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Research Finds Effects of GSM Signals on Sleep

An anonymous reader writes "The effects of mobile phone radiation on sleep were studied in Sweden in a laboratory experiment where subjects were exposed either to 884 MHz GSM radiation or placebo. The study finds that compared to placebo, in the radiation-exposed subjects there was a prolonged latency to reach the first cycle of deep sleep (stage 3). The amount of stage 4 sleep was also decreased. Moreover, participants that otherwise have no self-reported symptoms related to mobile phone use, appear to have more headaches during actual radiofrequency exposure as compared to sham exposure."

21 of 319 comments (clear)

  1. RF placebo? by VincenzoRomano · · Score: 1, Insightful

    subjects were exposed either to 884 MHz GSM radiation or placebo.
    Should this means "exposed to nothing"?
    --
    Maybe Computers will never be as intelligent as Humans.
    For sure they won't ever become so stupid. [VR-1988]
    1. Re:RF placebo? by nguy · · Score: 5, Insightful

      No, it means more than "exposed to nothing"; it means "exposed to nothing, but the subject can't tell".

    2. Re:RF placebo? by FuzzyDaddy · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Actually, "exposed to nothing, but neither the subject nor the test administrator can tell"

      --
      It's not wasting time, I'm educating myself.
  2. Experiment looks doubtful. by Ancient_Hacker · · Score: 4, Insightful
    They exposed the subjects to 1.4W/kg? What the **** does that mean? Do they have any idea how deep GSM band signals penetrate human flesh and bone? Did they take out and weigh the left hemisphere of the subjects? Did they use the body weight instead? Did they offer some subjects a tiger-team-style $100 if they could tell the difference between RF and no RF on? Was this a double-blind experiment? People are really clever at catching on to subtle clues like experimenter's face, little clicks, dimming lights, etc. The literature is replete with poorly designed experiments.

    These are just a few of the questions that pop up in any thorough analysis of this experiment.

    1. Re:Experiment looks doubtful. by kebes · · Score: 5, Insightful

      The full research article (PDF) is only 3 pages long. The experimental description and discussion of results are so terse that they are barely informative. There are not enough details to know whether they handled the experiment properly or not.

      In addition to the problems you mentioned, I'm worried by the fact that they don't describe in detail what they mean by "placebo." For instance, they mention "two separate rooms" in their experimental section, but don't explain why they have two rooms; if one was "real" and the other "placebo" then the variability could easily be ascribed to minor variations in the rooms (lighting, ambient sound, odor, etc.). The RF transmitter is placed immediately beside the person's head (there is a photo in the article), which worries me because they never mention measuring or accounting for audio effects: a high-pitched whine from a running device could easily explain the differences (it wouldn't even have to be consciously audible to influence the subjects).

      Combined with the very large standard-deviations on their results, I'm hesitant to ascribe any significance to this finding just yet. More details, and corroborating independent verification, are definitely necessary before raising any public alarms.

    2. Re:Experiment looks doubtful. by Mr.+Underbridge · · Score: 4, Insightful

      There's also the publishing effect - namely, articles reporting the effect of cell phone radiation upon some biological system X is so popular now that many, many researchers are examining it. If 20 people perform a study, and 1 finds a result that's statistically significant at the 95% confidence interval, the 1 study gets published...even though 1 such study out of 20 would find that result from a random system.

      In the end, as a scientist I'm extremely leery of statistical correlation with no mechanism. What is the specific mechanism by which the specified radiation has the claimed effect? This is especially so with the cell phone/cancer studies, which have the very difficult job of claiming that non-ionizing radiation causes cancer. Because I've seen such bad science, I'm very skeptical of the cell phone studies in general.

    3. Re:Experiment looks doubtful. by nguy · · Score: 5, Insightful

      The experimental description and discussion of results are so terse that they are barely informative. There are not enough details to know whether they handled the experiment properly or not.

      There are almost never enough details in any experimental scientific paper to know whether the experimenters handled the experiment properly or not.

      I'm hesitant to ascribe any significance to this finding just yet

      Of course, this result needs to be reproduced and strengthened; that's often the case with results like this.

      However, your specific objections against this paper are unwarranted: you're basically accusing the researchers of either gross incompetence or scientific fraud, and there is no justification for that.

    4. Re:Experiment looks doubtful. by Ancient_Hacker · · Score: 1, Insightful

      Funny how people worry about 1 watt @ 800 MHz, but have no problem going to the beach where they're exposed to 1,000 watts @ 800,000,000 MHz. At the beach you're exposed to one thousand times the power, with one million times the energy per photon. Yet nobody seems to get a headache at the beach.

