Bioreactors Engineer Tissue To Mend Heart Damage

Hugh Pickens writes "Heart attacks usually cause irreversible damage to heart muscle and, because cells lost from the heart do not grow back naturally, leave the organ in a weakened and vulnerable state that may cause another serious condition — called heart failure — if the victim survives. Now a team of scientists led by Tal Dvir from Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in Beer-Sheva has developed a tissue-engineering technique, using the body as a 'bioreactor,' to create a 'patch' made from heart muscle that can be used to fix scarring left over from a heart attack. First, a biodegradable 'scaffold' is seeded with immature cells taken from the hearts of newborn rats. For 48 hours, the scaffold is exposed to a cocktail of growth-promoting chemicals in the laboratory and is then transplanted into a rat's abdomen where it develops a network of blood vessels and muscle fibers. After seven days the patch is removed and grafted onto the animal's heart. A month later the patch has completely integrated itself into the heart, synchronizing its 'beat' with that of the surrounding tissue. 'Using the body as a bioreactor to engineer cardiac tissue with stable and functional blood vessel networks represents a significant improvement in cardiac patch performance over ex vivo (outside the body) methods currently used for patch production,' write the authors. The technique is also being developed for livers and bladders."

Comments

Great

[markov_chain]

Now we just need a supply of newborn humans to take heart cells from, and we'll be able to apply the same technique :D

Re:Great

[mcrbids]

Yeah yeah, funny. But there's a very serious side to this joke. Where *are* all these cells going to come from? Well, it looks like the answer is just about here - YOU! See, scientists are rapidly unlocking the code behind what is a "stem cell" and are able to reprogram them to be whatever you want them to be.

In the (near!) future, you may be able to regenerate heart tissue, liver tissue, or (in my case) new teeth, simply by taking a small skin scraping, culturing the cells, reprogramming them into stem cells, or into whatever type of cell is actually needed - teeth, heart, liver, or whatever.

The resulting tissue could then be surgically implanted with zero risk of rejection, since they are cells from your own body, with your DNA/RNA and so on!

This is a brave new world that includes (at last!) a cure for Type I Diabetes, Parkinsons, heart disease, bad teeth, and too many other illnesses to name.

For example, there was a cure for Diabetes YEARS AGO called the Edmonton Protocol that had the unfortunate side effect of requiring hundreds of donor cadavers. I was, for a while, intensely excited (one of my oldest sons is Type 1 Diabetic) but the donor cadavers does present just a *bit* of a problem.

But suddenly, now, donors aren't a problem. If I need islet cells, I can donate a bit of skin tissue! Or even have a liposuction!

This isn't big. This isn't huge. This is world-changing.