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FTC Shuts Down Calif. ISP For Botnets, Child Porn

An anonymous reader writes "The Federal Trade Commission has convinced a federal judge to pull the plug on a 3FN.net, a.k.a. 'Pricewert LLC,' a Northern California based hosting provider. The FTC alleges that 3FN/Pricewert was directly involved in setting up spam-spewing botnets, among other illegal activities, the Washington Post's Security Fix Blog writes. From the story: 'Pricewert hosts very little legitimate content and vast quantities of illegal, malicious, and harmful content, including child pornography, botnet command and control servers, spyware, viruses, trojans, phishing related sites, illegal online pharmacies, investment and other Web-based scams, and pornography featuring violence, bestiality, and incest.' The story quotes a former Justice Dept. expert saying the FTC action may be a smoke screen for a larger criminal investigation by the federal government in 3FN's activities."

46 of 224 comments (clear)

  1. Paging all "first posters"... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

    ...with their links which are suddenly broken.

  2. Hand It Over to Someone More Capable by eldavojohn · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Christopher Barton, lead research scientist at McAfee, said a number of 3FN domain name servers already have popped up at new locations online.

    "The rats are running," Barton said.

    Oh, that's a shame, maybe next time we should hand this matter over to the USAF or at least the FBI. You know, someone capable of exterminating or prosecuting the 'rats'?

    Leibowitz said his agency would continue to pursue other ISPs that "provide a haven for Internet criminals."

    "This is a signal that we're going to go after you, and you're not going to be able to hide behind the shroud of the Internet and be immune from enforcement action," Leibowitz said.

    A signed copy of the FTC's complaint is available here (PDF).

    Ahahah, is that a joke?

    FTC Chairman Leibowitz: Let this very strongly worded complaint be a clear message to those that escaped yet again! We will not falter until we have lodged very strongly worded complaints against each and every one of you at least four times!
    Botnet Leader: Jesus Christ, I think I just shit myself! My god, you just shut down one of like 50 ISPs we use! We might even have to go to another country to run our lucrative operations! Oh the horror of operating out of the Cayman Islands! Laying on the beach, raking in cash! Will you show us no mercy?!

    So tell me, when will all the court cases be launched from the data you collected from the servers you confiscated in this coup de grace? They were operating out of Northern California, surely you contacted the appropriate law enforcement agencies, gathered a massive stack of warrants and cunningly orchestrated a perfect storming of all facilities to capture servers with juicy financial, IP, personal and foreign data? And then surely you froze the assets in these accounts and entered all this as evidence in a mounting trial against business and individuals foreign and domestic? Oh you didn't? Oh, you just warned their ISPs and strutted around waving a complaint and acting like you saved the day? Well done.

    --
    My work here is dung.
    1. Re:Hand It Over to Someone More Capable by epiphani · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Oh, that's a shame, maybe next time we should hand this matter over to the USAF or at least the FBI. You know, someone capable of exterminating or prosecuting the 'rats'?

      And this is what I was thinking. I'm very confused, but I'm also not an American. What does the Federal Trade Commission have to do with acting on illegal material such as the crazy stuff suggested by the article? Where are the criminal charges here?

      Or is this a bit like the Environmental Protection Agency investigating a murder because... they feel like it....

      --
      .
    2. Re:Hand It Over to Someone More Capable by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      Well, the body was found in a park ...

    3. Re:Hand It Over to Someone More Capable by lordofthechia · · Score: 5, Informative

      "What does the Federal Trade Commission have to do with..."

      From the article, they were dealing with (among other things):

      "illegal online pharmacies, investment and other Web-based scams"

      and:
      "the FTC's authority gives it the power to shut down companies that appear to be engaged in unfair and deceptive practices"

      --
      Georgia Tech, the leader in Chia(tm) technology.
    4. Re:Hand It Over to Someone More Capable by harryandthehenderson · · Score: 3, Informative

      but it comes as no surprise to me that a seemingly unrelated government agency is going after these guys.

      The FTC has the authoring to go after people running "illegal online pharmacies, investment and other Web-based scams". That's part of their mission.

    5. Re:Hand It Over to Someone More Capable by harryandthehenderson · · Score: 4, Informative

      It's got to be a joke, there are plenty of sections of the law that make ISP's not liable for such things.