    5. Re:Experiment looks doubtful. by poopdeville · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Why is this rated insightful? Lots of people get headaches when exposed to sunlight. And burns. And heatstroke.

      --
      After all, I am strangely colored.
    6. Re:Experiment looks doubtful. by jrieth50 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      You're quite the cynic, which is great and all. But... for example - if it was in fact the ozone generated by high voltage nodes - wouldn't this still be a successful experiment? They didn't indicate causation, merely correlation. Looking deeper to find WHY that might be the case would be for further studies to determine.

  3. i'm safe from this effect by circletimessquare · · Score: 2, Insightful

    i sleep with my head in the microwave oven

    a microwave oven emits less radiation density then the amounts used in this study

    --
    intellectual property law is philosophically incoherent. it is your moral duty to ignore it or sabotage it
    1. Re:i'm safe from this effect by Idarubicin · · Score: 4, Insightful

      a microwave oven emits less radiation density then the amounts used in this study

      Er, I think you lost a decimal place (or three) there, friend.

      Figure a 1000 watt microwave oven with 1 kg (about 2 pounds) of ground beef defrosting. The bulk of the microwaves emitted are absorbed by the food, giving a SAR (specific absorption rate) of 1000 watts per kilogram (W/kg). The average mass of a human head, meanwhile, is about 5 kg; that makes an SAR of 200 W/kg.

      The SAR used in this study was an average of 1.4 W/kg. This low level results in minimal local heating, particularly in a well-perfused part of the body like the brain (lots of blood flowing through equals lots of capacity to draw off excess heat to the rest of the body.) On the other hand, if you were to stick your head in the microwave (after jimmying the safety interlocks) I guarantee that you would find the level of local heating to be...uncomfortable.

      --
      ~Idarubicin
  4. these people need to stop wasting their money by KingSH4M4N · · Score: 2, Insightful

    First of all, this is NOT a double-blind, placebo controlled study. Sure they used a placebo, but if it was double-blind they sure as heck would have mentioned it in the abstract. That means that the results are based more on the opinions of the people carrying out the study, since they would have known weather or not the subjects were receiving treatment or placebo. Second, unless you are equipped with sensitive antanai and receiving curcuitry, your body is quite incabaple of being affected by light with a wavelength bigger than a volkswagen beetle. (devide the speed of light by the frequency to see how large these waves really are) There is a reason radio telescopes are frikin huge. As for a microwave effect... wrong frequency, buddy. no... just.. no. also, It's not as exposing you to radio frequency is actually "adding" anything to your environment. We are being constantly struck by radio waves of every frequency, that is why an untuned radio plays static. The only difference in adding a transmittion is that the waves are made into something recognizable and put closer and brighter, but there are times when natural background radiation is even brighter than your cell phone's (aka bad reception).

    --
    I am not shouting. I am merely speaking in a voice loud enough to be heard.
    1. Re:these people need to stop wasting their money by Fantastic+Lad · · Score: 1, Insightful
      That's great for the 2006 study. This abstract has a date of 2007 and doesn't claim to be double-blind, unfortunately.

      If you don't want to consider that your cell phone might not be harmless, then that's your business, but you're not going to convince anybody else in this manner. Double-blind is a standard procedural practice. Claiming in no uncertain terms that it was definitely NOT used in this experiment when you have no way of knowing, and simply because it wasn't mentioned, is rather silly.


      -FL

  5. Re:RTFA by nguy · · Score: 2, Insightful

    the paper doesn't list any of the things that would have been required for it to be "carefully controlled"

    They say they performed a "double blind controlled laboratory study" (2007 is a continuation of the 2006 work). That excludes all the possibilities you raise.

    The paper is only 3 pages long, and doesn't include enough detail to reproduce the experiment precisely,

    It doesn't have to; the authors have given you what they believe is the relevant detail. You'd need to find out additional details only if you can't reproduce their results with the details they have given you.

  6. Re:RTFA by kebes · · Score: 5, Insightful

    None of those things need to be in the paper; the presumption in scientific papers is that the authors are familiar with the basic tools and methods of their research area. Unless you have a specific cause to doubt that, you have no justification for questioning their results because they did not include those details. As a practicing scientist, I can honestly say that this isn't how it works.

    Obviously there are innumerable details with respect to running any experiment, so not every detail can be included in a scientific paper. In particular, "common practice" in the field can usually be described in short hand by using the proper terms (and referencing previous work as needed).

