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Unicellular "Enigma" Changes From Predator To Plant and Back

SilverEar writes "Imagine a creature that swims and preys on others, but once it eats a certain kind of plant, that plant grows inside it, causing the predator to lose its ability to prey and start using sunlight to make its food. Its preying mouth is replaced by an eye that is needed to find sunlight. This is the Hatena ('enigma' in Japanese). The kicker: when Hatena reproduces, one offspring is a peaceful photosynthesizer with the sun-seeking eye, while the other is yet again a predator with a voracious mouth."

33 of 168 comments (clear)

  1. PETA will be confused by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Plant or animal! Prepare the soft padded cells.

    1. Re:PETA will be confused by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      Easy solution: they will demand that plants possess the same rights as animals. Since they already demand that animals possess the same rights as humans, it will then follow that they will choose not to eat plant-based food just as they refuse to eat animal-based food (i.e., meat). This will leave them without a source of food, and the smart ones will abandon the cause while the dumb ones will die off.

    2. Re:PETA will be confused by OeLeWaPpErKe · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Actually once this cell totally integrates this endosymbiotic lifeform (the next step) it might very well become eukaryotic. Ironically that would make it an eukaryotic plant, which would presumably very easily evolve back into a predator.

      when Hatena reproduces, one offspring is a peaceful photosynthesizer with the sun-seeking eye, while the other is yet again a predator with a voracious mouth."

      The explanation is simple : cell division in the parent organism does not trigger cell division in the endosymbiotic lifeform. That endosymbiotic lifeform might very well be thought of as an infection.

    3. Re:PETA will be confused by Starlon · · Score: 4, Funny

      This thing sounds worse than a Politician to me.

      Fixed that for you.

      --
      Health Freedom is almost as popular as Freedom itself.
    4. Re:PETA will be confused by sjames · · Score: 3, Funny

      I suspect politicians are simply a colony of these. Their campaigning certainly is preditory, and once they get into office, they become vegetables.

      Every 4 years they shed their sessile nature and hit the campaign trail again.

    5. Re:PETA will be confused by rpillala · · Score: 5, Interesting

      No, not the same rights as humans, just the same rights as pets. Even this is an oversimplification but I think it gets the point across.

      The point being that it is not appropriate to speak of animals having all the same rights as humans. I think this is well understood. The right to vote, for example, does not make sense since it presupposes knowledge of language, politics, issues etc. The rights that PETA members ascribe to animals, most basically, are the rights not to suffer and die at the hands of humans. These aren't that far out, when you consider the "arguments" in favor of the suffering and dying.

      --
      When the axe came to the forest, the trees said, "Look out - the handle was once one of us."
    6. Re:PETA will be confused by Tubal-Cain · · Score: 3, Informative

      It's a bacteria with a parasite that radically alters the host's "body" chemistry, and one of the daughter cells will inherit the parasite. And I presume that daughter cell will spawn a similar pair at the next mitosis division. I see no changing of species here.

    7. Re:PETA will be confused by Cormacus · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The rights that PETA members ascribe to animals, most basically, are the rights not to suffer and die at the hands of humans.

      Given PETA's record, your statement is a bit . . . ironic.

      http://www.petakillsanimals.com/

      --
      Mon chien, il n'a pas du nez. Comment scent-il? TrÃs mauvais!
  2. journal link by jschen · · Score: 4, Informative

    Definitely an interesting result. The original article is published in Science. A free abstract can be found here.

  3. Public Service Announcement by pushing-robot · · Score: 4, Funny

    This is your creator deity... And this is your creator deity on drugs.

    --
    How can I believe you when you tell me what I don't want to hear?
    1. Re:Public Service Announcement by Opportunist · · Score: 4, Funny

      I've known that since the momemt I heard about the platypus.