      Sure if they were unaware of the activity, but that is not the alleged case here. In this case the company gone after is alleged to be directly involved in the illegal activity.

    6. Re:Hand It Over to Someone More Capable by jollyreaper · · Score: 4, Funny

      and:
      "the FTC's authority gives it the power to shut down companies that appear to be engaged in unfair and deceptive practices"

      Deceptive practices? Well, we've all heard about the crackwhore complaining to the cops about being sold bogus rocks. I can just imagine how this went.

      perv: Dude, I paid mad money for this CP and it turns out the girl was 18. They ripped me off!

      ftc: Gee, how awful. What was that url again? We'll look into this immediately.

      --
      Kwisatz Haderach
      Sell the spice to CHOAM
      This Mahdi took Shaddam's Throne
    7. Re:Hand It Over to Someone More Capable by Curunir_wolf · · Score: 5, Funny

      but it comes as no surprise to me that a seemingly unrelated government agency is going after these guys.

      The FTC has the authoring to go after people running "illegal online pharmacies, investment and other Web-based scams". That's part of their mission.

      Looks like somebody at the FTC found out that those penis enlargement pills don't work at all.

      --
      "Somebody has to do something. It's just incredibly pathetic it has to be us."
      --- Jerry Garcia
    8. Re:Hand It Over to Someone More Capable by Coolfish · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Or is this a bit like the Environmental Protection Agency investigating a murder because... they feel like it....

      Funnily enough, for crimes like negligent homicide committed by a corporation, they usually face insignificant penalties. So instead, the government might use the EPA and those various laws to go after the company. Frontline had a great episode on this with regards to a foundry that was polluting like crazy, and also killed a few employees by having extremely lax safety standards and negligent management. The death of the employee? Punishable by like a $7000 fine. Dumping crap in the nearby river? Millions.

      Watch the program online: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/workplace/

    9. Re:Hand It Over to Someone More Capable by harryandthehenderson · · Score: 5, Informative

      They overstepped their bounds in regulating companies here in that they shut down an ISP.

      They didn't shut down an ISP. They shut down a hosting company of these websites that is alleged to be directly involved in helping set up these illegal operations.

      'Pricewert LLC,' a Northern California based hosting provider.

      An ISP that was NOT behaving irresponsibly to its customers.

      Sure, only if they aren't directly involved in helping to setup the illegal activity which is what is alleged in this case. Did you even read the summary?

      The fact that their customer's customers were involved in criminal activities is NOT their problem beyond complying with legal orders.

      Of course it's not. It becomes their problem because it's alleged that "3FN/Pricewert was directly involved in setting up spam-spewing botnets, among other illegal activities". Do you happen to see a difference?

      They are NOT responsible.

      If they were directly involved as it is alleged they are responsible.

      Certainly you could go after the programmer here-but that would require evidence in a court of law with proper jurisdiction. Shutting down the entire ISP goes way beyond the authority of the FTC.

      Again, they didn't shut down an ISP. They shut down a hosting company that was directly involved in helping to set up a whole host of illegal operations including illegal pharmacies and investment scams (which would fall under the FTC's regulating authority).

    10. Re:Hand It Over to Someone More Capable by DragonWriter · · Score: 4, Informative

      What does the Federal Trade Commission have to do with acting on illegal material such as the crazy stuff suggested by the article?

      Well, the answer to that is found in the FTC's Memorandum of Points and Authorities in this case (available, here, along with other related documents):

      Plaintiff, FTC, is an independent agency of the United States government created by the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. 41-58 (2006). The FTC is charged with, among other things, enforcement of Section 5(a) of the FTC Act, 15 U.S.C. 45(a), which prohibits unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce. The FTC is authorized to initiate federal district court proceedings, by its own attorneys, to enjoin violations of the FTC Act, and to secure such equitable relief as may be appropriate in each case, including restitution and disgorgement. 15 U.S.C. 53(b) (2006).

      What does the Federal Trade Commission have to do with acting on illegal material such as the crazy stuff suggested by the article?

      If the conduct charged wasn't against the law (which is all that "illegal" means), neither the FTC nor any other government agency could bring a case to stop it. You may be mistakenly using "illegal" to mean "criminal" (which some of the conduct alleged would also be), in which case I will note that an act can be simultaneously a violation of civil and criminal provisions of the law, and move on to...

