays $115 a month for cable? by slash.duncan · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Yes, you wanted to (well, as much as anyone "wants" to pay anything, for anything, anyway). After all, they didn't call up your work and hold your check hostage unless you paid them $115/mo, nor were they withholding your food, water, air, or even your shelter, if you quit paying. The service was self-evidently worth at least that $115/mo. to you or you wouldn't have been paying it, TV or no TV.

    After all, TVs aren't like food, water and shelter, or even like phone service or a car with gas, insurance and maintenance. It's arguable people need those, tho plenty of folks do get by without the latter set anyway. I've yet to see anyone demonstrate they /need/ TV, so it was and is a luxury... a luxury you were willing to spend at least $115/mo. on.

    Note that I haven't had TV in years, so it's certainly doable. Computers took up the time I used to spend watching TV. I "didn't want" to pay the $1100+ I just paid for the pair of dual-core Opteron 290 upgrades I have coming in this morning, either, but it turns out I wanted them more than the money, and more than other stuff I would have otherwise purchased with that money, after all! =8^) It would appear you likewise wanted the service more than that $115/mo, or anything else you could have done with that money, too, so yes, you wanted it, were willing to pay for it, and thru negligence if nothing else, put yourself in a situation where you WOULD be paying for it! All they did is see a mark more than willing to pay that price, and take advantage of that fact.

    Duncan

    --
    Duncan
    "Every nonfree program has a lord, a master,
    and if you use the program, he is your master."
    R Stallman
  23. Re:Low-to-middle-income families watching cable... by westlake · · Score: 2

    I don't mean to sound like Scrooge, but it pisses me off when an elementary school kid shows up at school without a coat in the dead of winter because his parents "can't afford one," but they sure can afford to pay the cable bill every month. /rant

    Show me the kid and show me the cable bill. Then and only then will I mod you up to +4. Ronald Reagan was the past master of the welfare anecdote. What became real to him didn't need any better proof.

  24. A small step but not nearly enough by kingsack · · Score: 2, Interesting

    What really needs to happen is that exclusive agrements of any kind for utility providers need to be disallowed. Among others: 1) Electricity 2) Natural Gas 3) Phone Service 4) Cable Television 5) Internet Access Basicly there need to be universal infrastructure installation requirements which would then allow any provider willing to build such an infrastructure to do so without a need for negotiating with every city, town, county and state in the area for permission to do so. Groups of such utilities could also band together to shere the installation costs. Only a full scale measure such as this would allow true and fair competition. The current trend of allwoing unregulated monopolies is completely in the disinterest of the consumer.

  25. Re:Low-to-middle-income families watching cable... by nullspace · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Growing up as one of those low-income kids with cable, I agree that many families had different priorities than more affluent families. I always thought that this was one contributing factor that continued the cycle of poverty. However, I would not be too harsh on those families and paint everyone with the same brush.

    Since many low-income families typically work more to support the family (especially in a single parent household), cable is seen as a necessity to babysit children while the parent(s) are at work. As mentioned previously, cable has entertainment value that is seen as necessary for an already stressed life.

    Also, even in elementary school, kids are group-oriented and clothing choices are just one way to exclude others from a group. Perhaps the coatless child had a winter coat that was dirty and full of holes. Despite the cold weather, some kids would rather be cold than be laughed at. Also, the child may have removed the coat after he left his house. In the winter I had to wear an ugly used woolen cap on my head at the insistence of my grandma. But as soon as I was out of sight, I removed it because I didn't want to be laughed at. Social pressure and fear of embarrassment can be very powerful to young children.

    Unfortunately, many families are unaware of the numerous organizations that will provide free clothing for children upon request. Another factor is that some low-income parents did not start off poor. Loss of job, high medical expenses, etc. can cause families to become poor. Some people are too proud to admit they need help. They don't realize that this pride impacts the welfare of their children, but people are not always rational and are sometimes blind to issues right in front of their face.

    So don't be quick to judge disadvantaged families. A more helpful approach would be to have the schools work with local charity organizations to anonymously provide coats to children for free as needed. I'm sure there are other ways to be helpful without being condescending. Sometimes pride is the only thing a person has.

    Sorry for my rant but I've encountered too many people (even friends) of the opinion that the poor (whether on or off welfare) were lazy, stupid and lacked drive. While this may be true for some, most families were decent hard-working individuals caught up in a bad situation and just trying to make ends meet. I always took the opportunity to inform others that the situation was not always so simple. Instead of criticizing those in need and learning to understand the motives behind people's actions, the needs of others can be tended to more effectively.