    However, no scientist will read a paper and glibly assume that the experimenters "did everything properly" without evidence that this is so (where "evidence" is a combination of reputation, details of procedure, showing raw data, and demonstration that one understands pertinent issues). It is expected (nay, required, for high-quality science) to mention precautions taken, alternate explanations for results, shortcomings in methodology, and so forth. Omitting a critical self-analysis and details of one's procedure makes a paper very suspect. It is the job of the publishing author to convince the community that they are right, and so they must present sufficient evidence (and sufficient experimental detail) to make their case adequately. To do otherwise makes for bad science.

    So, in short, while much knowledge can be presumed when writing technical papers, it is never the overriding presumption in science that everyone is doing science properly. We attack each other's work precisely to keep quality high: and if a paper does not provide sufficient detail to back up their claims, the paper is ignored until such time that further credible evidence is brought into the debate.
  7. Re:Silly Question by FredMenace · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I think you have encountered a phenomenon that some people find very mysterious. It is usually referred to, by those who profess to understand its meaning, as a "conversation starter".

  8. Re:RTFA by Dun+Malg · · Score: 3, Insightful

    They say they performed a "double blind controlled laboratory study" (2007 is a continuation of the 2006 work). That excludes all the possibilities you raise. Negative. That's an appeal to authority. It doesn't matter what "they say" they did. Only an enumeration of the steps taken to make the study double blind is enough to exclude anything. If they overlooked something subtle, yet perceptible, then they would still honestly think they were conducting it double-blind, even though the weren't. That is why the results of scientific studies aren't just taken on the studier's word, but based on the published details. Peer review and all that?
    --
    If a job's not worth doing, it's not worth doing right.
  9. Hey! Psuedoscience? by Vegeta99 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Why is this tagged psuedoscience?

    Here's a layman's synopsis:

    1. 36 women and 35 men were selected for a study, and were checked by physicians to make sure that they didn't have any /other/ conditions that would, well, cause them to have trouble sleeping.

    2. They were then classified into two groups. One, that said they could "detect" the effects of RF radiation, and another that said they could not.

    3. The group as a whole was divided into two groups, both to be strapped into the "RF Machine", however, the machine would only be on for the "RF" group, not the placebo group.

    4. The study reveals a statistically significant reduction in the time that it takes for one to reach deep sleep (1/3 of an hour for those exposed, 1/4 hour for those not exposed), and that Stage 4 sleep time is also reduced (37.2 min vs 45.5 mins respectively).

    5. The study also says that /preliminary/ results show that those who SAID they could detect symptoms of RF exposure had increased headaches during exposure than those that did NOT say they could detect the symptoms of RF exposure. However, it does not give a statistical analysis.

    Remember, this is labelled a "provocation study" that is "We're trying to narrow this down, now pick us apart." It even says that in the Discussion!

  10. Re:Already knew this... by Walt+Dismal · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Make the dog bark more. Seriously. Get a powerful ultrasonic whistle (electronic) and either play it loudly 24/7, or joyfully engage it automatically at 3 AM daily, and especially weekends, until the dog problem resolves itself...

  11. Re:RTFA by Dun+Malg · · Score: 2, Insightful

    No, it's not. I'm not saying that the authors are right, I'm saying that they have done what they are required to do for scientific publishing. And we're not talking about whether they met the standards for publishing. We're talking about whether the points the poster four levels up have been adressed.

    That's a very real possibility, but you aren't going to find it by analyzing "an enumeration of the steps taken to make the study double blind", Really? And if the steps consisted of "everyone wore blindfolds" is the entirety of their "double blind" procedure? Granted, that's highly unlikely...

    you are going to find it by reproducing the experiment, and they have given you a sufficient level of detail for that. Again, the discussion isn't about whether they're right, but about whether they controlled for the specific points of the poster four levels up. A flat statement of "double blind" is inadequate. Reproducing their experiment independently doesn't answer the question either.

    Yes, and this paper appears in a peer reviewed publication, which tells you that the reviewers were satisfied with the level of detail in the paper. That's true, but also still an appeal to authority. Without the details that satisfied those peers, we are trusting their judgement. Granted it's PIERS and not the Time Cube Monthly, so their word is probably worth something. Not as much as (say) IEEE, given that PIERS is a series of events put on by the EM Academy and its whopping 1,000 or so members specifically for the purpose of trumpeting research projects, but sure, why not, MIT seems to be willing to lend their name to it. But still, without the same level of detail the reviewers were (hompefully) privy to, your assertion that their claims of "double blind" are valid and infallible because both they said so and PIERS said so is the definition of an appeal to authority.

    Who are you to second-guess them? Some random fucktard on slashdot. Is there any greater authority than that?

    --
    If a job's not worth doing, it's not worth doing right.