      Where are the criminal charges here?

      Again, from the FTC's Memorandum of Points and Authorities:

      It is the Commission's understanding that a parallel criminal investigation of the Defendant is underway. Although the Commission is not privy to the details of that investigation, the Commission is informed that a search warrant will be executed at the Defendant's data center on or about Wednesday, June 3, 2009. The Commission respectfully requests that this Court rule on the Commission's Ex Parte Motion for Temporary Restraining Order prior to June 3, 2009, so that - if the Commission's Motion is granted - service of the TRO can be effected at the same time the search warrant is executed.

    11. Re:Hand It Over to Someone More Capable by DragonWriter · · Score: 5, Informative

      It's got to be a joke, there are plenty of sections of the law that make ISP's not liable for such things.

      There are safe harbor provisions that protect ISPs from liability for some of those things when the acts are committed by the ISPs users (not the ISP itself), and the ISP complies with certain other rules (including, as a general rule, taking effective action when they become aware of -- on their own or by notification -- the violation being perpetrated via their network.)

      But this isn't about things Pricewert's users were doing without the knowledge of the ISP; from the complaint which resulted in the order here:

      14. Pricewert is fully aware that it is hosting huge volumes of illegal, malicious, and harmful content. Moreover, Pricewert actively shields its criminal clientele by either ignoring take-down requests issued by the online security community or shifting its criminal clients to other Internet Protocol addresses controlled by Pricewert so that they may evade detection.
      15. In addition to hosting illegal, malicious, and harmful content, Pricewert actively colludes with its criminal clientele in several areas, including the maintenance and deployment of bot nets.
      .
      .
      .
      22. Pricewert's involvement in botnet activity is detailed in several Internet ICQ chat logs obtained by the FTC. In these logs, Pricewert's senior staff, including its Head of Programming, are observed directly participating in the creation and configuration of a botnet.
      23. In one of the chats obtained by the FTC, Pricewert's Head of Programming is engaged in a conversation with a customer regarding the number of compromised computers the customer controls. The customer informs Pricewert that he controls 200,000 bots and needs assistance configuring the botnet. The head of Pricewert's Programming Department agrees to assist, but complains upon learning of the size of the botnet that it will require a lot of work.
      24. In a second chat, a Senior Project Manager for Pricewert is told by a customer
      that the customer controls a massive and rapidly growing network ofbots. Pricewert's Sales Director reassures the customer that "[w]ell, we know how to manage it."

    12. Re:Hand It Over to Someone More Capable by QuantumRiff · · Score: 4, Insightful
      and along the lines.. how is

      and pornography featuring violence, bestiality, and incest

      illegal? I know they mentioned other things that are, but throwing things that many people are opposed to in with things that are actually illegal is a slippery slope towards censorship. Just think of the children..

      --

      What are we going to do tonight Brain?
    13. Re:Hand It Over to Someone More Capable by mdwh2 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I agree. And I saw this happen in the UK. According to my Government, "violent" acts between consenting adults, even if simulated, are just as bad as child pornography. Many police forces submitted evidence to the Government consultation saying that people who start out looking at such material will end up abusing children.

  3. What the article leaves out by MillionthMonkey · · Score: 5, Funny

    'Pricewert hosts very little legitimate content and vast quantities of illegal, malicious, and harmful content, including child pornography, botnet command and control servers, spyware, viruses, trojans, phishing related sites, illegal online pharmacies, investment and other Web-based scams, and pornography featuring violence, bestiality, and incest.'

    Yes but how much were they charging per month? It doesn't say. You probably get all this stuff with the "premium" package.

  4. Re:OT: Which browser is slashdot supposed to work by MrMista_B · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I can tell you for sure, it sure as hell isn't Firefox. I'm about to give up, and my karma rating has been 'Excellent' ages.

  5. Re:OT: Which browser is slashdot supposed to work by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Looks like the Slashdot clowns are "targeting" all browsers. Everything sucks.

    Their Web 2.0 hard-on must be draining the blood from their brains. Slashdot is now slow, bloated, and fucked up.

    Just try getting that asinine slide-bar to show ALL posts. No can do, because the script kiddies coding it up are too stupid to handle boundary conditions properly.

