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Scientists Create Artificial Bones From Wood

steve_thatguy writes "According to Discovery News, Italian scientists have made artificial bone from wood. Created by blasting wood blocks with heat until they are nearly pure carbon then coating them with calcium, the scientists say the material allows bones to heal faster and more securely. Unlike titanium, the wood-based artificial bones flex slightly much like real bone, and the porous nature of the wood allows for better bio-activity with surrounding tissue. Though human testing is still likely years away, the material is currently being used successfully in sheep and may have other industrial applications."

46 of 138 comments (clear)

  1. Bones out of wood? by oahazmatt · · Score: 4, Funny

    Well that's not good. Now if they bleed they're going to attract ants.

    --
    Those who believe the Internet is private,
    find their privates are on the Internet.
    1. Re:Bones out of wood? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      that would be like me saying your brain is made of retard, when in fact, retard is just the end result

    2. Re:Bones out of wood? by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 4, Funny

      And Christian fundamentalists. If you get enough of these bone replacements, they might start calling you a witch.

      --
      Ezekiel 23:20
    3. Re:Bones out of wood? by rs79 · · Score: 2, Funny

      Got bone? No, just a woody.

      --
      Need Mercedes parts ?
    4. Re:Bones out of wood? by fractoid · · Score: 2, Funny

      I'm guessing the post was a witch. Witches are flamebait, right?

      On the gripping hand, with charcoal bones you could, in emergencies, breath through your left tibia to filter out toxic gases.

      --
      Rampant carbon sequestration destroyed the Dinosaurs' tropical paradise. I'm here to help repair the damage.
  2. those poor chickens with boneless breasts by goffster · · Score: 5, Funny

    They now have hope

    1. Re:those poor chickens with boneless breasts by pavon · · Score: 3, Funny

      I did my own experiment this weekend involving boneless chicken breasts sprinkled with calcium chloride, and placed over wood that had been previously heated in a vacuum till nearly carbon.

      The scientific results were tasty.

    2. Re:those poor chickens with boneless breasts by swanzilla · · Score: 5, Funny

      how humerus

    3. Re:those poor chickens with boneless breasts by bughunter · · Score: 3, Funny

      I did the same, but I used sodium chloride, and included some wood chips soaked in dihydrogen monoxide. Somewhat tastier, despite the use of the Earth's most deadly chemical.

      --
      I can see the fnords!
    4. Re:those poor chickens with boneless breasts by bughunter · · Score: 5, Funny

      We chemistry nerds tend to party among ourselves. And we know all the best chemicals.

      So yes, our parties are quite entertaining.

      Plus, we like to blow shit up.

      /hold my ethyl alcohol solution and watch this

      --
      I can see the fnords!
    5. Re:those poor chickens with boneless breasts by NotBornYesterday · · Score: 4, Interesting

      I don't know if you were among this particular group of partying nerds, but I seem to remember a website from about 15 yrs ago, built by the faculty of the engineering department of some college. It showed pictures of their annual picnic. Every year, there was a contest to see who could get the briquettes ready the quickest. Year after year, they got more inventive, finally culminating when someone took 1) a grill filled with charcoal, 2) a lit cigarette at the bottom of the pile to act as a source of ignition, and 3) a bucket of liquid oxygen at the end of a long pole. The result (yes, there were pictures) was a 10-foot column of fire, and the total destruction of the el cheapo grill.

      I wish I could find that website again. I wonder if they have beaten their old record. They must have by now.

      --
      I prefer rogues to imbeciles because they sometimes take a rest.
    6. Re:those poor chickens with boneless breasts by thpr · · Score: 5, Informative
    7. Re:those poor chickens with boneless breasts by maxume · · Score: 2, Informative

      The wet wood chips are there for flavor, not for fire.

      --
      Nerd rage is the funniest rage.
  3. Sheep with wooden legs? by mr_flea · · Score: 4, Funny

    So... if they're giving sheep wooden legs... does that mean they're creating pirate sheep? Are they also giving them eye patches and pet parrots?

