Slashdot Mirror


Liquid Lakes On Saturn's Moon Confirmed

Riding with Robots writes "Scientists have been using the robotic spacecraft Cassini to explore what looked to be large lakes of hydrocarbons on the surface of Saturn's planet-sized moon Titan. But they couldn't be entirely sure that the features were actually liquid lakes, and not simply very smooth, solid material. Now, new findings seem to confirm that the observations really do show extensive seas of liquid ethane and other hydrocarbons. In fact, Titan seems to have an entire 'water' cycle of ethane evaporation, rain and rivers."

28 of 188 comments (clear)

  1. Saturn == LA? by dlgeek · · Score: 5, Funny

    FTA: "[T]hese particles form a ubiquitous hydrocarbon haze that hinders the view."
    Sounds just like LA.

  2. Amazing! by 4D6963 · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Please tell me that all these rovers on Mars were just there to train for the real thing on Titan.

    No seriously, picture how awesome it would be to explore Titan with rovers. This place is probably the one place in the Solar system that has the most in common with our planet! The fact that it still has rivers and liquid lakes makes it so much more interesting than Mars, plus it has a thick atmosphere (5 times our atmosphere on the surface) we could probably send a UAV there or a blimp.

    --
    You just got troll'd!
    1. Re:Amazing! by 4D6963 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      OK here's my idea of a fancy mission to Titan. Firstly, an orbiter around Titan, with a nice camera and the appropriate filters to see through the atmosphere like Cassini has, but also so radar thing to map the whole thing , even under its liquid lakes, and gather lots of informations about what must be Titan's unusual geology, and that would serve as a relay between Earth and the various machines on Titan. Then a lander, not necessarily a rover but that could be a plus, mainly designed to study the local geology and weather. Then a robot to explore the lakes, their chemistry, eventual currents, their depth.

      And the fanciest part of all, a UAV-carrying blimp. It would float in Titan's thick atmosphere, low enough to be able to carry heavy weights (remember, on Titan a pressure of 1 Earth atmosphere is pretty high above the ground) and cover a lot of ground, provided there's some wind on Titan. It would obviously study the atmosphere, clouds, winds, chemicals composition, temperature etc extensively, but it would also be greatly placed to study the ground from very close. I said UAV-carrying, what would be more fancy than a blimp that would launch tiny UAVs that would fly around taking lots of pictures and measurements to then return to the blimp?

      --
      You just got troll'd!
    2. Re:Amazing! by GameboyRMH · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Cool idea, but the UAV-carrying aspect of the blimp is an expensive disappointment waiting to happen...imagine how disappointing it would be when one or more of the UAVs crashes, and when you try to fly an autonomous UAV around an alien planet, it will happen, and probably in short order. Also in a thick atmosphere, while the aircraft would need smaller lifting surfaces / lift bags they'd also need to be big and heavy so they won't be blown around like a styrofoam take-out box if there's any wind at all, which is exactly what would happen to a tiny UAV (actually they're not a whole lot better off than that on earth in my experience).

      A blimp might work but a blimp that launches fixed-wing UAVs is asking for trouble. Maybe a blimp that can transport mini-rovers would be more useful.

      --
      "When information is power, privacy is freedom" - Jah-Wren Ryel
    3. Re:Amazing! by 4D6963 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      First of all we know Titan's atmosphere way well enough for that (look it up, we're far from completely ignorant about it unlike what you make it out to be), thanks to sending a probe there. And it wouldn't necessarily be hard, it's not because the atmosphere is different that it'd make it hard, it's just a few things about the atmosphere that may make it harder or easier, but there's nothing inherently hard about it.

      Also, I think it might be easier to inflate a blimp during a parachute-slowed decent than to actually land safely. Which makes me wonder, why don't we send blimps everywhere where we can find a dense atmosphere? Can you picture a blimp in the atmosphere of Jupiter, Venus or Neptune? *drool*

      Well, I won't ask you to picture a blimp in Uranus but that would be pretty cool too.

      --
      You just got troll'd!
  3. Tidal Lock by MyLongNickName · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Does anyone know if Titan is in tidal lock with Saturn? Anyone know if there exists a list of which moons are in tidal lock and which aren't?

    --
    See my journal for slashdot ID's by year. Mine created in 2005. http://slashdot.org/journal/289875/slashdot-ids-by-year
    1. Re:Tidal Lock by jeiler · · Score: 3, Informative

      Yes, Titan is tidally locked. The Wikipedia article on Tidal locking may have a good list.

      --

      If you haven't been down-modded lately, you aren't trying.

      Sacred cows make the best hamburger.

    2. Re:Tidal Lock by CheshireCatCO · · Score: 4, Informative

      All of the medium to large satellites (Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea, and Titan, Hyperion, Iapetus, and Phoebe), except Hyperion, which has a chaotic spin, and I think Phoebe, which is irregular as heck anyway. All the captured, irregular moons cannot be counted on to spin locked to the planet. The inner small moons (Pan, Daphnis, Atlas, Prometheus, Pandora, Janus, and Epimetheus) are tidally locked according to the data.

