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The Economic Development of the Moon

MarkWhittington writes "Andrew Smith, the author of Moondust: In Search of the Men Who Fell to Earth, recently published a polemic in the British newspaper The Guardian, entitled Plundering the Moon, that argued against the economic development of the Moon. Apparently the idea of mining Helium 3, an isotope found on the Moon but not on the Earth (at least in nature) disturbs Mr. Smith from an environmentalist standpoint. An examination of the issue makes one wonder why."

32 of 408 comments (clear)

  1. Wonder and amazement by SIGALRM · · Score: 5, Insightful
    From TFA[1]:

    The prospect of either Helium 3 fueled fusion or space based solar power or a combination of both replacing fossil fuels should excite people who express concern for the Earth's environment
    It's a big, dead rock in space, boys. I doubt that the ridiculous cost of space travel will ever fall enough to make it worthwhile, but in case that happens, the lunar environmentalists will be there to file EPA complaints against anyone trying to make the moon economically productive.

    If you looked at the sky through a telescope and saw a tiny robot mining plant there, mining the moon for energy resources, would you be filled with a sense of wonder and pride about the ingenuity and courage of your fellow man, or with forbidding and dread that the moon was being raped?
    --
    Sigs cause cancer.
    1. Re:Wonder and amazement by Rycross · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Everything is non-renewable given a long enough time frame. Entropy is a bitch.

    2. Re:Wonder and amazement by jtroutman · · Score: 4, Insightful

      If you looked at the sky through a telescope and saw a tiny robot mining plant there, mining the moon for energy resources, would you be filled with a sense of wonder and pride about the ingenuity and courage of your fellow man, or with forbidding and dread that the moon was being raped?

      If I looked at the sky through a telescope and saw a tiny robot mining plant there, mining the moon for energy resources, I'd be filled with a sense of wonder at how far telescope technology had come. Even the most powerful scopes we have here on Earth can't pick out the man-made stuff already on the moon.

      --
      I stole this sig from a more creative user.
    3. Re:Wonder and amazement by Kremmy · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I've wondered about that. We've got telescopes giving us images of things far beyond on our solar system, so why not high resolution imagery of the moon? It would be trivial to solve the debate on whether we actually went to the moon or not if we could look in a telescope and see what we left there. Surely the Hubble occasionally pointed at the moon, are there any images from that? I'd really like to know.

    4. Re:Wonder and amazement by sdnick · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Apparently the idea of mining Helium 3, an isotope found on the Moon but not on the Earth (at least in nature) disturbs Mr. Smith from an environmentalist standpoint.

      There is no legitimate environmentalist standpoint worth discussing about the Moon. There is no life on the Moon. There is no environment for environmentalists to worry about. If they're worried about the faint possibility that human mining will somehow create some crater on the moon visible from the Earth, they can just pretend an asteroid made it, same as the millions of other craters littering the moon's surface. Or just perform the mining on the horribly scarred side of the Moon facing away from the Earth and dare anyone to claim that man's activities make it look worse.

    5. Re:Wonder and amazement by Kjella · · Score: 3, Insightful

      There's a huge difference between sources of energy where the future energy potential is affected by our current usage and not. A windmill on a windy day might not be renewed by wind the next day, but the point is that whether we captured that energy or not makes no difference on future winds. That big honking ball of fire called the Sun is like a big campfire - you can warm yourself on it, stay far away from it, put up a solar panel next to it, but in every case the entropy is increased all the same and you're no worse off by taking advantage of it. Compare that to any fossil fuels, fission or fusion then consuming one unit today is one unit less you can use later. The quicker you capture a renewable source the more energy you can harvest from it, the quicker you consume a non-renewable source the faster you'll run out. Something we're learning in oil economics 101 so right about now...

      --
      Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
    6. Re:Wonder and amazement by Smauler · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I personally believe that _anything_ that helps us get off this planet is basically a good thing. I don't just believe this because of the eggs in one basket argument, though that is an important reason for humanity to not just live on Earth. The main argument in my eyes is that the faster we get into space, the faster I (or my son/daughter, or their son/daughter, etc) am going to get a spaceship.

      Also, it's a big dead rock in space now. Geologically it's pretty useful. Militarily it's an imperative to control it so that someone else doesn't. It _will_ be of strategic importance in the future.