    1. Re:Sheep with wooden legs? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

      And here we have a very strange internet rule 34 confirmation.

    2. Re:Sheep with wooden legs? by sentientbeing · · Score: 3, Funny

      Theyre enhancing sheep with charcoal bones to create legs of lamb that can BBQ themselves

      --

      ------
      beware he who would deny you access to information, for in his mind he dreams himself your master
  4. mmmmhm by nnnich · · Score: 4, Funny

    let washington's dentist be chastised no more!

    --
    she was the daughter of a wealthy florentine pogen read em and weep was her adjustable slogan
  5. Prior art by srussia · · Score: 4, Funny

    I'll be claiming me mateys...arr!

    --
    Set your phasers on "funky"!
  6. Leave it to the Italians... by bughunter · · Score: 2, Funny

    ... to invent something that turns orthopedic surgeons into woody boners.

    (Yes. I went there.)

    --
    I can see the fnords!
    1. Re:Leave it to the Italians... by snspdaarf · · Score: 3, Funny

      AND mix in sheep. Urk.

      --
      Why, without your clothes, you're naked, Miss Dudley!
    2. Re:Leave it to the Italians... by tepples · · Score: 2, Funny

      Hell, most of their surgical instruments look like something out of a carpenters shop

      Only if the surgeon's name happens to be Dr. Geppetto Baccigaluppo.

  7. Artificial bones in sheep? by Sta7ic · · Score: 4, Funny

    That's what I call some baaaahhhd medicine.

  8. Wow by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    Now the goverment is going to create the worst mutant ever: Weapon W.

  9. Been Doing This For Years by basementman · · Score: 2, Funny

    I've been making bones from wood since puberty, these scientists obviously never took health class in middle school.

    1. Re:Been Doing This For Years by ArsonSmith · · Score: 4, Funny

      And putting it in sheep too right?

      --
      Paying taxes to buy civilization is like paying a hooker to buy love.
  10. Wooden bone, punchline. by HornWumpus · · Score: 4, Funny

    Pinocchio: 'Who needs a girlfriend now that I have sandpaper.'

    --
    John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
  11. Mutant zombie sheep... by Frosty+Piss · · Score: 2, Funny

    ...the material is currently being used successfully in sheep and may have other industrial applications/b>

    Mutant zombie sheep used as forced labor in factories?

    --
    If you want news from today, you have to come back tomorrow.
  12. Move Over Lee Majors by bradorsomething · · Score: 5, Funny

    Gentlemen, we can rebuild him. We can make him stronger... faster... using the latest in prefabrication materials from Home Depot. He is... the Sixty-Five Dollar Man.

    1. Re:Move Over Lee Majors by Jason+Levine · · Score: 2, Funny

      That's too expensive. We can rebuild him using Walmart for just $42 and change.

      --
      My sci-fi novel, Ghost Thief, is now available from Amazon.com.
  13. Steven Wright was right by HTH+NE1 · · Score: 4, Funny

    "I saw a man with a wooden leg, and a real foot." -- Steven Wright

    --
    Oh, say does that Star-Spangled Banner entwine / The myrtle of Venus with Bacchus's vine?
  14. Very old news... by ak_hepcat · · Score: 4, Funny

    Pirates have been replacing damaged or missing limbs with replacements made of wood for years!

    --
    Support FSF: Stop thinking with your wallet, and think with your imagination. (cc/non-commercial)
  15. Re:Wood Rot? by sbeckstead · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Nearly pure carbon and calcium are probably not something that your immune system worries about. Since neither are really bio-active. There is a game in which units of wood can be traded for units of sheep. This leads to the cry during the trading part of the game "Wood for Sheep!" This gives that a whole new meaning and one we can't snicker at any more.

  16. Safer than Titaniam by LionKimbro · · Score: 4, Interesting

    "Paradoxically, metal or ceramic implants meant to prevent bone breaks can sometimes cause them. Current implants are significantly harder than the bone that surrounds them. Natural bone can flex slightly. In fact, stress helps build stronger bones. However, the harder implants can apply so much stress to a particular area that the bone snaps. Softer wooden implants might cause fewer bone breaks."