  4. Re:what about venus ? by CheshireCatCO · · Score: 2, Informative

    No, Venus's surface is a desert. It'd be hard to get a river of metal anyway: only a few metals are liquid on its surface and not even the extremely abundant ones like iron.

  5. Presentation by Carolyn Porco (Cassini) @ TED. by Antwerp+Atom · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Excellent presentation on the moons of Saturn by Carolyn Porco, leader of the Cassini mission imaging team at the 2007 TED conference. (video)
    http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/carolyn_porco_flies_us_to_saturn.html

  6. Re:goody by IAAE · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Other than burning hydrocarbons, what would you do with them?

    TFA says that theres methane, ethane and other light hydrocarbons. You can make CFCs, HCFCs, HFCs and that kind of fun stuff with methane and ethane, but to make polymers you need ethylene or other hydrocarbons with double or triple bonds.

    It probably wouldn't be feasible to transport hydrocarbons from Titan back to Earth for consumption here, the energy costs alone would be astronomical; that and the whole climate change and tendancy to move away from hydrocarbons... The only thing I can see this being "useful" for is if we wanted a "refueling station" in space where we could just load up a spaceship with what is essentially natural gas. The only problem would be finding oxygen to combust it with...

    --
    I'm critical, not cynical...
  7. Sorry to bust your dreams... by Sique · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Before anyone comes up with the idea to mine the hydrocarbonates on Titan to overcome the oil and energy crisis on Earth, hold your breath!

    The energy necessary to accelerate the mined hydrocarbonates enough to transfer them to Earth is higher than the actual energy equivalent you get by burning the hydrocarbonates. That's because you would have to accelerate the Titan-oil from 9.7 km/sec (orbital speed of Saturn) to 29.7 km/sec (orbital speed of Earth).

    --
    .sig: Sique *sigh*
    1. Re:Sorry to bust your dreams... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      Seems counterintuitive to me. An object traveling from Titan to Earth would be falling into the Sun's gravity well. Some energy would be required to get the object out of the neighborhood of Saturn but the bulk of the acceleration to 29.7 km/s could occur naturally by falling, no?

      No, but don't feel bad, it's a common misconception.

      Turns out traveling towards the sun is hard. In fact, it's just as hard as traveling away from the sun. And you should be thankful for that, after all you wouldn't want the Earth to "fall" into the Sun.

      Basically, all the objects in the solar system are in some type of orbit with respect to the sun. Getting closer or farther from the Sun (or from the Earth), means changing your orbit speed, and therefore your orbit. It takes the exact same energy to move to a higher orbit that it does to go from that higher orbit back to the lower orbit. If you're interested in that type of stuff, give orbiter a try.

    2. Re:Sorry to bust your dreams... by d3ac0n · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Where are you going to get oxygen to burn the oil with?

      More importantly, Since when do spacecraft BURN Hydrocarbons to provide propulsion?

      I was under the impression that the primary stages of most space-capable rockets were Liquid Hydrogen-Oxygen fueled, with a solid fuel as a secondary booster stage, and then more liquid Hy/Ox fuel for space-based boosting and maneuvers.

      Since when did we start putting V8's in our rockets?

      --
      Official Heretic from the "Church of Global Warming". Proven right thanks to whistle blowers. AGW = Flat Earth Theory
  8. Need Coffee / Glasses... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    Anyone else read the headline as:

    Liquid Snake On Saturn's Moon Confirmed

    Oh my god! A new MGS Game!

  9. I see what you did there... by postermmxvicom · · Score: 4, Funny

    "the energy costs alone would be astronomical" ba dum tis

    --
    One last thing: Sometimes I wonder; "Is that someone's signature? Or do they type that at the end of each post?"
  10. Re:Gas price ? by damn_registrars · · Score: 2, Interesting

    There's our chance to lower the gas price and test if the Global warming is a myth. Import it from Saturn.

    What? Are you saying you want to try to burn ethane gas instead of gasoline? I guess you could, though I wouldn't want to be anywhere near ethane storage if a leak was suspected - mixtures of 3% ethane in atmospheric air can be explosive.
    And of course that's ignoring how much energy and money would be expended to try to bring it to earth from Saturn.

    On another tought, how about a refuelling station there for space exploration ?

    Are you planning to burn the ethane? If so, then you would still need to bring oxygen with you, as there might not be any of it there. Unless you want to try to use it as a propellant on its own...

    --
    Damn_registrars has no butt-hole. Damn_registrars has no use for a butt-hole.
  11. cowabunga and such by jollyreaper · · Score: 2, Funny

    sgt: Ok, men, wax your boards and hit the surf.

    pvt: Hey, do you think it's safe?

    sgt: Don't worry, Geeblort don't surf!

    --
    Kwisatz Haderach
    Sell the spice to CHOAM
    This Mahdi took Shaddam's Throne
  12. So where did these hydrocarbons come from? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I thought we've always had beaten into our heads that hydrocarbons, and oil and gas in particular were the result of decaying biomass from dinosaurs. So, where did these hydrocarbons come from? Was Titan an outpost for some spacefaring dino species, that got wiped out in a strange intergalactic plague? Or is there a much more sane, reasonable answer that I just haven't seen yet?

