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Spam Filtering For Small/Medium Business?
or_is_it writes "The company I work for has been growing dramatically and I've been charged with the task of being the gatekeeper for our GFI Spam filters. This involves manually inspecting the subject line/to/from for all caught messages in each filter rule folder. For a company of about 50 people, in one day the number of spam messages can exceed 2,000. Neglect it for a day and you end up with quite a task on your hands. I've made the rules lax enough so important messages can go through, along with a few stray spams, for which I get bitched at. Tighten the rules up and then maybe an important time-sensitive email never gets to its intended recipient, and I get bitched at. Manually reading through all those subject lines is supposed to prevent that, but I'm only human and genuine messages can easily get overlooked. How do larger organizations deal with the spam issue? I can't imagine having one centralized person manually inspecting everyone's junk-mail header is the optimal solution. Purchasing a different commercial mail filter product is a possibility, but I'd like to hear some anecdotal evidence before jumping ship."
To be honest, for somewhere of that size I'd be tempted to use some sort of client-based filtering (along the lines of spambayes [http://spambayes.sourceforge.net/]) which would put the power and responsibility in the hands of your users.
-- Gaxx
I purchased a Barracuda for my organization of about 120 employees, and it has been fantastic. I fine tuned a few options on the config and it has blocked about 200,000 emails in the almost two months i have deployed it. There are very few false positives, and very few that get through its filters. I actually get calls of gratitude from the end users about how happy they were not receiving any more SPAM messages. The hardest part was informing them the user base on the difference between the mailing lists they were on and SPAM. Barracudas support has been good as well.
I've had excellent results with this particular product. Spamd uses blacklisting, greylisting, and tarpitting. It really is delightfully evil and still makes me smile because it includes a fake smtp daemon which sets the tcp rcv window to 1. This is a kick in the nuts to the spammer. I've used it with resounding success at a client who was recieving 2000 spam emails a day. Prior to implementing spamd, we were using just a Barracuda. When I combined spamd and the Barracuda, spamd caught about 1975 of the spam messages and the barracuda took over from there. No false positives and we've been running for three months. This link details how to set it up, http://www.linux.com/feature/61103.
Meanwhile, here is some general guidance. First, do not waste your money on commercial products -- they're expensive, poorly-maintained, and in many cases (e.g. Barracuda) actually make the spam problem worse via backscatter. (There are now several thousand Barracudas on a communally-maintained blacklist, making it obvious to everyone working in this field that Barracuda is completely incompetent.) Second, do invest your money and time in open-source solutions: it is easy for anyone who possesses baseline competence in mail to craft their own, superior spam handling system using postfix or sendmail or another open-source MTA, DNSBLs, RHSBLs, judicious configuration, and other tools such as rbldnsd, mimedefang, SpamAssassin, ClamAV, and so on. Third, a little googling will reveal near-cookbook procedures for combining these pieces of software together into a useful system; which cookbook procedure is appropriate for you depends on your environment -- which brings me to the fourth point, which is that you need to perform log analysis in order to understand your particular mix of spam/not-spam. Everyone's is different, which is why one-size-fits-all solutions usually fail. Only after you have some clue about the size and shape of your problem will you be able to determine which approach(es) are likely to minimize both false negatives (FN) and false positives (FP).
As an aside, one set of highly effective anti-spam tactics involves enforcing RFC requirements that have been in place for many years: for example, all mail servers must have rDNS; that rDNS must resolve to a host which in turn resolves back to the IP; the domain of the host must exist; the host must HELO as a valid FQDN or bracketed-quad IP; the envelope-sender's domain must exist; the host must not HELO as you; the host must wait for the SMTP greeting before HELO'ing; the host must handle a multi-line SMTP greeting; the MX records for the host must point to valid IP space; and so on. Enforcement of these requirements yields differing rates of spam control (which is again why log analysis is crucial) but has the very valuable property that it can be done at low computational and bandwidth cost. Substantial experience with these suggests that enabling them and augmenting them with a few DNSBLs (especially the Spamhaus Zen zone) is enough to deal with the overwhelming majority of the spam problem at most sites, reducing what's left to a much smaller issue to be dealt with.
The use of dnsbl/enhdnsbl also does bounce back to the sender with a reasonable message for the cases where a message is denied so the sender shall be informed about any messages that are denied. Of course - it isn't fool-proof, but it works for me.
Do you generate a bounce, or do you reject with a 500 error and a proper message at spam time? You should not generate a bounce to remote mail. Ever. This is the cause of e-mail backscatter and is a significant problem. Always reject at SMTP time with a 500 error.