    Hm, this is like what I learned in Structures: or Why Things Don't Fall Down.

    The author noted that insurance companies, finding a weak wall, would often over-retrofit it. Then the building collapses, becase the weight that would have been born by the wall is displaced onto the other walls.

    He also wrote about the cult of metal. The only reason engines are made of metal, he explained, is because they have to contain very high temperatures. If it were not for that, they could be made far more efficiently with hoses and bladders. He challenged the readers to come up with ways to make things that are presently made out of metal out of other materials -- such as wood and bird feathers.

    1. Re:Safer than Titaniam by iroll · · Score: 3, Informative

      Right. All levity aside, this could be a revolutionary medical step. Artificial bone is one of the most challenging materials science problems going, and has been for decades.

      When an artificial hip, or other load-bearing bone implant, has a higher modulus than bone (and they invariably do), they cause the load to be transmitted unevenly to the bone. The artificial hip is on a pin that goes down into the marrow on the top of the femur. In natural loading, each segment of bone (taken from top to bottom) is loaded equally in compression. With an artificial hip implanted, some of the force is transmitted directly to a deeper part of the femur. The top of the bone is loaded less heavily than it would have been under natural circumstances?

      Who cares? Your bones do. They're dynamic. When they're unloaded, they break down. So now, by unloading the top of the femur, you've given your body permission to dissolve it. Now your hip implant is bare, and only being held by its tip--fractures are the final result. This is why a hip replacement has a "lifespan" of only a few years--young people who have hips replaced have to go get new ones at some point, and have to lose a chunk of femur each time.

      Things have probably improved since I was an engineering undergrad discussing these problems (~8 yrs ago), but those are the big issues. I'm going to be really curious to read more about this.

      --
      Repetition does not transform a lie into the truth. - FDR
    2. Re:Safer than Titaniam by DragonWriter · · Score: 2, Informative

      a) Why would a strong wall move stop bearing load and overload others?

      I'm not sure if this is what GPs source was saying, but I would think the real problem with the extra-strong wall is the same with the extra-strong bones (if there is a problem with the former at all): it doesn't flex, so if its attached firmly to another weaker section, and that weaker section is subject to a load which causes the weaker section to deform, instead of the stronger section deforming elastically and removing the strain on the connection with the weaker section, the stronger section stays firm and the connection fails.

    3. Re:Safer than Titaniam by Grishnakh · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Sorry for the ignorant question, as I'm a EE, not a doctor or biomed expert.

      If hip replacements cause the body to dissolve the top of the femur because of this loading issue, then why not just replace the entire femur with a metal replacement? Why try to join two dissimilar materials this way?

      What's so hard about simply making artificial replacement bones? If you replace the entire bone, it seems that this loading issue shouldn't be a problem any more, and the only challenge is how to attach tendons and cartilage so the joints work properly.

    4. Re:Safer than Titaniam by iroll · · Score: 5, Informative

      My BS is Bioengineering (Materials), but I've been a physics teacher since I graduated, so I'm a little rusty. Take this with the requisite grain of salt =)

      You're right, if you could just replace the whole femur, you'd eliminate the loading biocompatibility problems. The problem is that the femur as-a-whole is part of a complex and interconnected system, and would be many orders of magnitude more difficult to replace than the head alone. That tendons-and-cartilage problem is much, much harder than it sounds.

      For starters, the top of the femur isn't connected to any muscles or ligaments, so we don't have to worry about reattaching them. Once the head of the femur is dislocated from the hip socket, the socket is replaced by a bioengineered version, and the top of the femur is cut off and replaced. The new ball/socket joint is reconnected, and the muscles naturally fold back around it.

      Sounds simple, but this by itself is one of the most traumatic "routine" operations in the book. It's a massive, multi-hour undertaking, and requires a lot of blood and a lot of elbow grease. Removing the entire femur, while preserving all of the soft tissue around it, would be unimaginably difficult by comparison.