      Mining the moon for minerals is _not_ raping it. Firstly, you're using the word rape badly (rape requires ability to consent, unless you look to some archaic texts). The moon cannot give consent. It's a rock. It cannot be raped. Secondly, why on earth would mining the moon be considered bad in the first place? I mean, as you said, it's just a big old rock.

    7. Re:Wonder and amazement by jollyreaper · · Score: 3, Insightful

      In other words, in an expanding universe there will always be useful energy sources, by the virtue of it expanding. Until the cosmologists change their theories, I believe what you are saying here was two flaws. First, an endlessly expanding universe means that the clumps of matter will get further and further apart, making the formation of stellar nurseries and new stars from the old material less likely. Second, there's only so much hydrogen in the universe, the same goes for the other elements that undergo fusion in stars. Once those elements have all been used up, there won't be anything left but stellar husks. Likewise, there would only be so much radioactive material left for use in reactors by whatever still lives. If we suppose that some super-science could allow them to split regular atoms for energy, maybe reverse the charges of the subatomic particles and create antimatter, there's still only so much matter left to annihilate. At the end, all will be nothing.
      --
      Kwisatz Haderach
      Sell the spice to CHOAM
      This Mahdi took Shaddam's Throne
    8. Re:Wonder and amazement by Ucklak · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Some people like a city view, some people like a mountain view, some people like an ocean view.
      This is no different.

      The city view in Honolulu is offensive to those that choose to stay on Molokai or Kauai.
      Some who live in the plains might like the city view in the mountains that Honolulu has to offer.

      --
      if you steal from one source, that is plagiarism, if you steal from many, well, that's just research.
    9. Re:Wonder and amazement by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Insightful

      Serious mining can move serious amounts of material in a short time, and if the moon became Earth's primary source of material for power, I suspect we'd make a measurable impact within decades.


      And Innumeracy rears its ugly head again.

      Sometimes I wonder exactly how many issues are blown totally out of proportion based on the hard wired inability of people to understand scale.

      Or to put it another way: "Space is big. You just won't believe how vastly, hugely, mind- bogglingly big it is. I mean, you may think it's a long way down the road to the chemist's, but that's just peanuts to space."

      In a similar way: The moon is big. Really big. You just don't understand how vastly hugely mind-boggingly big it is. I mean, you may think that an appartment building, or a mining operation, or a mountain are big, but their just peanuts compared to the moon.

      Seriously though, based on this, the total per-capita material moved by the USA in 1991 was 20 tons per person. This includes logging, agriculture, mining, and fossil fuels.

      If the USA had been doing this for 2000 years, the total mass moved would have been approximately 10 trillion tons = 1E13 tons.

      The total mass of the moon is 1E19 tons. That`s 1 million times larger. So, the net impact would have been to move .0001% of the mass of the moon. After 2000 years. Assuming we moved mass equivalent to the mass moved by all fossil fuel extraction, mining, logging and agriculture performed by the USA.

      I really don't mean to pick on your post in particular, but I see this kind of statement a LOT...from a lot of really smart people, on numerous different topics. Just a complete miscalculatin of the numeric scales involved. I really really really wish innumeracy were treated the same by our education system as illiteracy. It`s becoming as important that people understand the numbers & statistics involved in modern society as it is that they understand the terms & concepts. Possibly even more important....

  2. The moon doesn't have an "environment" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    As I think of it. I think most people think of clean air and water and an ecosystem as an environment. Not a bunch of dead dust in a vacuum.

    It seems that many in the "environmental" movement just want nothing to change from its "natural" state, even where there is no nature.

    1. Re:The moon doesn't have an "environment" by cheebie · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Mass of the Moon: 7.3477×10^22 Kg according to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon.

      Number of humans currently on earth, massively rounded up: 10^10.

      That means that every person on earth would need to use up
      seven TRILLION Kg of material to exhaust the moon. Every single
      person on earth could grab ten tons of moon-material and have no
      appreciable effect on the Moon's mass or it's effect on the tides.

    2. Re:The moon doesn't have an "environment" by 2short · · Score: 2, Insightful

      "Basically this guy is one of the large majority of environmentalists..."

      And you're one of the large majority of poor reasoners who pick some lone nutcase and assume he speaks for most of whoever he claims to speak for.

      Though I am definitely an environmentalist, I'll only claim to speak for myself when I say: If helps make the Earth any nicer for humans, Fuck the Moon. Strip mine it and pave what's left it in radioactive waste.