  6. Re:OT: Which browser is slashdot supposed to work by Neil+Blender · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Slashdot doesn't work in any browser.

    Also, they have a policy of launching new, untested, broken features mid week during peak usage.

    In addition, they have a policy of "belittle and close" when you submit a bug to sourceforge.

  7. Only diff this will make is in some DA's resume. by d474 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    This is like removing a telephone from the street corner in an attempt to thwart phone scams: Endless supply of phones for the evil-doers to move to.

    --
    Authority questions you. Return the favor.
  8. Re:Quite a list by Farmer+Tim · · Score: 3, Funny

    But what makes it different than any other ISP?

    Their bribe was late.

    --
    Blank until /. makes another boneheaded UI decision.
  9. Re:OT: Which browser is slashdot supposed to work by harryandthehenderson · · Score: 2, Informative

    Well the commment slider doesn't move when you click the "Toggle window location" button. White bars where the titles are so you can't see anything. Pages taking forever to render. That's just a few.

  10. Props to NASA too, for this! by AMuse · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Yet another thing that NASA has done to help society, that people don't know. NASA's Inspector General (IG) played a large role in helping shut this den of crap down.

  11. Re:Quite a list by harryandthehenderson · · Score: 2, Insightful

    But what makes it different than any other ISP?

    You mean other than this quote from the second sentence?

    The FTC alleges that 3FN/Pricewert was directly involved in setting up spam-spewing botnets, among other illegal activities

    I'm pretty sure Verizon, Time Warner, AT&T, Comcast, Cablevision, Cox, Suddenlink, just to name a few ISPs, aren't directly involved in any illegal activities on their network.

  12. Re:OT: Which browser is slashdot supposed to work by greed · · Score: 2, Informative

    Turn off the new crap. Then it works.

    I forget how I did that, though. Classic Index in Preferences?

  13. Turn off Beta! by argent · · Score: 2, Informative

    Turn off the damn stupid "beta" index.

    I wish they'd just frozen the interface about three years ago, but at least you CAN disable most of the gratuitous Javascript crap.

  14. "including child pornography..." by Evets · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Anytime I see something referencing child pornography, I immediately think it's a smear campaign.

    I don't know anything about 3FN.net, but generally...

    ISPs don't host porn, they host websites. Some people put up websites that have porn or other content that someone might object to. Some websites have illegal content.

    Sometimes people get frustrated because it's difficult to stop whatever activity it is they are trying to stop. Because an ISP provides its customers with anonymity, or because it doesn't log certain things, or because they are not cooperative with whatever branch of the government wants their cooperation does not make them bad. There are plenty of legitimate, good, positive-for-society reasons that anonymity or partial anonymity is necessary. There are ways of enforcing the law and bettering society that don't strip rights away from free people doing ordinary things.

    1. Re:"including child pornography..." by Xaositecte · · Score: 2, Interesting

      You think this might be one of those "sending a message" things?

      Y'know, shut down one ISP under a justification that could, potentially, target any ISP in the Untied States? Start with a small one that nobody has ever heard of, and won't ruffle many feathers. Then, whenever an ISP is getting too uppity, politely bring up the topic of 3FN, and oh, wouldn't it be a tragedy if that happened to a larger ISP?

    2. Re:"including child pornography..." by harryandthehenderson · · Score: 3, Informative

      Now if we were talking about a hosting company. That might be a different thing.

      And they are. Did you even read the summary at all?

      'Pricewert LLC,' a Northern California based hosting provider.

  15. Re:OT: Which browser is slashdot supposed to work by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    Looks justfine in IE 6! Just have to enable Active X and set your security settings to "low".

  16. Re:OT: Which browser is slashdot supposed to work by Red+Flayer · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Read between the lines.

    Slashdot doesn't render properly on ANY browser.

    The reason for this is because slashdot doesn't have a proper webdev writing their site. The may have a webdev, but obviously the person they have is not capable of meeting their needs.

    Since the corporate overlords are cutting back on expenses, there is no room in the budget to hire a proper webdev. So the slashdot team has decided to purposely bork the site, keeping it just-good-enough-for-content-to-be-available, in the hope that some skilled webdev will offer their services for free to fix the site.