      I still have this image of God and Devil sitting in a bar at the end of the universe, had a few beer, God doodles the platypus on a napkin and Devil manages to snort out a "dare ya!" between giggles.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
  4. Ugh by TheRealMindChild · · Score: 4, Funny

    The kicker: when Hatena reproduces, one offspring is a peaceful photosynthesizer with the sun-seeking eye, while the other is yet again a predator with a voracious mouth.

    Sound like my wife

    --

    "When life gives you lemons, don't make lemonade. Make life take the lemons back!" -- Cave Johnson
  5. Sounds like the foundation for a 5-volume fantasy by olsmeister · · Score: 3, Insightful

    1. Mother eats plant 2. Plant grows inside mother 3. Mother morphs 4. Diametrically opposed sons are born 5. Decades of hilarity ensue

  6. Comment removed by account_deleted · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Comment removed based on user account deletion

  7. Re:Interesting find... by porcupine8 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    At least they called it a "hypothesis" instead of forcing us to accept it as verified fact.

    You say this as though "hypothesis" were some kind of weasel word, as though they actually do consider it a fact but are just calling it something else to avoid criticism.

    Did it ever occur to you that this is precisely what a hypothesis is, and that the correlation =/= causation thing is the very reason that it is considered a hypothesis? I'm sure that these biologists have some vague idea what they're doing. If they thought that they had hard and fast proof they'd be moving this on to the "theory" stage. The very fact that they call it a hypothesis means that they agree with you.

    --
    Warning: Apple/Nintendo fangirl. Likes her electronics cute & cuddly. May be rabid.
  8. Is this your blog? by caseih · · Score: 4, Insightful

    While this is extremely interesting, we need a link to the actual journal article, or to some source material, not just a link to a blog. Without that we can only assume this is an attempt to turf slashdot to drive traffic to your blog and generate ad revenues.

    1. Re:Is this your blog? by TerranFury · · Score: 3, Insightful
      The blog contains two citations as endnotes:

      Okamoto, N. (2005). A Secondary Symbiosis in Progress? Science, 310 (5746), 287-287 DOI: 10.1126/science.1116125 OKAMOTO, N., & INOUYE, I. (2006). Hatena arenicola gen. et sp. nov., a Katablepharid Undergoing Probable Plastid Acquisition Protist, 157 (4), 401-419 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2006.05.011

      Also, whereas blogs are freely-available, you need a subscription to read the journal article -- so I think that the way this was done is the best way.

  9. Cordyceps by natmakarvitch · · Score: 3, Informative

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordyceps_sinensis , albeit multicellular, is also somewhat astonishing

  10. Memeaholic by senorpoco · · Score: 5, Funny

    I for one welcome our new single celled predatory overlords, but deride their single celled hippy photosynthesizing cousins.

  11. What happens when chloroplasts are removed? by az-saguaro · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Biology is full of promoter-inhibitor relationships, and this seems like an interesting one. When the algae is inside the protist, the host's "animal" behaviors and anatomy are suppressed, but they clearly remain in a latent state, ready to reactivate after fission. It makes one wonder to what extent chloroplasts remain as endosymbionts versus organelles in genuine plant species. So . . .
    . . .
    Does anyone know of any research where chloroplasts were removed from plant cells in culture, to see if the remaining cells revert to some atavistic animal-like exogenous-food-seeking state?

    1. Re:What happens when chloroplasts are removed? by az-saguaro · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Yes, you are exactly correct, that sticking chloroplasts into animal cells would be the necessary flip side of that experiment.
      -
      I was not referring to turning pine trees into Night of the Living Dead. What would be interesting is to see what would happen to algae under these circumstances, or to cultures of moss cells or flowering plant cells. Pick a popular research plant - tobacco for instance - and then pull the chloroplasts out of a few cells, then stick them into a cell culture medium - e.g. agar petri dishes or mammalian cell culture flasks - and see if they become planktonic, aggressive, nutrient-tropic, or if they start to express cell surface structures or other organelles related to sensing and locomotion. Since the algae are phylogenetically much closer to all of this, it seems plausible that they might revert to animal-like forms and function.
      -
      If nobody has ever done these experiments, now would be a good time.