      As a practical matter, getting to space takes so many resources that I don't see it ever being a win to acquire resources from off-planet. The earth is all we've got, and all I think we'll ever get, even in the magic sci-fi future; which is why I'm an environmentalist.

  3. I would say his arguments are specious... by Nova+Express · · Score: 5, Insightful
    ...except he didn't make any. His rhetoric boils down to "Environmentalism is good. Looking at the Earth from the Moon helped kickstart environmentalism. Therefore we shouldn't mine the moon." It's a non-sequitur on the order of the Chewbacca Defense. He expects that yelling "Environmentalism!" will cause enough knees to jerk to sway opinion without actually making any arguments. (The sad thing is he may be right, given as how many people treat environmentalism as the new religion. )

    Are we to avoid mining the moon because it will harm the native lifeforms? Oh yeah, there aren't any.

    Do we need to invent the word "rock-hugger"?

    --
    Lawrence Person (lawrencepersonh@gmailh.com (remove all "h"s to mail)

    http://www.lawrenceperson.com/

    1. Re:I would say his arguments are specious... by A+beautiful+mind · · Score: 1, Insightful

      I agree with what you've said, just not the site you've linked. Crichton is not a scientist and spreads FUD about climate change, just from the opposite blindsided viewpoint.

      --
      It takes a man to suffer ignorance and smile
      Be yourself no matter what they say
  4. Re:The Grand Canyon is pretty low on observable li by cheebie · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Where in the world did you get the idea that there is little
    visible life in the Grand Canyon?

    http://digital-desert.com/grand-canyon/wildlife.html

    The moon is a great big dead rock. Moving the pieces of that
    rock around won't affect anything in the slightest. Sure, we'll
    probably preserve the Apollo sites, and maybe a few particularly
    picturesque spots, but the rest of it is a future mining site.

  5. Mr Moonbeam by Doc+Ruby · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Earth's sister has played a role in teaching us to value our environment: how extraordinary to think that the next giant leap for the environmental movement might be a campaign to stop state-sponsored mining companies chomping her up in glorious privacy, a quarter of a million miles from our ravaged home.

    He doesn't even give a reason why the environmental movement might want to stop mining the Moon. Maybe he thinks environmentalism is about "pretty Nature, don't hurt her", rather than survival and legacy, but he doesn't even say so.

    The only argument his protest makes about mining the Moon is in favor: mining the He-3 would reduce the need to damage the Earth producing energy here.

    There might be an argument for science preserving the layout of the Lunar surface for study (eg, the record of impact angles and composition which accumulate billions of years of astrophysical history), but there are technical solutions to that problem, and he doesn't even mention them (except some handwaving about lacking "science" in our goals).

    That is the kind of taking "environmentalism's" name in vain that gives legitimate environmentalism a bad name.
    --

    --
    make install -not war

  6. Flawed Philosophy by Toonol · · Score: 5, Insightful

    This is a very harmful idea. A certain amount of environmentalism makes sense; disrupting ecosystems can have harmful repercussions, as can running out of non-renewable resources, etc.

    But this idea of preserving the lunar environment seems to me to be based on the idea that objects are better left untouched by humanity. That things should be left untouched, even when it is detrimental to humanity, and no worse than neutral to our ecosystem. This is the type of nonsense that, in the extreme, calls for humanity to let itself go extinct, so as to stop our plundering of the Earth.

    Nothing in nature is a value, without something living that gives it that worth.

  7. Simple solution by rossdee · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Lets mine the far side of the moon, where it won't be seen by those on earth.

  8. Ummmm. o-kay. by Penguinisto · · Score: 4, Insightful
    This guy proves once and for all that for some elements (not ALL, damnit - just some), it isn't about preserving an ecosystem or conserving species, but about absolute and unrelenting self-hatred for the human species.

    Seriously - if it was an argument about contributing to space junk (which can be a hazard to life and limb), or an argument about leaving nascent life (like, say, on Europa or Titan) alone to develop, play... I can grok those arguments.

    But the ones presented? ...it's the friggin' Moon! There ain't jack shit for life or biomass there! The only non-commercial value it currently has offhand are the Apollo landing sites (for historical value), and that's it!

    IMHO, tear that bastard up if it generates commerce, gives us extra space to live, acts as an astronomical platform, and more importantly, if it takes humankind that much closer to becoming a space-faring race. It's not like we'll reduce its mass enough to really worry about instability (at least not within the next billion years or so), and it's (IMHO) free and open for the taking - belonging (nor should it ever belong) to no earth-bound nation.