      To replace the whole femur, all of the tendons and ligaments attached to the lower femur would have to be removed. Attaching them to a bioengineered substrate may be difficult or impossible. These aren't trivial connections, either. They're attached to the strongest muscles on your body, so they are subject to the most extreme forces in the body--hundreds if not thousands of PSI during heavy exertion (running, jumping, etc).

      Titanium, in particular, would be a great candidate for a whole-bone replacement, if all it had to do was be a "mechanical" member. But getting the body to integrate with titanium--which you'd need, to keep those ligaments attached--is insidiously hard. One of the reasons why this new material is exciting is because the body integrates it much differently, by using it as a frame for normal growth (filling in the holes in the artificial bone with natural bone). Titanium is treated differently--the body effectively walls it off with a special type of soft tissue. It's "biocompatible" only in the sense that it doesn't provoke any kind of dangerous immune response; it is not a good substrate for normal tissue growth. Very, very few materials are, and most of them are highly engineered plastics with special protein coatings.

      You also can't easily engineer a "half" replacement for the knee--knee replacements replace both sides of the joint. So, now you're chopping up the top of the tibia to provide a mate for your artificial femur. Which leads you right back to the same kind of problem.

      Hip replacements used to be much worse than they are now; the mechanics have improved by leaps and bounds. They've gotten to the point where most people who need one (elderly, >60 yrs) will ONLY need one during their lives; it's younger athletes (Bo Jackson) and rheumatoid arthritis sufferers who have the bulk of their life ahead of them who are in danger of needing multiple rounds of replacement.

      --
      Repetition does not transform a lie into the truth. - FDR
    5. Re:Safer than Titaniam by spineboy · · Score: 2, Informative

      Hips have made excellent progress, with newer (metal on metal) and (ceramic on ceramic), or ceramic on metal, the wear rate is minimal, and many are thought to last a persons lifetime, if they avoid stressful things like running/jumping. So patients in their 30's are getting them now.
      Knees - not so good - still about 12-15 years

      Total femur replacements usually take about 4 hours, but a routine hip can be done in 90 minutes.

      --
      ..........FULL STOP.
  17. SheepShit!! by ElitistWhiner · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Sheep die at the slightest insult to their systems. A runny nose is a death sentence. I find it unbelievable that sheep are recuperating on their own with the assistance of some charcoal and calcium

    1. Re:SheepShit!! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

      Sheep die at the slightest insult to their systems. A runny nose is a death sentence. I find it unbelievable that sheep are recuperating on their own with the assistance of some charcoal and calcium

      Mint jelly and a roasting pan tend to be fatal as well.

  18. Perry Bible Fellowship Comic by plisskin · · Score: 3, Funny
  19. It's all fun and games... by kuzb · · Score: 4, Funny

    ...until your first termite infestation :(

    --
    BeauHD. Worst editor since kdawson.
  20. I think they mean charcoal. by EWAdams · · Score: 3, Informative

    When you take wood and heat it in such a way that almost only pure carbon is left, it's called charcoal. I bet they avoided that little term because it doesn't sound nearly as cool (or strong) as wood.

    --
    I piss off bigots.
  21. sheep and "other" industrial applications? by Trepidity · · Score: 2, Funny

    Ah, the sheep, a stellar piece of industrial machinery.

  22. Re:Surgeons profits vs implant company by iroll · · Score: 2, Informative

    Just to play devils advocate, there was a situation only a few years ago where a hip manufacturer failed to re-validate its manufacturing process after an equipment change. They ended up shipping contaminated hips (thin veneer of lubricant from the machine), an entire batch of which all failed catastrophically.

    I'm a fan of tort reform too, and I agree that (many but not all) of these prices are somewhat artificially inflated, but all of that exhaustive testing needs to happen. Unfortunately, in our system, the medical companies also play the Fight Club Insurance Adjuster game, instead of "doing the right thing" the first time, and a crippling lawsuit is just about the only thing on the other side of the scales.

    --
    Repetition does not transform a lie into the truth. - FDR
  23. Yarrr!!! by Quixadhal · · Score: 2, Funny

    Yarrrr... me peg leg'll be worth a few bottles o rum afterall!