    2. Re:What happens when chloroplasts are removed? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

      Doesn't happen -- they're endosymbionts. Without chloroplasts/mitochondria regular plant/animal cells can't function -- no electron transport chain. That's why people with mitochondrial myopathy are sick, as their mitochondria don't work properly so they don't make enough ATP.
      The chloroplasts/mitochondria have outsourced amino acid production (among other things), so without the host, they can't survive.
       

    3. Re:What happens when chloroplasts are removed? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

      Plants w/o chloroplasts. I remember something from biology where they keep some corn alive that is hybrid for a critical gene--if missing the chloroplasts don't divide. If self-crossed, one-fourth of the corn is albino and dies as soon as it runs out of stored energy in the seed.

      However, see Indian Pipe for a plant that doesn't have chloroplasts.

  12. Scientific American by deAtog · · Score: 5, Informative

    For all those interested, Scientific American has the story.

  13. Comment removed by account_deleted · · Score: 4, Funny

    Comment removed based on user account deletion

  14. Re:Interesting find... by Smivs · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I see no evidence that any intelligence other than human can compose original, coherent posts to an online forum. So with over 95 percent confidence, posts at or above Score:1 are written by humans.

    I see no evidence that any intelligence...posts to an online forum.

    Fixed that for you !

  15. Re:Interesting find... by Majik+Sheff · · Score: 4, Funny

    That sounds good, can you make some toast for me please? Someone else here is bound to be a butter knife, so maybe we can get a team effort going?

    --
    Women are like electronics: you don't know how damaged they are until you try to turn them on.
  16. I hate to admit... by hedgemage · · Score: 4, Funny

    But when I read the article summary, one of the first questions on my mind was... How does it interact with Japanese schoolgirls?

  17. Re:Sounds like the foundation for a 5-volume fanta by Opportunist · · Score: 3, Funny

    Please. Not so loud. Fox is looking for a sitcom theme for next season.

    --
    We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
  18. Gives a whole new meaning to... by Randwulf · · Score: 3, Funny

    You are what you eat!

  19. Re:Interesting find... by Daniel+Dvorkin · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Every time someone posts a stupid correlation versus causation argument on Slashdot, I want to smack them.

    I call this the violence-inducing-argument hypothesis, because suggesting causation would just encourage them.

    Sing it, brother!

    It's a kind of pseudo-intellectual argument which is, unfortunately, very appealing to geeks. Stupid, ignorant people are prone to assuming that correlation always implies causation (even if they don't know to put it in those words) and drawing conclusions that reasonably intelligent, slightly less ignorant people can clearly see are false. So at some point they read a Philosophy 101 list of logical fallacies on the web, come across "correlation does not imply causation," and think, "Ah hah! That explains what all those stupid people are doing!" At which point it becomes the proverbial hammer for which every problem is a nail.

    ...

    In case it isn't clear: correlation, when calculated to account for confounding factors and observed enough to establish significance, is the only way we have to establish causation in the natural world. It is exactly how every accepted scientific "fact" (i.e., theory, which is as close to fact as science can ever get) was established. Everything you think you know about the way the world works is based on a correlation so significant that nobody seriously expects it to turn out the be an artifact. And that's all we've got.

    --
    The correlation between ignorance of statistics and using "correlation is not causation" as an argument is close to 1.
  20. OT, but just FYI by Shin-LaC · · Score: 5, Informative

    "Hatena" doesn't really mean "enigma". It's actually an interjection, and a more accurate translation would be something like "Weird!" or "Oh man!".

  21. Old news by PPH · · Score: 4, Funny

    A food that, when eaten, transforms an agressive predator into a passive life form....

    Wedding cake.

    --
    Have gnu, will travel.