    /P

    --
    Quo usque tandem abutere, Nimbus, patientia nostra?
  9. What environment? by SKorvus · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I am an very environmentally-conscious person: walking, biking or transit, no car. Vegan. Local, preferably organic produce. Buy used goods where-ever possible, make do or repair rather than buying. I give that as background, so that it's clear I'm not a typical consumer that thinks my personal desires outweigh impact to the environment.

    That that said, I must ask: what environment? The moon is a lifeless, barren hunk of rock. All that has ever occurred in its history, is being pummeled by countless meteors to create a scarred and pulverized surface. There is no environment to protect, only dust and rocks. And as pristine and spartan beauty that may be, there's simply no one to admire it.

    Right now, the universe appears devoid of life, except on our tiny blue rock, and it's always in danger of being snuffed out by one stray asteroid. Getting humanity up into space is the best thing we can do, for us, and for the Earth. Where we go, we will bring life with us. We will create new environments on any planets we settle. We are the seed by which Earth's life can spread throughout the galaxy.

    Seeing lights glittering back at us from human settlements during a new moon shouldn't be viewed as a desecration of something worth saving, but the growth of new life where there was none before.

    --
    Live simply, that others may simply live. -Gandhi
  10. You Can't Skip Steps by BlackGriffen · · Score: 4, Insightful

    In order to get to the point that we could make an entire solar system a boondoggle, we'll have to get out of ours first. That means tapping energy and resources available in the solar system, whether the process is pretty or not.

    It's all getting destroyed by the sun in a few billion years, anyway.

  11. And If We Don't... by Nom+du+Keyboard · · Score: 2, Insightful
    And if we don't plunder the Moon, what happens? It sits up there in pristine condition for what -- forever?

    Just look at all the beautiful He3. Isn't it beautiful? Aren't you glad your daddy stopped them from plundering the Moon of all of it so that we can almost enjoy this unspoiled view of it through the completely polluted atmosphere of Earth because we never got that clean energy source from up there?

    Yeah, right! There are some real clowns in the world, and the guy against this qualifies as two of them when weighted in the average of clown foolishness.

    --
    "It's the height of ridiculousness to say for those 9 lines you get hundreds of millions."
  12. Control of distribution by Studio+A · · Score: 2, Insightful

    We already have a source of clean limitless power: solar. But anyone can generate it! On the other hand, the distribution of energy harvested from the moon would be a tightly controlled affair. Very lucrative.

  13. Forget environmentalism-what about Int'l Relations by langelgjm · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I don't think environmentalism is the important issue here. I'm more interested in what impact the economic development of the moon will have on international relations.

    Whose moon is it? Of course we have treaties, but when a company starts mining up there, you can bet the profits aren't going to be distributed very widely. Besides the ethical implications of this, how are other states going to react to an American or Chinese company mining a resource that used to be considered off-limits and belonging to all, until it was convenient for that to no longer be the case? Is this just a case of first come, first serve capitalism? There are more things at stake here than just environmentalism.

    --
    "Anyone who [rips a CD] is probably engaging in copyright infringement." - David O. Carson
  14. Re:running the numbers by Megane · · Score: 3, Insightful

    You could even pack the isotope into large artillery shells and fire them towards Earth.

    Which still doesn't solve the main problem. We don't have Helium 3 fusion yet. And we aren't likely to for years. We'll probably have flying cars and Duke Nukem Forever first.

    We haven't even gotten the easiest fusion reactions working yet to the point where they will generate a net gain of electricity.

    --
    #naabhaprzrag, #sverubfr-000, #agi-fcbafberq, negvpyr[pynff*=' negvpyr-ary-'] { qvfcynl: abar !vzcbegnag; }
  15. Linked article author is troll... by Ardeaem · · Score: 3, Insightful
    From the linked article:

    One can be forgiven for suspecting that the true motives of environmentalists, whether they oppose mining the Moon, drilling for oil in Alaska, or building wind farms off Nantucket, involve less a love for the environment and more a hostility for technology itself. I believe I speak for most environmentalists on Slashdot (having read the comments about this article) and most environmentalists in general (although I can't be sure) that the implication that environmentalists are just crazy Ludites is crazy in itself. Only someone completely cut off from average, everyday environmentalists would say such a thing. The evidence just on Slashdot is overwhelming; no one would say Slashdotters are hostile towards technology, and many (most?) could be described as environmentalists. This just doesn't square with reality.

