Optimizing Linux Use On a USB Flash Drive?

Buckbeak writes "I like to carry my Linux systems around with me, on USB flash drives. Typically, SanDisk Cruzers or Kingston HyperX. I encrypt the root partition and boot off the USB stick. Sometimes, the performance leaves something to be desired. I want to be able to do an 'apt-get upgrade' or 'yum update' while surfing but the experience is sometimes painful. What can I do to maximize the performance of Linux while running off of a slow medium? I've turned on 'noatime' in the mount options and I don't use a swap partition. Is there any way to minimize drive I/O or batch it up more? Is there any easy way to run in memory and write everything out when I shut down? I've tried both EXT2 and EXT3 and it doesn't seem to make much difference. Any other suggestions?"

Comments

Lightweight software && ssh -x

[Paradigm_Complex]

One thing I've found really, really helps is to use smaller programs et al. While the difference in how long it takes to start up gnome-terminal vs rxvt or nautilus vs pcmanfm is minimal on a normal/modern desktop or laptop, the difference is substantial on a cheap USB flash drive. There's plenty of lists for lightweight applications, window managers etc for linux around online. In fact, I'll often just stick with terminal applications (moc, for instance).

Another option, if you're booting on a box which has a good internet connection, is to ssh -X things over a network. Not only does this save a large amount of space, but I've found it's often faster to have a program like Firefox start on my snazzy box at home and ssh -X over than waiting for it to load off of my crappy usb drive.

USB1 vs USB2

[Mendy]

It might be that the poor performance occurs when you're on a computer that only has USB1 support. On Dells this was added later than you might expect.

You might find you got better performance if you were to use a CD to hold most of the static software and the USB for just your home directory.