    1. Re:So where did these hydrocarbons come from? by CheshireCatCO · · Score: 2, Insightful

      The hydrocarbons are pretty simple relative to organically-produced ones. You get the more complicated ones on Titan by photo-chemical reactions in the atmosphere. (UV from the Sun breaks bonds which recombine in new and exciting ways.)

    2. Re:So where did these hydrocarbons come from? by hoggoth · · Score: 4, Funny

      > I thought we've always had beaten into our heads that hydrocarbons, and oil and gas in particular were the result of decaying biomass from dinosaurs. So, where did these hydrocarbons come from? Was Titan an outpost for some spacefaring dino species, that got wiped out in a strange intergalactic plague? Or is there a much more sane, reasonable answer that I just haven't seen yet?

      Q: Ethane on Titan comes from:

      A. The decayed, compressed remains of Titanic Dinosaurs.
      A: Xenu dropped his dinosauroid enemies into volcanos on Titan.
      B: The devil planted it there to trick us
      C: Solar radiation hits Methane (CH4), splitting it into (CH3+H), which quickly recombines into Ethane (C2H6)

      --
      - For the complete works of Shakespeare: cat /dev/random (may take some time)
  13. Re:Low Gravity and Viscous Liquids by MightyYar · · Score: 2, Funny

    Heretic! Everyone knows that ethane boils at 212 degrees Ethanheit, just as it freezes at 32 degrees E. 100 E is just a hot day in Titan-Texas.

    --
    W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
  14. Re:News from the Future by 4D6963 · · Score: 2, Funny

    The first manned mission to Titan ended tragically today as one of the astronauts stepped out onto the surface and lit up a cigarette.

    You'd need oxygen for that.

    --
    You just got troll'd!
  15. Re:Cheesy Joke Thread, and life on Saturn by gsslay · · Score: 5, Funny

    Not "invade". Sheesh, keep to the script why dontcha?!

    Act 1: Locate & Destroy Secret Inter-planetary WMDs
    Act 2: Er, forget that, we never said that, we meant; Liberate oppressed Saturnians
    Act 3: Confuse Saturn For Something Jupiter Did - Meh, they're all gas-giants aren't they?
    Act 4: Ooh, fancy that, you have oil? That we did not know.
    Act 5: Damn Ungrateful Tentacle-heads

  16. Re:Low Gravity and Viscous Liquids by MightyYar · · Score: 2, Interesting

    32-212 is equally nonsensical to everybody, except maybe an octopus.

    I think that the Germans would have something to say about that :)

    IIRC, Farenheit used the word "degrees" and thus wasn't worried about a 10-based system. The boiling point of water wasn't known yet, so he used some points that he knew to be constant. Icy salt water (well, ammonium cloride) was known to remain constant, so he used that for zero. Icy pure water was known to remain constant, so he used that for 32. The human body was known to be constant, so he used that for 96. Why he didn't use 0, 1, and 3 is beyond me... maybe he felt like he needed more resolution. I think one theory is that he originally picked 12 - a number that humans seem to like. Later, for whatever reason, he then sub-divided the scale with 8ths. Another is that he just built his scale by quadrupling a previous 0-60 scale and re-calibrating it.

    --
    W..w..W - Willy Waterloo washes Warren Wiggins who is washing Waldo Woo.
  17. Re:US plan by Gilmoure · · Score: 2, Funny

    Don' free teh Titans. Perseus is dead.

    --
    I drank what? -- Socrates
  18. Chemistry by slew · · Score: 2, Interesting

    All the articles mention ethane being the product of methane "broken" by sunlight, it is actually methane CH4 having it's H knocked away by a sunlight reaction to make a methyl CH3 radical and joining with another CH3 to make ethane C2H6. I guess you can call that "broken" into ethane.

    Given that the above reaction has a byproduct of H*, I guess there is an open question if it can somehow combine with the Nitrogen. For example, if you have some natural process of natural Nitrogen fixation (breaking the triple bond of N2 so it could be combined with H), it seems to me that there is at least some chance of life. Unfortunatly, at a very low temperature, this seems like it would be tough to do. But if you had a way to make ammonia (maybe lightning?), then it seems mightly likely that something could use this highly energetic molecule as a basis for life. Other than that, it seem like it's mostly a hydrocarbon stew...

    Many folks think that simple, but highly energetic molecules like ammonia are needed for life. This is basically because it seems hard to evolve in an environment where free uncontrolled energy (like direct ultraviolet light which is what is making all that ethane from methane) is probably tearing down any molecules (like protiens or dna) which proto-life is carefully putting together, so you likely need a small molecule to transfer/store energy from where it is collected to somewhere more protected where you can use it to make more complicated molecules. Of course many folks could be wrong and something else might work just as well.

  19. Re:News from the Future by utopianfiat · · Score: 2, Funny

    Wow, that didn't last long.

    --
    +5, Truth