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Is Jupiter Earth's Cosmic Protector?
Hugh Pickens writes "Last Sunday, an object, probably a comet that nobody saw coming, plowed into Jupiter's colorful cloud tops, splashing up debris and leaving a black eye the size of the Pacific Ocean — the second time in 15 years that this had happened, after Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 fell apart and its pieces crashed into Jupiter in 1994, leaving Earth-size marks that persisted up to a year. 'Better Jupiter than Earth,' say astronomers who think that part of what makes Earth such a nice place to live is that Jupiter acts as a gravitational shield, deflecting incoming space junk away from the inner solar system where it could do to humans what an asteroid apparently did for the dinosaurs 65 million years ago. 'If anything like that had hit the Earth it would have been curtains for us, so we can feel very happy that Jupiter is doing its vacuum-cleaner job and hoovering up all these large pieces before they come for us,' says Australian amateur astronomer Anthony Wesley, who first noticed the mark on Jupiter. But others say the warm and fuzzy image of the King of Planets as father-protector may not be entirely accurate. In 1770, Comet Lexell whizzed by the earth, missing us by a cosmic whisker after passing close to Jupiter. The comet made two passes around the Sun and in 1779 again passed very close to Jupiter, which then threw it back out of the solar system."
It's a bit like saying one speck of dust is protecting another speck of dust from other, smaller dust, as they swirl around an eddy of warm air in a coliseum.
Is Jupiter Earth's Cosmic Protector?
If this is true, it gives us another criteria to look for in distant solar systems that we suspect may harbor life or that we would like to colonize: a large shield planet in the same system capable of leaving the smaller world to develop uninterrupted.
It is interesting to wonder if our odds increase or decrease on being hit when there is a large massive body in our solar system. Like the article and summary say, some objects that would not have come close could be put on course for earth via Jupiter's gravitational forces. Who knows, maybe massive bodies like Jupiter pull more space debris into our system and make it more hostile than if it were just the earth orbiting the Sun?
My work here is dung.
... is the fact that eventually we have to get off earth and learn how to survive in the hostile universe anyway.
That Jupiter really sucks?
In astrology, Jupiter is considered the "greater benefic," the planet that bestows fortune, luck, and positive benefits.
Just sayin'.
The Earth will eventually be wiped out, obviously. We can't get lucky forever.
We'd better spread outselves out.
Jupiter is the only planet in our system close enough to the sun and with a deep enough gravity well for them to have a barycenter (common orbital center) outside the sun's surface. That sort of wobbly orbital mechanics has far more effect on trajectories of small bodies than a nice, neat set of concentric circular orbits. The sun-Jupiter system will be more likely to cause fluctuations that result in small interlopers to get thrown out of the system or sucked into one of their gravity wells. Seeing the result on Jupiter is rare. Seeing it at the sun is more common. Between the two they're going to suck up far more than hit elsewhere.
But their influence is only the majority of a chaotic multi-body system. Just because they account for the most hits doesn't mean they take them all and nothing gets through elsewhere. Of course some will miss the big guys and hit (or nearly so) some of the others. That's the nature of a chaotic system of orbital mechanics. They are not exerting influence in an intentional manner, rather a deterministic but fairly unpredictable manner.
To assume a certain thing always happens because it has happened, and also to say it not accurate because there is an exception, is the sort of low caliber absolutist thinking that's common in "modern" science reporting. I have no doubt the parties credited with these viewpoints understand quite well the situation, and the apparent controversy is a function of the author of TFA.
"I may be synthetic, but I'm not stupid." -- Bishop 341-B
the far side is much more cratered than the front side which shows how the Earth
...which is much larger than the moon, protects the moon from impacts more than the other way around.
"You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
I find it amazing and worrisome that an object that size can get so close to Earth and hit Jupiter without astronomers learning about it until after the fact. To me, it is an indication that current near-earth object surveillance systems are not worth much.
Whew! That's a relief... I thought you said three million years.
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