    Or, possibly, the slashdot editors are playing passive-aggressive with the corporate overlord's demands that slashdot become more like a social networking site, and less like a news aggregator with comments. I think this has been hinted at by Rob & Jamie in the past.

    Finally, the third possibility -- it's summer, which is kind of like the Septembers of yore on usenet. Maybe they're hoping to preserve the community by driving off the shambling hordes of idiots who belong on Fark or 4chan instead of here, while the slashdot core sticks around, knowing that things will simmer down in October. But that's probably wishful thinking.

    --
    "Trolls they were, but filled with the evil will of their master: a fell race..." -- J.R.R. Tolkien on Olog-hai
  17. Re:Only diff this will make is in some DA's resume by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 3, Informative

    You do realize that the reason why you can't find public phones was to discourage drug dealers with pagers from doing business? Not that that matters anymore since evil-doers have cell phones.

  18. Re:OT: Which browser is slashdot supposed to work by shentino · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I'm using browsers that get 100/100 on Acid3 and those don't have trouble.

  19. Alex Kozinski by Doug52392 · · Score: 2, Informative

    Well, if you ask Alex Kozinski, Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (United States v. Issacs), I'm sure he'd have a few words to say about this.

  20. Re:Quite a list by SydShamino · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I'm pretty sure Verizon, Time Warner, AT&T, Comcast, Cablevision, Cox, Suddenlink, just to name a few ISPs, aren't directly involved in any illegal activities on their network.

    Except spying on their customers for the government... though I guess that's not illegal any more.

    --
    It doesn't hurt to be nice.
  21. The Federal Trade Commission and You by westlake · · Score: 3, Informative

    Oh, that's a shame, maybe next time we should hand this matter over to the USAF or at least the FBI. You know, someone capable of exterminating or prosecuting the 'rats'?

    Federal Trade Commission [Home]

    A Brief Overiview of the Federal Trade Commission's
    Investigative and Law Enforcement Authority (1) [1995]

    Statutes Enforced or Administered by the Commission [Home]

    "AN ACT To enhance Federal Trade Commission enforcement against illegal spam, spyware, and cross-border fraud and deception, and for other purposes."
    U.S. SAFE WEB Act of 2006 [Final - Full Text]

  22. It's about gathering evidence. by Forge · · Score: 2, Informative

    To go into an office and get all the information needed to prove a criminal charge you have to provide evidence to convince a judge to give you a warrant. At least that's how it was before the new rules allowed Federal agencies to just say "terrorism" and skip past the middleman.

    As a regulator, things are a little different. This guy has a license to operate and you are authorized to walk in and search his stuff just to see if he is complying with the terms of his license. If he isn't (virtually all licenses forbid criminal activity), you can just shut him down. In doing all of this you get to rifle throgh his files, interrogate his staff etc... Enough to gather the kind of evidence you can then pass on to the FBI or the local sheriff to say "Hey don't you have a cell reserved for people like this?"

    This is just an extension of an old strategy. Just review the case of Al Capone if you are in doubt.

    --
    --= Isn't it surprising how badly I spell ?
    1. Re:It's about gathering evidence. by lgw · · Score: 2, Interesting

      At least that's how it was before the new rules allowed Federal agencies to just say "terrorism" and skip past the middleman.

      The old rules allowed Federal agencies to just say "dru dealer" and skip past the middleman. The PATRIOT act continaed almost no new ploice powers - it was effectively just s/drug dealer/terrorist/.

      We gave up the 4th amendment a lng whil eback, for drunk driving checkpoints. It's sad how little people actually care about their rights.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    2. Re:It's about gathering evidence. by rtb61 · · Score: 2, Insightful

      By far the most important part of this incident "Northern California district court judge approved an FTC request to have the company's upstream Internet providers stop routing traffic for the provider". So no matter to which country they shift their criminal operations that action can still be applied locally to block traffic from a illegal enterprise masquerading behind the façade of a legal ISP, where there is sufficient evidence of the direct involvement in criminal enterprise.

      The only tricky part is, should all legitimate customers be warned of this action prior to it occurring so that they can relocate their services because the legal action is also attacking innocent third parties and disrupting their services and that is no really appropriate.