    Just because one (or a few) environmentalist has a (to us) wacky view, doesn't mean he represents the whole of environmentalists. The only reason you'd imply this is if you had an agenda, and the author of the linked article clearly does.
    1. Re:Linked article author is troll... by bnenning · · Score: 4, Insightful

      the implication that environmentalists are just crazy Ludites is crazy in itself

      Most aren't. But unfortunately the few that are have a lot of influence. Look at the utterly irrational fear of nuclear power they've created, when by any environmental standard it's tremendously better than fossil fuels. For them, the real problem is not environmental damage but our decadent materialist lifestyles, and anything that allows us to continue on that path must be opposed.

      --
      How to solve most of our problems: 1.Lots of nuclear plants. 2.Cure aging.
  16. Re:Falacy by femto · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Yeah, but this isn't just any rock. It's the most significant rock in human history, from ancient times to now.

    Here is a precedent. There is absolutely no question that Uluru deserves protection. It's protected by a World Heritage Order, which puts it in the global crown jewels. What is it? It's a bloody big rock, just like the moon.

  17. Re:Falacy by Jerf · · Score: 4, Insightful

    From a purely selfish human point of view there might also come a day when people want to visit that untouched environment.
    So, on the one hand, we have the Moon.
    • Vast energy and material resources that will allow untold bazillions of years of human lifespan.
    • Vast energy and material resources that will allow the flourishing ecosystems that Man will bring with him, totalling even more untold bazillions of years of life. (If we truly colonize the Moon, only the first generation or two will live in the sterile settlements we all imagine.)
    • Vast energy and material resources which will allow untold bazillions of years of life for new life forms, those adapted to the lunar environments and those partially or entirely created by Man.
    • An insurance policy for intelligent life as we know it (not just Man, you know, not for much longer) against an unfortunate accident on the Earth.
    • A launching base for further exploration and the spreading of yet more life, wonderful, vibrant, diverse life across the universe.
    Against this, you argue
    • Somebody, someday, might want to see the original moon.
    How unbelievably fucking selfish to deny the universe life so that you can see a pretty rock. Get a poster or something already. If you try, you might be able to get one with a unicorn on it too; bonus!

    Environmentalists ought to be leading the charge for space colonization. Forget saving ecosystems that do pretty well without your help... what about the ecosystems that don't even exist yet? Biodiversity? You ain't seen nothing yet. If you love life, don't stand in front of it.
  18. Re:Falacy by ChunderDownunder · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Bad analogy. Who'd ever want to live in Sydney? :)

  19. Re:space tourism and resources by Slugster · · Score: 2, Insightful

    ... And biodiesel can be made from used cooking oil, instead of used oil being a waste biodiesel could be made from it ...
    I do not understand the emphasis that advocates of biodiesel like to place on used cooking oil.

    Years back, I worked at a moderately-sized gas station (16 pumps, and not near any major highways), and it was normal to sell ~10,000 gallons of fuel per day. There was a McDonald's nearby on the same road, and I don't ever remember seeing a tanker truck come by daily to being them new cooking oil.

    How much does a typical fast-food joint use per week, and how much biodiesel could be produced from it? How much of that biodiesel would be wasted in the process of collecting that fuel, processing it, and redistributing it? Or do you expect McDonald's to start making biodiesel on-site and retailing it directly to customers? Fuel dispensing pumps are federally-regulated and a typical example can easily cost ~$10,000 alone--not even including the storage tanks, installation and other related equipment. .....This wouldn't be economically viable for most restaurants to do until the cost of current motor fuels goes several times higher than it is now--and when that happens, most certainly restaurants' business is likely to be severely impacted downwards, by the fact that fewer people will want to drive anywhere.

    The "free biodiesel from cooking oil" line strikes me as kind of like saying "if you had an electric car, you could put solar panels on the roof and get FREE ELECTRICITY!!!".... which is true, technically--but the amount of electricity you can get from the area of a typical car's rooftop is not going to be that significant compared to what the car will end up using, considering the expenses involved with buying the necessary solar cells.

    I would think a better idea for using old cooking oil might be to use it at the point of production--burn it for heat at the restaurant directly. This would utilize the energy in it, and still avoid the problems of the glycerol produced by making biofuel with it, as well as the extraneous transportation/distribution losses.
    ~