      --
      Chaos - everything, everywhere, everywhen
  23. Re:Only diff this will make is in some DA's resume by Grishnakh · · Score: 2, Informative

    I don't think so. Public phones were privately owned, so as long as they turned a profit, their owners wouldn't care too much what they were being used for.

    The thing that killed public phones was the ubiquity of cellphones. Now, unlike 15 years ago, cellphones are cheap and everyone has them. It's simply no longer profitable to buy a public phone and pay for its service, when so few people are going to pop a quarter in one to use it.

    Even drug dealers are probably happy about this, as they were a little obvious sitting around pay phones all day, and now they can just get a cheap prepaid cellphone and be completely anonymous and do their business from anywhere.

  24. legitimate content by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    What about the "legitimate content" owners? If I was running a business, which provided my family income (6 dependents), and supported a customer base with services, the FTC just killed it without warning or justification.

    You don't shut down a phone company (e.g. AT&T or Sprint) if someone is commiting crimes using a phone. If a local phone company or branch telephone office is "directly involved", again, the FTC does -NOT- kill phone service to the customers and businesses in the area.

    "Sometime on Tuesday, more than 15,000 Web sites connected to San Jose, Calif., based Triple Fiber Network (3FN.net) went dark." How many thousands of those sites were legitimate businesses or customers who have been seriously hurt by the FTC exceeding its authority and requesting that upstream providers breach their contracts with 3FN.net. When one of these businesses goes under, or the soldier in Korea can't get the streaming video of his childs' birthday party, who do they call? The FTC?

    The government is proud of itself for not doing its job. Actually prosecuting the criminals. If there haven't been any crimes, they had no right. If there have been crimes, they have a responsibility to prosecute. Either way, this action was both wrong and irresponsible.

  25. No decrease volume of spam. by Neanderthal+Ninny · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Unlike the take down of McColo, I see no decrease of volume of spam at all. In fact, since April 2009, my spam level has gone back to and within the last week, above the level of spam since the before McColo and my mail server statistics follow Spamcop.net statistics.
    http://www.spamcop.net/spamgraph.shtml?spamyear
    IMHO, the botnets masters have dispersed themselves to multiple locations around the world so now taking down on an ISP will not affect them like McColo. On my mail server, most my spam comes from the Central and South America IP addresses and I think those systems are controlled by some bot master somewhere else.
    However, IMHO, creating and hosting child porn is punishable by torture like waterboarding or worst. Dying is too good for those people.

  26. Actually, it's because part of the content was ... by Ungrounded+Lightning · · Score: 2, Funny

    Looks like the Slashdot clowns are "targeting" all browsers. Everything sucks.

    Naw. Part of the content was hosted on 3FN and the FTC just took it down.

    (It's a joke. Mod it "funny".)

    --
    Bantam Dominique roosters crow a four-note song. Once you've heard it as "Happy BIRTHday" you can't NOT hear it that way
  27. Re:Only diff this will make is in some DA's resume by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The police in my area about ten years ago was cracking down on public phones in out of the way spots.

    Gas station at a well lit corner? No problem.

    Dark corner inside a hole in the wall pizza joint? Out, sometimes along with the liquor license.

  28. Re:Holy FUD Campaign Batman! by Jah-Wren+Ryel · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Unless it involves homosexual identical twins, how can you even know it is incestuous anyway?
    Sure, someone can say it is incest, but that's just wish fullfillment on the part of law enforcement.

    --
    When information is power, privacy is freedom.
  29. Do you trust the FTC? by Brian+Ribbon · · Score: 2, Insightful

    "from the child-porn-world-needs-more-suicides dept."

    Several people who I know have been victims of child porn laws, despite not having paid for or traded anything and having therefore not encouraged or facilitated production. Rather than making assumptions about child pornography, you may consider researching the issue. You should also remember that visiting websites which are alleged to contain illegal images - without loading the images (by disabling images in the browser) - is not illegal and can provide significant insight into the issue.

    I'd also suggest a critical consideration of the FTC's statements. The war on child pornography is often used as a cover for wars on slightly more popular content which happens to offend the state. I find it rather bizarre that so many people who are critical of the state tend to believe whatever the state and its subsidiaries says about child porn.

    --
    "To the future or to the past, to a time when thought is free" ~ Nineteen Eighty-Four